The high rate of injury in football is indicative of the importance of injury prevention, especially in young football players. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries over one 12-month period in junior male South African football players, attending a local football academy. The functional movement ability of the players was evaluated using FMS TM testing. The possible correlation between football injuries in this group and pre-season FMS TM scores was investigated. One hundred and nineteen (119) players participated. This study adopted a quantitative descriptive research approach. A questionnaire was used to record injuries that occurred in the previous 12 months. The Functional Movement Screen TM (FMS TM ) was used to assess the functional movement patterns of the players. The relationship between previous injury and FMS TM score was analysed and the confidence level was set at p<0.05. There was a high prevalence (88.2%) of injuries within this group. Lower-limb injuries were the most common (78.3%) and most injuries occurred at the knee joint (42%). The mean FMS TM score was 12.9±1.56, which was lower than that of similar groups tested. There was no significant correlation between previous injury and FMS TM score. Keywords: Football; Functional movement screen; Injury; Prevention; Soccer
{"title":"Injury prevalence and functional movement screen TM scores in young football players","authors":"S. Conley, L. Lategan","doi":"10.4314/SAJRS.V41I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/SAJRS.V41I1","url":null,"abstract":"The high rate of injury in football is indicative of the importance of injury prevention, especially in young football players. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries over one 12-month period in junior male South African football players, attending a local football academy. The functional movement ability of the players was evaluated using FMS TM testing. The possible correlation between football injuries in this group and pre-season FMS TM scores was investigated. One hundred and nineteen (119) players participated. This study adopted a quantitative descriptive research approach. A questionnaire was used to record injuries that occurred in the previous 12 months. The Functional Movement Screen TM (FMS TM ) was used to assess the functional movement patterns of the players. The relationship between previous injury and FMS TM score was analysed and the confidence level was set at p<0.05. There was a high prevalence (88.2%) of injuries within this group. Lower-limb injuries were the most common (78.3%) and most injuries occurred at the knee joint (42%). The mean FMS TM score was 12.9±1.56, which was lower than that of similar groups tested. There was no significant correlation between previous injury and FMS TM score. Keywords: Football; Functional movement screen; Injury; Prevention; Soccer","PeriodicalId":45543,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal for Research in Sport Physical Education and Recreation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70657066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patellar tendinopathy is a chronic pathology with a prevalence of 10% to 15% in professional rugby union players. The aim of this study was to determine the outcomes of a 12-week rehabilitation intervention, as proposed by an international e-Delphi panel, in elite rugby union players in South Africa. A pre-test, post-test pilot clinical trial was performed on 16 male participants with patellar tendinopathy. Subjective and objective measurements were performed at baseline and 12 weeks upon completion of the rehabilitation intervention, which included a subjective questionnaire, the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment – Patella (VISA-P) questionnaire, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and electromyography (EMG) measurement of three muscles of the quadriceps femoris muscle group. The mean age of the participants was 21.8±1.7 years, with the majority having patellar tendinopathy for the first time and a 75% dominant leg involvement. The duration of symptoms varied between four weeks and six months, with the mechanism of injury identified as jumping, running, change in direction, with increased intensity, frequency and duration aggravating the symptoms. The mean VAS score for pain (p=0.001), quadriceps femoris EMG (p=0.002) and VISA-P score (p=0.001) improved significantly over the 12-week period. The intervention showed a statistically significant improvement in pain and functionality.Keywords: Patellar tendinopathy; Sport rehabilitation; Elite rugby union players
