Pub Date : 2023-06-14DOI: 10.36386/sajrsper.v45i1.231
Elif Aksu, T. Colak, H. Selekler, Enis Çolak, S. Mulayim, Murat Son, B. Bamaç, Serap Çolak
This study aimed to compare neuronal function in the lower limbs of elite footballers and an age-matched control group. Conduction velocity, response latency and amplitude following electrical stimulation were investigated. Thirty male football players and 30 untrained males comprised the subject and control groups, respectively. We showed that professional football players have significantly slower sural nerve conduction velocity than untrained controls (p<0.05). Although we found no signs of neuropathy, mild changes in nerve conduction velocity were evident in the sural nerve of the players. Motor conduction velocity of tibial nerve was also significantly prolonged in this group when comparing dominant and non-dominant extremities (p<0.05). The tibial nerve muscle action potential amplitude was lower in the players’ dominant limbs compared with the controls (p<0.05). We found no statistical difference in motor conduction velocities, distal latencies and amplitudes of the common peroneal nerve when comparing players and controls in both dominant and non-dominant limbs (p>0.05). Our results showed abnormalities of function in the sural and tibial nerves in football players compared with untrained controls, which may indicate early signs of neuropathy.
{"title":"Comparison of nerve conduction velocities of lower extremities between football players and controls","authors":"Elif Aksu, T. Colak, H. Selekler, Enis Çolak, S. Mulayim, Murat Son, B. Bamaç, Serap Çolak","doi":"10.36386/sajrsper.v45i1.231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36386/sajrsper.v45i1.231","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to compare neuronal function in the lower limbs of elite footballers and an age-matched control group. Conduction velocity, response latency and amplitude following electrical stimulation were investigated. Thirty male football players and 30 untrained males comprised the subject and control groups, respectively. We showed that professional football players have significantly slower sural nerve conduction velocity than untrained controls (p<0.05). Although we found no signs of neuropathy, mild changes in nerve conduction velocity were evident in the sural nerve of the players. Motor conduction velocity of tibial nerve was also significantly prolonged in this group when comparing dominant and non-dominant extremities (p<0.05). The tibial nerve muscle action potential amplitude was lower in the players’ dominant limbs compared with the controls (p<0.05). We found no statistical difference in motor conduction velocities, distal latencies and amplitudes of the common peroneal nerve when comparing players and controls in both dominant and non-dominant limbs (p>0.05). Our results showed abnormalities of function in the sural and tibial nerves in football players compared with untrained controls, which may indicate early signs of neuropathy.","PeriodicalId":45543,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal for Research in Sport Physical Education and Recreation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86818503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-14DOI: 10.36386/sajrsper.v45i1.102
K. S. Boya, P. Venter
Strategic planning has become indispensable for organisations that seek to develop and grow, and grassroots football clubs are no exception. As large amounts of money are invested in football clubs, these entities may be prone to substantial financial risk if resources are not effectively deployed, underlining the importance of strategic planning and management. Against this background, this qualitative study explored the strategic planning processes of grassroots football clubs in Gauteng Province, South Africa. Interviews were conducted with representatives of 12 football clubs affiliated with the South African Football Association, and data were analysed thematically. The findings suggest that grassroots football clubs are like not-for-profit community organisations in their strategic planning approach (or lack thereof). Grassroots football clubs still have much to do in developing their strategic planning capabilities to create value and enhance the sustainability of football.
