This article presents the design of a stepped impedance patch antenna for fifth generation mobile communication networks application. A large tendency towards the new generation is what drives this research. The antenna is designed and simulated in Sonnet Suites software. The overall dimensions of the antenna are 10.7x22.5 mm2. The antenna design is fed via a probe. The simulation is done in the range from 0 to 6GHz. The results achieved are compatible with 5th generation standards. The magnitude of input matching is -14.35dB and the maximum gain, at the radiating frequency of 4.82GHz, is found to be 5.045dB. The cross-polarization level is as low as -30dB. The goal of the research is achieved and presented in this paper.
{"title":"Stepped impedance patch antenna for sub-6GHz 5G range","authors":"Hamza Bećirspahić, Sehabeddin Taha Imeci","doi":"10.37868/hsd.v5i2.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37868/hsd.v5i2.111","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the design of a stepped impedance patch antenna for fifth generation mobile communication networks application. A large tendency towards the new generation is what drives this research. The antenna is designed and simulated in Sonnet Suites software. The overall dimensions of the antenna are 10.7x22.5 mm2. The antenna design is fed via a probe. The simulation is done in the range from 0 to 6GHz. The results achieved are compatible with 5th generation standards. The magnitude of input matching is -14.35dB and the maximum gain, at the radiating frequency of 4.82GHz, is found to be 5.045dB. The cross-polarization level is as low as -30dB. The goal of the research is achieved and presented in this paper.","PeriodicalId":45408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136353363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite having many advantages, using rubber to produce reinforced concrete members like beams is still restricted. When there is more waste tire rubber in concrete structures, rubber concrete's flexural and compressive strengths gradually decrease. However, this study used steel fibers to improve compressive strength and externally bonded carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets to increase flexural strength. Four groups of three reinforced concrete beams each were established for the study's use. The first and third groups of concrete beams used a volumetric replacement of fine and coarse aggregates with 5% and 10% waste tire rubber. However, steel fibers were added to the second and third groups at a rate of 1.25% of the concrete volume. Waste tire rubber and steel fibers were not replaced or added to the fourth group, the main reference group. The dimensions of each beam were 2.1×0.2×0.3 m. A concrete beam's first member is always free of external reinforcement, followed by its second member, which has one layer, and its third member, which has two layers of CFRP sheet. ABAQUS, a finite element analysis program, was used numerically to represent the third strengthening layer. The results showed that strengthening the reinforced rubberized concrete beams with a single layer of CFRP sheets increased the load at first crack and failure by 8.57% and 17.64%, respectively, compared to the unreinforced reference beam, compensating for the loss caused by the production of rubberized concrete and adding additional flexural strength. These loads increased by 31.43% and 26.45%, respectively, due to the steel fibers added to the beams containing these waste tire rubber. Strengthening with two layers of CFRP sheets increased the load at first crack and failure by 17.14 and 34.27, respectively. The steel fibers added to the beams that contained these amounts of waste tire rubber, on the other hand, caused these loads to increase by 42.86 and 49.23%, respectively. Strengthening with three layers numerically results in an exponential increase in load at the first crack and the failure by 8.03 and 52.88%, respectively. On the other hand, the loads on the beams that contained these quantities of waste tire rubber increased by 50.49% and 104.47%, respectively, when steel fibers were added to them.