{"title":"Patellar tendinopathy: a rehabilitation intervention in elite rugby union players","authors":"Sanell Morgan, E. C. V. Vuuren, F. Coetzee","doi":"10.4314/SAJRS.V40I2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/SAJRS.V40I2","url":null,"abstract":"Patellar tendinopathy is a chronic pathology with a prevalence of 10% to 15% in professional rugby union players. The aim of this study was to determine the outcomes of a 12-week rehabilitation intervention, as proposed by an international e-Delphi panel, in elite rugby union players in South Africa. A pre-test, post-test pilot clinical trial was performed on 16 male participants with patellar tendinopathy. Subjective and objective measurements were performed at baseline and 12 weeks upon completion of the rehabilitation intervention, which included a subjective questionnaire, the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment – Patella (VISA-P) questionnaire, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and electromyography (EMG) measurement of three muscles of the quadriceps femoris muscle group. The mean age of the participants was 21.8±1.7 years, with the majority having patellar tendinopathy for the first time and a 75% dominant leg involvement. The duration of symptoms varied between four weeks and six months, with the mechanism of injury identified as jumping, running, change in direction, with increased intensity, frequency and duration aggravating the symptoms. The mean VAS score for pain (p=0.001), quadriceps femoris EMG (p=0.002) and VISA-P score (p=0.001) improved significantly over the 12-week period. The intervention showed a statistically significant improvement in pain and functionality.Keywords: Patellar tendinopathy; Sport rehabilitation; Elite rugby union players","PeriodicalId":45543,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal for Research in Sport Physical Education and Recreation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2018-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46697148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Depending on their construction, cricket performance measures can be used to measure various aspects of a match. In this study the focus is on the emotions experienced by the supporters of the two teams in limited overs matches. During a cricket match the supporters of the teams often experience high levels of tension depending on how their team performs and on the match situation. In this study measures are proposed to assess the supposed level of tension of the supporters of the team batting in the second innings of the match, and also of the supporters of the bowling team. Criteria are defined to assess the effect of boundaries scored or wickets falling on the tension or frustration experienced by the supporters of the two teams. These effects increase in size as the match progresses, except in the case of the bowling team where the effect of wickets falling remains almost the same. The measures are particularly interesting in the case of closely contested matches where the outcome remains in the balance up to the end. Keywords : Cricket; Sports analytics; Team sports; Match supporters.
{"title":"Spectator tension in limited overs cricket matches.","authors":"H. Lemmer, Dibyojyoti Bhattacharjee","doi":"10.4314/SAJRS.V40I3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/SAJRS.V40I3","url":null,"abstract":"Depending on their construction, cricket performance measures can be used to measure various aspects of a match. In this study the focus is on the emotions experienced by the supporters of the two teams in limited overs matches. During a cricket match the supporters of the teams often experience high levels of tension depending on how their team performs and on the match situation. In this study measures are proposed to assess the supposed level of tension of the supporters of the team batting in the second innings of the match, and also of the supporters of the bowling team. Criteria are defined to assess the effect of boundaries scored or wickets falling on the tension or frustration experienced by the supporters of the two teams. These effects increase in size as the match progresses, except in the case of the bowling team where the effect of wickets falling remains almost the same. The measures are particularly interesting in the case of closely contested matches where the outcome remains in the balance up to the end. Keywords : Cricket; Sports analytics; Team sports; Match supporters.","PeriodicalId":45543,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal for Research in Sport Physical Education and Recreation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70656500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arthritis is a painful inflammatory joint disease that limits the affected joint’s range of motion (ROM), muscle strength and endurance. As a result, cardiorespiratory capacity, physical functioning and quality of life of an individual are negatively affected. Certain physiological interventions do help alleviate joint pain and stiffness. This paper discusses the exercise-induced physiological lubrication mechanisms that dissipate arthritic joint pain. Aquatic- and land-based exercise and therapeutic interventions are also presented. Keywords: Arthritis; Exercise; Lubrication mechanisms