{"title":"Strategic planning in Gauteng grassroots football clubs","authors":"K. S. Boya, P. Venter","doi":"10.36386/sajrsper.v45i1.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36386/sajrsper.v45i1.102","url":null,"abstract":"Strategic planning has become indispensable for organisations that seek to develop and grow, and grassroots football clubs are no exception. As large amounts of money are invested in football clubs, these entities may be prone to substantial financial risk if resources are not effectively deployed, underlining the importance of strategic planning and management. Against this background, this qualitative study explored the strategic planning processes of grassroots football clubs in Gauteng Province, South Africa. Interviews were conducted with representatives of 12 football clubs affiliated with the South African Football Association, and data were analysed thematically. The findings suggest that grassroots football clubs are like not-for-profit community organisations in their strategic planning approach (or lack thereof). Grassroots football clubs still have much to do in developing their strategic planning capabilities to create value and enhance the sustainability of football.","PeriodicalId":45543,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal for Research in Sport Physical Education and Recreation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74278972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-12DOI: 10.36386/sajrsper.v44i2.154
Odelia van Stryp, Eileen Africa, M. Duncan
Physical fitness and weight in young children are important indicators of health status. Literature has shown that fatness and physical fitness are highly intertwined; considering the two together is important as they influence each other. The aim of this study was to investigate the physical fitness levels and weight status of Grade 1 children (N=184) from two schools in Cape Town, South Africa, as well as differences in physical fitness and weight between boys and girls. A quantitative study design was applied. Physical fitness skills were evaluated by measuring five components: cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, agility, flexibility and coordination. Children’s height and mass were measured to determine their Body Mass Index (BMI) and the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) cut-offs were used to establish under- and overweight classifications of the children. Boys performed better than girls in the standing broad jump, shuttle run and throwing, whereas girls performed better in the flexibility test. Of the children, 84% were classified as normal weight, 11% were overweight and 5% were obese. The children in this study were relatively fit compared with children in other provinces in South Africa; however, their fitness levels can still be significantly improved.
{"title":"Physical fitness and weight status of Grade One children in Cape Town, South Africa","authors":"Odelia van Stryp, Eileen Africa, M. Duncan","doi":"10.36386/sajrsper.v44i2.154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36386/sajrsper.v44i2.154","url":null,"abstract":"Physical fitness and weight in young children are important indicators of health status. Literature has shown that fatness and physical fitness are highly intertwined; considering the two together is important as they influence each other. The aim of this study was to investigate the physical fitness levels and weight status of Grade 1 children (N=184) from two schools in Cape Town, South Africa, as well as differences in physical fitness and weight between boys and girls. A quantitative study design was applied. Physical fitness skills were evaluated by measuring five components: cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, agility, flexibility and coordination. Children’s height and mass were measured to determine their Body Mass Index (BMI) and the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) cut-offs were used to establish under- and overweight classifications of the children. Boys performed better than girls in the standing broad jump, shuttle run and throwing, whereas girls performed better in the flexibility test. Of the children, 84% were classified as normal weight, 11% were overweight and 5% were obese. The children in this study were relatively fit compared with children in other provinces in South Africa; however, their fitness levels can still be significantly improved.","PeriodicalId":45543,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal for Research in Sport Physical Education and Recreation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78483042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-12DOI: 10.36386/sajrsper.v44i2.207
S. Kahts-Kramer, R. du Randt, L. Wood
Physical Education (PE) provides Foundation Phase learners aged six to nine the opportunity to develop their cognitive, social, emotional and physical domains. However, if these benefits are not realised for learners in low-resource schools, contextually-based and needs-driven continuing professional teacher development (CPTD) courses may be warranted. The aim of this study was to interpret Foundation Phase teachers’ experiences of teaching PE in low-resource schools, to inform the design of CPTD in this area. A qualitative research design situated within the interpretive paradigm was employed. Twenty-four (24) Foundation Phase teachers working in nine Quintile Three schools in Gqeberha participated in semi-structured interviews. The data was thematically analysed. Three broad themes were identified, namely personal barriers, systemic barriers and positive responses to existing challenges. There was a significant overlap between the themes, which highlights the complexity of teachers’ experiences and perceptions of PE. The findings support a transformative and collaborative approach to CPTD to assist Foundation Phase teachers with teaching PE in the context of disadvantaged low-resource schools.
