Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory最新文献

英文中文

The theme-recipient alternation in Chinese: tracking syntactic variation across seven centuries 汉语主-受者交替:追踪七个世纪的句法变化

IF 1.6 2区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory

Pub Date : 2021-12-06 DOI: 10.1515/cllt-2021-0048

Yi Li, Benedikt Szmrecsanyi, Weiwei Zhang

Abstract Previous research has tracked the history of the theme-recipient alternation (or: “dative” alternation) in Chinese, but few studies have embedded their analysis in a probabilistic variationist framework. Against this backdrop, we explore the language-internal and language-external factors that probabilistically influence the alternation between theme-first and recipient-first ordering in a large diachronic corpus of Chinese writing (1300s–1900s). Our analysis reveals that the recipient-first variant is consistently more frequent than its competitor and even more common in more recent texts than in older texts. Regression analysis also suggests that there are stable linguistic constraints (i.e., animacy and definiteness of theme) and fluid constraints (i.e., end-weight, recipient animacy). Notably, the diachronic instability of end-weight and animacy points to cross-linguistic parallels for ditransitive constructions, including the English dative alternation. We thus contribute to theory building in variationist linguistics by advancing the field’s knowledge about the comparative fluidity versus stability of probabilistic constraints.

摘要先前的研究追踪了汉语中主题接受者交替（或“与格”交替）的历史，但很少有研究将其分析嵌入概率变论框架中。在此背景下，我们在一个大型历时性的汉语写作语料库（1300s–1900s）中探讨了可能影响主题优先和接受者优先顺序交替的语言内部和语言外部因素。我们的分析表明，接受者优先的变体始终比其竞争对手更频繁，在最近的文本中甚至比在旧文本中更常见。回归分析还表明，存在稳定的语言约束（即主题的动物性和确定性）和流动的约束（即最终权重、接受者的动物性）。值得注意的是，词尾权重和动物性的历时不稳定性表明双及物结构具有跨语言的相似性，包括英语与格交替。因此，我们通过推进该领域关于概率约束的相对流动性与稳定性的知识，为变量主义语言学的理论建设做出了贡献。

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引用次数: 3

Investigating genre distinctions through discourse distance and discourse network. 通过语篇距离和语篇网络考察语类差异。

IF 1.6 2区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory

Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1515/cllt-2020-0064

Kun Sun, Rong Wang, Wenxin Xiong

The notion of genre has been widely explored using quantitative methods from both lexical and syntactical perspectives. However, discourse structure has rarely been used to examine genre. Mostly concerned with the interrelation of discourse units, discourse structure can play a crucial role in genre analysis. Nevertheless, few quantitative studies have explored genre distinctions from a discourse structure perspective. Here, we use two English discourse corpora (RST-DT and GUM) to investigate discourse structure from a novel viewpoint. The RST-DT is divided into four small subcorpora distinguished according to genre, and another corpus (GUM) containing seven genres are used for cross-verification. An RST (rhetorical structure theory) tree is converted into dependency representations by taking information from RST annotations to calculate the discourse distance through a process similar to that used to calculate syntactic dependency distance. Moreover, the data on dependency representations deriving from the two corpora are readily convertible into network data. Afterwards, we examine different genres in the two corpora by combining discourse distance and discourse network. The two methods are mutually complementary in comprehensively revealing the distinctiveness of various genres. Accordingly, we propose an effective quantitative method for assessing genre differences using discourse distance and discourse network. This quantitative study can help us better understand the nature of genre.

