Pub Date : 2023-06-13DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2023.2217703
Leslie Fesenmyer
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Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2023.2245572
J. R. Nyquist
ABSTRACT In the southwest of Western Australia, the state Parks and Wildlife Service carry out prescribed burns with the goal of reducing ‘fuel loads’ and creating landscape patterns that they hope will slow down the spread of bushfires. These practices can contribute to establishing ‘a fire regime’, a tenuous state, which must be continually upheld, in which the forest tends to burn in certain ways. The regime is a model for human-environment involvement that highlights attempts to be favourably involved with landscapes that are sometimes dangerous and often unpredictable. This shows one example of a complicated pattern of involvement in today’s world. Often thought of as a time of distance and forceful disconnection, the Anthropocene also contains numerous examples of complicated attempts to maintain close ties with landscapes. This article develops ‘involvements’ as a lens for understanding cases like these, where people deliberately attempt to shape landscapes but do not have complete control over or insight into the paths from intention to effect. Involvements can shed light on how people live in the uncertain space between intention, action and effect; how they stretch themselves out across time, how they open themselves to being affected and how they create for themselves certain forms of knowledge and understanding. For fire managers, practices of burning, planning, patrolling and making themselves familiar with the forest all contribute to creating an interface with the fiery and dangerous landscape.
在西澳大利亚州的西南部，州立公园和野生动物管理局(state Parks and Wildlife Service)开展了规定的焚烧活动，目的是减少“燃料负荷”，创造景观模式，希望能减缓森林大火的蔓延。这些做法有助于建立“火灾制度”，这是一种必须持续维持的脆弱状态，在这种状态下，森林往往会以某些方式燃烧。该制度是人类与环境相互作用的典范，强调了对有时危险且往往不可预测的景观的积极参与。这是当今世界复杂的参与模式的一个例子。人类世通常被认为是一个距离遥远、强烈分离的时代，但它也包含了许多与景观保持密切联系的复杂尝试的例子。本文将“参与”作为理解此类案例的视角，在这些案例中，人们故意试图塑造景观，但却无法完全控制或洞察从意图到效果的路径。参与可以揭示人们如何生活在意图、行动和效果之间的不确定空间;他们如何跨越时间的束缚，他们如何敞开心扉接受影响，他们如何为自己创造某种形式的知识和理解。对于火灾管理人员来说，燃烧、规划、巡逻和熟悉森林的做法都有助于创造一个与火热和危险景观的界面。
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Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2023.2244182
V. Dodd
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Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2023.2254009
Courtney Work
In north-central Cambodia, Indigenous minority communities along with the Prey Lang Forest are rapidly transforming market-independent ecologies toward market-dependent existences. Through this transition, maintaining access to resources, to status and to politically advantageous connections remain the ‘hinges’ around which other epistemic propositions revolve. The prowess required to capture these vital elements of social life directly from the potent forest is not the same as that required in a market-dependent environment. The two worlds of practice are connected in an intimacy that only consumption can create, and as the market eats the forest the stark difference in social organisation emerges as a point of contention on multiple fronts. In this space, ‘Indigenous’ propositions about ‘reality’ gain purchase, even as ‘Indigenous’ economies are at best constrained, but often foreclosed by market relations. This collision prompts new political and economic possibilities and new classifications for contestation. Drawing together ethnographic data and epistemology at the ‘ontological turn’, this paper investigates two classificatory anomalies: Indigenous capital accumulation and a silent earth.
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Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2023.2220932
William Yaworsky
behoves him to acknowledge that white people are – like all of us – subject to epistemic blindness that shields options and possibilities from view (Mignolo 2011; Sousanis 2015). Indeed, Ailton observes the concentration of wealth and power means that the revolutionary politics that might have overthrown broken systems in the past ‘no longer makes sense today’ (5). Without questioning the urgent need for change as Ailton describes, there is an absence of acknowledgement that we are trapped, as he himself points out, in a world where it is ‘becoming impossible to orient ourselves toward treading lightly on the Earth’ (49) or resist forces which compel us not to. One might suggest that white people are not ‘horrified’ by the idea of a better world but rather struggle to imagine another world or politics. It is telling in this sense that a key prescription for overcomingWestern ways of thinking is in ‘dreaming’ as an institution; a form of radical imagination that is both experiential and shared – one cannot do this on one’s own. This book is a polemic on the ravages of Western modernity, global capitalism and consumerist delusions. There are passages of truly beautiful writing, especially Ailton’s personal reflections on the profundity of not only his own peoples’ knowledge but Indigenous knowledges globally. The central message of this book is that life is not something to make use of, but rather something beautiful and intricately relational.
