Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2021.1875197
Anu Lounela
ABSTRACT This article explores how changing environmental conditions and practices connect with shifting forms and valuations of sociality in a Ngaju Dayak village in the radically transformed peatlands of southern Borneo. It proposes that the production of values and social relations is indivisible from the production of a livelihood through material means and dwelling in the local environment. The article describes how changing Ngaju orientations to social life and the riverscape have been interlinked with fluctuations in the local valuescape. The focus is on two distinct but overlapping forms of organising sociality and labour in the riverine environment, and how they have influenced and been influenced by the dialectically conjoined Ngaju values of solidarity and autonomy, and, more recently, by emerging economic value. It is argued that the valuation of sociality crucially reflects the changing valuation of land and nature and related politics of value within the local riverscape. Finally, the article shows that the radically transformed riverine environment sets limits on (imagining) environmental practices, forms of sociality, and how they are valued.
{"title":"Shifting Valuations of Sociality and the Riverine Environment in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia","authors":"Anu Lounela","doi":"10.1080/00664677.2021.1875197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2021.1875197","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article explores how changing environmental conditions and practices connect with shifting forms and valuations of sociality in a Ngaju Dayak village in the radically transformed peatlands of southern Borneo. It proposes that the production of values and social relations is indivisible from the production of a livelihood through material means and dwelling in the local environment. The article describes how changing Ngaju orientations to social life and the riverscape have been interlinked with fluctuations in the local valuescape. The focus is on two distinct but overlapping forms of organising sociality and labour in the riverine environment, and how they have influenced and been influenced by the dialectically conjoined Ngaju values of solidarity and autonomy, and, more recently, by emerging economic value. It is argued that the valuation of sociality crucially reflects the changing valuation of land and nature and related politics of value within the local riverscape. Finally, the article shows that the radically transformed riverine environment sets limits on (imagining) environmental practices, forms of sociality, and how they are valued.","PeriodicalId":45505,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Forum","volume":"56 1","pages":"34 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84604844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2020.1861538
Ian Keen
ABSTRACT Bruce Pascoe's book Dark Emu, which has been a publishing phenomenon in Australia, argues that Aboriginal people were not ‘mere’ hunter-gatherers in 1788, but were farming. This article sets the argument of the book within the context of the views of archaeologists and anthropologists, as well as other historians, about Aboriginal agriculture. Some have argued that Aboriginal people were hunter-gatherers and asked why they did not adopt agriculture, while others have suggested that at least some groups were practicing farming. The article finds that while the boundary between foraging and farming is a fuzzy one, Aboriginal people were indeed hunters, gatherers and fishers at the time of the British colonisation of Australia.
{"title":"Foragers or Farmers: Dark Emu and the Controversy over Aboriginal Agriculture","authors":"Ian Keen","doi":"10.1080/00664677.2020.1861538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2020.1861538","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Bruce Pascoe's book Dark Emu, which has been a publishing phenomenon in Australia, argues that Aboriginal people were not ‘mere’ hunter-gatherers in 1788, but were farming. This article sets the argument of the book within the context of the views of archaeologists and anthropologists, as well as other historians, about Aboriginal agriculture. Some have argued that Aboriginal people were hunter-gatherers and asked why they did not adopt agriculture, while others have suggested that at least some groups were practicing farming. The article finds that while the boundary between foraging and farming is a fuzzy one, Aboriginal people were indeed hunters, gatherers and fishers at the time of the British colonisation of Australia.","PeriodicalId":45505,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Forum","volume":"305 1","pages":"106 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75289060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2021.1875196
Jon Henrik Ziegler Remme
ABSTRACT What can we learn about values and how they shape sociality by looking at a murder? In this article, I look closer at the different and conflicting values involved in the social events leading up to an accidental killing of an outside visitor to a village in the northern highlands of the Philippines. I examine how these values were inherently instable and how this instability contributed to the precarious unfolding of sociality that took place before, during and after the murder. I situate the murder within a dynamic sociality that includes both humans and spirits and which operates as a continuously shifting form of relational configurations. This sociality, I argue, is given shape, although not necessarily order, by context-specific heterogeneous actualisations of values, including tradition and autonomy. Against claims that values exist most forcefully and tangibly in social life when they are realised in full, I argue that events such as the murder case, show us that values shape sociality just as forcefully, if not more, when they are actualised in practice and then run up against other differently actualised values.
