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Sonic border raids: The racial acousmatic and contemporary Latinx opera 声波边境突袭:种族声乐与当代拉丁歌剧
IF 0.6 Q3 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1057/s41276-024-00490-2
Alberto Varon

This essay analyzes two contemporary Latinx operas, Cruzar la Cara de la Luna (2010) and Pancho Villa from a Safe Distance (2016), to develop the “acousmatic” as a racialized form of listening. Acousmatic refers to a sound whose source is undetermined, a form of hearing without access to the source of the sound’s production. Contemporary Latinx opera stages a politicized form of acousmatic listening that forces an encounter with what is otherwise unheard, unseen, or refused. I develop this idea to unpack the relationships among race, sound, and performance in this sphere.

这篇文章分析了两部当代拉丁裔歌剧《月之女神》(Cruzar la Cara de la Luna)(2010 年)和《安全距离下的潘乔-比利亚》(Pancho Villa from a Safe Distance)(2016 年),将 "acousmatic "发展为一种种族化的聆听形式。acousmatic "指的是一种来源不明的声音,一种无法接触到声音来源的听觉形式。当代拉美歌剧上演了一种政治化的 "Acousmatic "聆听形式,它迫使人们与原本听不到、看不到或被拒绝的声音相遇。我提出这一观点是为了解读这一领域中种族、声音和表演之间的关系。
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引用次数: 0
“Th’oppressor’s wrong,” or, what’s Hamlet to the Borderlands? "压迫者错了",或者说,哈姆雷特对边疆来说算什么?
IF 0.6 Q3 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1057/s41276-024-00462-6
Kathryn Vomero Santos

This article offers a critical analysis of two poetic appropriations of Hamlet’s “To be or not to be” soliloquy: “El Hamlet Fronterizo” by Guillermo Gómez-Peña and “To be a Pocha or not to be” by Iris De Anda. Both poets use the languages, geographies, and ontological concerns of the US–Mexico Borderlands to reimagine the Danish prince’s famously introspective speech as a performance text that reflects their lived experiences and consciousnesses as border subjects. For Gómez-Peña and De Anda, the figure of Hamlet becomes a means through which to reject Western colonial worldviews, to refuse assimilation, and to center Borderlands ways of knowing, being, and doing. When Hamlet’s soliloquy is reimagined in these ways, the most urgent question is not whether or not to be but rather what it means to be someone whose existence is made vulnerable precisely because it exceeds the increasingly policed boundaries of nation, language, race, and gender.

本文对哈姆雷特 "To be or not to be "独白的两首诗歌进行了批判性分析:"Guillermo Gómez-Peña 的《El Hamlet Fronterizo》和 Iris De Anda 的《To be a Pocha or not to be》。两位诗人都使用了美墨边境地区的语言、地理和本体论关注点,将丹麦王子著名的自省演说重新想象为一种表演文本,反映了他们作为边境主体的生活经验和意识。对于戈麦斯-培尼亚和德安达来说,哈姆雷特的形象成为一种手段,通过这种手段,他们拒绝西方殖民主义世界观,拒绝同化,并将边境地区的认知、存在和行为方式置于中心位置。当哈姆雷特的独白以这些方式被重新想象时,最紧迫的问题不是 "是否存在",而是 "存在 "意味着什么,而 "存在 "之所以变得脆弱,正是因为它超越了民族、语言、种族和性别等日益受到管制的界限。
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引用次数: 0
So-called essential but treated as disposable: Northern California farmworkers working under COVID-19 所谓的必需品,却被当作一次性用品:在 COVID-19 下工作的北加州农场工人
IF 0.6 Q3 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-08 DOI: 10.1057/s41276-024-00482-2
Natalia Deeb-Sossa, Mónica Torreiro-Casal, Alvaro Medel-Herrero

The workplace emerged as a primary site of infectious disease during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in occupations having little to no social distancing or potential for remote work. The pandemic had a huge impact on the physical and mental health of farmworkers, and it exposed the labor-market inequities in the United States, exacerbated by the lack of preventive measures to protect these vulnerable workers. In this paper, we use a social constructionist perspective to explore the meaning of “essential worker” by interviewing thirty farmworkers who during the pandemic came to work in a labor market shaped by exploitation and oppression and related unsafe working conditions. We argue that these workers, who are considered “essential” but treated as disposable, work under structural racist capitalism, and our findings contribute to a better understanding of how these Northern California farmworkers perceive being essential under these working conditions.