体裁的概念已经从词汇和句法两个角度用定量的方法进行了广泛的探讨。然而，语篇结构却很少被用于体裁研究。语篇结构主要关注语篇单位之间的相互关系，在语篇分析中起着至关重要的作用。然而，很少有定量研究从语篇结构的角度探讨语类差异。本文以两个英语语篇语料库(RST-DT和GUM)为研究对象，从一个全新的视角来研究语篇结构。RST-DT按体裁划分为4个小语料库，另一个包含7个体裁的语料库(GUM)用于交叉验证。将RST(修辞结构理论)树转换为依存表示，从RST注释中获取信息，通过类似于计算句法依赖距离的过程计算语篇距离。此外，从两个语料库派生的依赖表示的数据很容易转换为网络数据。随后，我们结合语篇距离和语篇网络分析了两种语料库中的不同体裁。这两种方法相辅相成，全面揭示了不同体裁的独特性。因此，我们提出了一种有效的基于语篇距离和语篇网络的体裁差异定量评估方法。这种定量研究可以帮助我们更好地理解体裁的本质。

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引用次数: 1

Modelling incipient probabilistic grammar change in real time: the grammaticalisation of possessive pronouns in European Spanish locative adverbial constructions 实时模拟早期概率语法变化：欧洲西班牙语位置状语结构中所有格代词的语法化

IF 1.6 2区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory

Pub Date : 2021-10-25 DOI: 10.1515/cllt-2021-0030

Matti Marttinen Larsson

Abstract The present paper provides a methodological case study on how underlying incipient grammar change might be discerned even when frequencies of the incoming variant are apparently marginal and stable. Analysing the spread of tonic possessive pronouns in complements of locative adverbial constructions in European Spanish from a probabilistic perspective, more than 11,000 locative constructions from 1900 to 2004 were compiled, and probabilistic grammar change was operationalised as an interactive function between language-internal predictors and real time. The results reveal that numerous intralinguistic factors have been and are active in constraining the variation, with the innovation spreading significantly in spite of apparent stability in frequency. Crucially, the findings demonstrate that, even in a relatively standardised written language where the innovation has a considerably low frequency, the innovation grammaticalises along the same pathway as in colloquial vernaculars where the incoming variant is employed much more frequently.

摘要:本文提供了一个方法学案例研究如何潜在的早期语法变化可能被识别，即使频率的传入变体显然是边缘和稳定的。从概率的角度分析了欧洲西班牙语位置状语结构补语中主格代词的分布，整理了1900年至2004年的11,000多个位置结构，并将概率语法变化作为语言内部预测因子与实时交互作用进行了操作。结果表明，许多语言内部因素已经并正在积极地限制这种变化，尽管频率表面上稳定，但创新仍在显著传播。至关重要的是，研究结果表明，即使在相对标准化的书面语言中，创新的频率相当低，创新的语法化过程也与口语方言相同，在口语方言中，新变体的使用频率要高得多。

引用次数: 4

Frontmatter Frontmatter

IF 1.6 2区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory

Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1515/cllt-2021-frontmatter2

引用次数: 0

Frontmatter Frontmatter

IF 1.6 2区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory

Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.1515/cllt-2021-frontmatter3

引用次数: 0

Primed progressives? Predicting aspectual choice in World Englishes "进步人士?预测世界英语的体位选择

IF 1.6 2区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory

Pub Date : 2021-09-28 DOI: 10.1515/cllt-2021-0012

Paula Rautionaho, M. Hundt

Abstract This corpus-based study focuses on the progressive:non-progressive alternation from a novel perspective, i.e. the effect of syntactic priming. We annotated a dataset of 5,000 progressive and non-progressive occurrences in ten different varieties of English from the International Corpus of English for variables such as Aktionsart categories and elements related to priming and subjected the data to a generalized linear mixed methods tree analysis. The results indicate that the progressive is most likely to occur in situations that are durative in nature and when they are preceded by another progressive; overall, we find some evidence of probabilistic indigenization with regard to the use of progressives in different varieties. However, while syntactic priming seems to play a role overall in the choice of the progressive over the non-progressive, we do not find evidence supporting the idea that priming may explain the use of non-standard stative progressives.