{"title":"Exercise-induced physiological lubrication mechanisms dissipating arthritic joint pain","authors":"P. Howe, Carla Filomena Silva","doi":"10.4314/SAJRS.V39I2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/SAJRS.V39I2","url":null,"abstract":"Arthritis is a painful inflammatory joint disease that limits the affected joint’s range of motion (ROM), muscle strength and endurance. As a result, cardiorespiratory capacity, physical functioning and quality of life of an individual are negatively affected. Certain physiological interventions do help alleviate joint pain and stiffness. This paper discusses the exercise-induced physiological lubrication mechanisms that dissipate arthritic joint pain. Aquatic- and land-based exercise and therapeutic interventions are also presented. Keywords: Arthritis; Exercise; Lubrication mechanisms","PeriodicalId":45543,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal for Research in Sport Physical Education and Recreation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48666056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The goal of this paper was to examine the effects of cross-border strategic brand alliances (SBAs) between host brands and partner brands on the evaluation of the consumer product. Two experimental studies using a series of 2 (Low vs. High COO fit) × 2 (Pre- vs. Post-attitudes) mixed factorial designs were conducted to understand the effect of Country-of-Origin (COO) fit on attitudes toward the host and partner brands. Data from a total of 244 college students were analysed using repeated measure ANOVAs and simple main effect analysis. The results of the first study revealed that high COO fit did not produce positive post-attitude changes toward the host brand. On the other hand, low COO fit generated negative post-attitude changes toward the host brand when the host brand allied with another brand with an unfavourable country image. The results of the second study also support the findings of the first study in that attitude changes toward the partner brand were significantly affected by the level of COO fit. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed. Keywords: Cross-border strategic brand alliance; Country-of-origin fit; Product/brand fit
{"title":"Managing Sports Brands in a Global Consumer Market: Country-of-Origin Fit in Cross-Border Strategic Brand Alliances","authors":"J. Lee, Taesoo Ahn, Wei‐Na Lee, P. Pedersen","doi":"10.4314/SAJRS.V39I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/SAJRS.V39I1","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this paper was to examine the effects of cross-border strategic brand alliances (SBAs) between host brands and partner brands on the evaluation of the consumer product. Two experimental studies using a series of 2 (Low vs. High COO fit) × 2 (Pre- vs. Post-attitudes) mixed factorial designs were conducted to understand the effect of Country-of-Origin (COO) fit on attitudes toward the host and partner brands. Data from a total of 244 college students were analysed using repeated measure ANOVAs and simple main effect analysis. The results of the first study revealed that high COO fit did not produce positive post-attitude changes toward the host brand. On the other hand, low COO fit generated negative post-attitude changes toward the host brand when the host brand allied with another brand with an unfavourable country image. The results of the second study also support the findings of the first study in that attitude changes toward the partner brand were significantly affected by the level of COO fit. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed. Keywords: Cross-border strategic brand alliance; Country-of-origin fit; Product/brand fit","PeriodicalId":45543,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal for Research in Sport Physical Education and Recreation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70656528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Poor fundamental movement skills (FMS) proficiency can contribute to a decrease in participation in energy-expending recreational and sporting endeavours. Against the backdrop of the increasing obesity epidemic, ensuring that these foundational motor skills are established in childhood is justified. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the status of FMS proficiency of 191 girls aged nine- to 12-years-old from a lower socio-economic community within Port Elizabeth, South Africa. A descriptive study design employing convenience sampling and quantitative assessment techniques was utilised. The FMS assessed were running for speed, standing long jump, throwing and catching. The Component Approach (CA) and Test of Gross Motor Development 2 (TGMD-2) qualitative motion analysis tools were used. The CA findings revealed that only the catch was performed proficiently whereas the TGMD-2 indicated that the catch and run for speed were performed proficiently when comparing age groups. Only catch had a small statistical and practical significant difference in FMS scores between nine- and ten-year-olds. These findings highlight the need for FMS interventions at an early age in girls from lower socio-economic status communities. The different results observed for the CA and TGMD-2 as implemented in this study highlight possible limitations in FMS qualitative motion analysis tools.Keywords: Fundamental movement skills; Movement proficiency; Girls; Component Approach Qualitative Motion Analysis; Test of Gross Motor Development 2; Lower socio-economic status
较差的基本运动技能(FMS)熟练程度会导致参加消耗能量的娱乐和体育活动的人数减少。在肥胖日益流行的背景下，确保这些基本的运动技能在儿童时期建立是合理的。本研究的目的是评估来自南非伊丽莎白港社会经济地位较低社区的191名9至12岁女孩的FMS熟练程度。采用便利抽样和定量评估技术的描述性研究设计。FMS评估项目包括速度跑、立定跳远、投掷和接球。采用Component Approach (CA)和Test of Gross Motor Development 2 (TGMD-2)定性运动分析工具。CA结果表明，只有接球动作被熟练地执行，而TGMD-2结果表明，在比较年龄组时，接球动作和速度跑动作被熟练地执行。只有在9岁和10岁孩子的FMS分数上有统计学上和实际意义上的显著差异。这些发现强调了在社会经济地位较低社区的女孩早期进行FMS干预的必要性。本研究中对CA和TGMD-2观察到的不同结果突出了FMS定性运动分析工具可能存在的局限性。关键词:基本动作技能;运动能力;女孩;分量法定性运动分析大肌肉动作发展测验2;社会经济地位较低
{"title":"Fundamental movement skill proficiency of South African girls from a lower socio-economic community","authors":"S. A. Kahts, R. D. Randt, Danie Venter","doi":"10.4314/SAJRS.V39I3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/SAJRS.V39I3","url":null,"abstract":"Poor fundamental movement skills (FMS) proficiency can contribute to a decrease in participation in energy-expending recreational and sporting endeavours. Against the backdrop of the increasing obesity epidemic, ensuring that these foundational motor skills are established in childhood is justified. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the status of FMS proficiency of 191 girls aged nine- to 12-years-old from a lower socio-economic community within Port Elizabeth, South Africa. A descriptive study design employing convenience sampling and quantitative assessment techniques was utilised. The FMS assessed were running for speed, standing long jump, throwing and catching. The Component Approach (CA) and Test of Gross Motor Development 2 (TGMD-2) qualitative motion analysis tools were used. The CA findings revealed that only the catch was performed proficiently whereas the TGMD-2 indicated that the catch and run for speed were performed proficiently when comparing age groups. Only catch had a small statistical and practical significant difference in FMS scores between nine- and ten-year-olds. These findings highlight the need for FMS interventions at an early age in girls from lower socio-economic status communities. The different results observed for the CA and TGMD-2 as implemented in this study highlight possible limitations in FMS qualitative motion analysis tools.Keywords: Fundamental movement skills; Movement proficiency; Girls; Component Approach Qualitative Motion Analysis; Test of Gross Motor Development 2; Lower socio-economic status","PeriodicalId":45543,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal for Research in Sport Physical Education and Recreation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70656465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigated whether morphological or skill-related factors measured pre-season can predict injuries sustained in-season by field hockey players. In this cohort-analytical study, 30 female South African national field hockey players underwent pre-season testing including anthropometry, balance, flexibility, explosive power, upper and lower body strength, core strength, speed, agility and isokinetic testing of the ankle. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic data, elite-level experience, playing surface, footwear and injury history. Injuries in training and matches were recorded during the subsequent season using an injury profile sheet completed by injured players. Eighty-seven injuries, mostly involving ligaments and muscles of the ankles, hamstrings and lower back, were recorded. Univariate analyses showed that ankle dorsiflexion strength was a strong predictor of ankle injuries (p=0.0002), while ankle dorsiflexion deficit (p=0.0267) and eversion deficit (p=0.0035) were significant predictors. Balance indices (anterior/posterior, p=0.0465; medial/lateral, p<0.0001; and overall, p<0.0001) were pre-season performance measures significantly predicting potential ankle injury. For lower leg injuries, univariate associations were found with ankle inversion deficit (p=0.0253), eversion deficit (p=0.0379), and anterior/posterior balance index (p=0.0441). Key words : Elite female field hockey players; Morphology; Skill-related fitness components; Predictors of injuries.