{"title":"The Instability of Values: Tradition, Autonomy and the Dynamics of Sociality in the Philippine Highlands","authors":"Jon Henrik Ziegler Remme","doi":"10.1080/00664677.2021.1875196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2021.1875196","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT What can we learn about values and how they shape sociality by looking at a murder? In this article, I look closer at the different and conflicting values involved in the social events leading up to an accidental killing of an outside visitor to a village in the northern highlands of the Philippines. I examine how these values were inherently instable and how this instability contributed to the precarious unfolding of sociality that took place before, during and after the murder. I situate the murder within a dynamic sociality that includes both humans and spirits and which operates as a continuously shifting form of relational configurations. This sociality, I argue, is given shape, although not necessarily order, by context-specific heterogeneous actualisations of values, including tradition and autonomy. Against claims that values exist most forcefully and tangibly in social life when they are realised in full, I argue that events such as the murder case, show us that values shape sociality just as forcefully, if not more, when they are actualised in practice and then run up against other differently actualised values.","PeriodicalId":45505,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Forum","volume":"21 1","pages":"64 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72637928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2021.1886903
Isabell Herrmans
ABSTRACT This article uses a myth of the Luangans of Indonesian Borneo to reflect upon the value of sociality and its role in promoting well-being in their healing rituals. In these rituals, sociality with nonhuman beings and between participants is crucial, yet insufficient for, and sometimes at odds with, success. The article describes the multiple modes and valences of this ritual sociality, and how it is fundamentally predicated on a ‘conditional ontology’ of not-knowing and qualified by human finitude. An inherent risk of ‘reversibility’ of ritual sociality propagates constant efforts and cautionary measures, such as recurrent dramatised ritual acts of ‘undoing and redoing’, to counter the inevitable uncertainty of ritual outcomes.
{"title":"Ritual Sociality and the Limits of Shamanic Efficacy among the Luangans of Indonesian Borneo","authors":"Isabell Herrmans","doi":"10.1080/00664677.2021.1886903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2021.1886903","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article uses a myth of the Luangans of Indonesian Borneo to reflect upon the value of sociality and its role in promoting well-being in their healing rituals. In these rituals, sociality with nonhuman beings and between participants is crucial, yet insufficient for, and sometimes at odds with, success. The article describes the multiple modes and valences of this ritual sociality, and how it is fundamentally predicated on a ‘conditional ontology’ of not-knowing and qualified by human finitude. An inherent risk of ‘reversibility’ of ritual sociality propagates constant efforts and cautionary measures, such as recurrent dramatised ritual acts of ‘undoing and redoing’, to counter the inevitable uncertainty of ritual outcomes.","PeriodicalId":45505,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Forum","volume":"116 1","pages":"49 - 63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76725219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2021.1865873
Sally Anderson
ABSTRACT While much theoretical work on value takes point of departure in what adults presumably value, this chapter addresses the valuing work children do. Articulating ideals of ‘being social’ and ‘being oneself’ as good forms of personhood, Danish teachers oblige children to enact a good form of ‘being together as a class’, a sociability considered vital to democratic society. Drawing on discussions of value exemplarity, I suggest that Danish school classes may be viewed from an adult perspective as exemplars representing, and to some extent realising, a high-sung value of egalitarian community. For children tasked with living out an idealised social form, the class is a limited social field, one they ‘value’ through myriad small valuing acts lodged in the sociable give and take of everyday class activity. The verb form is crucial here for exploring, not how children take on adult values, but rather what comes to matter to children as they, inescapably themselves, navigate the ‘class’ as an imposed social field and highly valued form of sociability.
