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Simulation of the adsorption – desorption hysteresis for Frumkin isotherm 弗鲁姆金等温线的吸附-解吸滞后模拟
IF 3 4区 工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-05-05 DOI: 10.1007/s10450-024-00480-9
Milivoj Lovrić

A model of desorption from the surface of rotating disk into the solution of surface active substance is developed for Frumkin isotherm. The time needed to approach the first equilibrium within 1% of error is investigated. For desorption this means to acquire the highest surface coverage, and for adsorption the lowest coverage that is in the equilibrium with the bulk of solution. If the equilibrium isotherm is S shaped, the near equilibrium isotherms are characterised by big changes of coverage that are caused by small increments of bulk concentrations. These changes require very long near equilibrating times because they are driven by small fluxes of dissolved surfactant. These times are the second component of the hysteresis.

针对弗鲁姆金等温线,建立了一个从旋转盘表面解吸到表面活性物质溶液中的模型。研究了在 1%误差范围内接近第一平衡所需的时间。对于解吸来说,这意味着获得最高的表面覆盖率,而对于吸附来说,则是获得与溶液体积平衡的最低覆盖率。如果平衡等温线呈 S 型,则近平衡等温线的特点是,体积浓度的微小增量会引起覆盖率的巨大变化。这些变化需要很长的近平衡时间,因为它们是由溶解的表面活性剂的小流量驱动的。这些时间是滞后的第二部分。
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引用次数: 0
Formulation and characterization of lignin modified chitosan beads 木质素改性壳聚糖珠的制备与表征
IF 3 4区 工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10450-024-00478-3
Taiba Bashir, Joydeep Dutta, Shaista Masarat, George Z. Kyzas

A simple manual flow injection method was used to formulate chitosan-lignin composite beads in a ratio of 1:1. The beads were then characterized using FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), TGA (Thermogravimetric Analysis), and XRD (X-ray Diffraction). The FT-IR results indicate the chemical composition, revealing the presence of C-O, NH, C-H, and OH on chitosan, as well as OH, C-O-C, C = C, -O-CH3, and C-H, showing the presence and dispersion of lignin within chitosan molecules. SEM was useful for looking at the surface shape and showed structural differences between pure chitosan (which had a smooth surface with few holes) and composite beads (which had sharp edges and a rough, wrinkled shape). The TGA sheds light on the thermal stability and degradation properties of the beads. The thermograms show a similar pattern; however, the degradation temperature improved with the addition of lignin. An XRD investigation revealed the crystalline nature of the beads. Chitosan beads showed a sharp peak at 2θ = 21.8°, whereas in composites, the first peak was observed at 2θ = 9.9° second at 2θ = 20.130° and the third at 2θ = 28°. These findings allowed for the possibility that chitosan/lignin composite beads may be a good adsorbent for use in wastewater treatment systems.

采用简单的手动流动注射法,以 1:1 的比例配制壳聚糖-木质素复合微珠。然后使用 FT-IR(傅立叶变换红外光谱)、SEM(扫描电子显微镜)、TGA(热重分析)和 XRD(X 射线衍射)对珠子进行表征。傅立叶变换红外光谱结果显示了化学成分,揭示了壳聚糖上存在的 C-O、NH、C-H 和 OH,以及 OH、C-O-C、C = C、-O-CH3 和 C-H,显示了壳聚糖分子中木质素的存在和分散。扫描电子显微镜可用于观察表面形状,并显示纯壳聚糖(表面光滑,孔洞较少)与复合珠(边缘锋利,形状粗糙、起皱)之间的结构差异。热重分析揭示了珠子的热稳定性和降解特性。热图显示了相似的模式;然而,降解温度随着木质素的添加而提高。XRD 研究显示了珠子的结晶性质。壳聚糖珠在 2θ = 21.8°处出现一个尖锐的峰值,而在复合材料中,第一个峰值出现在 2θ = 9.9°,第二个峰值出现在 2θ = 20.130°,第三个峰值出现在 2θ = 28°。这些发现使壳聚糖/木质素复合珠有可能成为废水处理系统中的一种良好吸附剂。
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引用次数: 0
Adsorption processes for forming biomaterials of cellulose and hydroxyapatite for applications in bone tissue regeneration 用于骨组织再生的纤维素和羟基磷灰石生物材料的吸附过程
IF 3 4区 工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10450-024-00441-2
Ana Lorena de Brito Soares, Erika Patrícia Chagas Gomes Luz, Rodrigo Silveira Vieira