在 COVID-19 大流行期间,工作场所成为传染病的主要传播场所,尤其是在几乎没有社会距离或可能进行远程工作的职业中。大流行对农场工人的身心健康产生了巨大影响,暴露了美国劳动力市场的不平等,而缺乏保护这些弱势工人的预防措施又加剧了这种不平等。在本文中,我们从社会建构主义的视角出发,通过采访 30 名农场工人,探讨了 "基本工人 "的含义,这些工人在大流行病期间来到一个受剥削和压迫以及相关不安全工作条件影响的劳动力市场工作。我们认为,这些被认为是 "基本 "但却被视为可有可无的工人是在结构性种族主义资本主义下工作的,我们的研究结果有助于更好地理解这些北加州农场工人如何看待在这种工作条件下的 "基本"。
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引用次数: 0
Visualizing imperial encounters: PLACA and US-Central American solidarity murals in San Francisco’s Mission District 将帝国相遇视觉化:旧金山传教区的 PLACA 和美国-中美洲团结壁画
IF 0.6 Q3 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1057/s41276-024-00480-4
Mauricio Ernesto Ramírez

This article examines two 1984 murals—Keeping the Peace in Central America and Culture Contains the Seed of Resistance, Which Blossoms into the Flower of Liberation—painted in San Francisco’s Mission District by members of PLACA, a multi-ethnic collective of thirty-six mural activists. I discuss how the artists depicted imperial encounters in their murals dedicated to US-Central American solidarity as a strategy for building transnational support for Central American liberation movements in the 1980s. PLACA transformed Balmy Alley by creating twenty-seven murals protesting US intervention in Central America and celebrating Central American culture. The collective played a pivotal role in transforming Balmy Alley and manifested the larger Central American solidarity movement taking place across the United States.

本文研究了两幅 1984 年的壁画--《在中美洲维持和平》和《文化蕴含着抵抗的种子,绽放出解放之花》--这两幅壁画是由 PLACA(一个由 36 名壁画活动家组成的多民族集体)成员在旧金山传教区绘制的。我将讨论艺术家们如何在他们的壁画中描绘帝国的遭遇,并将其作为一种策略,在 20 世纪 80 年代为中美洲解放运动建立跨国支持。PLACA 创作了 27 幅壁画,抗议美国对中美洲的干预,并颂扬中美洲文化,从而改变了巴尔米巷。该集体在改造巴尔米胡同方面发挥了关键作用,并体现了在美国各地开展的更大规模的中美洲团结运动。
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引用次数: 0
Seeing the unseen: abjection, social death, and neoliberal implication in Héctor Tobar’s The Tattooed Soldier 看到看不见的东西:赫克托-托巴尔《纹身士兵》中的排斥、社会死亡和新自由主义暗示
IF 0.6 Q3 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1057/s41276-024-00479-x
Isabel Quintana Wulf

This article analyzes Héctor Tobar’s The Tattooed Soldier as a hemispheric critique of racialization and social dispossession bridging the gap between Central America and the United States. Examining the homeless and the refugee subjects in the novel as structurally equivalent, the article explores the ramifications of internal and external displacements in relation to the protections of citizenship and political asylum. It explores how neoliberal ideologies and practices allow for the creation and naturalization of urban spaces of abjection, effectively condoning the social death of subjects not deemed worthy of respect or social value. In doing so, the article demonstrates how social and spatial dispossession is subsumed into everyday life, becoming naturalized and invisible. It demonstrates how social and political disenfranchisement are constructed discursively and spatially, considering the novel’s stories of immigration and asylum-seeking not only as Latina/o/x stories but also as intrinsic parts of the stories that constitute the United States.