{"title":"Fashioning a Mind of One’s Own in the Good Company of Others","authors":"Sally Anderson","doi":"10.1080/00664677.2021.1865873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2021.1865873","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT While much theoretical work on value takes point of departure in what adults presumably value, this chapter addresses the valuing work children do. Articulating ideals of ‘being social’ and ‘being oneself’ as good forms of personhood, Danish teachers oblige children to enact a good form of ‘being together as a class’, a sociability considered vital to democratic society. Drawing on discussions of value exemplarity, I suggest that Danish school classes may be viewed from an adult perspective as exemplars representing, and to some extent realising, a high-sung value of egalitarian community. For children tasked with living out an idealised social form, the class is a limited social field, one they ‘value’ through myriad small valuing acts lodged in the sociable give and take of everyday class activity. The verb form is crucial here for exploring, not how children take on adult values, but rather what comes to matter to children as they, inescapably themselves, navigate the ‘class’ as an imposed social field and highly valued form of sociability.","PeriodicalId":45505,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Forum","volume":"15 1","pages":"19 - 33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74096538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2020.1864576
Knut M. Rio
{"title":"Monster Anthropology: Ethnographic Explorations of Transforming Social Worlds Through Monsters","authors":"Knut M. Rio","doi":"10.1080/00664677.2020.1864576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2020.1864576","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45505,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Forum","volume":"3 1","pages":"215 - 217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88566047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-11DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2020.1851924
Siti Sarah Ridhuan
{"title":"Ceremony Men: Making Ethnography and the Return of the Strehlow Collection","authors":"Siti Sarah Ridhuan","doi":"10.1080/00664677.2020.1851924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2020.1851924","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45505,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Forum","volume":"936 1","pages":"213 - 215"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77566207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2020.1850421
Holly High
ABSTRACT Palang is a word used in an ethnic Kantu village in Sekong Province, Lao PDR meaning people of a broadly white appearance. It is similar, in sound and semantic range, to words found in many Asia Pacific languages of indicating the West, Westerners, and things originating in the West. The Kantu palang is furthermore linked to other categories of human difference, including ethnicity, possession, sorcery, witchcraft and the dead. Health and a good life are understood as requiring judicious incorporation of difference, but the power of difference is understood as ambivalent and difference is thus also potentially dangerous. Often, difference is understood in terms of material things, the position of these things inside or outside (of bodies, the village, the region), and their resulting capacity to heal or harm. This materiality troubles any easy classification of these concerns as mimetic, suggesting instead a distinct outlook on difference.
{"title":"A Palang Among the Kantu: Or, Difference is a Medicine","authors":"Holly High","doi":"10.1080/00664677.2020.1850421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2020.1850421","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Palang is a word used in an ethnic Kantu village in Sekong Province, Lao PDR meaning people of a broadly white appearance. It is similar, in sound and semantic range, to words found in many Asia Pacific languages of indicating the West, Westerners, and things originating in the West. The Kantu palang is furthermore linked to other categories of human difference, including ethnicity, possession, sorcery, witchcraft and the dead. Health and a good life are understood as requiring judicious incorporation of difference, but the power of difference is understood as ambivalent and difference is thus also potentially dangerous. Often, difference is understood in terms of material things, the position of these things inside or outside (of bodies, the village, the region), and their resulting capacity to heal or harm. This materiality troubles any easy classification of these concerns as mimetic, suggesting instead a distinct outlook on difference.","PeriodicalId":45505,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Forum","volume":"6 1","pages":"341 - 359"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90517547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2020.1850422
Hannah Bulloch, W. Fogarty
ABSTRACT While there is much scholarship deconstructing ‘mainstream’ Australian perceptions of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, there has been little attention to how Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples perceive non-Indigenous Australians. Yet such perceptions are telling of cultural difference and the circulation of power in a neo-colonial state. In this paper, we focus on Bininj/Yol people in and around the remote town of Maningrida in the Northern Territory, where the term ‘Balanda’ denotes non-Indigenous Australians, particularly of European descent. Exploring themes of work, time, material accumulation, and Country, we ask how Bininj/Yol people construct Balanda; how their understandings of Balanda shape their understandings of Self and vice versa; and how their constructions of Self are refracted through Balanda discourses about Aboriginality. Bininj/Yol portraits of Balanda are seldom flattering and frequently serve as a counterpoint to local Aboriginal ideals of Self. Balanda seem bafflingly deficient in traits proper and natural: they flout appropriate relations with other people, land and cosmos, and appear obsessed with work, clock time, rules, and material accumulation. Drawing on the concept of the gaze as a force that both objectifies and subjects, we then consider the influence of asymmetric ‘looking relations’ on local Aboriginal senses of Self. This was especially apparent during the Northern Territory ‘Intervention’ when the people of the Maningrida region suddenly saw themselves through Balanda eyes, and beheld a shockingly different image than the one they held of themselves.
