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Interactive, Artistic, Fun, and Weird: Exploring Facilitators and Challenges to Youth Engagement across In-Person, Virtual, and Hybrid Pregnancy Prevention Programs 互动、艺术、有趣和怪异:探索面对面、虚拟和混合怀孕预防项目中青少年参与的促进因素和挑战
IF 1.2 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-11-22 DOI: 10.1080/15546128.2022.2139034
M. McFarlane, Balca Alaybek, Anna Schatz, J. Painter, Gordon P. Olsen, Kathryn M. Hogan, Tondi Mondoloka, Hanzhe Zhang, J. McCleary-Sills, Alicia Richmond
Although U.S. adolescent birth rates in general have declined in recent decades, they continue to be a primary public health concern due to notable disparities among adolescent birth rates. In response, pregnancy prevention program development has increasingly focused on understanding how to better serve the needs of adolescents in underserved populations. To inform future program development and implementation efforts, this qualitative study explored which attributes of programs facilitated and hindered youth engagement. We collected data from educators (N = 43) and a subset of youth program participants (N = 249) from programs implemented by 14 organizations in different community-based settings. We used three data collection methods: (1) post-session surveys completed by educators, (2) post-program implementation interviews with educators, and (3) individual and focus group interviews with youth participants. Qualitative analyses revealed that educators who skillfully facilitated interactive activities and safe and inclusive learning environments promoted engagement. Feeling uncomfortable and awkward during program activities, learning in mixed-gender settings, and COVID-19 disruptions hindered engagement. Additionally, we found that youth participants had conflicting views on learning about sexual relationships at churches. Participants and educators had conflicting views on the benefit of youth attending programs with previously acquainted friends. © 2022 The MITRE Corporation.
尽管近几十年来美国青少年出生率总体上有所下降,但由于青少年出生率的显著差异,青少年生育率仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题。作为回应,预防怀孕项目的发展越来越关注于了解如何更好地满足服务不足人群中青少年的需求。为了为未来的项目开发和实施工作提供信息,本定性研究探讨了项目的哪些属性促进和阻碍了青年的参与。我们收集了来自教育工作者(N = 43)和青少年项目参与者(N = 249)的数据,这些参与者来自14个组织在不同的社区环境中实施的项目。我们使用了三种数据收集方法:(1)由教育工作者完成的课程后调查,(2)对教育工作者的课程实施后访谈,以及(3)对青年参与者的个人和焦点小组访谈。定性分析显示,熟练地促进互动活动和安全和包容的学习环境的教育者促进了参与。在项目活动中感到不舒服和尴尬,在混合性别环境中学习,以及COVID-19中断阻碍了参与。此外,我们发现青年参与者对在教堂学习性关系有不同的看法。参与者和教育工作者对青少年与以前认识的朋友参加项目的好处有不同的看法。©2022米特公司。
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引用次数: 0
The Current Status of Sex Education in U.S. Colleges and Universities: A School Website Content Review 美国高校性教育现状:学校网站内容综述
IF 1.2 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-10-12 DOI: 10.1080/15546128.2022.2130489
Aya Shigeto, L. Scheier
Abstract This study used a website content analysis to examine the prevalence of sex education in higher education institutions throughout the US. A total of 413 postsecondary institutions varying in type (public, private) and size (small, medium, large) were chosen via stratified random sampling. Each of the 413 school websites was reviewed to determine whether sexual health programs, sexual violence prevention programs, and basic sexual health information and resources were provided to their school community. Results show that the majority of institutions reviewed, regardless of the type and size, provided sexual assault prevention programs, whereas a smaller proportion of institutions (mostly public and large) provided sexual health programs. Findings confirm the importance and urgency of allocating more resources to comprehensive sex education in US higher education.