本文分析了赫克托-托巴尔(Héctor Tobar)的《纹身士兵》(The Tattooed Soldier),将其视为对种族化和社会剥夺的半球批判,在中美洲和美国之间架起了一座桥梁。文章将小说中的无家可归者和难民视为结构上等同的主体,探讨了境内外流离失所对公民身份保护和政治庇护的影响。文章探讨了新自由主义的意识形态和实践如何允许城市排斥空间的产生和自然化,从而有效地纵容了被认为不值得尊重或社会价值的主体的社会死亡。在此过程中,文章展示了社会和空间的剥夺是如何被归入日常生活,变得自然化和无形的。文章展示了社会和政治权利的剥夺是如何在话语和空间上被建构的,将小说中的移民和寻求庇护的故事不仅视为拉丁裔/有色人种的故事,也视为构成美国的故事的内在组成部分。
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引用次数: 0
Yo Cuento: transmedia testimonios and Latinx participation in the outdoor diversity movement Yo Cuento:跨媒体见证和拉美裔参与户外多样性运动
IF 0.6 Q3 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1057/s41276-024-00478-y
Sarah D. Wald

This essay examines the cultural stakes of Latinx involvement in the outdoor diversity movement through a close reading of the organization Latino Outdoors’ blog, Yo Cuento. Contributors to Yo Cuento conceptualize Latinx outdoor engagement and environmentalism as rooted in transnational notions of family, place, and community rather than US national identity and individuality. Yo Cuento challenges the structures of racial capitalism that attempt to reduce Latinxs to their productivity and labor identities. In celebrating Latinx leisure, blog contributors reclaim a pleasurable relationship to the environment severed by colonialism, immigration, and economic exploitation. The transmedia testimonios of Yo Cuento collectively produce a Latinx outdoor recreation identity that reclaims a pleasurable, unproductive, shared (rather than possessive) relationship with the more-than-human world.

本文通过细读拉丁裔户外运动组织的博客 Yo Cuento,探讨了拉丁裔参与户外多样性运动的文化利害关系。Yo Cuento 的撰稿人将拉美裔户外活动和环保主义概念化为根植于家庭、地方和社区的跨国概念,而非美国民族身份和个性。Yo Cuento 挑战种族资本主义的结构,这种结构试图将拉美人简化为生产力和劳动力身份。通过庆祝拉美休闲,博客撰稿人重新找回了被殖民主义、移民和经济剥削割裂的与环境的愉悦关系。Yo Cuento "的跨媒体见证共同创造了一种拉美裔户外休闲身份,重新找回了一种愉悦的、非生产性的、与超人类世界共享(而非占有)的关系。
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引用次数: 0
Under the guise of Latinidad: Latinx ambiguity and ethno-racial identifications in Switched at Birth 在拉丁化的伪装下:出生即被调换》中拉丁美洲人的模糊性和种族认同
IF 0.6 Q3 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-17 DOI: 10.1057/s41276-024-00471-5
Laura Michelle Fernández

This article examines the performance of Latinidad in the television show Switched at Birth (2011–2017) by excavating how Latinidad is used as a mask-like prop that characters can easily put on or discard depending on their ethno-racial and economic contexts. By connecting media, Latinx, and performance studies, this article demonstrates how popular television series exploit Latinx identities and render them commodities that are easily consumable by the presumed white viewer. Through an analysis of the show’s two teenaged “Latinx” characters—Bay Kennish and Daphne Vasquez—this study focuses on how one can presumably become and unbecome Latinx if one happens to fit a certain idealized image of Latinidad. In examining the policing and erasing of Latinx identity in the show, this article contributes to the growing field of Latinx pop culture studies by illustrating how shows like Switched at Birth fail to provide a sense of cultural belonging for Latinx audiences.

本文探讨了电视剧《生死时速》(Switched at Birth,2011-2017 年)中拉美裔的表演,揭示了拉美裔如何被用作一种类似面具的道具,角色可以根据其民族-种族和经济背景轻松戴上或丢弃面具。通过将媒体、拉美裔和表演研究联系起来,本文展示了流行电视剧如何利用拉美裔身份,并使其成为假定的白人观众可以轻松消费的商品。通过对剧中两个青少年 "拉丁裔 "角色--贝-肯尼什(Bay Kennish)和达芙妮-瓦斯奎兹(Daphne Vasquez)--的分析,本研究重点探讨了如果一个人碰巧符合某种理想化的拉丁裔形象,他是如何成为或不成为拉丁裔的。通过研究该剧中对拉丁裔身份的监控和抹杀,本文说明了《一出生就被调包》等剧如何未能为拉丁裔观众提供文化归属感,从而为不断发展的拉丁裔流行文化研究领域做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Requiem for desaparecidos, migrants and the assaulted women in the borderlands: Across A Hundred Mountains by Reyna Grande and The Guardians by Ana Castillo 为边境地区的失踪者、移民和被殴打妇女献上安魂曲:雷娜-格兰德(Reyna Grande)的《穿越百座山》和安娜-卡斯蒂略(Ana Castillo)的《守护者》。
IF 0.6 Q3 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1057/s41276-024-00476-0
Ruth N. Solarte-Hensgen