{"title":"Gothic Sovereignty: Street Gangs and Statecraft in Honduras","authors":"William Yaworsky","doi":"10.1080/00664677.2023.2220932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2023.2220932","url":null,"abstract":"behoves him to acknowledge that white people are – like all of us – subject to epistemic blindness that shields options and possibilities from view (Mignolo 2011; Sousanis 2015). Indeed, Ailton observes the concentration of wealth and power means that the revolutionary politics that might have overthrown broken systems in the past ‘no longer makes sense today’ (5). Without questioning the urgent need for change as Ailton describes, there is an absence of acknowledgement that we are trapped, as he himself points out, in a world where it is ‘becoming impossible to orient ourselves toward treading lightly on the Earth’ (49) or resist forces which compel us not to. One might suggest that white people are not ‘horrified’ by the idea of a better world but rather struggle to imagine another world or politics. It is telling in this sense that a key prescription for overcomingWestern ways of thinking is in ‘dreaming’ as an institution; a form of radical imagination that is both experiential and shared – one cannot do this on one’s own. This book is a polemic on the ravages of Western modernity, global capitalism and consumerist delusions. There are passages of truly beautiful writing, especially Ailton’s personal reflections on the profundity of not only his own peoples’ knowledge but Indigenous knowledges globally. The central message of this book is that life is not something to make use of, but rather something beautiful and intricately relational.","PeriodicalId":45505,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Forum","volume":"34 1","pages":"148 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74799941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2023.2244184
Hemopereki Simon
This intervention paper, based on the Kaupapa Māori writing inquiry, aims to offer an alternative path forward to the idea that The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints should apologise for its racism. It argues that an apology is redundant to the Indigenous World. The goal is for better Church-Indigenous relations in the face of racism rooted in The Book of Mormon, Church Policy, doctrine, teachings, and theology. The author develops a positionality and outlines mahi tuhituhi as a Kaupapa Māori (post) qualitative writing inquiry. The Author then moves to contextualise these issues by framing them with what sociologists describe as Zombie Concepts. A brief overview of the Book of Mormon and its significance in Mormonism is provided. Following that, an understanding of the connection between Aileen Moreton-Robinson's white possessive and Lamanitism is provided. Hagoth and his relationship with Tāngata Moana (Māori and Pacific Peoples) is then addressed. Recent remarks by Thomas Murphy to help readers understand the racism in the Book of Mormon. Other issues for Indigenous Peoples are highlighted, with an emphasis on anachronisms and the Book of Mormon's plagiarism. The investigation then shifts to provide Veracini's commentary on settling to build relationality is discussed from the viewpoint of Aotearoa New Zealand. A discussion of the issues is followed by an outline of the research's consequences, which include seven issues that need to be addressed as part of the relationality building in order to create a collaborative future values-based project to move Church-Indigenous relations forward in a positive way.
