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Mystified Alienation: A Discussion between Marx, Foucault and Federici 异化的神秘化:马克思、福柯和费代里奇的讨论
IF 1.8 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2021-07-12 DOI: 10.31269/TRIPLEC.V19I2.1277
Christian Fajardo
This article explores Karl Marx’s critique of alienation. Specifically, I will argue that the concept of alienation is essential to understand not only how capitalism reproduces itself, but also to find alternatives to a regime of capital valorisation that has become mystified. In order to develop the analytical scope of this critique, I propose to discuss it together with the Foucauldian concept of disciplinary power and with the concept of patriarchal violence that appears in Silvia Federici's Caliban and the Witch. These two approaches provide a basis for the statement that the Marxist critique of alienation can be complemented and radicalised with the post-structuralist position, and with the feminist critique of capitalism.
本文探讨了马克思对异化的批判。具体来说,我将论证异化的概念不仅对于理解资本主义如何自我复制,而且对于找到已经变得神秘的资本增值制度的替代方案至关重要。为了发展这一批判的分析范围,我建议将其与福柯的纪律权力概念以及西尔维娅·费德里西的《卡利班与女巫》中出现的父权暴力概念一起讨论。这两种方法为马克思主义对异化的批判可以与后结构主义立场和女权主义对资本主义的批判相补充和激进化的说法提供了基础。
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引用次数: 2
Book Review: The Imperial Mode of Living: Everyday Life and the Ecological Crisis of Capitalism by Ulrich Brand and Markus Wissen 书评:《帝国式的生活方式:资本主义的日常生活和生态危机》,作者:乌尔里希·布兰德和马库斯·威森
IF 1.8 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2021-06-29 DOI: 10.31269/triplec.v19i2.1274
James Ranger
Jamie Ranger reviews Ulrich Brand and Markus Wissen’s 2021 book The Imperial Mode of Living: Everyday Life and the Ecological Crisis of Capitalism. The book explores the extent to which everyday practices of consumption in the global North rely on the exploitation of resources and labour from ‘somewhere else’ (an intentionally vague reference to the global South) and as such hide the broader paradox at the heart of the expansion of western standards of living across the world: the more globally accessible the standard of living becomes, the more economically exploitative and ecologically unsustainable it is for those not privy to its comforts.
杰米·兰杰评论了乌尔里希·布兰德和马库斯·威森2021年出版的《帝国的生活方式:日常生活和资本主义的生态危机》一书。这本书探讨了全球北方的日常消费实践在多大程度上依赖于从“其他地方”(故意模糊地指全球南方)开采资源和劳动力,因此隐藏了西方生活水平在全球范围内扩张的更广泛的悖论:生活水平在全球范围内越容易获得,对那些无法享受其舒适的人来说,经济剥削和生态不可持续的程度就越大。
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引用次数: 0
Illusioned and Alienated: Can Gig Workers Organise Collectively? 幻想与疏离:零工工人能集体组织起来吗?
IF 1.8 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2021-04-07 DOI: 10.31269/TRIPLEC.V19I1.1236
D. Mrvos
By studying the fraudulent benefits of flexibility in the ride-hailing gig economy, this article explains alienation as a condition in which workers are excluded from the product, estranged, and disadvantaged. Material estrangement, an objective aspect of alienation exemplified by arbitrary distribution of income, capitalists’ exclusive access to data, and robotic communication between Uber and their drivers, has many physiological (subjective) manifestations. Dissatisfaction, powerlessness, and isolation as subjective expressions of alienation prominently shape the prospects of collective labour mobilisation by both sparking and hindering organisational potential. Additionally, the example of workers’ re-appropriation of Uber’s app against Uber explains how modern technologies serve not only as a medium to expand capitalist interests, but enhance possibilities for labour cooperation and liberation. The proposed argumentation uses the Autonomist Marxist concept of “social factory” as a metaframework, drawing on original ethnographic and interview data on ride-hailing Uber drivers in the gig economy.
