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‘A patient act of adjustment’: Subjectivisation, adjectives and Jane Austen “耐心的调整行为”:主体化、形容词和简·奥斯汀
IF 0.7 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/09639470211023245
Victorina González-Díaz
Previous scholarship on Jane Austen has often commented on the moral overtones of her lexical choices; more specifically, the fact that “incorrect” lexical innovations and fashionable words (i.e. new usages) tend to be deployed as part of the idiolect of foolish, gullible or morally reprehensible characters. By contrast, ethically sound characters normally move within the limits of established (‘old’) usages and the “correct” Standard English repertoire. Taking the historical linguistic concept of subjectivisation as starting point, this case-study explores the use of two adjectives (lovely and nice) in Austen’s novels. The article (a) demonstrates that a straightforward socio-moral classification of ‘old’ and ‘new’ word-senses in Austen’s fiction is not fully adequate and (b) advocates, in line with recent scholarship, a more nuanced approach to the study of her fictional vocabulary, where old and new senses of a word (in this case, lovely and nice) move across the idiolect of different character-types for ironic, character- and plot-building purposes.
以前对简·奥斯汀的研究经常评论她词汇选择的道德含义;更具体地说,“不正确”的词汇创新和时髦词(即新用法)往往被用作愚蠢、易受骗或道德上应受谴责的人物的一部分。相比之下,合乎道德的角色通常在既定(“旧”)用法和“正确”标准英语曲目的范围内移动。本文以历史语言学的主观主义概念为切入点,探讨奥斯丁小说中两个形容词(可爱和漂亮)的使用。这篇文章(a)表明,在奥斯汀的小说中,对“旧”和“新”词义进行直接的社会道德分类是不够的,(b)根据最近的学术成果,主张对她的虚构词汇进行更细致的研究,一个词的新旧意义(在本例中,可爱和美好)在不同角色类型的特定选择中移动,以达到讽刺、性格和情节构建的目的。
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引用次数: 1
Impoliteness and power dynamics in intimate interactions: An analysis of Joe Blann’s ‘Things We Had’ 亲密互动中的不礼貌与权力动力学——对乔·布兰的《我们拥有的东西》的分析
IF 0.7 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-27 DOI: 10.1177/09639470211034283
Lina Mourad
Joe Blann’s (2011) comic ‘Things We had’ is a complex and nuanced multimodal realisation of a tense interaction between a couple, rendered through the subtle interplay of narration, panel composition and dialogue. The tug of war and blame game the couple engage in are rife with instances of impoliteness. Drawing on Culpeper’s (2011a, 2015b) impoliteness framework and an integrative pragmatics approach, this article examines the sophisticated multimodal realisation of impoliteness and power dynamics, with a particular focus on the subtle forms of implicational impoliteness and intricate impoliteness patterning used in the fictional interaction. In doing so, it analyses the interplay between impoliteness and power dynamics in the exchange, highlighting the importance of impoliteness analysis in revealing the fluid relational power dynamics underlying the couple’s interaction. This is accompanied by an analysis of the key affective and interactional role of impoliteness in driving the exchange between the couple. Impoliteness, along with the evaluative negative affect it involves, is shown to be instrumental in the couple’s struggle for interactional power in the course of the interaction, and also more broadly, in their negotiation of relational power within the relationship.
乔·布兰(Joe Blann, 2011)的漫画《我们拥有的东西》(Things We had)是一对夫妇之间紧张互动的复杂而微妙的多模式实现,通过叙事、小组构图和对话的微妙相互作用来呈现。这对夫妇之间的拉锯战和相互指责充满了不礼貌的例子。借鉴Culpeper (2011a, 2015b)的不礼貌框架和综合语用学方法,本文研究了不礼貌和权力动力学的复杂多模态实现,特别关注了虚构互动中使用的隐含不礼貌的微妙形式和复杂的不礼貌模式。在此过程中,它分析了交换中不礼貌与权力动态之间的相互作用,强调了不礼貌分析在揭示夫妻互动背后的流动关系权力动态方面的重要性。本文还分析了不礼貌在推动夫妻之间交流中的关键情感和互动作用。不礼貌,连同它所包含的评价性负面影响,被证明是夫妻在互动过程中争夺互动权力的工具,更广泛地说,是他们在关系中谈判关系权力的工具。
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引用次数: 3
The intricacies of counting to four in Old English poetry 古英语诗歌中数四的复杂性
IF 0.7 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-05-06 DOI: 10.1177/09639470211012297
I. Cornelius, Eric Weiskott
The metrical theory devised by Eduard Sievers and refined by A. J. Bliss forms the basis for most current scholarship on Old English meter. A weakness of the Sievers–Bliss theory is that it occupies a middle ground between two levels of analytic description, distinguished by Roman Jakobson in an influential article as ‘verse instance’ and ‘verse design’. Metrists in the Sievers–Bliss tradition employ a concept of metrical position (a key component of verse design), yet the focus of attention usually remains on the contours of stress of individual verses. Important exceptions are the studies of Thomas Cable and Nicolay Yakovlev. The theoretical innovations of Cable and Yakovlev, among others, enable a more concise presentation of verse design than anyone writing on the subject has yet offered. The present essay attempts to show what such a presentation might look like, while also giving due acknowledgment to the complexities of position-count in this meter. We presume no prior knowledge of the Sieversian system. Illustrations are drawn principally from Cædmon’s Hymn and the Seafarer.