{"title":"Foundation phase teachers' experiences of physical education in low-resourced schools: Implications for continuing professional development","authors":"S. Kahts-Kramer, R. du Randt, L. Wood","doi":"10.36386/sajrsper.v44i2.207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36386/sajrsper.v44i2.207","url":null,"abstract":"Physical Education (PE) provides Foundation Phase learners aged six to nine the opportunity to develop their cognitive, social, emotional and physical domains. However, if these benefits are not realised for learners in low-resource schools, contextually-based and needs-driven continuing professional teacher development (CPTD) courses may be warranted. The aim of this study was to interpret Foundation Phase teachers’ experiences of teaching PE in low-resource schools, to inform the design of CPTD in this area. A qualitative research design situated within the interpretive paradigm was employed. Twenty-four (24) Foundation Phase teachers working in nine Quintile Three schools in Gqeberha participated in semi-structured interviews. The data was thematically analysed. Three broad themes were identified, namely personal barriers, systemic barriers and positive responses to existing challenges. There was a significant overlap between the themes, which highlights the complexity of teachers’ experiences and perceptions of PE. The findings support a transformative and collaborative approach to CPTD to assist Foundation Phase teachers with teaching PE in the context of disadvantaged low-resource schools.","PeriodicalId":45543,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal for Research in Sport Physical Education and Recreation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79200803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-12DOI: 10.36386/sajrsper.v44i2.61
Cara-Mari Myburg, C. Kriel, CYolanda Stevens
ABSTRACT Children with Down Syndrome (DS) are perceived to be sociable and to enjoy social interaction, but they are often also found to lag in developmental milestones relating to communication and social skills. Apart from school contributing to the development of social skills, leisure and recreation participation can also contribute to the social skills development of children. The study aimed to determine the social skills and the recreation activities of 29, 10- to 12-year-old children with DS by means of a quantitative observational study design. Teachers applied the Matson Evaluation of Social Skills with Youngsters (MESSY) as an observational rating scale over five consecutive school days, whereafter the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) IBM software, Version 25 was used to determine the group’s social skills. The teacher also completed a supplementary questionnaire on the children’s recreational activities. This data was analysed in Excel. Results indicated that the children with DS show slightly more Appropriate than Inappropriate Social Skills and that they are most likely to participate in fine arts.
{"title":"Teacher's evaluation of the social skills and recreation activities of 10- to 12-year-old children with Down Syndrome","authors":"Cara-Mari Myburg, C. Kriel, CYolanda Stevens","doi":"10.36386/sajrsper.v44i2.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36386/sajrsper.v44i2.61","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000Children with Down Syndrome (DS) are perceived to be sociable and to enjoy social interaction, but they are often also found to lag in developmental milestones relating to communication and social skills. Apart from school contributing to the development of social skills, leisure and recreation participation can also contribute to the social skills development of children. The study aimed to determine the social skills and the recreation activities of 29, 10- to 12-year-old children with DS by means of a quantitative observational study design. Teachers applied the Matson Evaluation of Social Skills with Youngsters (MESSY) as an observational rating scale over five consecutive school days, whereafter the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) IBM software, Version 25 was used to determine the group’s social skills. The teacher also completed a supplementary questionnaire on the children’s recreational activities. This data was analysed in Excel. Results indicated that the children with DS show slightly more Appropriate than Inappropriate Social Skills and that they are most likely to participate in fine arts.","PeriodicalId":45543,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal for Research in Sport Physical Education and Recreation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77357214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-12DOI: 10.36386/sajrsper.v44i2.153
Ezgi Ertüzün, Hasan Daşkiran
Emotional adjustment behaviours of individuals with mild intellectual disabilities were not adequately measured after a therapeutic recreation intervention. This qualitative experimental research aimed to determine the effect of a recreational therapy programme on the emotional adjustment of individuals with intellectual disabilities at Meram Melike Hatun Special Education Vocational School in Konya, Turkey between March 2019 and May 2019. Thirty-four parents of students with intellectual disabilities were recruited. The participating parents were allocated to an experimental group (n=17) or a control group (n=17). Demographic characteristics of the participants were collected with a personal information form developed based on relevant literature. The Hacettepe Emotional Adjustment Scale (HEAS) was used to collect emotional adjustment data. A pretest–post-test experimental design was used. Therapeutic recreation was applied in 16 sessions as 2 sessions per week, presented by the researchers and each lasting about 1 hour. No significant difference was found between the post-test HEAS total and sub-dimension mean scores in the experimental and control groups (p>0.05). HEAS measurements in the experimental and control groups revealed no significant difference in total and sub-dimension scores (p>0.05). Our study suggests that implementing therapeutic recreation activities in 16 sessions is insufficient, with longer-term programmes required to solve problems of emotional adjustment.