通过研究网约车零工经济中灵活性带来的欺骗性好处,本文将异化解释为工人被排除在产品之外、疏远和处于不利地位的一种状态。物质异化是异化的一个客观方面,体现在收入的任意分配、资本家对数据的独家访问、优步和司机之间的机器人通信等方面,它有许多生理(主观)表现。不满、无能为力和孤立作为异化的主观表现,通过激发和阻碍组织潜力,显著地塑造了集体劳动动员的前景。此外,工人重新挪用Uber的应用程序来反对Uber的例子解释了现代技术如何不仅作为扩大资本主义利益的媒介,而且增加了劳动合作和解放的可能性。拟议的论证使用自主主义马克思主义的“社会工厂”概念作为元框架,借鉴了零工经济中优步(Uber)叫车司机的原始人种学和访谈数据。
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引用次数: 2
“Jobs that Really Matter”: Critical Reflections on Changes in Academic Life during/after the Covid-19 Pandemic “真正重要的工作”:对Covid-19大流行期间/之后学术生活变化的批判性反思
IF 1.8 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.31269/TRIPLEC.V19I1.1255
Veronika Kalmus
The prioritisation of the coronavirus pandemic in the public sphere has resonated in the field of sciences, with Covid-19 occupying the interest of many researchers in various disciplines. This article aims to analyse features of interpersonal and institutional discourses, published data, and the author’s observations to reflect critically upon the impact of Covid-19 on academic life and sketch some trends in the field of sciences. The analysis demonstrates that Covid-19 serves as an accelerator for science; this process, however, is asynchronous across countries, disciplines, and research streams. The “Covid-isation” of research systems reinforces the instrumentalisation and projectification of science and creates intra-institutional hierarchies. The coronavirus crisis amplifies existing inequalities and prompts the double movement of acceleration versus deceleration. In the potential social morphogenesis in the field of science, the role of the humanities and social sciences scholars in asking critical questions and facilitating meta-reflexivity becomes paramount.
公共领域对冠状病毒大流行的重视在科学领域引起了共鸣,Covid-19占据了各个学科许多研究人员的兴趣。本文旨在分析人际和机构话语的特点、发表的数据和作者的观察,批判性地反思新冠肺炎对学术生活的影响,并勾勒出科学领域的一些趋势。分析表明,Covid-19是科学的加速器;然而,这一过程在不同国家、学科和研究流之间是不同步的。研究系统的“Covid-isation”强化了科学的工具化和投射化,并造成了机构内部的等级制度。冠状病毒危机加剧了现有的不平等,引发了加速与减速的双重运动。在科学领域潜在的社会形态发生中,人文社会科学学者在提出批判性问题和促进元反身性方面的作用变得至关重要。
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引用次数: 1
Book Review: Community Radio Policies in South Asia by Preeti Raghunath Preeti Raghunath的书评:南亚的社区广播政策
IF 1.8 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2021-02-07 DOI: 10.31269/TRIPLEC.V19I1.1249
Padmaja Shaw
Padmaja Shaw reviews “Community Radio Policies in South Asia” by Preeti Raghunath. Raghunath applies “deliberative policy ecology approach” to study how policy frameworks evolved in four South Asian nations, India, Bangladesh, Nepal and Sri Lanka. Raghunath argues that the “deliberative policy ecology approach” is rooted in emancipatory politics that brings in the stakeholders at the bottom of the policy food chain. Raghunath’s intricate map of policy formulation in post-colonial societies is an engaging revelation of the continued contradictions between the developmentalist instincts of the state and the push of grassroots voices to claim their legitimate space in decision making.
Padmaja Shaw评论Preeti Raghunath的《南亚社区广播政策》。Raghunath运用“审慎政策生态学方法”来研究印度、孟加拉国、尼泊尔和斯里兰卡这四个南亚国家的政策框架是如何演变的。Raghunath认为,“审慎的政策生态学方法”根植于解放政治,它将政策食物链底部的利益相关者引入其中。Raghunath关于后殖民社会政策制定的错综复杂的地图,引人入胜地揭示了国家发展主义本能与推动基层声音在决策中要求其合法空间之间持续存在的矛盾。
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引用次数: 0
How Did Donald Trump Incite a Coup Attempt? 唐纳德·特朗普如何煽动政变企图?
