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Spatial distribution of soil nutrient content for sustainable rice agriculture using geographic information system and Naïve Bayes classifier 基于地理信息系统和Naïve贝叶斯分类器的水稻可持续农业土壤养分空间分布
IF 1.2 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/ijssis-2023-0001
A. Yudhana, Andreyan Dwi Cahyo, L. Y. Sabila, Arsyad Cahya Subrata, I. Mufandi
Abstract This study aims to assist farmers in monitoring soil nutrients, especially phosphorus. To measure the phosphorus content of paddy soil, the TCS3200 converter, as an intelligent sensor, was applied. The geographical information system (GIS) was also involved in this research to map the phosphorus content. In addition, the Naïve Bayes method was applied to classify lowland soil phosphorus status. The result of this study indicated that the Naïve Bayes algorithm could classify lowland soil phosphorus status with a probability of 0.34 for moderate phosphorus conditions and 0.66 for high phosphorus conditions. The sample testing results showed that the error rate was 3% and the success rate was 97%. Testing with a phosphorus-measuring instrument can be carried out by mapping the soil phosphorus status with the ArcGIS software, whereby seven points of medium-phosphorus-status paddy soil and 13 locations of high-phosphorus-status soil samples were determined. This research thus successfully mapped the soil phosphorus.
摘要本研究旨在帮助农民监测土壤养分,特别是磷。采用TCS3200转换器作为智能传感器,对水稻土中磷含量进行了测定。地理信息系统(GIS)也参与了这项研究,以绘制磷含量图。此外,还应用朴素贝叶斯方法对低地土壤磷状况进行了分类。研究结果表明,Naïve Bayes算法可以对低地土壤磷状况进行分类,中等磷条件下的概率为0.34,高磷条件下为0.66。样本测试结果表明,错误率为3%,成功率为97%。利用ArcGIS软件绘制土壤磷素状况图,利用测磷仪进行测试,确定了7个中等磷素状态水稻土点和13个高磷素状态土壤样品点。因此,这项研究成功地绘制了土壤磷的地图。
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引用次数: 2
Regional-Scale Analysis of Vegetation Dynamics Using Satellite Data and Machine Learning Algorithms: A Multi-Factorial Approach 利用卫星数据和机器学习算法的区域尺度植被动态分析:一种多因子方法
Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/ijssis-2023-0013
Abolfazl Abdollahi, Biswajeet Pradhan, Abdullah Alamri
Abstract Accurate vegetation analysis is crucial amid accelerating global changes and human activities. Achieving precise characterization with multi-temporal Sentinel-2 data is challenging. In this article, we present a comprehensive analysis of 2021's seasonal vegetation cover in Greater Sydney using Google Earth Engine (GEE) to process Sentinel-2 data. Using the random forest (RF) method, we performed image classification for vegetation patterns. Supplementary factors such as topographic elements, texture information, and vegetation indices enhanced the process and overcome limited input variables. Our model outperformed existing methods, offering superior insights into season-based vegetation dynamics. Multi-temporal Sentinel-2 data, topographic elements, vegetation indices, and textural factors proved to be critical for accurate analysis. Leveraging GEE and rich Sentinel-2 data, our study would benefit decision-makers involved in vegetation monitoring.