{"title":"Morphological and skill-related fitness components as potential predictors of injuries in elite female field hockey players","authors":"Marlene Naicker, D. Coetzee, Robert Schall","doi":"10.4314/SAJRS.V38I3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/SAJRS.V38I3","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated whether morphological or skill-related factors measured pre-season can predict injuries sustained in-season by field hockey players. In this cohort-analytical study, 30 female South African national field hockey players underwent pre-season testing including anthropometry, balance, flexibility, explosive power, upper and lower body strength, core strength, speed, agility and isokinetic testing of the ankle. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic data, elite-level experience, playing surface, footwear and injury history. Injuries in training and matches were recorded during the subsequent season using an injury profile sheet completed by injured players. Eighty-seven injuries, mostly involving ligaments and muscles of the ankles, hamstrings and lower back, were recorded. Univariate analyses showed that ankle dorsiflexion strength was a strong predictor of ankle injuries (p=0.0002), while ankle dorsiflexion deficit (p=0.0267) and eversion deficit (p=0.0035) were significant predictors. Balance indices (anterior/posterior, p=0.0465; medial/lateral, p<0.0001; and overall, p<0.0001) were pre-season performance measures significantly predicting potential ankle injury. For lower leg injuries, univariate associations were found with ankle inversion deficit (p=0.0253), eversion deficit (p=0.0379), and anterior/posterior balance index (p=0.0441). Key words : Elite female field hockey players; Morphology; Skill-related fitness components; Predictors of injuries.","PeriodicalId":45543,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal for Research in Sport Physical Education and Recreation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70656062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research indicates that student volunteerism has declined in numerous countries. The current South African sport industry is heavily dependent on volunteers to deliver services in communities and at sporting events. A serious effort may be necessary to successfully and positively recruit and manage volunteers. The purpose of this study was to identify factors, which may constrain volunteerism amongst university sport students. Data were collected from an in-class convenience sample utilising a self-administered questionnaire to students (N=279) enrolled in a sport curriculum at two universities in the Gauteng Province. The volunteer questionnaire of Auld and Cuskelly was used to gather data. Of the returned questionnaires, 153 students classified themselves into the category of "never volunteered before" and completed that specific section of the questionnaire. These responses were included in the study. An Exploratory factor analysis using Principal Components Analysis was conducted to identify constraining volunteer factors for sport students. Five factors emerged, namely 'organisation environment perception', 'perceived workload', 'psychological aspects', 'perceived lack of skills' and 'time constraints'. This study provides a promising contribution in identifying factors constraining volunteering amongst university sport students.
{"title":"Non-volunteerism of university sport students: A leisure constraints theory approach","authors":"L. V. D. Berg, G. Cuskelly","doi":"10.4314/SAJRS.V38I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/SAJRS.V38I1","url":null,"abstract":"Research indicates that student volunteerism has declined in numerous countries. The current South African sport industry is heavily dependent on volunteers to deliver services in communities and at sporting events. A serious effort may be necessary to successfully and positively recruit and manage volunteers. The purpose of this study was to identify factors, which may constrain volunteerism amongst university sport students. Data were collected from an in-class convenience sample utilising a self-administered questionnaire to students (N=279) enrolled in a sport curriculum at two universities in the Gauteng Province. The volunteer questionnaire of Auld and Cuskelly was used to gather data. Of the returned questionnaires, 153 students classified themselves into the category of \"never volunteered before\" and completed that specific section of the questionnaire. These responses were included in the study. An Exploratory factor analysis using Principal Components Analysis was conducted to identify constraining volunteer factors for sport students. Five factors emerged, namely 'organisation environment perception', 'perceived workload', 'psychological aspects', 'perceived lack of skills' and 'time constraints'. This study provides a promising contribution in identifying factors constraining volunteering amongst university sport students.","PeriodicalId":45543,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal for Research in Sport Physical Education and Recreation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70655959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationships of body composition and anthropometric variables with the performance of young Iranian elite weightlifters. Forty-two subjects (age 16.21±3.22 years) volunteered to participate in the study. All subjects competed at the Iranian National Championship. Body composition and anthropometric variables including lean body mass (LBM), body mass index (BMI), percentage body fat (%BF), height, shoulder circumference, chest circumference, waist to hip ratio (WHR), as well as the performance of the weightlifters (snatch; clean & jerk; front squat; back squat), were measured. The results showed a strong correlation between LBM and the performance of the weightlifters ( p ≤0.001). Moderate correlations between the remaining body composition variables and the performance of the weightlifters were obtained. However, low negative correlations were found between the performance of the weightlifters and the %BF and WHR values. It can be concluded that there was a relationship between LBM and weightlifting performance. However, weak negative relationships existed among %BF and WHR with the performance of weightlifters. Therefore, LBM was the major determinant in weightlifting, while %BF played a very small role in the determination of weightlifting performance. Key words: Weightlifting performance; Body composition; Elite weightlifters.
