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Opening the ‘Black Box’ of Regulation-making for Bottled Water Quality Standards in India 打开印度瓶装水质量标准法规制定的“黑匣子”
IF 2.1 4区 管理学 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-05-11 DOI: 10.1177/09717218231161237
Aviram Sharma
The paper contributes to the under-researched domain of standard setting for bottled water quality in India. The paper opens-up the ‘black box’ of regulation-making by analysing the mandatory bottled water quality standards set by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). The regulation-making exercise is dominated by bureaucrats and technocrats representing government departments, publicly funded institutions and representatives of big industries. In the standard-setting committees, representation of NGOs, small firms, technology suppliers, independent experts, consumers and citizens are either missing or limited. The kind of experts enrolled by the technical committee and the practice and principles employed by BIS for decision-making have a strong bearing on the regulatory standards. The standard setting for bottled water was the outcome of a complex process that was significantly shaped by the views and values of the dominant regulatory actors, especially what was perceived as valid and superior ‘regulatory knowledge’. Discrete actors, such as bureaucrats, technocrats, big firms and NGOs, supported the wider adoption of international standards, but they had different rationales for advocating the adoption. However, the uncritical adoption of international standards has resulted in a disregard for incorporating environmental, epidemiological, dietary and diverse socio-economic factors into setting standards. Inclusion of socio-economic and other contextual factors could increase the validity and effectiveness of regulatory standards.
本文为印度瓶装水质量标准制定的研究领域做出了贡献。这篇论文通过分析印度标准局(BIS)制定的强制性瓶装水质量标准,打开了制定法规的“黑盒子”。监管工作由代表政府部门、公共资助机构和大型行业代表的官僚和技术官僚主导。在标准制定委员会中,非政府组织、小公司、技术供应商、独立专家、消费者和公民的代表要么缺失,要么有限。技术委员会招收的专家种类以及国际清算银行在决策时采用的做法和原则对监管标准有很大影响。瓶装水的标准设定是一个复杂过程的结果,这个过程在很大程度上受到主导监管行为者的观点和价值观的影响,特别是被认为是有效和优越的“监管知识”。诸如官僚、技术官僚、大公司和非政府组织等独立的行为者支持更广泛地采用国际标准,但他们提倡采用的理由各不相同。然而,不加批判地采用国际标准导致无视在制定标准时纳入环境、流行病学、饮食和各种社会经济因素。纳入社会经济和其他背景因素可以提高管理标准的有效性和效力。
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引用次数: 0
The Nexus Between IT Capabilities and Firm Innovation Performance: The Mediating Effect of Supply Chain Agility IT能力与企业创新绩效的关系:供应链敏捷性的中介作用
IF 2.1 4区 管理学 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-05-06 DOI: 10.1177/09717218231161239
K. Khan, Fouzia Atlas, Wajahat Ali, Usman Ghani, Farhan Khan
This study investigates the impact of IT capabilities on firm innovation performance. Further, it examines the mediating role of supply chain agility (SCA) as well as the moderating effect of innovation orientation (IO). The proposed conceptual model draws on resource-based view (RBV) theory. Dataset of 335 responses was analysed with process MACRO using SPSS 24.0 and AMOS. The findings show that IT capabilities positively affect firm innovation performance and SCA mediates the relationship of IT capabilities and firm innovative performance. Finally, results also confirm the moderating effect of IO between the IT capabilities and SCA.
本研究探讨资讯科技能力对企业创新绩效的影响。此外,本文还考察了供应链敏捷性的中介作用以及创新导向的调节作用。提出的概念模型借鉴了资源基础观(RBV)理论。采用SPSS 24.0和AMOS软件对335份问卷数据集进行过程宏分析。研究结果表明,IT能力对企业创新绩效具有正向影响,SCA在IT能力与企业创新绩效之间起到中介作用。最后,结果还证实了IO在IT能力和SCA之间的调节作用。
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引用次数: 0
Cultivating Regional Innovation Ecosystems in the Digital Age: Case Studies of Four Cites in China 数字时代区域创新生态系统的培育——以中国四个城市为例
IF 2.1 4区 管理学 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.1177/09717218231160425
Chaonan Yi, Lei Ma, Zheng Liu, Kaitong Liang, Xiaojing Huang
This paper explores the cultivation paths of innovation ecosystems in the digital age by constructing a theoretical framework consisting of innovators, elements of innovation, platforms and digital governance. Four cities in China, Shenzhen, Hangzhou, Xuzhou and Weifang, were selected for in-depth case studies. Findings revealed that: (1) regions with ‘head enterprises’ and a strong industrial base achieve a competitive advantage via the synergy of digital industrialisation and industrial digitalisation; (2) digital technology pioneer regions can adopt digital industrialisation; (3) regions with a strong industrial base and traditional manufacturing industries can prioritise industrial digitalisation and (4) manufacturing regions with a large number of small and mid-size enterprises (SMEs) who can combine industrial digitalisation and digital value. This study provides theoretical and practical value for the cultivation of regional innovation ecosystems.