在全球气候变化和人类活动加速的背景下,准确的植被分析至关重要。利用多时相Sentinel-2数据实现精确表征是一项挑战。在本文中,我们使用谷歌地球引擎(GEE)处理Sentinel-2数据,对2021年大悉尼地区的季节性植被覆盖进行了全面分析。采用随机森林(RF)方法对植被模式进行图像分类。地形要素、纹理信息和植被指数等补充因子增强了这一过程,克服了有限的输入变量。我们的模型优于现有的方法,提供了基于季节的植被动态的卓越见解。多时相Sentinel-2数据、地形要素、植被指数和纹理因子被证明是准确分析的关键。利用GEE和丰富的Sentinel-2数据,我们的研究将使参与植被监测的决策者受益。
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引用次数: 0
Utilizing augmented reality technology for teaching fundamentals of the human brain and EEG electrode placement 利用增强现实技术教授人脑基础知识和脑电图电极放置
IF 1.2 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2022-05-20 DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2022-0005
Charlee Kaewrat, Yunyong Punsawad
Abstract This paper demonstrates the use of augmented reality (AR) to teach the fundamental aspects of the human brain and guide proper EEG electrode placement. The proposed application consists of two main parts: (1) the proposed marker-based AR system uses the Vuforia technique to determine the dimension of the head to create the virtual brain and virtual EEG electrodes; and (2) user interaction and implementation. We performed two experiments using a phantom head to verify the size and workspace area of the marker and validated the position of the virtual electrode with ground truth data. The results showed that the proposed method can be employed for electrode placement guidance in the recommended range. We aim to use the proposed system for beginners. We will further test the system with human heads to evaluate the usability and determine key areas for application improvement.
摘要:本文演示了使用增强现实(AR)来教授人类大脑的基本方面并指导正确的脑电图电极放置。该应用包括两个主要部分:(1)基于标记的AR系统使用Vuforia技术确定头部的尺寸以创建虚拟大脑和虚拟脑电图电极;(2)用户交互与实现。我们使用虚拟头进行了两次实验,以验证标记的大小和工作区域,并使用地面真实数据验证虚拟电极的位置。结果表明,该方法可用于在推荐范围内的电极放置指导。我们的目标是为初学者使用拟议的系统。我们将进一步用人头测试系统,以评估可用性,并确定应用程序改进的关键领域。
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引用次数: 0
Smart greenhouses using internet of things: case study on tomatoes 使用物联网的智能温室:番茄案例研究
IF 1.2 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/ijssis-2022-0019
S. Juneidi
Abstract Many practices are available to apply to smart agricultural methods, defended as allowing monitoring and controlling the environment necessary for the growth of many crops. Due to the random conditions affecting crop growing and cultivation, the idea of greenhouse use is emerging, as a way of managing all variables affecting growth and production of crops. Photosynthesis is the most important process for plants, with three main inputs: water, light, and carbon dioxide. Atmospheric temperature and humidity, soil richness, and plant nutrition are also vital for crop production. This research is concerned with controlling the environment of plants and plant nutrition. The Internet of Things (IoT) is proposed in this research as a solution to control and to manage all of these variables. Most important was to find a method that provides perfect analysis and control of a suitable environment for crops in greenhouses. Smart management of variables to manage crops is becoming a necessity. With IoT we can keep an eye on and manage all variables to grow crops in the best conditions for crop production. This article will discuss the kinds of variables that play important roles in growing a good crop. The next issue is how to retrieve these variables as big data, using sensors; how to save them to the cloud for processing; and then how to create actions according to readings of variables and predefined interdependent relations, with the main aim of better production in smart greenhouses.
摘要许多实践可用于智能农业方法,被辩护为允许监测和控制许多作物生长所需的环境。由于影响作物生长和种植的随机条件,温室使用的想法正在出现,作为一种管理影响农作物生长和生产的所有变量的方法。光合作用是植物最重要的过程,有三个主要输入:水、光和二氧化碳。大气温度和湿度、土壤丰富度和植物营养对作物生产也至关重要。这项研究关注的是控制植物的环境和植物的营养。物联网(IoT)是本研究中提出的一种控制和管理所有这些变量的解决方案。最重要的是找到一种方法,为温室中的作物提供完美的分析和控制环境。对变量进行智能管理以管理作物正成为必要。有了物联网,我们可以关注和管理所有变量,以在作物生产的最佳条件下种植作物。本文将讨论在种植好作物方面发挥重要作用的各种变量。下一个问题是如何使用传感器将这些变量作为大数据进行检索;如何将它们保存到云中进行处理;然后是如何根据变量的读数和预定义的相互依存关系来创造行动,主要目的是在智能温室中更好地生产。
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引用次数: 0
Eigen-structure problem optimization for multirate, multi-input multi-output systems applied to a roll rate autopilot 用于滚转率自动驾驶仪的多速率多输入多输出系统的特征结构优化
IF 1.2 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/ijssis-2022-0008
A. Roosta, Alireza Soltanimehr
Abstract In this paper, an optimal solution to the eigen-structure problem that dramatically reduces the control effort required for a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) multirate system is proposed. This technique not only minimize the amplitude of state transmission and control signal changes but also reduce the sensitivity to the effects of internal sampling in multirate MIMO systems results from interactions of the model order reduction. In this study, a constrained eigen-structure method with nonlinear constraints is used. The novelty of this study is that by using partial derivatives, a gain optimization process to optimize the nonlinearly constrained eigen-structure method is proposed. First, this method is explained, and then the desired method is applied for optimization operations, and finally, the results will be shown with a numerical example and a simulation.