{"title":"Effects of recreational therapy on emotional adjustment of students with intellectual disabilities","authors":"Ezgi Ertüzün, Hasan Daşkiran","doi":"10.36386/sajrsper.v44i2.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36386/sajrsper.v44i2.153","url":null,"abstract":"Emotional adjustment behaviours of individuals with mild intellectual disabilities were not adequately measured after a therapeutic recreation intervention. This qualitative experimental research aimed to determine the effect of a recreational therapy programme on the emotional adjustment of individuals with intellectual disabilities at Meram Melike Hatun Special Education Vocational School in Konya, Turkey between March 2019 and May 2019. Thirty-four parents of students with intellectual disabilities were recruited. The participating parents were allocated to an experimental group (n=17) or a control group (n=17). Demographic characteristics of the participants were collected with a personal information form developed based on relevant literature. The Hacettepe Emotional Adjustment Scale (HEAS) was used to collect emotional adjustment data. A pretest–post-test experimental design was used. Therapeutic recreation was applied in 16 sessions as 2 sessions per week, presented by the researchers and each lasting about 1 hour. No significant difference was found between the post-test HEAS total and sub-dimension mean scores in the experimental and control groups (p>0.05). HEAS measurements in the experimental and control groups revealed no significant difference in total and sub-dimension scores (p>0.05). Our study suggests that implementing therapeutic recreation activities in 16 sessions is insufficient, with longer-term programmes required to solve problems of emotional adjustment.","PeriodicalId":45543,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal for Research in Sport Physical Education and Recreation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82724518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-12DOI: 10.36386/sajrsper.v44i2.104
Luis Fernández-Álvarez, Alejandro Carriedo, María Sánchez-Zafra, Carmen González
Abstract The aim of this study was to analyse the changes related to the practice of physical-sports activities (P-SA) in adolescents owing to COVID-19 infection control and prevention measures. A total of 259 students (mean age=13.98±1.61 years) from a high school gave information on their physical-sports habits during the first year of the pandemic. The results showed a clear association between P-SA prior to the establishment of the state of alarm with P-SA practised after, and during the new normality. Also, a sporting club's membership was positively related to P-SA. Logistic regression analyses indicated that the duration of official training was the factor that most explained P-SA levels after confinement and during the new normality. In relation to post-confinement P-SA, males were more likely to practise more P-SA than females, but during the new normality, this factor was no longer significant and living with a family member at risk and the practice of individual sports became more important. These findings show that membership of a sporting club and commitment to training mitigated the negative impact of these health measures. Guidelines to ensure the maintenance of P-SA in adolescents should be established if similar situations are repeated in the future.
