Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2023.2179954
P. Roy
{"title":"Reciprocity and Its Practice in Social Research","authors":"P. Roy","doi":"10.1080/00664677.2023.2179954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2023.2179954","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45505,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Forum","volume":"8 1","pages":"69 - 71"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88106104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2023.2172549
E. Fehoko, D. Fa’avae, Arcia Tecun, S. Siu’ulua
ABSTRACT The emergence of the COVID-19 virus has significantly shifted the lives of Pacific families and communities from face-to-face communal settings to digital spaces. While there has been a multitude of opportunities for Pacific people to express themselves in digital spaces, little is known about the impacts of this on social life, including on quality time within families, exposure to misinformation, and the adoption of online addictive behaviours. This article sets out to critically review and explore the impacts and influences of digital experiences and behaviours on Pacific peoples in Aotearoa/New Zealand, shifting from ordinary practices such as church, kava-drinking and educational learning, to online platforms. Vā (space) and tauhi vā (nurturing relationships) are also discussed as theoretical concepts in navigating the shift from ordinary practices to extraordinary spaces. Findings include the exposure to COVID-19-related misinformation and online addictive behaviours, which will better inform community leaders, services providers, and policy makers in addressing the digital impacts and influences that Pacific people may be facing in Aotearoa/NZ.
{"title":"Digital Vā: Pacific Perspectives on the Shift from ‘Ordinary Practices’ to ‘Extraordinary Spaces’ During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Aotearoa/New Zealand","authors":"E. Fehoko, D. Fa’avae, Arcia Tecun, S. Siu’ulua","doi":"10.1080/00664677.2023.2172549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2023.2172549","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The emergence of the COVID-19 virus has significantly shifted the lives of Pacific families and communities from face-to-face communal settings to digital spaces. While there has been a multitude of opportunities for Pacific people to express themselves in digital spaces, little is known about the impacts of this on social life, including on quality time within families, exposure to misinformation, and the adoption of online addictive behaviours. This article sets out to critically review and explore the impacts and influences of digital experiences and behaviours on Pacific peoples in Aotearoa/New Zealand, shifting from ordinary practices such as church, kava-drinking and educational learning, to online platforms. Vā (space) and tauhi vā (nurturing relationships) are also discussed as theoretical concepts in navigating the shift from ordinary practices to extraordinary spaces. Findings include the exposure to COVID-19-related misinformation and online addictive behaviours, which will better inform community leaders, services providers, and policy makers in addressing the digital impacts and influences that Pacific people may be facing in Aotearoa/NZ.","PeriodicalId":45505,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Forum","volume":"23 1","pages":"307 - 324"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78174231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2022.2117943
D. Lipset
{"title":"Engaging Environments in Tonga: Cultivating Beauty and Nurturing Relations in a Changing World","authors":"D. Lipset","doi":"10.1080/00664677.2022.2117943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2022.2117943","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45505,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Forum","volume":"1 1","pages":"371 - 372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76676148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2022.2113501
J. Spray
ABSTRACT Children growing up during the COVID-19 pandemic have seen unprecedented restructuring of their childhoods through lockdowns, virtual schooling and other public health measures. Theories of biographical disruption developed from individual experiences of life-altering diagnoses predict that unforeseen events such as the pandemic will restructure individual perceptions of their future life narrative. Such theories have been developed from adult experiences, however, with scholars suggesting that normalcy may be more salient to children’s experience of chronic illness. Children’s experiences might be expected to vary from those of adults’ due to their different structural position and younger life history which shifts children’s perceptions of temporality, normalcy and disruption. Empirical evidence from young people with chronic illness, meanwhile, describes diverse experiences of continuity and disruption, while the rhythms and interruptions of childhood chronic illness remain without an adequate explanatory framework. Aotearoa New Zealand’s zero-COVID approach presents a unique opportunity to understand children’s perceptions of disruption and continuity. I worked with 26 children aged 7–11 living in diverse locations in Auckland, developing a comic-based method to elicit children’s perspectives and co-construct narratives over virtual or in-person research visits. Juxtaposed with caregiver experiences and paediatric asthma research, I analyse children’s perspectives to suggest how children differently make sense of and accommodate crisis events. I argue that moving beyond biographical disruption to address the bio-psycho-social factors producing diverse ruptures, discontinuities and interferences will more completely represent children’s experiences of chronic illness and life crises.