摘要本文针对多输入多输出(MIMO)多速率系统,提出了一种特征结构问题的最优解,该解显著减少了所需的控制工作量。该技术不仅最小化了状态传输和控制信号变化的幅度,而且降低了对多速率MIMO系统中由模型阶数降低的相互作用引起的内部采样影响的敏感性。在本研究中,使用了一种具有非线性约束的约束本征结构方法。本研究的新颖之处在于,通过使用偏导数,提出了一种优化非线性约束本征结构方法的增益优化过程。首先,对该方法进行了解释,然后将所需的方法应用于优化操作,最后,通过数值示例和仿真显示结果。
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引用次数: 0
Fast fourier transform based new pooling layer for deep learning 基于快速傅立叶变换的深度学习新池化层
IF 1.2 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/ijssis-2022-0003
Aqeela Hamad
Abstract Convolution is considered most significant layer in deep learning because it can extract best features of data through the network but it may result in huge volume of data. This problem can be solved by using pooling. In this paper, A novel pooling method is proposed by using discrete Fourier transform (DFT), this method is used DFT technique to transform the data from spatial domain into frequency domain to preserve the most important information from the details coefficients, where the details information of the image is less significant, therefore it can be discarded to down sample the size of dimensions. Its effect will be great with advantage of reducing the eliminated details information as compared with other standard methods. After applying DFT, the most significant coefficients, which represent most important features are cropped while less important details will be discarded then the data are reconstructed by applying inverse DF, therefore the high quality of features are extracted, which solve the problem of losing significant information during the pooling layer. Different methods are proposed based on the scenario of using DFT. The proposed methods are tested by extracting pooled image then the original images were retrieved using only the pooled images. Then the retrieved images are compared with original images by using different measures such as SNR, correlation and SSIM. Then the proposed layers used for image classification for two different datasets. The results proved that the proposed methods outperformed standard methods, thus it can be used for deep learning application.
摘要卷积被认为是深度学习中最重要的一层,因为它可以通过网络提取数据的最佳特征,但可能会产生大量数据。这个问题可以通过使用池来解决。本文利用离散傅立叶变换(DFT)提出了一种新的池化方法,该方法利用DFT技术将数据从空间域转换到频域,以保留细节系数中最重要的信息,其中图像的细节信息不太重要,因此可以丢弃它来降维采样。与其他标准方法相比,其效果将很大,具有减少消除的细节信息的优点。在应用DFT之后,代表最重要特征的最重要系数被裁剪,而不太重要的细节将被丢弃,然后通过应用逆DF来重建数据,从而提取高质量的特征,解决了在池化层期间丢失重要信息的问题。基于使用DFT的场景,提出了不同的方法。通过提取合并图像来测试所提出的方法,然后仅使用合并图像来检索原始图像。然后通过使用诸如SNR、相关性和SSIM之类的不同度量将检索到的图像与原始图像进行比较。然后将所提出的层用于两个不同数据集的图像分类。结果证明,所提出的方法优于标准方法,可用于深度学习应用。
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引用次数: 1
An overview of DLMS/COSEM and g3-plc for smart metering applications DLMS/COSEM和g3 plc在智能计量应用中的概述
IF 1.2 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/ijssis-2022-0011
Thobekile J. Ngcobo, Farzad Ghayoor
Abstract A crucial part of the smart grid communication network is the Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI), connecting a utility company to end-users to support telemetry and remote-control applications. Although different technologies and standards for smart metering systems exist, Power-Line Communication is the preferred technology for AMI networks in dense urban areas, and the G3-PLC, which uses DLMS/COSEM to support data exchange, is the most used standard in PLC-based AMI networks. This paper provides a holistic view of G3-PLC in smart metering systems, including its interaction with the DLMS/COSEM. It also covers the challenges and research opportunities in G3-PLC smart metering systems.