由爱德华·西弗斯设计并由A·J·布利斯提炼的格律理论构成了目前关于古英语格律的大多数学术的基础。西弗斯-布利斯理论的一个弱点是,它占据了两个层次的分析描述之间的中间地带,罗曼·雅各布森在一篇有影响力的文章中将其区分为“诗歌实例”和“诗歌设计”。西弗斯-布利斯传统中的格律学家采用了格律位置的概念(诗歌设计的关键组成部分),但注意力通常集中在单个诗歌的重音轮廓上。托马斯·凯布尔和尼古拉·雅科夫列夫的研究是重要的例外。凯布尔和雅科夫列夫等人的理论创新使诗歌设计的呈现比任何写这一主题的人都要简洁。本文试图展示这样一个演示可能是什么样子,同时也对这个仪表中位置计数的复杂性给予了应有的承认。我们假定事先不了解西佛系统。插图主要取自Cædmon的《赞美诗》和《海员》。
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引用次数: 0
Do worlds have (fourth) walls? A Text World Theory approach to direct address in Fleabag 世界有(第四面)墙吗?Fleabag中直接寻址的文本世界理论方法
IF 0.7 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/0963947020983202
A. Gibbons, S. Whiteley
This article examines direct address, or ‘breaking the fourth wall’, in the BBC TV series Fleabag. It applies Text World Theory to telecinematic discourse for the first time and, in doing so, contributes to developing cognitive approaches in the field of telecinematic stylistics. Text World Theory, originally a cognitive linguistic discourse processing framework, is used to examine how multimodal cues contribute to the creation of imagined worlds. We examine three examples of direct address in Fleabag, featuring actor gaze alongside use of the second-person you or actor gaze alone. Our analysis highlights the need to account for the different deictic referents of you, with the pronoun able to refer intra- and extradiegetically. We also explore viewers’ ontological positioning because ‘breaking the fourth wall’ in telecinematic discourse evokes an addressee who is not spatiotemporally co-present with the text-world character. We therefore propose the concept of the split text-world, which assists in accounting for the deictic pull that viewers may feel during direct address and its experiential impact. Our analysis suggests that telecinematic direct address is necessarily world-forming but can ontologically position the viewer differently in different narrative contexts. While some instances of direct address in Fleabag position the viewer as Fleabag’s narratee and confidant, there is increasing play with direct address in the show’s second series and a destabilisation of this narratee role, achieved through the suggestion that Fleabag’s addressee may be more psychologically interior than they first appear.