{"title":"Disruption in Bio-Psycho-Social Context: Children’s Perceptions of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Aotearoa New Zealand","authors":"J. Spray","doi":"10.1080/00664677.2022.2113501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2022.2113501","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Children growing up during the COVID-19 pandemic have seen unprecedented restructuring of their childhoods through lockdowns, virtual schooling and other public health measures. Theories of biographical disruption developed from individual experiences of life-altering diagnoses predict that unforeseen events such as the pandemic will restructure individual perceptions of their future life narrative. Such theories have been developed from adult experiences, however, with scholars suggesting that normalcy may be more salient to children’s experience of chronic illness. Children’s experiences might be expected to vary from those of adults’ due to their different structural position and younger life history which shifts children’s perceptions of temporality, normalcy and disruption. Empirical evidence from young people with chronic illness, meanwhile, describes diverse experiences of continuity and disruption, while the rhythms and interruptions of childhood chronic illness remain without an adequate explanatory framework. Aotearoa New Zealand’s zero-COVID approach presents a unique opportunity to understand children’s perceptions of disruption and continuity. I worked with 26 children aged 7–11 living in diverse locations in Auckland, developing a comic-based method to elicit children’s perspectives and co-construct narratives over virtual or in-person research visits. Juxtaposed with caregiver experiences and paediatric asthma research, I analyse children’s perspectives to suggest how children differently make sense of and accommodate crisis events. I argue that moving beyond biographical disruption to address the bio-psycho-social factors producing diverse ruptures, discontinuities and interferences will more completely represent children’s experiences of chronic illness and life crises.","PeriodicalId":45505,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Forum","volume":"14 1","pages":"325 - 350"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84258907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2022.2138046
Stephanie Yingyi Wang
{"title":"Dreadful Desires: The Uses of Love in Neoliberal China","authors":"Stephanie Yingyi Wang","doi":"10.1080/00664677.2022.2138046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2022.2138046","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45505,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Forum","volume":"45 1","pages":"373 - 375"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86852064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2023.2169250
N. Long, Amanda M Hunter, N. S. Appleton, S. Davies, A. Deckert, R. Sterling, L. Tunufa’i, Pounamu Jade Aikman, E. Fehoko, E. Holroyd, N. Jivraj, M. Laws, N. Martin-Anatias, Reegan Pukepuke, Michael Roguski, N. Simpson, S. Trnka
ABSTRACT This article explores some of the ways in which the COVID-19 pandemic has served as a collective critical event for anthropologists and other social scientists, examining how it has promoted new configurations of the research imagination. We draw on our own experiences of participating in a team of 17 researchers, hailing from anthropology and anthropology-adjacent disciplines, to research social life in Aotearoa/New Zealand during the pandemic, examining how our own research imaginations were transformed during, and via, the process of our collaboration. When our project first began, many of us had doubts reflective of norms, prejudices and anxieties that are common in our disciplines: that the group would be too large to function effectively, or that it would be impossible to develop an approach to authorship that would allow everyone to feel their contributions had been adequately recognised. In practice, the large group size was a key strength in allowing our group to work effectively. Difficulties with authorship did not arise from within the group but from disconnects between our preferred ways of working and the ways authorship was imagined within various professional and publishing bodies. We conclude that large-scale collaborations have many points in their favour, and that the research imaginations of funders, journals, universities and professional associations should be broadened to ensure that they are encouraged, supported and adequately rewarded.