摘要智能电网通信网络的一个关键部分是高级计量基础设施(AMI),它将公用事业公司连接到最终用户,以支持遥测和远程控制应用。尽管智能计量系统存在不同的技术和标准,但电力线通信是密集城市地区AMI网络的首选技术,而使用DLMS/COSEM支持数据交换的G3-PLC是基于PLC的AMI网络中使用最多的标准。本文提供了智能计量系统中G3-PLC的整体视图,包括它和DLMS/COSEM的交互。它还涵盖了G3-PLC智能计量系统的挑战和研究机会。
{"title":"An overview of DLMS/COSEM and g3-plc for smart metering applications","authors":"Thobekile J. Ngcobo, Farzad Ghayoor","doi":"10.2478/ijssis-2022-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijssis-2022-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A crucial part of the smart grid communication network is the Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI), connecting a utility company to end-users to support telemetry and remote-control applications. Although different technologies and standards for smart metering systems exist, Power-Line Communication is the preferred technology for AMI networks in dense urban areas, and the G3-PLC, which uses DLMS/COSEM to support data exchange, is the most used standard in PLC-based AMI networks. This paper provides a holistic view of G3-PLC in smart metering systems, including its interaction with the DLMS/COSEM. It also covers the challenges and research opportunities in G3-PLC smart metering systems.","PeriodicalId":45623,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48443090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The ordinary negative changing refractive index for estimation of optical confinement factor 用普通的负变化折射率估计光约束系数
IF 1.2 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/ijssis-2022-0009
A. S. Abdullah, Sadeq Adnan Hbeeb
Abstract The electro-optic effect is considered very important in optical communication systems. The small optical confinement factor is attributed to the weak overlap between the electric field and optical wave and hence the optical signal is not efficiently modulated. In this paper, the problem of the small optical confinement factor in the Mach–Zehnder modulator based on lithium niobate (LN) which is deeply studied. The data were analyzed through a proposed mathematical model to explain the relationship between the change in the ordinary negative refractive index and the confinement factor. The system is improved using a small length of the modulator arm as only 3 to 8 µm, low driving power of about 4 V/µm, a large change in the negative ordinary refractive index of about—0.2 × 10−7, and a compact optical modulator. This can reflect a strong optical confinement factor when the electric field is applied to the electrodes of the optical modulator.
