Pub Date : 2023-08-07DOI: 10.1080/0023656x.2023.2243442
Eric B. Dent, Craig Randall
{"title":"North American Aviation’s dramatic transformation and the influence of Moral Re-Armament in 1941-1945","authors":"Eric B. Dent, Craig Randall","doi":"10.1080/0023656x.2023.2243442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0023656x.2023.2243442","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45777,"journal":{"name":"Labor History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46321663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-03DOI: 10.1080/0023656x.2023.2243444
G. Rydén
{"title":"Making iron, producing space! How coerced work defined a Swedish early modern ironmaking region","authors":"G. Rydén","doi":"10.1080/0023656x.2023.2243444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0023656x.2023.2243444","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45777,"journal":{"name":"Labor History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48035129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-28DOI: 10.1080/0023656X.2023.2237702
P. Arun, Avdhesh Kumar
provides a detailed account of how data drive the work of truckers and the trucking industry in the U
详细介绍了数据如何推动美国卡车司机和卡车运输行业的工作
{"title":"Data driven: truckers technology, and the new workplace surveillance","authors":"P. Arun, Avdhesh Kumar","doi":"10.1080/0023656X.2023.2237702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0023656X.2023.2237702","url":null,"abstract":"provides a detailed account of how data drive the work of truckers and the trucking industry in the U","PeriodicalId":45777,"journal":{"name":"Labor History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47482065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-19DOI: 10.1080/0023656X.2023.2237904
J. Battista
ABSTRACT This article takes a step in identifying a more accurate economic history of deindustrialization. Following the extension of the timeline of deindustrialization and its divorce from the 1970s, this article examines the reasons for production facility relocation our of Detroit, prior to the 1970s. Given that the process of deindustrialization occurred prior to 1970, the reasons must be reevaluated. To this end, this article examines one of the lesser investigated reasons that auto corporations moved their production facilities out of Detroit; organized labor. It shows that organized labor was one of the driving factors of production facility relocation. This article makes use of multiple collections housed in the Reuther Archives at Wayne State University in relation to organized labor, as well as union density data. This article details how and why production facilities were pushed out of Detroit in an effort to evade organized labor.
{"title":"Deindustrialization of Detroit: the push of organized labor","authors":"J. Battista","doi":"10.1080/0023656X.2023.2237904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0023656X.2023.2237904","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article takes a step in identifying a more accurate economic history of deindustrialization. Following the extension of the timeline of deindustrialization and its divorce from the 1970s, this article examines the reasons for production facility relocation our of Detroit, prior to the 1970s. Given that the process of deindustrialization occurred prior to 1970, the reasons must be reevaluated. To this end, this article examines one of the lesser investigated reasons that auto corporations moved their production facilities out of Detroit; organized labor. It shows that organized labor was one of the driving factors of production facility relocation. This article makes use of multiple collections housed in the Reuther Archives at Wayne State University in relation to organized labor, as well as union density data. This article details how and why production facilities were pushed out of Detroit in an effort to evade organized labor.","PeriodicalId":45777,"journal":{"name":"Labor History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49657325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-17DOI: 10.1080/0023656X.2023.2233909
Zimian He, Hua-dong Jiang, Panpan Gao
ABSTRACT As an important component of China’s social security system, the housing provident fund (HPF) scheme has seen its fairness called into question. Based on the data from the China Household Finance Survey in 2017, this paper uses the least squares method and the unconditional quantile regression and decomposition method to study the wage gap between the state and non-state sectors from the perspective of the HPF. Its findings suggest that the HPF is an important component of the state-sector wage premium. That is, whether wages include the HPF affects the direction and significance of the sectoral wage gap. A closer look reveals that in the state sector, low-income workers benefit less from the HPF scheme than middle- and high-income workers. The breakdown of the wage gap within the state sector indicates that the wage premium for the middle- and high-income bracket and for the high-income bracket are mainly credited to the differences in individual characteristics of state-sector workers, while the wage premium obtained by the middle- and low-income bracket takes the form of the sectoral wage level, which benefits from the HPF system to some extent.