{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 infection control and prevention measures on physical-sports activity among adolescents in a rural population.","authors":"Luis Fernández-Álvarez, Alejandro Carriedo, María Sánchez-Zafra, Carmen González","doi":"10.36386/sajrsper.v44i2.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36386/sajrsper.v44i2.104","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000The aim of this study was to analyse the changes related to the practice of physical-sports activities (P-SA) in adolescents owing to COVID-19 infection control and prevention measures. A total of 259 students (mean age=13.98±1.61 years) from a high school gave information on their physical-sports habits during the first year of the pandemic. The results showed a clear association between P-SA prior to the establishment of the state of alarm with P-SA practised after, and during the new normality. Also, a sporting club's membership was positively related to P-SA. Logistic regression analyses indicated that the duration of official training was the factor that most explained P-SA levels after confinement and during the new normality. In relation to post-confinement P-SA, males were more likely to practise more P-SA than females, but during the new normality, this factor was no longer significant and living with a family member at risk and the practice of individual sports became more important. These findings show that membership of a sporting club and commitment to training mitigated the negative impact of these health measures. Guidelines to ensure the maintenance of P-SA in adolescents should be established if similar situations are repeated in the future.","PeriodicalId":45543,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal for Research in Sport Physical Education and Recreation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79931497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-12DOI: 10.36386/sajrsper.v44i2.220
Kgomotlokwas Mxekezo-Lallie, C. Burnett
Volunteers are integral to the delivery of sport at a community level and the main implementers of many sport for development (SfD) programmes. However, research into this phenomenon in the global south is lacking. This exploratory study investigated the value of volunteering in pursuit of improved employability in the SfD sector through a case study analysis. Participants were traced from 67 ex-volunteers who had volunteered at an SfD organisation delivering programmes in impoverished communities in South Africa, Namibia and Zambia between 2012 and 2020. Thirty-eight were recruited for the study – 23 from South Africa, 10 from Namibia and 5 from Zambia, and they completed a questionnaire as part of sequential multi-method approach. Twelve ex-volunteers, three in-country managers and two managers from the organisation’s head office were interviewed. The volunteering experience was found to have contributed to a 65% employment rate and a high level of perceived employability, and met expectations of personal development, networking, active citizenship and social validation. It is against the reality of youth unemployment and the quest for survival that the role of volunteering found special meaning as a pathway to socio-economic empowerment and delivered on the aspirations and outcomes of volunteering in an SfD organisation.
{"title":"value of volunteering in pursuit of improved employability in the sport for development sector: A case study in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"Kgomotlokwas Mxekezo-Lallie, C. Burnett","doi":"10.36386/sajrsper.v44i2.220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36386/sajrsper.v44i2.220","url":null,"abstract":"Volunteers are integral to the delivery of sport at a community level and the main implementers of many sport for development (SfD) programmes. However, research into this phenomenon in the global south is lacking. This exploratory study investigated the value of volunteering in pursuit of improved employability in the SfD sector through a case study analysis. Participants were traced from 67 ex-volunteers who had volunteered at an SfD organisation delivering programmes in impoverished communities in South Africa, Namibia and Zambia between 2012 and 2020. Thirty-eight were recruited for the study – 23 from South Africa, 10 from Namibia and 5 from Zambia, and they completed a questionnaire as part of sequential multi-method approach. Twelve ex-volunteers, three in-country managers and two managers from the organisation’s head office were interviewed. The volunteering experience was found to have contributed to a 65% employment rate and a high level of perceived employability, and met expectations of personal development, networking, active citizenship and social validation. It is against the reality of youth unemployment and the quest for survival that the role of volunteering found special meaning as a pathway to socio-economic empowerment and delivered on the aspirations and outcomes of volunteering in an SfD organisation.","PeriodicalId":45543,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal for Research in Sport Physical Education and Recreation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87260892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-20DOI: 10.36386/sajrsper.v44i1.162
K. Dlamini, J. Grace
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) continue to be a global public health challenge for both developed and low and middle-income countries, with inactivity, overweight and obesity contributing to mortality. The study aimed to determine the body mass index (BMI), objectively measured physical activity (PA) levels, and socio-economic status (SES) of Zimbabwean adolescents and to establish the associations between their BMI and their PA and SES, and between their PA and their SES. Participants (N=126) aged 12−19 years were included in the study. BMI was classified according to the WHO BMI z-scores. Participants’ PA levels were measured with a pedometer. SES was determined with the Family Affluence Scale III. The groups’ mean BMI was 20.45 kg/m2, with 18.9% of the females and 11.5% of the males being overweight. The groups’ mean average number of steps taken per day for seven days was 9 459, and their SES was classified as low. The association between the males, females and groups’ BMI with their PA levels was insignificant, negative and weak. There was a significant positive, weak association between BMI and SES for the males (r = 0.289; p < 0.05) and the group (r = 0.227; p < 0.05). The association between the females' PA and their SES was significant, negative and weak (r = -0.338; p < 0.05) with a significant, negative and moderate association between the males’ PA and their SES (r = -0.448; p < 0.05). The higher the participants' BMI, the higher their SES, and the higher their PA levels, the lower their SES.