{"title":"The Research Imagination During COVID-19: Rethinking Norms of Group Size and Authorship in Anthropological and Anthropology-Adjacent Collaborations","authors":"N. Long, Amanda M Hunter, N. S. Appleton, S. Davies, A. Deckert, R. Sterling, L. Tunufa’i, Pounamu Jade Aikman, E. Fehoko, E. Holroyd, N. Jivraj, M. Laws, N. Martin-Anatias, Reegan Pukepuke, Michael Roguski, N. Simpson, S. Trnka","doi":"10.1080/00664677.2023.2169250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2023.2169250","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article explores some of the ways in which the COVID-19 pandemic has served as a collective critical event for anthropologists and other social scientists, examining how it has promoted new configurations of the research imagination. We draw on our own experiences of participating in a team of 17 researchers, hailing from anthropology and anthropology-adjacent disciplines, to research social life in Aotearoa/New Zealand during the pandemic, examining how our own research imaginations were transformed during, and via, the process of our collaboration. When our project first began, many of us had doubts reflective of norms, prejudices and anxieties that are common in our disciplines: that the group would be too large to function effectively, or that it would be impossible to develop an approach to authorship that would allow everyone to feel their contributions had been adequately recognised. In practice, the large group size was a key strength in allowing our group to work effectively. Difficulties with authorship did not arise from within the group but from disconnects between our preferred ways of working and the ways authorship was imagined within various professional and publishing bodies. We conclude that large-scale collaborations have many points in their favour, and that the research imaginations of funders, journals, universities and professional associations should be broadened to ensure that they are encouraged, supported and adequately rewarded.","PeriodicalId":45505,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Forum","volume":"46 1","pages":"351 - 370"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88527604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2022.2103517
Courtney Addison, J. Horan
ABSTRACT At higher risk of both contracting COVID-19, and suffering ill effects from it, older people have figured prominently in accounts of the pandemic. In Aotearoa, government messaging enjoined the population to protect older people, who became the implicit subjects of the widely shared appeal to ‘stay home, save lives’. Drawing on interviews with 35 people aged 62 and older, we explore how older New Zealanders imagined their own risk, resilience, and relationships – and in doing so their membership in the imagined community of this island nation. While some of our participants did feel vulnerable to COVID-19 and adjusted their lifestyles accordingly, others felt strong and healthy even as they acknowledged that age was a risk factor that theoretically applied to them. Furthermore, many of the people we spoke to expressed concern for other members of society, asserting a form of agency through solidarity and recognition that went unacknowledged in the dominant social discourse about what it meant to be old in the context of COVID-19. Through these reflections, participants often directly considered how old age figured in political messaging around the pandemic, in some cases feeling cared for and recognised and in others feeling as if age itself had become a political tool. We argue that ‘older’ New Zealanders are a more diverse group than was acknowledged at the time and also a more agentive one, playing a critical contributing role in the pandemic response rather than merely acting as a rationale for public health measures.
{"title":"Elder Agency: How Older New Zealanders Played Their Part in Aotearoa New Zealand’s COVID-19 Response","authors":"Courtney Addison, J. Horan","doi":"10.1080/00664677.2022.2103517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2022.2103517","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT At higher risk of both contracting COVID-19, and suffering ill effects from it, older people have figured prominently in accounts of the pandemic. In Aotearoa, government messaging enjoined the population to protect older people, who became the implicit subjects of the widely shared appeal to ‘stay home, save lives’. Drawing on interviews with 35 people aged 62 and older, we explore how older New Zealanders imagined their own risk, resilience, and relationships – and in doing so their membership in the imagined community of this island nation. While some of our participants did feel vulnerable to COVID-19 and adjusted their lifestyles accordingly, others felt strong and healthy even as they acknowledged that age was a risk factor that theoretically applied to them. Furthermore, many of the people we spoke to expressed concern for other members of society, asserting a form of agency through solidarity and recognition that went unacknowledged in the dominant social discourse about what it meant to be old in the context of COVID-19. Through these reflections, participants often directly considered how old age figured in political messaging around the pandemic, in some cases feeling cared for and recognised and in others feeling as if age itself had become a political tool. We argue that ‘older’ New Zealanders are a more diverse group than was acknowledged at the time and also a more agentive one, playing a critical contributing role in the pandemic response rather than merely acting as a rationale for public health measures.","PeriodicalId":45505,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Forum","volume":"34 1","pages":"287 - 305"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74043067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2022.2113500
Heather T. Battles, B. Sanders
ABSTRACT During the COVID-19 pandemic to date, particular histories have come to serve as touchstones for the pandemic experience. The specific form this historical imagination takes can be significant as it is likely to shape people’s understandings and responses to the pandemic with consequences for official policy, community action and public behaviour. This research examines this imaginative space in Aotearoa/New Zealand’s public media during COVID-19, asking what past epidemics have been invoked and how. We conducted a content and thematic analysis of media stories in Aotearoa/NZ from February 2020 to December 2021. This analysis reveals how historical experiences are made meaningful in the context of the present crisis, and how the COVID-19 pandemic has prompted New Zealanders to look back on their histories for lessons and cautionary tales as they imagine possible futures. While the 1918 flu was the most frequent touchstone in both years, the focus of the stories changed, reflecting changes in public health policies. In 2020, the stories mirrored the major public health measures enacted by the government, namely isolation and quarantine requirements and lockdowns. They focused on anchoring the present in past experiences, collectively framing the ‘extraordinary’ as something more ‘ordinary’ and thus helping people to cope with the new crisis. In 2021, the focus on Māori populations increased, reflecting the emerging disparities in vaccination rates, as did explicit messaging encouraging vaccination. The sense of urgency grew, with the past providing impetus for present action, to bring about—or avert—particular imagined futures.