{"title":"Wage gap between the State and non-State sectors in China: a study from the perspective of the Housing Provident Fund Scheme","authors":"Zimian He, Hua-dong Jiang, Panpan Gao","doi":"10.1080/0023656X.2023.2233909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0023656X.2023.2233909","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT As an important component of China’s social security system, the housing provident fund (HPF) scheme has seen its fairness called into question. Based on the data from the China Household Finance Survey in 2017, this paper uses the least squares method and the unconditional quantile regression and decomposition method to study the wage gap between the state and non-state sectors from the perspective of the HPF. Its findings suggest that the HPF is an important component of the state-sector wage premium. That is, whether wages include the HPF affects the direction and significance of the sectoral wage gap. A closer look reveals that in the state sector, low-income workers benefit less from the HPF scheme than middle- and high-income workers. The breakdown of the wage gap within the state sector indicates that the wage premium for the middle- and high-income bracket and for the high-income bracket are mainly credited to the differences in individual characteristics of state-sector workers, while the wage premium obtained by the middle- and low-income bracket takes the form of the sectoral wage level, which benefits from the HPF system to some extent.","PeriodicalId":45777,"journal":{"name":"Labor History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48075697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-12DOI: 10.1080/0023656X.2023.2225437
Antoine Roger
ABSTRACT Research in Global Labour Studies is mostly based on the work of Karl Polanyi. It aims to demonstrate that a ‘disembedding’ process is leading to the formation of a global ‘labour market’. This analytical scheme does not consider the historical struggles over the definition of the legitimate skills and qualifications needed for a profession; it does not allow one to study the confrontations over the training of workers that take place at the intersection of global logics and local constraints. Pierre Bourdieu’s notion of field allows a better understanding of these power relations. This leads us to consider that national fields still weigh heavily, in combination with a transnational field. An empirical investigation of the training of seafarers in Romania exemplifies the potential contributions of this approach.
{"title":"Navigating Global Labour Studies with Bourdieu: insights from Romania’s seafaring history","authors":"Antoine Roger","doi":"10.1080/0023656X.2023.2225437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0023656X.2023.2225437","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Research in Global Labour Studies is mostly based on the work of Karl Polanyi. It aims to demonstrate that a ‘disembedding’ process is leading to the formation of a global ‘labour market’. This analytical scheme does not consider the historical struggles over the definition of the legitimate skills and qualifications needed for a profession; it does not allow one to study the confrontations over the training of workers that take place at the intersection of global logics and local constraints. Pierre Bourdieu’s notion of field allows a better understanding of these power relations. This leads us to consider that national fields still weigh heavily, in combination with a transnational field. An empirical investigation of the training of seafarers in Romania exemplifies the potential contributions of this approach.","PeriodicalId":45777,"journal":{"name":"Labor History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47647591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-07DOI: 10.1080/0023656X.2023.2229252
Edward Blissett
ABSTRACT This article questions the hypothesis, put forward by several historians and IR academics, that the 1980s decline in British union membership and strike frequency, was driven by major industrial defeats, a cultural shift away from collectivism, and the adverse effects of the Conservative Government’s anti-union legislation. In contrast, this paper argues that international economic developments, most notably the globalisation of manufacturing production, along with the British Conservative Government’s economic policies, which resulted in mass unemployment in heavily unionised areas of the economy, were the principal reasons for the declines in union membership and strike frequency during the 1980s. In support of this theory, my article draws upon extensive contemporaneous research, which I conducted when I worked in the Industrial Relations Research Unit at the University of Warwick in the late 1980s. This research illustrates how strike frequency and union membership fell in the early and mid-1980s, before membership stabilized, and the frequency of strikes relative to the number of unionised workplaces increased, during the short-lived economic upturn of the late 1980s.
{"title":"British trade unionism in the 1980s reassessed. are recurring assumptions about union membership and strikes flawed?","authors":"Edward Blissett","doi":"10.1080/0023656X.2023.2229252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0023656X.2023.2229252","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article questions the hypothesis, put forward by several historians and IR academics, that the 1980s decline in British union membership and strike frequency, was driven by major industrial defeats, a cultural shift away from collectivism, and the adverse effects of the Conservative Government’s anti-union legislation. In contrast, this paper argues that international economic developments, most notably the globalisation of manufacturing production, along with the British Conservative Government’s economic policies, which resulted in mass unemployment in heavily unionised areas of the economy, were the principal reasons for the declines in union membership and strike frequency during the 1980s. In support of this theory, my article draws upon extensive contemporaneous research, which I conducted when I worked in the Industrial Relations Research Unit at the University of Warwick in the late 1980s. This research illustrates how strike frequency and union membership fell in the early and mid-1980s, before membership stabilized, and the frequency of strikes relative to the number of unionised workplaces increased, during the short-lived economic upturn of the late 1980s.","PeriodicalId":45777,"journal":{"name":"Labor History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44141636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/0023656x.2023.2230904
Matilde Flamigni
{"title":"“In consequence of considering herself to be free”. Freedom and (im)mobility in the trans-imperial Caribbean space of the 19th century","authors":"Matilde Flamigni","doi":"10.1080/0023656x.2023.2230904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0023656x.2023.2230904","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45777,"journal":{"name":"Labor History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43423761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/0023656X.2023.2237924
Sara Bernard
ABSTRACT For a long time, research on international migration during the Cold War maintained that a rigid distinction existed between political emigration, generated by the ideological conflict between liberalism and communism, and labour migration, which was determined by transformations in the capitalist world economy. This article challenges that assumption on several grounds. It starts from the premise that the Cold War was primarily a competition between the capitalist and communist projects of development. It ascribes to this rivalry the establishment of the international system regulating migration as a terrain of ideological confrontation in the early postwar period, and its evolution into one of convergence over development strategies since the 1970s. It reviews both the literature on labour migration to/in Western Europe and the recent studies exploring how socialist Europe also relied on foreign labour recruitment to achieve development. It brings these findings in conversation with research that examines the expansion of economic cooperation between Eastern and Western Europe during the long 1970s. It shows that, in this context, the distinction between economic migrant and political refugee continued to justify the erection of wired walls, this time between an enlarging European Union and the Global South.