本文探讨了BBC电视连续剧《生活大爆炸》中的直接称呼,或“打破第四堵墙”。本文首次将文本世界理论应用于影视语篇,为影视文体学领域的认知方法的发展做出了贡献。文本世界理论最初是一种认知语言话语处理框架,用于研究多模态线索如何促进想象世界的创造。我们研究了《生活大爆炸》中三个直接称呼的例子,包括演员凝视和第二人称you的使用或演员凝视。我们的分析强调需要考虑到你的不同指示指示物,用代词指代内在和外在。我们还探讨了观众的本体论定位,因为在电视电影话语中“打破第四堵墙”唤起了一个不与文本世界角色在时空上共同存在的收件人。因此,我们提出了分裂文本世界的概念,这有助于解释观众在直接称呼时可能感受到的指示性拉力及其体验影响。我们的分析表明,电视电影的直接称呼必然会形成世界,但在不同的叙事语境中,观众在本体论上的位置不同。虽然《生活大爆炸》中的一些直接称呼将观众定位为《生活大爆炸》的叙述者和知己,但在第二季中,直接称呼的作用越来越大,叙述者的角色也越来越不稳定,这是通过暗示《生活大爆炸》的收信人可能比他们第一次出现时更内心深处来实现的。
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引用次数: 5
Book Review: Poetry and Language: The Linguistics of Verse 书评:诗歌与语言:诗歌语言学
IF 0.7 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-30 DOI: 10.1177/09639470211015833
C. James
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引用次数: 0
Book Review: What’s Your Pronoun? Beyond He & She 书评:你的代词是什么?超越他和她
IF 0.7 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-30 DOI: 10.1177/09639470211015851
K. Wales
‘six word stories’ (stories told in six words), young adult fiction such as Twilight, literary classics such as Shakespearian plays, TV series like How I Met Your Mother, and other narratives such as the Marvel Universe, amongst others. This shows that the framework is adaptable to any narrative and is not exclusive to literature: it is up to the reader to connect those narratives through their ‘mental archives’. Therefore, Mason’s main objective with this book is indeed achieved.
“六个字的故事”(用六个字讲述的故事),《暮光之城》等青少年小说,莎士比亚戏剧等文学经典,《我是如何遇见你母亲的》等电视剧,以及漫威宇宙等其他叙事。这表明,该框架适用于任何叙事,而不是文学独有的:读者可以通过他们的“心理档案”将这些叙事联系起来。因此,梅森写这本书的主要目的确实实现了。
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引用次数: 0
Book Review: Intertextuality in Practice 书评:实践中的互文性
IF 0.7 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-30 DOI: 10.1177/09639470211015849
Kimberley Pager-McClymont
Beardsley MC (1958) Aesthetics: Problems in the Philosophy of Criticism. New York: Harcourt, Brace. Beardsley MC (1970) The Possibility of Criticism. Michigan: Wayne State University Press. Lakoff G and Johnson M (1980) Metaphors We Live by. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Lakoff G and TurnerM (1989)More than Cool Reason: A Field Guide to Poetic Metaphor. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Paterson D (2018) The Poem: Lyric, Sign, Metre. London: Faber and Faber.
比尔兹利(1958)美学:批评哲学中的问题。纽约:哈考特,布雷斯。比尔兹利(1970)批评的可能性。密歇根州:韦恩州立大学出版社。(1980)《我们赖以生存的隐喻》。芝加哥:芝加哥大学出版社。拉考夫G和特纳姆(1989),《超越冷静的理性:诗歌隐喻的实地指南》。芝加哥:芝加哥大学出版社。帕特森D(2018)《诗歌:抒情、符号、韵律》。伦敦:费伯律师事务所。
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引用次数: 34
‘Your duplicitous point of view’: Delayed revelations of hypothetical focalisation in Ian McEwan’s Atonement and Sweet Tooth “你的两面派观点”:伊恩·麦克尤恩的《赎罪》和《甜牙》中假性聚焦的延迟揭露
IF 0.7 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-23 DOI: 10.1177/09639470211009734
Naomi Adam
Framed by cognitive-poetic and possible worlds theories, this article explores two 21st century novels by the British postmodernist author Ian McEwan. Building upon Ryan’s (1991) seminal conceptualisation of the theory in relation to literature and using the novels as case studies, possible worlds theory is used to explain the unique and destabilising stylistic effects at play in the texts, which result in a ‘duplicitous point of view’ and consequent disorientation for the reader. With reference to the stylistically deviant texts of McEwan, it is argued that revisions to current theoretical frameworks are warranted. Most significantly, the concepts of suppositious text-possible worlds and (total) frame readjustment are introduced. Further to this, neuropsychiatric research is applied to the novels, highlighting the potential for interdisciplinary overlap in the study of narrative focalisation. It is concluded that the duplicity integral to both novels’ themes and texture is effected through artful use of hypothetical focalisation and suppositious text-possible worlds.