The bone regeneration process is complex and challenging and requires the application of biomaterials to promote adequate tissue growth and repair. Biomaterials traditionally used are produced with biocompatible and bioinert metal alloys, not presenting any response in the recipient tissue, whether negative, such as inflammation and infections, or positive, such as rapid and effective healing of the injured tissue. Using biomaterials with an active compound adsorbed in their structure allows a direct interaction between the material and the injured tissue, and consequent modulation of biological responses to promote bone formation. Such biomaterials can facilitate the adhesion of osteoprogenitor cells and other important biological factors for bone tissue regeneration and remodeling. This review explores the importance of considering adsorption during biomaterials production and understanding the bone regeneration process. In addition, focus is given to biomaterials produced from biopolymers based on cellulose and hydroxyapatite, as well as mechanisms of bone regeneration. Challenges remain for optimizing these processes, and the adsorption properties of different materials must be carefully investigated to guarantee adequate interaction with bone tissues and cells. Furthermore, the development of strategies to control the release of adsorbed components is crucial to obtain efficient and targeted bone tissue regeneration.

骨再生过程复杂而具有挑战性,需要应用生物材料来促进组织的充分生长和修复。传统使用的生物材料由生物相容性和生物惰性金属合金制成,不会在受体组织中产生任何反应,无论是消极反应(如炎症和感染)还是积极反应(如受伤组织的快速有效愈合)。使用结构中吸附有活性化合物的生物材料,可使材料与受伤组织直接相互作用,从而调节生物反应,促进骨形成。这种生物材料可以促进骨生成细胞和其他重要生物因子的粘附,从而促进骨组织的再生和重塑。本综述探讨了在生物材料生产过程中考虑吸附性以及了解骨再生过程的重要性。此外,还重点介绍了用基于纤维素和羟基磷灰石的生物聚合物生产的生物材料,以及骨再生的机制。优化这些过程仍面临挑战,必须仔细研究不同材料的吸附特性,以确保与骨组织和细胞充分互动。此外,开发控制吸附成分释放的策略对于获得高效和有针对性的骨组织再生至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
A comparative account on the elimination of methylene blue via iron-based nanoparticle: adsorption vs. degradation 通过铁基纳米粒子消除亚甲基蓝的比较研究:吸附与降解
IF 3 4区 工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-04-27 DOI: 10.1007/s10450-024-00477-4
Ankita Doi, Mainak Ganguly, Mamta Sahu

Dyes are one of the most threatening toxins released from industry. Methylene blue (MB) is one of the extremely common dyes in the textile industry. Being complicated in structure and non-biodegradable in nature, removing MB from the aqueous environment is a great challenge. Elimination of dye is usually performed in two ways, degradation, and adsorption. Iron-based nanoparticles, being biocompatible and non-expensive, became a hot field of research in the context of the elimination of toxic dyes. In our review article, we consolidated the data about the synthesis, nature, state, and applications of iron-based nanoparticles to remove MB dye from aqueous solutions specifically via adsorption and degradation. We also reviewed the effect of doping on nanoparticles and their effects on dye removal capacity. Physiological factors such as pH, and temperature play an important role in iron-based nanoparticle synthesis as well as dye degradation and adsorption. A comparative account between adsorption and degradation was tried to depict the elimination of dye in various aspects including efficiency and mechanism.

染料是工业中释放的最具威胁性的毒素之一。亚甲基蓝(MB)是纺织工业中极为常见的染料之一。由于结构复杂且不可生物降解,从水环境中去除甲基溴是一项巨大的挑战。去除染料通常有两种方法,降解和吸附。铁基纳米粒子具有生物相容性且价格低廉,因此成为消除有毒染料的热门研究领域。在这篇综述文章中,我们整合了有关铁基纳米粒子的合成、性质、状态和应用的数据,特别是通过吸附和降解去除水溶液中的甲基溴染料。我们还综述了纳米粒子的掺杂效果及其对染料去除能力的影响。pH 值和温度等生理因素在铁基纳米粒子的合成以及染料降解和吸附过程中起着重要作用。通过对吸附和降解进行比较,从效率和机理等多方面描述了染料的去除情况。
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引用次数: 0
Adsorption of uremic toxins by modified activated carbon of different mesh with sulfuric acid 不同目数的改性活性炭对尿毒症毒素与硫酸的吸附作用
IF 3 4区 工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1007/s10450-024-00462-x
Qin Guangle, Zhang Gan, Chen Dapeng, Sha Jingjie