IF 1.8 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2021-01-17 DOI: 10.31269/TRIPLEC.V19I1.1239
C. Fuchs
On 6 January 2021, supporters of Donald Trump after a Trump rally stormed the Capitol. This article asks: How Did Donald Trump incite a coup attempt? The presented research analyses parts of a dataset consisting of Trump’s most recent 8,736 tweets as well as Trump’s speech given at the rally that preceded the storming of the Capitol.The article shows how Trump’s speech and use of Twitter triggered violence and that the coup was the consequence of a long chain of events that unfolded as a consequence of Trump’s authoritarian ideology, personality, and practices.
2021年1月6日,特朗普的支持者在特朗普集会后冲进了国会大厦。本文的问题是:唐纳德·特朗普是如何煽动政变的?该研究分析了特朗普最近的8736条推文以及特朗普在冲击国会大厦之前的集会上发表的演讲的部分数据集。这篇文章展示了特朗普的言论和使用推特是如何引发暴力的,而政变是特朗普的威权主义意识形态、个性和做法所导致的一连串事件的结果。
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引用次数: 5
Communication Research, the Geopolitics of Knowledge and Publishing in High-Impact Journals: The Chronicle of a Commodification Process Foretold 传播研究、知识的地缘政治和高影响力期刊的出版:商品化进程的编年史预言
IF 1.8 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.31269/triplec.v19i2.1258
Víctor Manuel Marí Sáez, Clara Martins do Nascimento
The reforms in higher education that have been introduced on a global scale in recent years have gone hand in glove with the progressive imposition of scientific journal impact factors, all of which points to the rise of academic capitalism and digital labour in universities that is increasingly subject to the logic of the market. A diachronic analysis of this process allows for talking about, paraphrasing Gabriel García Márquez, the chronicle of a commodification process foretold. More than twenty years ago it was clear what was going to happen, but not how it was going to unfold. Accordingly, this article reconstructs that process, comparing the Spanish case with global trends and highlighting the crucial role that governmental agencies like the National Agency for Quality Assessment and Accreditation and specific evaluation tools like the publication of scientific papers in high-impact journals have played in it. In this analysis, Wallerstein’s core-periphery relations and the concept of commodity fetishism, as addressed by Walter Benjamin, prove to be especially useful. The main research question posed in this article is as follows: What does the process of the commodification of communication research look like in Spain?
近年来在全球范围内推行的高等教育改革,与科学期刊影响因子的逐步强加密切相关,所有这些都表明,学术资本主义和数字化劳动力在大学中的兴起,越来越受市场逻辑的影响。对这一过程的历时性分析允许我们讨论,套用加布里埃尔García Márquez的话,预言的商品化过程的编年史。二十多年前,人们很清楚将要发生什么,但不知道它将如何展开。因此,本文重构了这一过程,将西班牙的案例与全球趋势进行了比较,并强调了国家质量评估和认证机构(National Agency for Quality Assessment and Accreditation)等政府机构以及在高影响力期刊上发表科学论文等具体评估工具在这一过程中发挥的关键作用。在这一分析中,沃勒斯坦的核心-外围关系和商品拜物教的概念,正如瓦尔特·本雅明所阐述的,被证明是特别有用的。本文提出的主要研究问题是:西班牙传播研究商品化的过程是什么样的?
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引用次数: 2
Capitalisation of the Media Industry From a Political Economy Perspective 政治经济学视角下的媒体产业资本化
IF 1.8 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.31269/triplec.v19i2.1283
Manfred Knoche
Approaches to the critique of the political economy of communication in society belong to the “forgotten theories” in media and communication studies. But in view of the unmistakable structural change of a media industry “unleashed” by deregulation, privatisation, digitalisation, concentration, globalisation, etc., it seems from an academic perspective necessary to analyse the development of the media industry in close connection with the equally unmistakable general development of an “unleashed” capitalism. This article therefore shows that the analysis of the development processes of capitalism as the undoubtedly globally dominant economic and social system from a political economy perspective makes it possible to analyse, explain, and partly forecast the economisation or commercialisation process in the media industry in an academically appropriate way with regard to its causes, forms, consequences, and further development. Theoretical explanations are offered by the further developments of the analysis and critique of contemporary capitalism based on Marx’s critique of the political economy as a historical-materialist analysis of society. In doing so, the permanent fundamental characteristics, modes of functioning and “regularities” of the capitalist mode of production and the capitalist formation of society are analysed in connection with the particularities of the current capitalisation process in the media industry.