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引用次数: 1
“Shouting into the Void”: Experiences of Virtual Sex Educators during the COVID-19 Pandemic “向空虚呐喊”:新冠肺炎大流行期间虚拟性教育者的经历
IF 1.2 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-10-09 DOI: 10.1080/15546128.2022.2127433
Elleri A. Scriver
Abstract Virtual sexuality education has become increasingly significant since the COVID-19 pandemic began. This research seeks to investigate the common challenges and successes, professional resources, and online tools among sexuality educators teaching virtually during the COVID-19 pandemic. Curriculum adaptation, engagement, trust/connection, and professional support were the most common areas of concern for educators; lack of available online tools seemed unproblematic; technological access presented a significant barrier for rural and marginalized students; and experiences of success did not fall into a clearly defined “best practices” strategy but rather responded to the specific needs of the classroom context. These findings join pre-COVID discussions around sexuality websites and best practices for curriculum adaptation, and suggest a refocus of professional discussion away from listing online tools and toward discussions around strategies for adapting material, promoting engagement, increasing student access, and building trust.
摘要自新冠肺炎疫情开始以来,虚拟性教育变得越来越重要。这项研究旨在调查新冠肺炎大流行期间性教育者在虚拟教学中的共同挑战和成功、专业资源和在线工具。课程调整、参与、信任/联系和专业支持是教育工作者最关心的领域;缺乏可用的在线工具似乎没有问题;获得技术是农村和边缘化学生的一大障碍;成功的经验并不属于明确定义的“最佳实践”战略,而是对课堂环境的具体需求作出了回应。这些发现加入了新冠疫情前围绕性网站和课程调整最佳实践的讨论,并建议将专业讨论的重点从列出在线工具转向围绕调整材料、促进参与、增加学生访问和建立信任的策略的讨论。
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引用次数: 1
Important Conversations: Exploring Parental Experiences in Providing Sexuality Education for Their Children with Intellectual Disabilities 重要对话:探讨家长为智障子女提供性教育的经验
IF 1.2 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/15546128.2022.2082617
Ruth M. Eyres, William C. Hunter, Alison Happel-Parkins, R. Williamson, L. Casey
Abstract Parents typically serve as the primary sexuality educators for their children. This qualitative research explored the experiences of parents from Arkansas in providing sexuality education to their children with intellectual disabilities. Semi-structured interviews were used to obtain the perspective of parents, followed by transcription and coding of data. The analysis of the interview data resulted in several themes related to effective comprehensive sexuality education. Themes discussed in this paper include the individual and unique needs of each child and their family, parents needing collaborative support from other knowledgeable adults, and clear communication in relation to communication partners, communication mode, and regarding topics and skills deemed necessary by parents.
摘要父母通常是孩子的主要性教育者。本质性研究探讨了阿肯色州父母为智障儿童提供性教育的经验。采用半结构化访谈法获取家长的观点,然后对数据进行转录和编码。通过对访谈数据的分析,得出了与有效的综合性教育相关的几个主题。本文讨论的主题包括每个孩子及其家庭的个人和独特需求,父母需要其他知识渊博的成年人的协作支持,以及与沟通伙伴,沟通模式以及父母认为必要的主题和技能相关的清晰沟通。
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引用次数: 3
County-Level School Sex Education Policy: A Single State Analysis of the Association with Adolescent Birth and Sexually Transmitted Infections 县级学校性教育政策:与青少年生育和性传播感染相关的单州分析
IF 1.2 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/15546128.2022.2091697
Gaia L. Zori, Steve Foti, Mark Hart
Abstract Substantial evidence supports comprehensive sex education programs as effective means of promoting adolescent sexual health, but evidence on the effect of state-level sex education policy is inconclusive. Multiple states in the U.S. afford local authority in school policy, and existing literature calls for investigation of the impact of local interpretation and implementation of sex education policy. This study is the first to assess the association between stated county policy and select adolescent sexual health outcomes. In this single state multivariate analysis, stated county policy was not significantly associated with adolescent birth or sexually transmitted infections. The incongruity of evidence between the impacts of sex education programs and policies on teen birth and STIs in Florida suggests that implementation of policy and delivery of sex education at the district or school level may not align with stated county policy and may be a critical mediating factor, confirming an area of essential future research in sex education.