{"title":"Flexural behavior of steel fiber reinforced concrete beams comprising coarse and fine rubber and strengthened by CFRP sheets","authors":"Adnan Abdullah Adday, Ahmed Sultan Ali","doi":"10.37868/hsd.v5i2.257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37868/hsd.v5i2.257","url":null,"abstract":"Despite having many advantages, using rubber to produce reinforced concrete members like beams is still restricted. When there is more waste tire rubber in concrete structures, rubber concrete's flexural and compressive strengths gradually decrease. However, this study used steel fibers to improve compressive strength and externally bonded carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets to increase flexural strength. Four groups of three reinforced concrete beams each were established for the study's use. The first and third groups of concrete beams used a volumetric replacement of fine and coarse aggregates with 5% and 10% waste tire rubber. However, steel fibers were added to the second and third groups at a rate of 1.25% of the concrete volume. Waste tire rubber and steel fibers were not replaced or added to the fourth group, the main reference group. The dimensions of each beam were 2.1×0.2×0.3 m. A concrete beam's first member is always free of external reinforcement, followed by its second member, which has one layer, and its third member, which has two layers of CFRP sheet. ABAQUS, a finite element analysis program, was used numerically to represent the third strengthening layer. The results showed that strengthening the reinforced rubberized concrete beams with a single layer of CFRP sheets increased the load at first crack and failure by 8.57% and 17.64%, respectively, compared to the unreinforced reference beam, compensating for the loss caused by the production of rubberized concrete and adding additional flexural strength. These loads increased by 31.43% and 26.45%, respectively, due to the steel fibers added to the beams containing these waste tire rubber. Strengthening with two layers of CFRP sheets increased the load at first crack and failure by 17.14 and 34.27, respectively. The steel fibers added to the beams that contained these amounts of waste tire rubber, on the other hand, caused these loads to increase by 42.86 and 49.23%, respectively. Strengthening with three layers numerically results in an exponential increase in load at the first crack and the failure by 8.03 and 52.88%, respectively. On the other hand, the loads on the beams that contained these quantities of waste tire rubber increased by 50.49% and 104.47%, respectively, when steel fibers were added to them.","PeriodicalId":45408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135484074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-26DOI: 10.1108/jchmsd-05-2023-0070
David Sánchez Alvarado, Nicolás Arízaga Hamilton, Verónica Cristina Heras, Julia Rey-Pérez
Purpose Cuenca, a World Heritage City, faces urban expansion as residents move to the outskirts, leaving the historic center abandoned and deteriorating. The challenge now is to relocate these spaces into sustainable and cohesive nodes. This research aims to identify cultural facility oversupply in the city center and understand the required usage for heritage buildings to promote a habitable, sustainable and cohesive historic center. Design/methodology/approach The study consisted of two phases. Firstly, a georeferenced spatial analysis and monthly usage frequency of each facility is proposed. Secondly, interviews explored the criteria for designating heritage buildings as cultural facilities. Additionally, a survey assessed urban habitability in three historic center parishes, measuring aspects like coverage, satisfaction and security from residents' perspectives. Findings The underutilization of cultural facilities demonstrates both inefficient heritage management and a lack of resident interest in cultural activities and neighborhood decision-making. Thus, ensuring collective ownership of heritage assets becomes crucial. Additionally, the municipality's approach to heritage must be reconsidered. While implementing a cultural program may seem faster and cheaper, the long-term cost-benefit of maintaining a cohesive historical center outweighs that of a dispersed city. Originality/value This paper calls for a fundamental reimagining of the concept of built heritage, emphasizing the need for a more inclusive and integrated approach that goes beyond museum and tourism-driven strategies. This perspective recognizes the importance of social, cultural and environmental sustainability in revitalizing the historic center, considering the broader context of the city and its diverse inhabitants.