{"title":"A Kauapapa Māori Intervention on Apology for LDS Church's Racism, Zombie Concepts, and Moving Forward","authors":"Hemopereki Simon","doi":"10.1080/00664677.2023.2244184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2023.2244184","url":null,"abstract":"This intervention paper, based on the Kaupapa Māori writing inquiry, aims to offer an alternative path forward to the idea that The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints should apologise for its racism. It argues that an apology is redundant to the Indigenous World. The goal is for better Church-Indigenous relations in the face of racism rooted in The Book of Mormon, Church Policy, doctrine, teachings, and theology. The author develops a positionality and outlines mahi tuhituhi as a Kaupapa Māori (post) qualitative writing inquiry. The Author then moves to contextualise these issues by framing them with what sociologists describe as Zombie Concepts. A brief overview of the Book of Mormon and its significance in Mormonism is provided. Following that, an understanding of the connection between Aileen Moreton-Robinson's white possessive and Lamanitism is provided. Hagoth and his relationship with Tāngata Moana (Māori and Pacific Peoples) is then addressed. Recent remarks by Thomas Murphy to help readers understand the racism in the Book of Mormon. Other issues for Indigenous Peoples are highlighted, with an emphasis on anachronisms and the Book of Mormon's plagiarism. The investigation then shifts to provide Veracini's commentary on settling to build relationality is discussed from the viewpoint of Aotearoa New Zealand. A discussion of the issues is followed by an outline of the research's consequences, which include seven issues that need to be addressed as part of the relationality building in order to create a collaborative future values-based project to move Church-Indigenous relations forward in a positive way.","PeriodicalId":45505,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Forum","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135717692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2023.2217476
Timo Duile
ABSTRACT In the wake of weakening leftist identities, indigeneity has become a promising political identity for economically marginalised people in rural areas worldwide. This is especially true for Indonesia with its anti-communist state ideology, but the roots of the Indonesian concept of indigeneity reach back at least into the late colonial era. The Dutch shaped the modern ideology of indigeneity in Indonesia through their conceptualisation of adat (custom), which is now deployed by indigenous activists to distinguish their indigeneity from other parts of society. Additionally, indigenous activists and communities in Indonesia have to distinguish themselves from other, also autochthonous parts of society due to the absence of settlers’ descendants. This contribution sheds light on how indigeneity is understood by indigenous activists in Indonesia. It draws on two cases, namely Dayakness as indigeneity in Kalimantan and the concept of masyarakat adat as the Indonesian translation of ‘indigenous peoples’ as it is used today by Indonesia’s largest indigenous organisation. Contrary to many contributions on indigeneity that stress relationality and post-structural approaches, this contribution suggests analysing indigeneity in a dialectical way and as a part of a social totality. This social totality, however, is not self-identical as it emerges through contradictions, for instance in the opposition of the state – indigenous peoples. Indigeneity thus appears to be an ideology that represents people’s relations to socio-economic conditions but also takes into account the relative autonomy of non-economic issues such as religion and culture.
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Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2022.2162847
C. Falck
ABSTRACT I discuss the Supreme Sukundimi Declaration, published as part of a campaign against the Frieda River Copper-Gold Project, in relation to the cosmo-ontological politics of individual and collective actors in a mining encounter in Papua New Guinea. I analyse the mobilisation of the Sepik River as a sacred being and a political actor from a perspective informed by findings from long-term fieldwork with Nyaura communities. In my analysis, I draw on theories from the New Animism that I combine with a political ontology perspective to grasp the political significance of the Sepik River’s connectedness with human and non-human entities in a regional and national context in which spirits are an important part of reality. I suggest that the fight of Sepik people, who align themselves with ancestral forces against the mining project and their national government, can be understood as a fight between different ontologies or ways of being-in-the-world.
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Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2023.2174072
Indira Arumugam
ABSTRACT Some sacrifices are cosmogonic acts. Along with (re)creating the world, they create male social bonds by ritually appropriating and transcending women’s corporeal reproductive powers. Departing from these androcentric representations, this paper considers when, why and how (differently) women sacrifice. I compare an exclusively female domestic worship to the mother/midwife goddess Periyacci in Singapore from which men are forbidden with a male-centric sacrifice to tutelary deities by a patrilineage in rural Tamil Nadu, India. Focusing on women as active ritual sponsors and sacrificers, rather than as is usual, ritually prohibited and symbolically denigrated objects, I scrutinise sacrifice’s avowed theological, ritual and ethical claims regarding reproduction. Women’s native fertility, customarily denigrated to counterintuitively locate reproduction in the sacrificial covenant between men and their tutelaries, is centred in Periyacci’s worship. Dwelling on the body and its frailties, failures and infertility, women-led sacrifice demonstrates that life is only possible through women. Women’s actual sacrifice of their own bodies and labours to organically generate and nurture life negates the need for the dramatic symbolic sacrifice of animal surrogates. Entangling body and mind, sacrifice and subsistence, ritual and the routine, Periyacci’s worship offers alternative ways of thinking about sacrifice and its creative imperatives. Sacrifice need not be spectacular event but can also be an everyday sacrament.
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Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2023.2218585
Jakkrit Sangkhamanee
{"title":"Building on Borrowed Time: Rising Seas and Failing Infrastructure in Semarang","authors":"Jakkrit Sangkhamanee","doi":"10.1080/00664677.2023.2218585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2023.2218585","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45505,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Forum","volume":"10 1","pages":"72 - 74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82187015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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