大量证据支持综合性教育作为促进青少年性健康的有效手段,但关于国家级性教育政策效果的证据尚无定论。美国的许多州在学校政策上都有地方权威,现有的文献呼吁调查地方对性教育政策的解释和实施的影响。这项研究是第一个评估国家政策和选择青少年性健康结果之间关系的研究。在这个单州多变量分析中,声明的县政策与青少年生育或性传播感染没有显著关联。在佛罗里达州,性教育项目和政策对青少年生育和性传播感染的影响之间的证据不一致表明,学区或学校层面的性教育政策的实施和交付可能与县政策不一致,这可能是一个关键的中介因素,确认了未来性教育的一个重要研究领域。
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引用次数: 0
Differences in Important Components of Sexual Satisfaction as Identified and Experienced by Undergraduate Males and Females 大学生男女性满意度重要组成部分的差异
IF 1.2 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-09-20 DOI: 10.1080/15546128.2022.2124211
K. Vail-Smith, B. Chaney, Megan Williams
Abstract Few studies explore the components of sexual satisfaction as specified by college students. This cross-sectional study examined sexual satisfaction at the event level for undergraduate students (n = 1,090), focusing on differences between males/females. Survey results revealed for both males and females, being comfortable with a partner, experiencing orgasm, and having a partner “with skills” predicted sexual satisfaction. Satisfied males reported feeling safe with their partners, spent time touching/kissing, and had “romantic” partners. Satisfied females had partners with previous sexual experience, whom they desired, and vice-versa. These findings can inform comprehensive sexuality education efforts to incorporate the teaching of satisfaction into sexual health.
摘要很少有研究探讨大学生性满意度的具体组成部分。这项横断面研究调查了本科生(n = 1090),重点关注男性/女性之间的差异。调查结果显示,对于男性和女性来说,与伴侣相处舒适、经历性高潮以及有一个“有技能”的伴侣可以预测性满意度。满意的男性报告说,与伴侣在一起感到安全,花时间触摸/亲吻,并有“浪漫”的伴侣。满意的女性拥有她们想要的有过性经验的伴侣,反之亦然。这些发现可以为全面的性教育工作提供信息,将满意度教学纳入性健康。
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引用次数: 0
Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Risky Sexual Behavior among Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review 青少年自尊与危险性行为关系的系统评价
IF 1.2 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-09-09 DOI: 10.1080/15546128.2022.2118199
J. Ahn, Youngran Yang
Abstract This systematic review aimed to understand the effects of self-esteem on risky sexual behavior (RSB) among adolescents and young adults. We followed the procedures outlined in the Cooper’s five-step approach, and used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 reporting requirements. Published studies were identified using nine electronic databases. Studies were included based on (a) a focus on populations aged between 10 and 25 years; (b) an examination of the association between self-esteem-related factors, in line with RSB outcomes among adolescents and young adults; and (c) early sexual debut before 16 years, having multiple sex partners, and unprotected sex. In total, 11,216 studies were identified, of which nine studies met the inclusion criteria. All articles received high quality ratings. Despite methodological limitations, results showed that early sexual debut positively associated with self-esteem among female participants; condom use showed a negative association with lower self-esteem among female participants, while condom use decreased with decreasing self-esteem. Several sexual partners were found not to be associated with self-esteem. Intervention programs to increase the self-esteem of adolescents are recommended by educators to reduce risky sexual behavior among adolescents and young adults. Moreover, subsequent studies should develop instruments that assess self-esteem using subscales and educational programs that enhance healthy self-esteem development and correct sexual norms in peer groups and local communities. KEY MESSAGE Early sexual debut was positively associated with self-esteem, and condom use negatively associated with self-esteem among adolescents. Intervention programs are recommended to establish healthy self-esteem and reduce risky sexual behavior among adolescents and young adults. Future research should consider self-esteem as a pertinent aspect of sexual behaviors (e.g., physical pride, romantic capacity, and sexual autonomy).