{"title":"Struggling with globalization challenges: addressing the oversupply of cultural facilities in the world heritage city of Cuenca, Ecuador","authors":"David Sánchez Alvarado, Nicolás Arízaga Hamilton, Verónica Cristina Heras, Julia Rey-Pérez","doi":"10.1108/jchmsd-05-2023-0070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jchmsd-05-2023-0070","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose Cuenca, a World Heritage City, faces urban expansion as residents move to the outskirts, leaving the historic center abandoned and deteriorating. The challenge now is to relocate these spaces into sustainable and cohesive nodes. This research aims to identify cultural facility oversupply in the city center and understand the required usage for heritage buildings to promote a habitable, sustainable and cohesive historic center. Design/methodology/approach The study consisted of two phases. Firstly, a georeferenced spatial analysis and monthly usage frequency of each facility is proposed. Secondly, interviews explored the criteria for designating heritage buildings as cultural facilities. Additionally, a survey assessed urban habitability in three historic center parishes, measuring aspects like coverage, satisfaction and security from residents' perspectives. Findings The underutilization of cultural facilities demonstrates both inefficient heritage management and a lack of resident interest in cultural activities and neighborhood decision-making. Thus, ensuring collective ownership of heritage assets becomes crucial. Additionally, the municipality's approach to heritage must be reconsidered. While implementing a cultural program may seem faster and cheaper, the long-term cost-benefit of maintaining a cohesive historical center outweighs that of a dispersed city. Originality/value This paper calls for a fundamental reimagining of the concept of built heritage, emphasizing the need for a more inclusive and integrated approach that goes beyond museum and tourism-driven strategies. This perspective recognizes the importance of social, cultural and environmental sustainability in revitalizing the historic center, considering the broader context of the city and its diverse inhabitants.","PeriodicalId":45408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134884043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luisa Fernanda Restrepo Gutierrez, Pablo Bernal Moreno, Elizabeth Suescún Monsalve, Jose Lisandro Aguilar Castro, César Jesus Pardo Calvache
Cyber-physical systems (CPS) represent devices whose components enable interaction between machines and processes. One of the biggest challenges of these systems today is the ability to adjust to changes at the time of execution as they are implemented in environments with a multidimensional complexity, this challenge is currently addressed from the design of the systems themselves by integrating sustainability. With this problem in mind, the present document describes a systematic mapping study of the literature with the goal of demonstrating the current panorama of the frameworks, designs, and/or models used at the time of initiating the development of a cyber-physical system. As a result, it has been concluded that there is a lack of guidelines to construct sustainable, and evolvable cyber-physical systems. To address these issues, a framework for designing sustainable CPS architectures is outlined.
{"title":"Toward a conceptual framework for designing sustainable cyber-physical system architectures: A systematic mapping study","authors":"Luisa Fernanda Restrepo Gutierrez, Pablo Bernal Moreno, Elizabeth Suescún Monsalve, Jose Lisandro Aguilar Castro, César Jesus Pardo Calvache","doi":"10.37868/hsd.v5i2.226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37868/hsd.v5i2.226","url":null,"abstract":"Cyber-physical systems (CPS) represent devices whose components enable interaction between machines and processes. One of the biggest challenges of these systems today is the ability to adjust to changes at the time of execution as they are implemented in environments with a multidimensional complexity, this challenge is currently addressed from the design of the systems themselves by integrating sustainability. With this problem in mind, the present document describes a systematic mapping study of the literature with the goal of demonstrating the current panorama of the frameworks, designs, and/or models used at the time of initiating the development of a cyber-physical system. As a result, it has been concluded that there is a lack of guidelines to construct sustainable, and evolvable cyber-physical systems. To address these issues, a framework for designing sustainable CPS architectures is outlined.","PeriodicalId":45408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development","volume":"11 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135153729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose The goal of this study is to identify the problems of marketing military heritage as a tourism resource as well as to show how studies are linking the tourism industry with military historical sites to valorize epic wars and great tragedies as tourism development resources. Design/methodology/approach In this study, evaluation of recently published research papers, articles and publications on military tourism is conducted. Findings While most DMOs (Destination Management Organizations) and tourism organizations have been slow to acknowledge the potential benefits of military heritage tourism, the examples offered show how stakeholders can help promote military heritage tourism. Practical implications The study has suggested managerial implications that will aid in the integration of stakeholder participation in the development of military heritage tourism. Originality/value This paper examines the constraints and potential benefits of military heritage tourism, as well as collaboration between stakeholders and military historic sites.