本文以认知诗学和可能世界理论为框架,探讨了英国后现代主义作家伊恩·麦克尤恩的两部21世纪小说。基于Ryan(1991)对文学理论的开创性概念化,并将小说作为案例研究,可能世界理论被用来解释文本中独特和不稳定的文体效果,这导致了“双重观点”和读者的迷失方向。针对麦克尤恩的文体偏差文本,本文认为有必要对现有的理论框架进行修订。最重要的是,引入了假设文本可能世界和(总)框架重新调整的概念。此外,神经精神病学研究被应用于小说,突出了在叙事聚焦研究中跨学科重叠的潜力。本文的结论是,这两部小说的主题和结构的双重性是通过巧妙地使用假设的聚焦和假设的文本可能世界来实现的。
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引用次数: 1
‘And that’: Halliday’s logogenesis, sociogenesis, and phylogenesis in Darwin’s tangled bank “而那”:韩礼德在《达尔文的纠结河岸》中的意义发生、社会发生和系统发生
IF 0.7 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-18 DOI: 10.1177/09639470211009672
D. Kellogg, Somaye Aghajani Kalkhoran
The late linguist M.A.K. Halliday described the last paragraph of Darwin’s Origin of Species, with its description of a tangled bank, as one of the most remarkable paragraphs in the whole of literature. Yet it appears marred by an obvious grammatical mistake. In this article, we seek to show that the apparent mistake is actually the vestige of a now extinct form of paragraph in which the structure we now reserve for a single sentence could be extended over a whole paragraph or even many paragraphs. We first zoom out to show that the final sentence makes sense in the context of the paragraph as a whole, and then zoom out again to show that the modern paragraph itself is still a work in progress. Finally, we use a comparison between English and Farsi to try to show that all such grammatical choices mediate between humans and their environment. This relationship too is a work in progress in which the grammar of a language has an important role to play.
已故的语言学家M.A.K. Halliday将达尔文《物种起源》的最后一段描述了一个纠结的河岸的段落描述为整个文学作品中最杰出的段落之一。然而,它似乎被一个明显的语法错误所破坏。在本文中,我们试图表明,这个明显的错误实际上是一种已经灭绝的段落形式的残余,在这种形式中,我们现在为一个句子保留的结构可以扩展到整个段落,甚至许多段落。我们首先缩小,以显示最后一个句子在整个段落的上下文中是有意义的,然后再次缩小,以显示现代段落本身仍在进行中。最后,我们用英语和波斯语的比较来试图表明所有这些语法选择都在人类和他们的环境之间进行调解。这种关系也是一种正在进行的工作,其中语言的语法起着重要的作用。
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引用次数: 0
‘I shouldn’t even be telling you that I shouldn’t be telling you the story’: Pseudonymous Bosch and the postmodern narrator in children’s literature “我甚至不应该告诉你我不应该给你讲这个故事”:假名博世和儿童文学中的后现代叙述者
IF 0.7 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-18 DOI: 10.1177/09639470211009748
Ella Wydrzynska
This article furthers the somewhat underdeveloped area of research regarding the consideration of complex theoretical concepts such as postmodernism and metafiction in relation to children’s literature by concentrating on a stunningly complex—although by no means rare—experimental text aimed at 8–12 year-olds. Using The Secret Series by Pseudonymous Bosch as example, I examine how children’s literature can use such strategies to engage a child-reader and make them a tangible part of the construction of the novel. Drawing on elements of Text World Theory, diegetic narrative levels and the concept of the internal author, this study primarily explores the role of the interactive, visibly inventing, postmodern narrator, and, by extension, the dramatization of the reader as a part of the story. Framed against an academic background in which children’s literature was deemed unworthy of study or outright dismissed, this article illustrates why children’s literature is not only worthy of rigorous academic study in its own right but also that it often readily displays enough literary, linguistic, and narratological complexities to rival even the most sophisticated literature for adult readers.
这篇文章通过关注一篇针对8-12岁儿童的极其复杂(尽管绝非罕见)的实验文本,进一步推进了在儿童文学中考虑后现代主义和元小说等复杂理论概念的研究领域。以假名Bosch的《秘密系列》为例,我研究了儿童文学如何利用这些策略来吸引儿童读者,并使他们成为小说结构的有形组成部分。本研究借鉴了文本世界理论的元素、diegetic叙事水平和内部作者的概念,主要探讨了互动的、明显的发明性的后现代叙事者的作用,进而探讨了读者作为故事一部分的戏剧化。在儿童文学被认为不值得研究或被彻底否定的学术背景下,本文阐述了为什么儿童文学不仅本身就值得严格的学术研究,而且它往往很容易展示出足够的文学、语言、,叙事学的复杂性甚至可以与成人读者最复杂的文学作品相媲美。
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引用次数: 0
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Language and Literature
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