本文通过构建由创新者、创新要素、平台和数字治理组成的理论框架,探索数字时代创新生态系统的培育路径。中国的四个城市,深圳,杭州,徐州和潍坊,被选中进行深入的案例研究。研究结果显示:(1)拥有“龙头企业”和强大工业基础的地区通过数字工业化和工业数字化的协同作用获得竞争优势;(2)数字技术先行地区可以采用数字工业化;(3)工业基础和传统制造业较强的地区可以优先考虑工业数字化;(4)制造业地区拥有大量中小企业,可以将工业数字化与数字价值结合起来。本研究为区域创新生态系统的培育提供了理论和实践价值。
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引用次数: 1
The Optimal Open Innovation Strategy with Science-based Partners for Venture Firm’s Innovation Capabilities: Focusing on Innovation Modes 风险企业创新能力的最优开放式创新策略:基于创新模式的研究
IF 2.1 4区 管理学 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-04-23 DOI: 10.1177/09717218231160442
Cheongho Na, Changjun Lee, Eungdo Kim
This study explores the difference in the effects of innovation modes on innovation capabilities dividing various collaborative activities conducted by venture firms with science-based partners into innovation modes. Venture firms that relatively lack the resources and capabilities for innovation perform various collaborative activities such as marketing support and management support as well as research and development collaboration with science-based partners. However, this has not received proper attention in the literature on open innovation. We classified venture firms according to innovation modes and compared each group through a multi-treatment model. As a result, we found that there was a difference in the impact on innovation capability according to the innovation mode with science-based partners. This study contributes to enriching the empirical bodies of open innovation research. In addition, it suggests that there is a need for a portfolio approach considering the innovation modes by establishing policies at the level of collaborative activities in supporting the collaboration of venture firms.
本研究将风险投资公司与科技型合作伙伴进行的各种合作活动划分为不同的创新模式,探讨创新模式对创新能力影响的差异。相对缺乏创新资源和能力的风险公司开展各种合作活动,如营销支持和管理支持,以及与基于科学的伙伴进行研究和开发合作。然而,这在开放式创新的文献中并没有得到应有的重视。我们根据创新模式对风险投资公司进行分类,并通过多处理模型对每组进行比较。研究发现,不同的创新模式对创新能力的影响存在差异。本研究有助于丰富开放式创新研究的实证主体。此外,本文还建议在协作活动层面制定支持风险企业合作的政策,以考虑创新模式的组合方法。
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引用次数: 0
The Signal of Post Catch-up in Open Innovation Dynamics 开放式创新动态中的岗位追赶信号
IF 2.1 4区 管理学 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-04-23 DOI: 10.1177/09717218231160355
J. Yun, Xiaofei Zhao, Euiseub Jeong, Sangwoo Kim, K. Kim, S. D. Hahm
The digital transformation can serve as a window of opportunity for those late-comers who are equipped with the capability to create complementary assets for grabbing new opportunities of technological leapfrogging as a way of catch-up while penalising the forerunner. In this context, we want to answer the following research question. Is there any difference in open innovation effect on the firm according to the changing of belonging sectorial innovation system from catch-up to post-catch-up? We statistically analysed the moderating effects of open innovation between catching-up, and the performance with the patents which were registered in United States Patent and Trademark Office, which were applied from China in telecommunication, from South Korea in Semiconductors, and from Japan in biotechnology on 1995–1999, and 2005–2009. We found three results from this study: first, from this research, as the signal of post catching-up, open innovation effects on the performance of firm, and the moderating effects of open innovation between catching-up, and the performance of the firm were found; second, the appearance of new dominant design after post catching-up was explained through the powerful open innovation and third, open innovation could be a useful new strategy for firms in the post catching-up to use.