{"title":"The regulation of international migration in the Cold War: a synthesis and review of the literature","authors":"Sara Bernard","doi":"10.1080/0023656X.2023.2237924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0023656X.2023.2237924","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT For a long time, research on international migration during the Cold War maintained that a rigid distinction existed between political emigration, generated by the ideological conflict between liberalism and communism, and labour migration, which was determined by transformations in the capitalist world economy. This article challenges that assumption on several grounds. It starts from the premise that the Cold War was primarily a competition between the capitalist and communist projects of development. It ascribes to this rivalry the establishment of the international system regulating migration as a terrain of ideological confrontation in the early postwar period, and its evolution into one of convergence over development strategies since the 1970s. It reviews both the literature on labour migration to/in Western Europe and the recent studies exploring how socialist Europe also relied on foreign labour recruitment to achieve development. It brings these findings in conversation with research that examines the expansion of economic cooperation between Eastern and Western Europe during the long 1970s. It shows that, in this context, the distinction between economic migrant and political refugee continued to justify the erection of wired walls, this time between an enlarging European Union and the Global South.","PeriodicalId":45777,"journal":{"name":"Labor History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46745214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-02DOI: 10.1080/0023656X.2023.2230905
P. Reick
ABSTRACT Historians have long studied how statistical offices and parliamentary bodies made use of surveys to explore the lives of workers, and, in so doing, how they produced new social categories and strategies for political intervention in the process. Less attention has been paid to the role that surveys played in the history of the early labour movement. Drawing on extensive discussions in socialist and trade-union periodicals, this article explores how the labour movement in the German Empire perceived, responded to, and used social surveys. The article is divided into three parts. The first part discusses labour’s critical response to the growing number of surveys on working-class life by middle-class reformers, social researchers, and the state. The second part studies what appeared to be the only logical consequence of their critique, namely the independent gathering and analysis of data. The third part finally analyses why, despite the large number of independent surveys launched by party functionaries and local trade unions, participation among ordinary workers remained strikingly low. In the conclusion, the article shows that this might have stemmed not only from disinterest and inertia but also from how the labour leadership conceived of and presented the benefits of social surveys.
{"title":"“A phobia of numbers?” the labour movement and social surveys in the German Empire","authors":"P. Reick","doi":"10.1080/0023656X.2023.2230905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0023656X.2023.2230905","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Historians have long studied how statistical offices and parliamentary bodies made use of surveys to explore the lives of workers, and, in so doing, how they produced new social categories and strategies for political intervention in the process. Less attention has been paid to the role that surveys played in the history of the early labour movement. Drawing on extensive discussions in socialist and trade-union periodicals, this article explores how the labour movement in the German Empire perceived, responded to, and used social surveys. The article is divided into three parts. The first part discusses labour’s critical response to the growing number of surveys on working-class life by middle-class reformers, social researchers, and the state. The second part studies what appeared to be the only logical consequence of their critique, namely the independent gathering and analysis of data. The third part finally analyses why, despite the large number of independent surveys launched by party functionaries and local trade unions, participation among ordinary workers remained strikingly low. In the conclusion, the article shows that this might have stemmed not only from disinterest and inertia but also from how the labour leadership conceived of and presented the benefits of social surveys.","PeriodicalId":45777,"journal":{"name":"Labor History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45087972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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