{"title":"How stakeholders collaborate? Meeting the challenges and availing the opportunities of military heritage tourism","authors":"Prachi Mahajan, Bharti Gupta, Sarath Chandra Kanth Pedapalli","doi":"10.1108/jchmsd-07-2022-0127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jchmsd-07-2022-0127","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose The goal of this study is to identify the problems of marketing military heritage as a tourism resource as well as to show how studies are linking the tourism industry with military historical sites to valorize epic wars and great tragedies as tourism development resources. Design/methodology/approach In this study, evaluation of recently published research papers, articles and publications on military tourism is conducted. Findings While most DMOs (Destination Management Organizations) and tourism organizations have been slow to acknowledge the potential benefits of military heritage tourism, the examples offered show how stakeholders can help promote military heritage tourism. Practical implications The study has suggested managerial implications that will aid in the integration of stakeholder participation in the development of military heritage tourism. Originality/value This paper examines the constraints and potential benefits of military heritage tourism, as well as collaboration between stakeholders and military historic sites.","PeriodicalId":45408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development","volume":"212 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135491198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-11DOI: 10.1108/jchmsd-12-2022-0208
T. Guttormsen, Joar Skrede, Paloma Guzman, K. Fouseki, Chiara Bonacchi, Ana Pastor Pérez
PurposeThe paper explores the potential value of urban assemblage theory as a conceptual framework for understanding the role heritage has in social sustainable urban placemaking. The authors conceptualise urban placemaking as a dynamic and complex social assemblage. Heritage is one of the many dimensions of such a complex and dynamic urban assembly. Based on the approach to urban assemblage theory, the authors aim to uncover how postindustrial city-making unfolds. When approaching the case studies, the authors ask the following: Whose city for which citizens are visible through the selected case studies? How is social sustainability achieved through heritage in urban placemaking?Design/methodology/approachThe main research material is derived from theoretical literature and the testing of an assemblage methodological approach through three Norwegian urban regeneration case studies where heritage partake in urban placemaking. The three case studies are the Tukthus wall (what is left of an 19th century old prison), the Vulkan neighbourhood (an 19th century industrial working area) and Sørengkaia (an 19th century industrial harbour area) in Oslo, Norway. The three case studies are representing urban regeneration projects which are common worldwide, and not at least in a European context.FindingsThe paper reveals the dynamic factors and processes at play in urban placemaking, which has its own distinct character by the uses of heritage in each of the case study areas. Placemaking could produce “closed” systems which are stable in accordance with its original functions, or they could be “open” systems affected by the various drivers of change. The paper shows how these forces are depending on two sets of binary forces at play in urban placemaking: forces of “assemblages” co-creating a place versus destabilising forces of “disassembly” which is redefining the place as a process affected by reassembled placemaking.Research limitations/implicationsFor research, the authors focus on the implications this paper has for the field of urban heritage studies as it provides a useful framework to capture the dynamic complexity of urban heritage areas.Practical implicationsFor practice, the authors state that the paper can provide a useful platform for dialogue and critical thinking on strategies being planned.Social implicationsFor society, the paper promotes the significance in terms of fostering an inclusive way of thinking and planning for urban heritage futures.Originality/valueThe paper outlines dynamics of urban regeneration through heritage which are significant for understanding urban transformation as value for offering practical solutions to social problems in urban planning. The assemblage methodological approach (1) makes awareness of the dynamic processes at play in urban placemaking and makes the ground for mapping issue at stake in urban placemaking; (2) becomes a source for modelling urban regeneration through heritage by defining a conceptual f
{"title":"Assemblage urbanism: the role of heritage in urban placemaking","authors":"T. Guttormsen, Joar Skrede, Paloma Guzman, K. Fouseki, Chiara Bonacchi, Ana Pastor Pérez","doi":"10.1108/jchmsd-12-2022-0208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jchmsd-12-2022-0208","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThe paper explores the potential value of urban assemblage theory as a conceptual framework for understanding the role heritage has in social sustainable urban placemaking. The authors conceptualise urban placemaking as a dynamic and complex social assemblage. Heritage is one of the many dimensions of such a complex and dynamic urban assembly. Based on the approach to urban assemblage theory, the authors aim to uncover how postindustrial city-making unfolds. When approaching the case studies, the authors ask the following: Whose city for which citizens are visible through the selected case studies? How is social sustainability achieved through heritage in urban placemaking?Design/methodology/approachThe main research material is derived from theoretical literature and the testing of an assemblage methodological approach through three Norwegian urban regeneration case studies where heritage partake in urban placemaking. The three case studies are the Tukthus wall (what is left of an 19th century old prison), the Vulkan neighbourhood (an 19th century industrial working area) and Sørengkaia (an 19th century industrial harbour area) in Oslo, Norway. The three case studies are representing urban regeneration projects which are common worldwide, and not at least in a European context.FindingsThe paper reveals the dynamic factors and processes at play in urban placemaking, which has its