摘要本研究以语料库为基础，从句法启动效应这一全新视角探讨了语篇中的递进与非递进交替现象。我们对来自国际英语语料库(International Corpus of English)的10种不同英语变体的5000个渐进和非渐进事件的数据集进行了注释，以获取与启动相关的Aktionsart类别和元素等变量，并对数据进行了广义线性混合方法树分析。结果表明，在持续的情况下，当它们之前有另一个递进时，递进最有可能发生;总的来说，我们发现了一些关于在不同品种中使用进行式的概率本土化的证据。然而，虽然句法启动似乎在选择进行时而非进行时中发挥了总体作用，但我们没有发现证据支持启动可以解释非标准静态进行时的使用。

引用次数: 3

Transitivity on a continuum: the transitivity index as a predictor of Spanish causatives 连续体上的及物性：作为西班牙语因果关系预测指标的及物性指数

IF 1.6 2区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory

Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.1515/cllt-2021-0019

Gustavo Guajardo

Abstract This paper contributes to the study of transitivity as a general property of the clause. Unlike most previous work on the subject, however, transitivity in the present article is used to study a lexical alternation, namely the two causative predicates dejar ‘let’ and hacer ‘make’ in Spanish. To do this, I use the transitivity index (TI), a weighted continuous measure of transitivity based on Hopper and Thompson’s (1980, transitivity in grammar and discourse, Language 56, 251–299) transitivity parameters. The advantage of the TI is that it assigns different weights to each of the transitivity parameters and it is therefore sensitive to the particular construction it is applied to. I show that the TI can correctly predict the two Spanish causatives dejar ‘let’ and hacer ‘make’ with 80% accuracy and demonstrate that hacer is associated with higher transitivity contexts. In addition, linguistic features of the causer such as grammatical person and number are found to help distinguish between the two predicates. The finding that a lexical alternation can be reduced to a difference in transitivity raises important questions regarding the structure of the lexicon and the type of information it may contain.

摘要本文将及物性作为从句的一个一般性质来研究。然而，与以往关于该主题的大多数工作不同，本文中的及物性用于研究词汇交替，即西班牙语中的两个致使谓词dejar“let”和hacer“make”。为了做到这一点，我使用了及物性指数（TI），这是一种基于Hopper和Thompson（1980，语法和语篇中的及物性，语言56251-299）及物性参数的及物性加权连续度量。TI的优点是它为每个及物性参数分配了不同的权重，因此它对所应用的特定结构很敏感。我证明TI可以以80%的准确率正确预测两个西班牙语致使词dejar“let”和hacer“make”，并证明hacer与更高的及物性上下文相关。此外，主词的语法人称和数字等语言特征有助于区分这两个谓词。词汇交替可以减少为及物性的差异，这一发现引发了关于词汇结构及其可能包含的信息类型的重要问题。

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引用次数: 1

Switch-reference and its role in referential choice in Mbyá Guaraní narratives 转换参照及其在mby<s:1> Guaraní叙事中参照选择中的作用

IF 1.6 2区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory

Pub Date : 2021-05-07 DOI: 10.1515/cllt-2020-0028

Guillaume Thomas, Gregory Antono, Laurestine Bradford, Angelika Kiss, Darragh Winkelman

Abstract Switch-reference has been analyzed as a reference tracking mechanism, whose main function is to avoid ambiguity of reference. One domain where this function has been argued to manifest itself is referential choice. Kibrik (Kibrik, Andrej. 2011. Reference in discourse. Oxford: Oxford University Press) notably proposed that switch-reference marking plays the role of a referential aid, which helps to prevent referential conflict, thereby enabling the production of reduced referential expressions such as pronouns and zeros. The present study probes this theory through an analysis of the role of switch-reference marking in multifactorial models of referential choice in Mbyá Guaraní. We show that while switch-reference increases the likelihood of mention reduction in Mbyá Guaraní, this effect is marginal relative to other predictors of referential choice. We argue that this result is compatible with the analysis of switch-reference as a referential aid, but also supports analyses that emphasize the multiplicity of its functions, beyond the disambiguation of reference.