{"title":"Associations between body mass index, physical activity and socio-economic status in Zimbabwean adolescents","authors":"K. Dlamini, J. Grace","doi":"10.36386/sajrsper.v44i1.162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36386/sajrsper.v44i1.162","url":null,"abstract":"Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) continue to be a global public health challenge for both developed and low and middle-income countries, with inactivity, overweight and obesity contributing to mortality. The study aimed to determine the body mass index (BMI), objectively measured physical activity (PA) levels, and socio-economic status (SES) of Zimbabwean adolescents and to establish the associations between their BMI and their PA and SES, and between their PA and their SES. Participants (N=126) aged 12−19 years were included in the study. BMI was classified according to the WHO BMI z-scores. Participants’ PA levels were measured with a pedometer. SES was determined with the Family Affluence Scale III. The groups’ mean BMI was 20.45 kg/m2, with 18.9% of the females and 11.5% of the males being overweight. The groups’ mean average number of steps taken per day for seven days was 9 459, and their SES was classified as low. The association between the males, females and groups’ BMI with their PA levels was insignificant, negative and weak. There was a significant positive, weak association between BMI and SES for the males (r = 0.289; p < 0.05) and the group (r = 0.227; p < 0.05). The association between the females' PA and their SES was significant, negative and weak (r = -0.338; p < 0.05) with a significant, negative and moderate association between the males’ PA and their SES (r = -0.448; p < 0.05). The higher the participants' BMI, the higher their SES, and the higher their PA levels, the lower their SES.","PeriodicalId":45543,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal for Research in Sport Physical Education and Recreation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87599568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-20DOI: 10.36386/sajrsper.v44i1.151
Meric Odemis, Yeliz Pınar, B. M. Bingul, Cigdem Bulgan Ercin
The aim of the study was to examine the effect of proprioceptive and strength exercises applied in addition to dance exercises on the endurance of calf muscles, balance and ankle angles. Participants were randomly divided into two groups as Training Group (n=14; 7 males, 7 females) and Control Group (n=13; 7 males, 6 females). The training group performed a 12-week training programme that included proprioceptive and strength exercises twice a week, just before dance training. Anthropometric measures, static-dynamic balance tests, single heel rise test and 3D kinematic tests were conducted. When the groups were compared, significant changes were observed in the double leg dynamic balance values of the training group, right leg dynamic balance values of the control group, and left leg dynamic balance values of both groups (p<0.05). When ankle angles were compared, the first single heel rise and angle of movement of the last single heel rise values of the training group differed significantly (p<0.05). The balance performance and calf muscle endurance of the dancers can be improved with proprioceptive and strength training, which can contribute positively to movements during the dance.
{"title":"Effect of propioceptive and strength exercises on calf muscle endurance, balance and ankle angle applied: Latin Dancers","authors":"Meric Odemis, Yeliz Pınar, B. M. Bingul, Cigdem Bulgan Ercin","doi":"10.36386/sajrsper.v44i1.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36386/sajrsper.v44i1.151","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to examine the effect of proprioceptive and strength exercises applied in addition to dance exercises on the endurance of calf muscles, balance and ankle angles. Participants were randomly divided into two groups as Training Group (n=14; 7 males, 7 females) and Control Group (n=13; 7 males, 6 females). The training group performed a 12-week training programme that included proprioceptive and strength exercises twice a week, just before dance training. Anthropometric measures, static-dynamic balance tests, single heel rise test and 3D kinematic tests were conducted. When the groups were compared, significant changes were observed in the double leg dynamic balance values of the training group, right leg dynamic balance values of the control group, and left leg dynamic balance values of both groups (p<0.05). When ankle angles were compared, the first single heel rise and angle of movement of the last single heel rise values of the training group differed significantly (p<0.05). The balance performance and calf muscle endurance of the dancers can be improved with proprioceptive and strength training, which can contribute positively to movements during the dance.","PeriodicalId":45543,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal for Research in Sport Physical Education and Recreation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87381599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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