{"title":"Historical Touchstones and Imagined Futures During COVID-19 in Aotearoa/New Zealand","authors":"Heather T. Battles, B. Sanders","doi":"10.1080/00664677.2022.2113500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2022.2113500","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT During the COVID-19 pandemic to date, particular histories have come to serve as touchstones for the pandemic experience. The specific form this historical imagination takes can be significant as it is likely to shape people’s understandings and responses to the pandemic with consequences for official policy, community action and public behaviour. This research examines this imaginative space in Aotearoa/New Zealand’s public media during COVID-19, asking what past epidemics have been invoked and how. We conducted a content and thematic analysis of media stories in Aotearoa/NZ from February 2020 to December 2021. This analysis reveals how historical experiences are made meaningful in the context of the present crisis, and how the COVID-19 pandemic has prompted New Zealanders to look back on their histories for lessons and cautionary tales as they imagine possible futures. While the 1918 flu was the most frequent touchstone in both years, the focus of the stories changed, reflecting changes in public health policies. In 2020, the stories mirrored the major public health measures enacted by the government, namely isolation and quarantine requirements and lockdowns. They focused on anchoring the present in past experiences, collectively framing the ‘extraordinary’ as something more ‘ordinary’ and thus helping people to cope with the new crisis. In 2021, the focus on Māori populations increased, reflecting the emerging disparities in vaccination rates, as did explicit messaging encouraging vaccination. The sense of urgency grew, with the past providing impetus for present action, to bring about—or avert—particular imagined futures.","PeriodicalId":45505,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Forum","volume":"104 1","pages":"253 - 265"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76700066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2022.2125366
S. Trnka
ABSTRACT Shifting public imaginaries have played a vital role in shaping government and citizen responses to COVID-19 in Aotearoa/New Zealand. During the nation’s first COVID-19 lockdown, the general public expressed support, and at times even enthusiasm, for strict measures put in place to curb the spread of the virus. Less than a year later, what had begun as a nationalistic rallying cry to ‘unite together’ and ‘be kind’ while ‘combatting COVID-19’ took on more sinister tones through government-sponsored moral panic, including the blaming and shaming of those who did not or could not uphold COVID-19 regulations. At the same time, growing dissent, particularly by those protesting COVID-19 vaccine mandates, steadily chipped away at government-promoted images of national solidarity. By early 2022, with the spread of omicron, the government stepped away from attempting to eradicate the virus and jettisoned its collectivist message, highlighting instead each New Zealander’s ‘personal responsibility’ to try and stay well. This article traces how citizen-State relations have been reimagined in Aotearoa/NZ over the first two years of the pandemic, the effects of various pubic- and government-supported moral imaginaries in enabling the government to exercise ‘extra-ordinary’ powers, and the power and fragility of national consensus-building in the midst of crisis. I suggest how examining the pandemic and pandemic responses as a ‘collective critical event’ enables us to trace not only how it altered citizens’ visions of the State, but their active engagements in reconfiguring and reimagining various states of social, economic, and cultural life.