{"title":"Alterity and the Asymmetric Gaze: Aboriginal Constructions of Self and Other in Northwest Arnhem Land","authors":"Hannah Bulloch, W. Fogarty","doi":"10.1080/00664677.2020.1850422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2020.1850422","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT While there is much scholarship deconstructing ‘mainstream’ Australian perceptions of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, there has been little attention to how Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples perceive non-Indigenous Australians. Yet such perceptions are telling of cultural difference and the circulation of power in a neo-colonial state. In this paper, we focus on Bininj/Yol people in and around the remote town of Maningrida in the Northern Territory, where the term ‘Balanda’ denotes non-Indigenous Australians, particularly of European descent. Exploring themes of work, time, material accumulation, and Country, we ask how Bininj/Yol people construct Balanda; how their understandings of Balanda shape their understandings of Self and vice versa; and how their constructions of Self are refracted through Balanda discourses about Aboriginality. Bininj/Yol portraits of Balanda are seldom flattering and frequently serve as a counterpoint to local Aboriginal ideals of Self. Balanda seem bafflingly deficient in traits proper and natural: they flout appropriate relations with other people, land and cosmos, and appear obsessed with work, clock time, rules, and material accumulation. Drawing on the concept of the gaze as a force that both objectifies and subjects, we then consider the influence of asymmetric ‘looking relations’ on local Aboriginal senses of Self. This was especially apparent during the Northern Territory ‘Intervention’ when the people of the Maningrida region suddenly saw themselves through Balanda eyes, and beheld a shockingly different image than the one they held of themselves.","PeriodicalId":45505,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Forum","volume":"13 1","pages":"398 - 418"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84783226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.1080/00664677.2020.1846497
R. Eves
ABSTRACT Through a study of love magic, this paper examines the ways in which sexual desire is culturally mediated among the Lelet of New Ireland, Papua New Guinea. The Lelet regulate sexuality heavily through what Foucault refers to as ‘prescriptive discourses’ which severely constrain expressions of sexuality, especially for women, who are construed as properly lacking sexual desire. While women are readily the object of men’s desire, men are not readily the object of women’s desire. Despite passionlessness being the ideal for women, men turn to love magic as a means of cultivating sexual desire in them.
{"title":"Engendering Sexual Desire: Love Magic, Sexuality and Agency in Papua New Guinea","authors":"R. Eves","doi":"10.1080/00664677.2020.1846497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2020.1846497","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Through a study of love magic, this paper examines the ways in which sexual desire is culturally mediated among the Lelet of New Ireland, Papua New Guinea. The Lelet regulate sexuality heavily through what Foucault refers to as ‘prescriptive discourses’ which severely constrain expressions of sexuality, especially for women, who are construed as properly lacking sexual desire. While women are readily the object of men’s desire, men are not readily the object of women’s desire. Despite passionlessness being the ideal for women, men turn to love magic as a means of cultivating sexual desire in them.","PeriodicalId":45505,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Forum","volume":"225 1","pages":"426 - 442"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77698807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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