对社会传播的政治经济学进行批判的方法属于媒介与传播研究中的“被遗忘理论”。但是,鉴于媒体行业被放松管制、私有化、数字化、集中化、全球化等“释放”的明显结构性变化,从学术角度来看,似乎有必要将媒体行业的发展与同样明显的“释放”资本主义的总体发展密切联系起来。因此,本文表明,从政治经济学的角度分析资本主义作为全球无疑占主导地位的经济和社会制度的发展过程,可以从其原因、形式、后果和进一步发展方面,以学术上适当的方式分析、解释和部分预测传媒业的经济化或商业化过程。对当代资本主义的分析和批判在马克思对政治经济学的批判的基础上进一步发展,作为对社会的历史唯物主义分析,提供了理论解释。在此过程中,本文结合传媒业当前资本化过程的特殊性,分析了资本主义生产方式和资本主义社会形态的永久基本特征、运作模式和“规律”。
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引用次数: 6
Towards a Marxist Political Economy Critique of Migration and the Media 对移民与传媒的马克思主义政治经济学批判
IF 1.8 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2020-12-27 DOI: 10.31269/triplec.v19i1.1206
Siyuan Yin
The global outbreak of COVID-19 has exposed varied ways that systemic inequality shapes people’s lives. This article pays particular attention to migrant populations. While mainstream media and political discourse tend to construct migration as a problem to be addressed or even the cause of social problems, the article contends that migration should be understood as an immanent part of capitalist uneven development, entwined with patriarchy and colonialism. The post-modern approach within media and communication scholarship on migration fails to challenge media’s constitutive role in patriarchal and racial capitalism which fundamentally shapes the process and consequences of migration. Drawing from a Marxist political economic perspective, I analyse the two cases of global transnational migration and internal migration in China and argue that media and communication studies should account for material disparity and class divisions among migrant groups and look for transformative force against unequal power structures.
2019冠状病毒病的全球爆发暴露了系统性不平等影响人们生活的各种方式。这篇文章特别关注流动人口。虽然主流媒体和政治话语倾向于将移民构建为一个需要解决的问题,甚至是社会问题的原因,但本文认为,移民应被理解为资本主义不平衡发展的内在组成部分,与父权制和殖民主义交织在一起。关于移民的媒体和传播学术中的后现代方法未能挑战媒体在父权制和种族资本主义中的构成作用,这种作用从根本上塑造了移民的过程和后果。笔者从马克思主义政治经济学的视角,分析了全球跨国移民和中国国内移民的两个案例,认为媒体与传播研究应该考虑移民群体之间的物质差异和阶级划分,并寻找反对不平等权力结构的变革力量。
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引用次数: 0
Neoliberalism and Academia in Communication and Media Studies: A New Institutional Framework 新自由主义与传播与媒体研究:一个新的制度框架
IF 1.8 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2020-12-16 DOI: 10.31269/triplec.v19i1.1190
Á. Carrasco-Campos, Enric Saperas
The disciplinary field of communication refers to a changing object of study, whose material delimitation depends on the political, socioeconomic and technological contexts in which it develops. These factors must be considered as structural elements, as they determine the knowledge demands and agenda of academia. This article aims to describe the keys to understanding the influence of neoliberalism as an ideology and structure in the academic institutionalisation of the field of communication. The analysis will take into special consideration the institutional dimension of research activity as a determining factor to understand the standards that define the dominant paradigm in neoliberal academia. These standards are shared by professionals in relation to working routines, research methodologies, objects of study, theoretical procedures, academic contexts, and dominant traditions, as well as strategies for the development of professional careers.
传播学科领域指的是一个不断变化的研究对象,其物质界限取决于其发展的政治、社会经济和技术背景。这些因素必须被视为结构性因素,因为它们决定了学术界的知识需求和议程。本文旨在描述理解新自由主义作为一种意识形态和结构在传播领域的学术制度化中的影响的关键。分析将特别考虑研究活动的制度维度,作为理解定义新自由主义学术界主导范式的标准的决定性因素。这些标准是专业人员在工作惯例、研究方法、研究对象、理论程序、学术背景、主流传统以及职业发展战略方面所共有的。
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引用次数: 0
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TRIPLEC-Communication Capitalism & Critique
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