own distinct character by the uses of heritage in each of the case study areas. Placemaking could produce “closed” systems which are stable in accordance with its original functions, or they could be “open” systems affected by the various drivers of change. The paper shows how these forces are depending on two sets of binary forces at play in urban placemaking: forces of “assemblages” co-creating a place versus destabilising forces of “disassembly” which is redefining the place as a process affected by reassembled placemaking.Research limitations/implicationsFor research, the authors focus on the implications this paper has for the field of urban heritage studies as it provides a useful framework to capture the dynamic complexity of urban heritage areas.Practical implicationsFor practice, the authors state that the paper can provide a useful platform for dialogue and critical thinking on strategies being planned.Social implicationsFor society, the paper promotes the significance in terms of fostering an inclusive way of thinking and planning for urban heritage futures.Originality/valueThe paper outlines dynamics of urban regeneration through heritage which are significant for understanding urban transformation as value for offering practical solutions to social problems in urban planning. The assemblage methodological approach (1) makes awareness of the dynamic processes at play in urban placemaking and makes the ground for mapping issue at stake in urban placemaking; (2) becomes a source for modelling urban regeneration through heritage by defining a conceptual f","PeriodicalId":45408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42094865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stochastic networks are one of the most prevalent types of networks these days. Therefore, many researchers directed to study them and summarize the essential points and challenges they face in developing these types of networks, especially optimal route path selection. In this paper, a solution to this problem was addressed using the evolutionary algorithm ACO (Ant Colony Optimization), where the path with the lowest cost was obtained according to several scenarios studied in the research, which consider the fact that, the traffic information in the network is available either in a static or in a dynamic form in real-time. The proposed method presented contributions for real networks that can be used in many applications. The results are essential in solving the problem of choosing the optimal route. Also, they can be applied to various scenarios of the stochastic networks that exist in real life. Optimization improves logistics efficiency, which contributes to sustainability by minimizing fuel consumption, reducing emissions, and conserving resources.
{"title":"Enhancing sustainability in logistics through stochastic network routing mechanism optimization using ant colony algorithm","authors":"Dhurgham Al-Tayar, Zainab Alisa","doi":"10.37868/hsd.v5i2.239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37868/hsd.v5i2.239","url":null,"abstract":"Stochastic networks are one of the most prevalent types of networks these days. Therefore, many researchers directed to study them and summarize the essential points and challenges they face in developing these types of networks, especially optimal route path selection. In this paper, a solution to this problem was addressed using the evolutionary algorithm ACO (Ant Colony Optimization), where the path with the lowest cost was obtained according to several scenarios studied in the research, which consider the fact that, the traffic information in the network is available either in a static or in a dynamic form in real-time. The proposed method presented contributions for real networks that can be used in many applications. The results are essential in solving the problem of choosing the optimal route. Also, they can be applied to various scenarios of the stochastic networks that exist in real life. Optimization improves logistics efficiency, which contributes to sustainability by minimizing fuel consumption, reducing emissions, and conserving resources.","PeriodicalId":45408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development","volume":"2020 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136364997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High-temperature materials play a significant role in sustainable engineering across various industries and applications. Sustainable engineering aims to design, develop, and implement solutions that minimize environmental impact, enhance resource efficiency, and promote long-term sustainability. The availability of substances that can be used efficiently at high temperatures allows pushing the limits of possible measurable demands. These substances include ceramics, polymers and metals. It is used in elevated temperature materials, aircraft and space structures, and space exploration. In this study, high temperature metals are classified including superalloys, platinum and refractory metals, refractory metals such as W, Nb, Mo, Ta. Also, ceramic materials are high temperature materials. Ceramics are criticized to use in elevated temperature due to their high hardness, extraordinary strength in compression, excellent thermal stability, short-term thermal extension and tremendously great melting temperature. Ceramics that encounter these standards are carbides and borides of Zr, Nb, Ta, Ti and Hf. In addition, steel, nickel and copper alloys used in aircraft engines, space shuttles and turbine blades from aerospace materials were investigated. In addition, powder metallurgy and sintering techniques, which are the most widely used production methods of high temperature materials, are emphasized. In this study, important characterization techniques for analyzing some sample surface and subsurface properties are reviewed. Again, in this study, the use of AES, XPS, SSIMS and LEED methods for the chemical examination of surfaces is discussed. Optical, electron, and scanning probe microscopy is used for pictorial inspection of inspection specimens and structures, obtaining data on surface, shape, colors, and numerous additional physical properties. Here, AFM, SEM, TEM, EDX, FIB and EMP methods are discussed. Among the material analysis devices, XRD, x-ray fluorescence spectrometry, low energy electron diffraction, neutron diffraction and electron microprobe devices were examined.