摘要切换参考作为一种参考跟踪机制，其主要功能是避免参考的模糊性。这一功能被论证的一个领域是参照选择。Kibrik, Andrej. 2011。话语中的指称。牛津:牛津大学出版社)特别提出，切换引用标记起着指称辅助的作用，有助于防止指称冲突，从而能够产生减少指称表达，如代词和零。本研究通过分析mby Guaraní多因素参考选择模型中切换-参考标记的作用来探讨这一理论。我们表明，虽然切换参考增加了mby Guaraní中提及减少的可能性，但相对于参考选择的其他预测因素，这种影响是微不足道的。我们认为，这一结果与开关参考作为参考辅助的分析是一致的，但也支持强调其功能的多样性的分析，超越了参考的消歧。

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引用次数: 1

Alternations emerge and disappear: the network of dispossession constructions in the history of English 交替出现和消失:英语历史上的剥夺结构网络

IF 1.6 2区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory

Pub Date : 2021-05-06 DOI: 10.1515/cllt-2020-0074

Eva Zehentner

Abstract This paper focuses on two main issues regarding syntactic alternations and their development over time. On the one hand, it discusses the diachronic implications of alternations as involving multiple (rather than binary) choices. On the other hand, it shows that while studies are typically interested in the emergence of alternation relationships, there are also cases of diachronic loss of such. This is illustrated by zooming in on the history of a particular set of ditransitive verbs, viz. dispossession verbs such as steal or rob, and their connection to the well-known English dative alternation. Based on a quantitative analysis of different dispossession-constructions in corpora of Middle, Early Modern and Late Modern English, I demonstrate that the network of dispossession constructions has changed considerably over time — from a complex interaction between three overlapping patterns to a clear differentiation of two non-alternating constructions.

摘要本文主要讨论了两个关于句法变化的问题及其发展。一方面，它讨论了涉及多重(而不是二元)选择的交替的历时性含义。另一方面，它表明，虽然研究通常对交替关系的出现感兴趣，但也有这种关系的历时性丧失的情况。这可以通过放大一组特殊的及物动词的历史来说明，即剥夺动词，如steal或rob，以及它们与著名的英语与格交替的联系。在对中古、早期现代和晚期现代英语语料库中不同的剥夺结构进行定量分析的基础上，我证明了剥夺结构网络随着时间的推移发生了很大的变化——从三种重叠模式之间的复杂相互作用到两种非交替结构的明确区分。

引用次数: 1

Exploring semantic differences between the Indonesian prefixes PE- and PEN- using a vector space model 利用向量空间模型探索印尼语前缀PE-和PEN-之间的语义差异

IF 1.6 2区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory

Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.1515/cllt-2020-0023

Karlina Denistia, E. Shafaei-Bajestan, R. Baayen

Abstract Indonesian has two prefixes, PE- and PEN-, that are similar in form and meaning, but are probably not allomorphs. In this study, we applied a distributional vector space model to clarify whether these prefixes have discriminable semantics. Comparisons of pairs of words within and across morphologically defined sets of words revealed that cosine similarities of pairs consisting of a word with PE- and a word with PEN- were reduced compared to pairs of only PE- words, or of only PEN- words. Furthermore, nouns with PE- were more similar to their base words than was the case for words with PEN-. The specialized use of PE- for words denoting agents, and the specialized use of PEN- for denoting instruments, was also visible in the semantic vector space. These differences in the semantics of PE- and PEN- thus provide further quantitative support for the independent status of PE- as opposed to PEN-.

印尼语有两个前缀PE-和PEN-，这两个前缀在形式和意义上相似，但可能不是异构体。在这项研究中，我们应用了一个分布向量空间模型来澄清这些前缀是否具有可区分的语义。在词形定义的词集内和词集之间对词的比较表明，与仅PE词对或仅PEN词对相比，由PE词和PEN词对组成的词对的余弦相似度降低。此外，带有PE-的名词比带有PEN-的名词更接近其基本词。在语义向量空间中也可以看到专门使用PE(用于单词表示代理)和专门使用PEN(用于表示工具)。PE-和PEN-在语义上的这些差异为PE-相对于PEN-的独立地位提供了进一步的定量支持。

引用次数: 6

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