摘要电光效应在光通信系统中被认为是非常重要的。小的光学限制因子归因于电场和光波之间的弱重叠,因此光学信号没有被有效地调制。本文对基于铌酸锂(LN)的马赫-曾德尔调制器中的小光学约束因子问题进行了深入研究。通过所提出的数学模型对数据进行分析,以解释普通负折射率的变化与限制因子之间的关系。该系统使用仅为3至8µm的小长度调制器臂、约4 V/µm的低驱动功率、约-0.2×10−7的负普通折射率的大变化以及紧凑的光学调制器进行了改进。当电场被施加到光调制器的电极时,这可以反映出强的光学限制因子。
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引用次数: 1
A novel optimal approach for control law of multi-rate systems with different rate operations 具有不同速率操作的多速率系统控制律的一种新的优化方法
IF 1.2 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2022-0001
A. Roosta, Alireza Soltanimehr
Abstract The main purpose of this study is to propose a method to achieve optimal response and performance of the multi rate systems in existence of different sampling rates and to avoid data losses in such systems. In this paper, a new approach based on the multi-rate digital system is proposed. Based on this method, we will be able to maintain optimal performance of these systems without losing data, in addition to establishing connections between subsystems with different sampling rates. By the proposed method, not only the effect of different sampling rates in multi-rate systems is ignored, but also, we can connect subsystems with different rate operations without compromising system performance and data loss which simplified system design and sensor selection by the digital system designers. This means the designer can choose any sensor without concerning about the sampling rate and the operation rate of the system and matching them together. Finally, a guided missile with different sampling rates between the seeker, autopilot, guidance law and the output feedback are simulated and its effective performance in pursuit, hitting and smooth motion toward the target in a motion scenario is shown.
摘要本研究的主要目的是提出一种方法,在存在不同采样率的情况下,实现多速率系统的最佳响应和性能,并避免此类系统中的数据丢失。本文提出了一种基于多速率数字系统的新方法。基于这种方法,除了在具有不同采样率的子系统之间建立连接外,我们将能够在不丢失数据的情况下保持这些系统的最佳性能。通过所提出的方法,不仅忽略了多速率系统中不同采样率的影响,而且我们可以在不影响系统性能和数据丢失的情况下连接具有不同速率操作的子系统,这简化了数字系统设计者的系统设计和传感器选择。这意味着设计者可以选择任何传感器,而不必考虑系统的采样率和操作率并将它们匹配在一起。最后,对导引头、自动驾驶仪、制导律和输出反馈之间具有不同采样率的制导导弹进行了仿真,并展示了其在运动场景中对目标的追击、打击和平滑运动的有效性能。
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引用次数: 0
A novel design of a smart interactive guiding robot for busy airports 一种用于繁忙机场的智能交互式引导机器人的新设计
IF 1.2 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/ijssis-2022-0017
Hoa T. Tran, Thanh C. Vo, Quan NA. Nguyen, Quang N. Pham, Duyen M. Ha, Thanh Q. Le, Thang K. Nguyen, Dong LT. Tran, Hai T. Do, M. T. Nguyen
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has had a massive impact on the global aviation industry. As a result, the airline industry has been forced to embrace new technologies and procedures in order to provide a more secure and bio-safe travel. Currently, the role of smart technology in airport systems has expanded significantly as a result of the contemporary Industry 4.0 context. The article presents a novel construction of an intelligent mobile robot system to guide passengers to take the plane at the departure terminals at busy airports. The robot provides instructions to the customer through the interaction between the robot and the customer utilizing voice communications. The usage of the Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API combined with technical machine learning to analyze and understand the customer's requirements are deployed. In addition, we use a face detection technique based on Multi-task Cascaded Convolutional Networks (MTCNN) to predict the distance between the robot and passengers to perform the function. The robot can guide passengers to desired areas in the terminal. The results and evaluation of the implementation process are also mentioned in the article and show promise.
新冠肺炎疫情对全球航空业产生了巨大影响。因此,航空业被迫采用新技术和新程序,以提供更安全和生物安全的旅行。目前,智能技术在机场系统中的作用在当代工业4.0背景下得到了显著扩展。本文提出了一种新颖的智能移动机器人系统结构,用于在繁忙的机场出发航站楼引导旅客登机。该机器人利用语音通信,通过机器人与客户之间的交互向客户提供指令。使用谷歌云语音到文本API结合技术机器学习来分析和理解客户的需求。此外,我们使用基于多任务级联卷积网络(MTCNN)的人脸检测技术来预测机器人与乘客之间的距离以执行该功能。该机器人可以引导乘客到达航站楼的指定区域。文章还提到了实施过程的结果和评价,并显示出希望。
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引用次数: 1
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International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems
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