{"title":"Review of high temperature materials","authors":"F. Findik","doi":"10.37868/hsd.v5i2.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37868/hsd.v5i2.163","url":null,"abstract":"High-temperature materials play a significant role in sustainable engineering across various industries and applications. Sustainable engineering aims to design, develop, and implement solutions that minimize environmental impact, enhance resource efficiency, and promote long-term sustainability. The availability of substances that can be used efficiently at high temperatures allows pushing the limits of possible measurable demands. These substances include ceramics, polymers and metals. It is used in elevated temperature materials, aircraft and space structures, and space exploration. In this study, high temperature metals are classified including superalloys, platinum and refractory metals, refractory metals such as W, Nb, Mo, Ta. Also, ceramic materials are high temperature materials. Ceramics are criticized to use in elevated temperature due to their high hardness, extraordinary strength in compression, excellent thermal stability, short-term thermal extension and tremendously great melting temperature. Ceramics that encounter these standards are carbides and borides of Zr, Nb, Ta, Ti and Hf. In addition, steel, nickel and copper alloys used in aircraft engines, space shuttles and turbine blades from aerospace materials were investigated. In addition, powder metallurgy and sintering techniques, which are the most widely used production methods of high temperature materials, are emphasized. In this study, important characterization techniques for analyzing some sample surface and subsurface properties are reviewed. Again, in this study, the use of AES, XPS, SSIMS and LEED methods for the chemical examination of surfaces is discussed. Optical, electron, and scanning probe microscopy is used for pictorial inspection of inspection specimens and structures, obtaining data on surface, shape, colors, and numerous additional physical properties. Here, AFM, SEM, TEM, EDX, FIB and EMP methods are discussed. Among the material analysis devices, XRD, x-ray fluorescence spectrometry, low energy electron diffraction, neutron diffraction and electron microprobe devices were examined.","PeriodicalId":45408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77659017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Land value is one of the economic issues of cadastral systems which is the base of sustainable urban and regional planning. The current paper concerns the estimation of the land values according to many essential factors, which are adopted as ten variables generally. Among these ten parameters, the frontage of the parcel (width), the value of rent, the width of streets, and the level of services represent the most effective parameters that play the main role in process of land price estimation over the Erbil City. The current research introduces the nature of land values and their homogeneous distribution and evaluates the suggested algorithm of land price estimation as one of the efficient factors that affect the national economic situation. The data collection was done for 100 parcels in different locations within the Erbil city boundary, which is being selected to apply the linear multiple regression equation to find the coefficients of the effective factors and to define the correlation between them. The obtained results of the linear multiple regression equation show that the level of existing services and the value of the rent have the maximum effect among these four factors, and they have the maximum correlation with the land price, whereas the road’s width has the minimum correlation among them. The worked-out algorithm for land price estimation (which is a vital issue of the modern cadastral systems), is recommended to be applied by the institutions and organizations concerning the land prices and land taxes task.