对于那些有能力创造互补资产的后来者来说,数字化转型可以成为一个机会之窗,以抓住技术跨越式发展的新机遇,同时惩罚先行者。在此背景下,我们想回答以下研究问题。从追赶到后追赶,所属行业创新体系的变化对企业开放创新的影响是否存在差异?利用1995-1999年、2005-2009年和2005-2009年在美国专利商标局注册的专利、中国电信、韩国半导体和日本生物技术领域申请的专利,统计分析了开放式创新在赶超与绩效之间的调节作用。研究发现:第一,开放式创新作为后追赶的信号,对企业绩效有显著的影响,并且开放式创新在后追赶与企业绩效之间存在调节作用;第二,通过强有力的开放式创新解释了岗位追赶后新的主导设计的出现;第三,开放式创新可以成为企业在岗位追赶中使用的一种有用的新策略。
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引用次数: 0
Patent Value Promotion Based on the Technology Proximity Network: An Empirical Analysis of Artificial Intelligence for Healthcare 基于技术接近网络的专利价值提升:医疗保健领域人工智能的实证分析
IF 2.1 4区 管理学 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-04-06 DOI: 10.1177/09717218231160441
Ben Zhang, Chenxu Ming
Patent value plays an important role in the open innovation system, which can stimulate enthusiasm for research and development investment and innovation collaboration. High-value patents on artificial intelligence for healthcare can attract venture capital and encourage more enterprises to conduct research and development, thus driving the development of related industrial clusters for a smart medical system. This study focused on the mechanism of impacting the patent value from the perspective of technological proximity and made an empirical analysis by using patent data and multiple ordinary least squares regression models. The results showed that the technological proximity network extracted from patent data significantly affected patent value through the centrality measurements of patent nodes in the proximity network. Finally, the study also provided some implications for the formulation of research and development planning and technological innovation policies.
专利价值在开放式创新体系中发挥着重要作用,能够激发研发投入和创新协作的积极性。医疗人工智能领域的高价值专利可以吸引风险投资,鼓励更多企业进行研发,从而带动智能医疗系统相关产业集群的发展。本研究从技术接近度的角度研究影响专利价值的机制,利用专利数据和多元普通最小二乘回归模型进行实证分析。结果表明,通过对专利网络中专利节点的中心性测量,从专利数据中提取的技术接近网络显著影响专利价值。最后,本研究也为研发规划和技术创新政策的制定提供了一些启示。
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引用次数: 1
The Impact of R&D Subsidies and Non-R&D Subsidies on Innovation Output of Biopharmaceutical Firms 研发补贴与非研发补贴对生物制药企业创新产出的影响
IF 2.1 4区 管理学 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/09717218231161008
Qing Li, Qingqing Liu, Jie Di
Government subsidies are important to the improvement of innovation level and sustainable development of biopharmaceutical firms. This paper empirically analyses the impact of government R&D and non-R&D subsidies on the innovation output of biopharmaceutical firms. We establish static, and dynamic panel mediation effect models using 2013–2019 data from China’s listed biopharmaceutical companies. Additionally, we further explore the mediating role of R&D investment between R&D subsidies and innovation output. The findings show that, first, R&D subsidies contribute to the innovation output of biopharmaceutical firms, while the effect of non-R&D subsidies is insignificant. Second, the study of the mechanism shows that R&D subsidies can significantly promote firms’ innovation output through R&D investment in the static mediating model; but interestingly, the R&D subsidies fail to promote innovation output in the dynamic mediating model through R&D investment, perhaps due to the sustainable impact of innovation. Based on the above results, this paper provides suggestions and insights for the formulation of different types of subsidy policies and the improvement of the innovation level of biopharmaceutical firms.