This article examines how the novels Across a Hundred Mountains (2006) by Reyna Grande and The Guardians (2007) by Ana Castillo participate in a hemispheric conversation about migration, disappearance, and gender violence. The article considers these two works of fiction within the context of the vanishing of immigrants in the borderlands and the subsequent search and mourning endured by the relatives. The study invokes the concept of sovereignty to establish a link between the disappearances at the border and authoritarian regimes, which is visible through Giorgio Agamben’s paradigm of homo sacer, an individual stripped of legal status and exposed to death. Further, the article analyzes how these novels focus on the precarious living conditions, violence, and oppressive circumstances of families left behind.

本文探讨了雷娜-格兰德(Reyna Grande)的小说《跨越百座山》(2006 年)和安娜-卡斯蒂略(Ana Castillo)的小说《守护者》(2007 年)是如何参与有关移民、失踪和性别暴力的半球对话的。文章以移民在边境地区的失踪以及亲属随后的寻找和哀悼为背景,对这两部小说作品进行了研究。研究引用了主权的概念,在边境失踪事件与专制政权之间建立了联系,这在乔治-阿甘本(Giorgio Agamben)的 "圣者"(homo sacer)范式中显而易见,圣者是一个被剥夺了法律地位并面临死亡的个体。此外,文章还分析了这些小说是如何关注留守家庭岌岌可危的生活条件、暴力和压迫环境的。
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引用次数: 0
Placing justice and joy in Latinx studies 将正义与欢乐融入拉丁研究
IF 0.6 Q3 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1057/s41276-024-00470-6
Frances R. Aparicio

Este ensayo fue presentado por primera vez como el discurso de apertura en el congreso nacional de la Asociacion de Estudios Latinos en Tempe, Arizona, en abril del 2024.

这篇文章于 2024 年 4 月在亚利桑那州坦佩举行的拉美裔研究协会全国会议上首次作为主旨发言发表。
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引用次数: 0
Forging a psychological solidarity: from the community mental health movement to Latinx life coaching in the South Bronx 打造心理团结:从社区心理健康运动到南布朗克斯的拉丁裔生活指导
IF 0.6 Q3 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1057/s41276-024-00465-3
Ana Y. Ramos-Zayas

The therapeutic modality of life coaching has been frequently associated with white middle and upper-middle classes and an attempt to align “the self” with neoliberal expectations. Drawing from archival work and virtual ethnographic fieldwork among a Latinx life coaching program and its participants during the COVID-19 pandemic, I consider an alternative form of life coaching that attracts women of color across classes and racial backgrounds. In this essay, foregrounding historical and contemporary politics of psychological care and wellness practices among Puerto Ricans in the South Bronx, I demonstrate the lingering influence of the 1970s community mental health movement on Latinx life coaching, a field that has experienced a monumental increase in the last two decades or so. I propose the concept of “psychological solidarity” to describe how this program’s participants have turned to Latinx life coaching modalities to articulate gendered perspectives on colonial subjectivity and sociality.

生活指导的治疗模式经常与白人中产阶级和中上层阶级联系在一起,并试图使 "自我 "符合新自由主义的期望。在 COVID-19 大流行期间,我通过对一个拉丁裔生活指导项目及其参与者的档案工作和虚拟人种学实地调查,考虑了一种吸引不同阶层和种族背景的有色人种女性的另类生活指导形式。在这篇文章中,我从南布朗克斯区波多黎各人心理护理和健康实践的历史和当代政治角度出发,展示了 20 世纪 70 年代社区心理健康运动对拉美裔生活指导的持久影响,而拉美裔生活指导在过去二十多年中经历了巨大的发展。我提出了 "心理团结 "的概念,以描述该计划的参与者是如何利用拉美裔生活辅导模式来阐述关于殖民主体性和社会性的性别观点的。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Latino Studies
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