{"title":"Lean body mass as a predictor of performance of young Iranian elite weightlifters","authors":"M. Siahkouhian, F. Azimi, Meysam Hedayatnejad","doi":"10.4314/SAJRS.V38I2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/SAJRS.V38I2","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationships of body composition and anthropometric variables with the performance of young Iranian elite weightlifters. Forty-two subjects (age 16.21±3.22 years) volunteered to participate in the study. All subjects competed at the Iranian National Championship. Body composition and anthropometric variables including lean body mass (LBM), body mass index (BMI), percentage body fat (%BF), height, shoulder circumference, chest circumference, waist to hip ratio (WHR), as well as the performance of the weightlifters (snatch; clean & jerk; front squat; back squat), were measured. The results showed a strong correlation between LBM and the performance of the weightlifters ( p ≤0.001). Moderate correlations between the remaining body composition variables and the performance of the weightlifters were obtained. However, low negative correlations were found between the performance of the weightlifters and the %BF and WHR values. It can be concluded that there was a relationship between LBM and weightlifting performance. However, weak negative relationships existed among %BF and WHR with the performance of weightlifters. Therefore, LBM was the major determinant in weightlifting, while %BF played a very small role in the determination of weightlifting performance. Key words: Weightlifting performance; Body composition; Elite weightlifters.","PeriodicalId":45543,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal for Research in Sport Physical Education and Recreation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70655980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study was to compile a sport psychological skills profile of track and field athletes and to compare the psychological skill levels of successful and less successful track athletes during the 2011 University Sport South Africa Athletics Championships. The participants included 143 athletes (age= 21.6±2.32 years). Their perceived importance and need for psychological skills training, as well as their perceived ability to be mentally prepared for training sessions and competitions were investigated. Practical significant differences were observed between the top (n=21) and bottom (n=21) sprinters for Peak Performance Profile (PPP) total and stress control, Psychological Skills Inventory (PSI) total and achievement motivation, as well as between the top (n=21) and average (n=20) sprinters for PPP total, concentration, stress control, PSI total, achievement motivation, maintaining self-confidence and concentration. The successful (n=21) middle- and long-distance athletes recorded significantly higher achievement motivation values than their less successful (n=21) counterparts. Collectively, these results confirm a relationship between psychological skills and track and field success. The effect of psychological skills training programmes on psychological skills development and performance enhancement requires further empirical studies. Key words : Track and field athletes; IAAF scores; Performance; Sprinters; Middle- and long-distance athletes.
{"title":"Sport psychological skills profile of track and field athletes and comparisons between successful and less successful track athletes","authors":"F. J. Lawless, H. Grobbelaar","doi":"10.4314/SAJRS.V37I3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/SAJRS.V37I3","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to compile a sport psychological skills profile of track and field athletes and to compare the psychological skill levels of successful and less successful track athletes during the 2011 University Sport South Africa Athletics Championships. The participants included 143 athletes (age= 21.6±2.32 years). Their perceived importance and need for psychological skills training, as well as their perceived ability to be mentally prepared for training sessions and competitions were investigated. Practical significant differences were observed between the top (n=21) and bottom (n=21) sprinters for Peak Performance Profile (PPP) total and stress control, Psychological Skills Inventory (PSI) total and achievement motivation, as well as between the top (n=21) and average (n=20) sprinters for PPP total, concentration, stress control, PSI total, achievement motivation, maintaining self-confidence and concentration. The successful (n=21) middle- and long-distance athletes recorded significantly higher achievement motivation values than their less successful (n=21) counterparts. Collectively, these results confirm a relationship between psychological skills and track and field success. The effect of psychological skills training programmes on psychological skills development and performance enhancement requires further empirical studies. Key words : Track and field athletes; IAAF scores; Performance; Sprinters; Middle- and long-distance athletes.","PeriodicalId":45543,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal for Research in Sport Physical Education and Recreation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70655883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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