{"title":"Development of land value algorithm for establishing an effective cadastral system in Erbil City","authors":"Azad Hawezi, Mohammed Anwer Jassim","doi":"10.37868/hsd.v5i2.183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37868/hsd.v5i2.183","url":null,"abstract":"Land value is one of the economic issues of cadastral systems which is the base of sustainable urban and regional planning. The current paper concerns the estimation of the land values according to many essential factors, which are adopted as ten variables generally. Among these ten parameters, the frontage of the parcel (width), the value of rent, the width of streets, and the level of services represent the most effective parameters that play the main role in process of land price estimation over the Erbil City. The current research introduces the nature of land values and their homogeneous distribution and evaluates the suggested algorithm of land price estimation as one of the efficient factors that affect the national economic situation. The data collection was done for 100 parcels in different locations within the Erbil city boundary, which is being selected to apply the linear multiple regression equation to find the coefficients of the effective factors and to define the correlation between them. The obtained results of the linear multiple regression equation show that the level of existing services and the value of the rent have the maximum effect among these four factors, and they have the maximum correlation with the land price, whereas the road’s width has the minimum correlation among them. The worked-out algorithm for land price estimation (which is a vital issue of the modern cadastral systems), is recommended to be applied by the institutions and organizations concerning the land prices and land taxes task.","PeriodicalId":45408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89245402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. A. Hamad, Faris Maher Ahmed, Mamoon Fattah Khalf, M. Thivagar
Research purpose: The current work introduces a novel method for time series discriminant analysis (DA). Proposing a version for the Bayes classifier employing Dynamic Linear Models, which we denote by BCDLM This article explores the application of DLMs and the Bayes Classifier in time series classification to promote application in sustainability across diverse sectors. Method: This paper presents some computer simulation studies in which we generate four different scenarios corresponding to time series observations from various Dynamic Linear Models (DLMs). In Discriminant Analysis, we investigated strategies for estimating variance in models and compared the performance of the BCDLM with other common classifiers. Such datasets are composed of real-time series (data from SONY AIBO Robot and spectrometry of coffee types) and pseudo-time series (data from Swedish leaves adapted for time series). We also point out that algorithm was used to determine training and test sets in real-world applications. Results: Considering the real-time series examined in this paper, The results obtained indicate that the parametric approach developed represents a promising alternative for this class of DA problems, with observations of time series in a situation that is quite difficult in practice when we have series with large sizes with respect to the number of observations in the classes, even though more thorough studies are required. Conclusions: It concludes that the BCDLM performed comparably to the results of the classifiers 1NN, RDA, NBND and NBK and superior to the methods LDA and QDA. This offers a powerful combination for time series classification, enabling accurate predictions and informed decision-making in areas such as energy consumption, waste management, and resource allocation.
{"title":"Dynamic system linear models and Bayes classifier for time series classification in promoting sustainabilitys","authors":"A. A. Hamad, Faris Maher Ahmed, Mamoon Fattah Khalf, M. Thivagar","doi":"10.37868/hsd.v5i2.236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37868/hsd.v5i2.236","url":null,"abstract":"Research purpose: The current work introduces a novel method for time series discriminant analysis (DA). Proposing a version for the Bayes classifier employing Dynamic Linear Models, which we denote by BCDLM This article explores the application of DLMs and the Bayes Classifier in time series classification to promote application in sustainability across diverse sectors.\u0000Method: This paper presents some computer simulation studies in which we generate four different scenarios corresponding to time series observations from various Dynamic Linear Models (DLMs). In Discriminant Analysis, we investigated strategies for estimating variance in models and compared the performance of the BCDLM with other common classifiers. Such datasets are composed of real-time series (data from SONY AIBO Robot and spectrometry of coffee types) and pseudo-time series (data from Swedish leaves adapted for time series). We also point out that algorithm was used to determine training and test sets in real-world applications.\u0000Results: Considering the real-time series examined in this paper, The results obtained indicate that the parametric approach developed represents a promising alternative for this class of DA problems, with observations of time series in a situation that is quite difficult in practice when we have series with large sizes with respect to the number of observations in the classes, even though more thorough studies are required.\u0000Conclusions: It concludes that the BCDLM performed comparably to the results of the classifiers 1NN, RDA, NBND and NBK and superior to the methods LDA and QDA. This offers a powerful combination for time series classification, enabling accurate predictions and informed decision-making in areas such as energy consumption, waste management, and resource allocation.","PeriodicalId":45408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89731102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}