政府补贴对于提高生物制药企业的创新水平和可持续发展具有重要意义。本文实证分析了政府研发补贴和非研发补贴对生物制药企业创新产出的影响。利用2013-2019年中国生物制药上市公司的数据,分别建立静态和动态面板中介效应模型。此外,我们还进一步探讨了研发投入在研发补贴与创新产出之间的中介作用。研究发现:第一,研发补贴对生物制药企业创新产出有促进作用,而非研发补贴对企业创新产出的影响不显著;研究表明,在静态中介模型下,R&D补贴通过R&D投入显著促进企业创新产出;但有趣的是,在动态中介模型中,研发补贴并没有通过研发投入促进创新产出,这可能是由于创新的持续影响。基于以上研究结果,本文为生物制药企业制定不同类型的补贴政策,提高生物制药企业创新水平提供建议和见解。
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引用次数: 0
Depiction of Science and Technology in Post-Millennial Tamil Cinema 后千禧年泰米尔电影中的科技描写
IF 2.1 4区 管理学 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-03-26 DOI: 10.1177/09717218231161219
Mangudi Ramgopal Mahalakshmi, L. Rajendran
Technological advancement worldwide has impacted the cinema’s narratives, and Indian cinema is no exception to this. Science fiction is one of the fascinated genres of the Indian film industry. Incorporating science concepts in plots with the usual commercial elements provides a unique platform for the creators. This hybridisation by the creators instigates imagination among the audience. This paper explains the scientific concepts handled in the sci-fi genre of contemporary Tamil cinema (2010–2020). The study aims to track down how science concepts are dealt with in contemporary Tamil films. Films are classified into five categories based on the themes identified from the plots. A survey was conducted among the Tamil audience to know their opinion about Tamil sci-fi films.
世界范围内的技术进步影响了电影的叙事,印度电影也不例外。科幻电影是印度电影工业中令人着迷的类型之一。将科学概念与通常的商业元素结合起来,为创作者提供了一个独特的平台。创作者的这种混合激发了观众的想象力。本文解释了当代泰米尔电影(2010-2020)科幻类型中处理的科学概念。这项研究旨在追踪当代泰米尔电影是如何处理科学概念的。电影根据情节确定的主题分为五类。在泰米尔观众中进行了一项调查,以了解他们对泰米尔科幻电影的看法。
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引用次数: 0
Network Characteristics of Innovation Ecosystem: Knowledge Collaboration and Enterprise Innovation 创新生态系统的网络特征:知识协作与企业创新
IF 2.1 4区 管理学 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.1177/09717218231161216
Yanli Zhang, Dantong Wang, Xun Xiao
This paper investigates the linkage between network characteristics of the innovation ecosystem, knowledge collaboration and enterprise innovation in the case of China. The results demonstrate that knowledge collaboration plays a part in the mediating role between network characteristics of the innovation ecosystem and enterprise innovation. The resource integration capability could regulate the mediating role of knowledge collaboration, which means the stronger the resource integration capability, the stronger the mediating effect.
本文以中国为例,研究了创新生态系统的网络特征、知识协作与企业创新之间的联系。研究结果表明,知识协作在创新生态系统网络特征与企业创新之间起着中介作用。资源整合能力可以调节知识协作的中介作用,即资源整合能力越强,中介作用越强。
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引用次数: 0
The Network Structures and Characteristics of Global Hubs of STI in Big Data Analysis and Mining Technology 大数据分析与挖掘技术全球科技创新中心的网络结构与特征
IF 2.1 4区 管理学 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.1177/09717218231161202
Peng He, Xu Bai, Di Cao, Jinxi Wu
Global hubs of STI are strategic nodes in the global science network and will lead the future of global scientific progress. This paper takes big data analysis and mining technology as an example, exploring the structures and characteristics of global science network of 15 representative global hubs of STI from 2000 to 2019. Based on the data of highly cited papers and methods of social network analysis, we find that the global science network has the structure of hierarchy, with an obvious characteristic of regionality. Based on the structures and characteristics of global science network, the knowledge flow and management model of global hubs has been proposed, which may be conducive to strengthening the knowledge management and network collaboration among global hubs of STI in other frontier technologies.
全球科技创新中心是全球科学网络中的战略节点,将引领全球科学进步的未来。本文以大数据分析与挖掘技术为例,探讨了2000 - 2019年15个具有代表性的全球科技创新中心的全球科学网络结构与特征。基于高被引论文数据和社会网络分析方法,我们发现全球科学网络具有层次结构,具有明显的地域性特征。基于全球科学网络的结构和特点,提出了全球科学技术创新中心的知识流动和管理模式,这有助于加强其他前沿技术领域全球科学技术创新中心之间的知识管理和网络协作。
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引用次数: 0
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