摘要本系统综述旨在了解自尊对青少年和年轻人危险性行为(RSB)的影响。我们遵循了库珀五步方法中概述的程序,并使用了系统审查和荟萃分析(PRISMA)2020报告要求的首选报告项目。使用九个电子数据库确定了已发表的研究。纳入的研究基于(a)对10至25岁人群的关注 年;(b) 根据青少年和年轻人的RSB结果,检查自尊相关因素之间的关系;以及(c)16岁之前的早期性行为 年,有多个性伴侣,以及无保护的性行为。总共确定了11216项研究,其中9项研究符合纳入标准。所有文章都获得了高质量的评价。尽管方法上存在局限性,但研究结果表明,女性参与者的早期性行为与自尊呈正相关;在女性参与者中,安全套的使用与自卑感呈负相关,而安全套的使用则随着自卑感的降低而减少。一些性伴侣被发现与自尊无关。教育工作者建议采取提高青少年自尊的干预计划,以减少青少年和年轻人的危险性行为。此外,后续研究应使用分量表和教育计划开发评估自尊的工具,以促进同龄人和当地社区的健康自尊发展和正确的性规范。关键信息青少年早期性行为与自尊呈正相关,安全套使用与自尊负相关。建议制定干预计划,以建立健康的自尊,减少青少年和年轻人的危险性行为。未来的研究应该将自尊视为性行为的一个相关方面(例如,身体自豪感、浪漫能力和性自主性)。
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引用次数: 2
Exploring African American Adolescent Females’ Sexual Health Beliefs: A Qualitative Secondary Data Analysis 探讨非裔美国青少年女性性健康信念:定性的二次数据分析
IF 1.2 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-08-23 DOI: 10.1080/15546128.2022.2112794
J. Corcoran, Gwendolyn D. Childs, S. Davies, Candace C. Knight, R. Lanzi, Peng Li, S. Ladores
Abstract Purpose The aim of this study was to gain insight into the sexual beliefs of African American adolescent females and yield greater evidence for reframing the methods used to communicate sexual health education information to educators. Design and methods This is a secondary data analysis of a qualitative descriptive study. One-on-one interviews were conducted with 36 African American females ages 12–14. The qualitative data were analyzed using exploratory deductive thematic analysis. Results Three themes emerged from the analysis: (a) perceptions of sexual health education, (b) threat of adverse sexual health outcomes, and (c) perceptions of condom usage. Overall, adolescents had basic sexual health knowledge and accurately appraised their risk for adverse sexual health outcomes. Many adolescents perceived the biggest disadvantage of condom usage was condom ineffectiveness. The greatest barrier to condom usage was male opposition. Adolescents perceived the threat of adverse sexual health outcomes, but the perceived benefits of condom usage in preventing pregnancies and STIs may not outweigh the disadvantages and barriers described by the adolescents. Conclusion The adolescents in this study had knowledge about pregnancies and STIs but lacked the skills necessary to enact safer sex practices.