{"title":"States Reimagined: COVID-19, the Ordinary, and Extraordinary in Aotearoa/New Zealand","authors":"S. Trnka","doi":"10.1080/00664677.2022.2125366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2022.2125366","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Shifting public imaginaries have played a vital role in shaping government and citizen responses to COVID-19 in Aotearoa/New Zealand. During the nation’s first COVID-19 lockdown, the general public expressed support, and at times even enthusiasm, for strict measures put in place to curb the spread of the virus. Less than a year later, what had begun as a nationalistic rallying cry to ‘unite together’ and ‘be kind’ while ‘combatting COVID-19’ took on more sinister tones through government-sponsored moral panic, including the blaming and shaming of those who did not or could not uphold COVID-19 regulations. At the same time, growing dissent, particularly by those protesting COVID-19 vaccine mandates, steadily chipped away at government-promoted images of national solidarity. By early 2022, with the spread of omicron, the government stepped away from attempting to eradicate the virus and jettisoned its collectivist message, highlighting instead each New Zealander’s ‘personal responsibility’ to try and stay well. This article traces how citizen-State relations have been reimagined in Aotearoa/NZ over the first two years of the pandemic, the effects of various pubic- and government-supported moral imaginaries in enabling the government to exercise ‘extra-ordinary’ powers, and the power and fragility of national consensus-building in the midst of crisis. I suggest how examining the pandemic and pandemic responses as a ‘collective critical event’ enables us to trace not only how it altered citizens’ visions of the State, but their active engagements in reconfiguring and reimagining various states of social, economic, and cultural life.","PeriodicalId":45505,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Forum","volume":"27 1","pages":"207 - 233"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90933481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2022.2122933
Miriama Aoake
ABSTRACT In 2020, the nationwide lockdown in Aotearoa/New Zealand offered a rare opportunity to re-configure power relations between Māori and the state. These extraordinary circumstances constituted an opportunity to direct an expansion of state power towards re-imagining inequitable outcomes for Māori. Across myriad fora, whānau [extended family] communicated their sustained desire for utu [reciprocity] in the relationship with the Crown; the recognition of our right to exercise tino rangatiratanga [absolute sovereignty] in the co-ordination and delivery of a distinct response to COVID-19. Survey data demonstrates an ongoing commitment from Māori to work towards a more socially cohesive future, one that prioritises care for those made vulnerable, protects te taiao [the environment], and one that shifts away from capitalism, individualism and greed [Houkamau, C., K. Dell, J. Newth, J. P. Mita, C. Sibley, T. Keelan, and T. Dunn. 2021. The Wellbeing of Māori Pre and Post Covid-19 Lockdown in Aotearoa/New Zealand. Auckland: Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga; University of Auckland.]. This momentum, real or perceived, soon waned. The ordinary realities Māori endured pre-pandemic have continued. Simultaneously however, Māori cling to mokopunatanga – a commitment to ensuring successive generations will flourish. Imagination is therefore not a thought exercise, but a set of deliberate, consistent desires in ‘pursuit of the possible’ [Tuhiwai Smith, L. 2018. “In Pursuit of the Possible: Indigenous Well-being (website).” http://mediacentre.maramatanga.ac.nz/content/pursuit-possible-indigenous-well-being, accessed 19 March, 2022]. In this article, I trace the desires of the Māori social imaginaries in practice through the state’s management of COVID-19. I argue that the state’s response failed to meet the urgent, everyday needs of Māori, a decision which has haemorrhaged beyond Māori communities into the national sphere. Using two case studies, I examine the broader social costs of squandering an extraordinary opportunity to re-imagine the ordinary, inequitable realities Māori endure.
2020年，新西兰奥特罗阿的全国封锁为重新配置Māori与国家之间的权力关系提供了难得的机会。这些特殊情况构成了一个机会，可以引导国家权力的扩张，重新设想Māori的不公平结果。通过无数的论坛，whānau[大家庭]传达了他们对与王室关系中互惠互利的持续渴望;承认我们有权在协调和提供独特的COVID-19应对措施方面行使绝对主权。调查数据表明，Māori正在致力于建设一个更具社会凝聚力的未来，一个优先照顾弱势群体、保护环境、远离资本主义、个人主义和贪婪的未来[Houkamau, C.， K. Dell, J. Newth, J. P. Mita, C. Sibley, T. Keelan和T. Dunn. 2021]。新冠肺炎疫情前和后新西兰奥特罗阿封锁的健康状况Māori奥克兰:Ngā Pae o the Māramatanga;奥克兰大学。这种势头，无论是真实的还是感知的，很快就减弱了。大流行前经历过的普通现实Māori仍在继续。与此同时，Māori坚持mokopunatanga——确保后代繁荣昌盛的承诺。因此，想象不是一种思维练习，而是一组经过深思熟虑的、一致的“追求可能”的欲望[图希瓦伊·史密斯，L. 2018]。“追求可能:原住民的福祉”(网站)。[http://mediacentre.maramatanga.ac.nz/content/pursuit-possible-indigenous-well-being，访问日期为2022年3月19日]。在这篇文章中，我通过国家对COVID-19的管理来追踪Māori社会想象者在实践中的欲望。我认为，国家的反应未能满足Māori的紧急日常需求，这一决定已经从Māori社区蔓延到国家领域。通过两个案例研究，我考察了浪费一个非凡的机会来重新想象Māori忍受的普通、不公平的现实所带来的更广泛的社会成本。
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