摘要目的了解非裔美国青少年女性的性观念,为构建教育者的性健康教育方法提供依据。设计与方法这是一项定性描述性研究的二次数据分析。对36名12-14岁的非裔美国女性进行了一对一访谈。采用探索性演绎主题分析对定性数据进行分析。结果分析产生了三个主题:(a)对性健康教育的认识,(b)对不良性健康结果的威胁,以及(c)对避孕套使用的认识。总体而言,青少年具有基本的性健康知识,并能准确地评估其不良性健康结果的风险。许多青少年认为使用避孕套的最大缺点是避孕套无效。使用避孕套的最大障碍是男性的反对。青少年意识到不良性健康后果的威胁,但他们认为使用避孕套在预防怀孕和性传播感染方面的好处可能不会超过青少年所描述的缺点和障碍。结论本研究的青少年对怀孕和性传播感染有一定的了解,但缺乏实施安全性行为所需的技能。
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引用次数: 0
Comprehensive Sexuality Education in Rural Ecologies: An Asset-Based Approach 基于资产的农村生态综合性教育研究
IF 1.2 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-08-23 DOI: 10.1080/15546128.2022.2111011
Eustina Mudhumo, N. Mthiyane
Abstract Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) is a curriculum-based process of teaching and learning where learners are equipped with knowledge to cope with their developmental changes and risky sexual behaviors. Teaching and learning sexuality education has been seen as the responsibility for teachers only, however research indicate that it is a responsibility and collaboration of all stakeholders. Underpinned by an Asset-based approach as the theoretical framework this study addressed this question: “How can an Asset-based approach be utilized to enhance Comprehensive Sexuality Education in rural ecologies?” A case study research design and an interpretive research as the paradigm were adopted. Data were generated using focus group discussions, one-on-one interviews and reflective narratives with teachers, parents, learners, pastor, chief, nurse, social worker and a local business representative and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings pointed out that, the collaboration of various stakeholders enhance the teaching of sexuality education; a strong ongoing partnership between the community and the school should be maintained and sexuality education workshops for young people in collaboration with communities facilitated by social workers. The study concludes that the teaching of Comprehensive Sexuality Education is not a responsibility for schools only, but encourages community-based collaborations and shared activities from the school communities.
摘要综合性教育(CSE)是一个以课程为基础的教学过程,学习者具备应对其发展变化和危险性行为的知识。性教育的教学一直被视为教师的责任,但研究表明,这是所有利益相关者的责任和合作。本研究以基于资产的方法为理论框架,解决了以下问题:“如何利用基于资产的方式来加强农村生态中的全面性教育?”采用了案例研究设计和解释性研究作为范式。数据是通过与教师、家长、学习者、牧师、主任、护士、社会工作者和当地商业代表的焦点小组讨论、一对一访谈和反思性叙述生成的,并使用主题分析进行分析。研究结果指出,各利益相关者的合作加强了性教育教学;社区和学校之间应保持强有力的持续伙伴关系,并在社会工作者的协助下,与社区合作,为年轻人举办性教育讲习班。该研究得出结论,综合性教育的教学不仅仅是学校的责任,而是鼓励学校社区的社区合作和共享活动。
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引用次数: 0
“It’s Our Own Community Where We Can Educate Other People and Educate Each Other”: Youth Perspectives on Staffing a Textline “这是我们自己的社区,我们可以在这里教育他人并相互教育”:年轻人对文本线人员配置的看法
IF 1.2 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-08-22 DOI: 10.1080/15546128.2022.2113197
T. O’Malley, K. Horowitz
Abstract Peer education is a valued strategy for sexuality education and health promotion. Innovative approaches beyond traditional classroom settings offer critical opportunities to support adolescent sexual health. Yet, such models have been rarely used. It’s OK to Ask Someone (IOTAS) is the first to use customized software to enable youth to both ask and answer sexual health questions using cell phones. This article describes an evaluation aimed to understand high school peer educators’ experience staffing IOTAS and perception of how participation impacted their peer education training. Our findings suggest a value in direct peer education opportunities for participants through IOTAS in expanded education and skill development. The health promotion impact of sexuality education using cell phone interventions could be far-reaching for both peer education students and young people outside program participation.
摘要同伴教育是一种有价值的性教育和健康促进策略。传统课堂环境之外的创新方法为支持青少年性健康提供了重要机会。然而,这样的模型很少被使用。It’s OK to Ask Someone(IOTAS)是第一个使用定制软件使年轻人能够使用手机询问和回答性健康问题的公司。本文描述了一项评估,旨在了解高中同伴教育工作者在IOTAS人员配置方面的经验,以及对参与如何影响其同伴教育培训的看法。我们的研究结果表明,通过IOTAS为参与者提供直接的同伴教育机会在扩大教育和技能发展方面具有价值。使用手机干预的性教育对健康促进的影响可能对同伴教育学生和项目参与之外的年轻人产生深远影响。
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引用次数: 0
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American Journal of Sexuality Education
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