End-stage renal disease is a global health issue, and there is a growing trend of younger individuals being affected by this condition. In order to save time for patient undergoing dialysis treatment and allow them to return to social life, a portable dialysis device called wearable artificial kidney is quite necessary. The dialysate recycling system serves as a fundamental component of the wearable artificial kidney. It effectively eliminates various toxins from the waste dialysate and gets regenerated dialysate for subsequent dialysis sessions. However, the low capacity of urea treatment has been a difficult problem to overcome. In this study, our primary focus was to investigate the optimal modification conditions for activated carbon modified with sulfuric acid. We fabricated water vapor activation of coconut shell activated carbon and modified activated carbon of various mesh sizes with sulfuric acid solution. The samples were subjected to characterization, and adsorption experiments were conducted to evaluate their performance in adsorbing creatinine and urea. It was ultimately concluded that the samples obtained by treating 200 mesh activated carbon with 6 mol/L sulfuric acid solution exhibited superior adsorption capacity.

终末期肾病是一个全球性的健康问题,而且越来越多的年轻人受到这种疾病的影响。为了节省接受透析治疗的病人的时间,让他们重返社会生活,一种名为可穿戴式人工肾脏的便携式透析设备是非常必要的。透析液循环系统是可穿戴式人工肾脏的基本组成部分。它能有效清除废透析液中的各种毒素,并获得再生透析液用于后续透析疗程。然而,尿素处理能力低一直是一个难以克服的问题。在这项研究中,我们的主要重点是研究硫酸改性活性炭的最佳改性条件。我们制作了水蒸气活化椰壳活性炭,并用硫酸溶液改性了不同目数的活性炭。对样品进行了表征,并进行了吸附实验,以评估其吸附肌酐和尿素的性能。最终得出的结论是,用 6 摩尔/升硫酸溶液处理 200 目活性炭得到的样品具有更强的吸附能力。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of moisture and aging upon decomposition of methyl iodide by reduced silver mordenite 水分和老化对还原型莫代硝酸银分解碘甲烷的影响
IF 3 4区 工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-04-21 DOI: 10.1007/s10450-024-00473-8
Heinrik Goettsche, Krishnan Raja, Piyush Sabbarwall, Vivek Utgikar

Reduced silver mordenite has been considered as a sorbent for the capture of organic iodides, especially methyl iodide, from off-gases produced by aqueous used nuclear fuel reprocessing operations. The adsorption capacity of this material has been unpredictable especially when NOx and water are present. Previous work has found that a catalytic decomposition reaction is occurring on the surface but few determinations have been made of the kinetics of this reaction. The work presented tested the adsorption behavior and apparent catalytic reaction rate in humid conditions and compared those to dry conditions testing. Both experiments observed a first order reaction with rate constants of 0.0847 L/g sorbent/s and 0.1202 L/g sorbent/s respectively. Such a reduction in apparent rate constant is possibly due to either water obstructing methyl iodide adsorption or product desorption limitation. Changes in the adsorption profile were also apparent between these two, with the humid conditions experiment reaching saturation sooner than the dry conditions experiment. Additionally, an experiment into the effects of sorbent storage in a controlled laboratory environment was performed. The performance of the sorbent materials that were stored with silver in the zerovalent state was slightly inferior to those materials that were stored in ionic form (Ag+) and reduced to zerovalent silver immediately prior to subjecting them to sorption test. The materials stored with silver in the ionic form (and reduced just prior to application) behaved essentially similarly to the freshly synthesized (and reduced) sorbents in the sorption tests. This suggests that zerovalent silver experiences some oxidation resulting in deactivation of some sites.

还原银莫代森土被认为是一种吸附剂,可用于捕捉水基废核燃料后处理作业产生的废气中的有机碘化物,特别是甲基碘。这种材料的吸附能力一直无法预测,尤其是在存在氮氧化物和水的情况下。以前的研究发现,这种材料的表面正在发生催化分解反应,但很少有人对这一反应的动力学进行测定。本文介绍的工作测试了潮湿条件下的吸附行为和表面催化反应速率,并将其与干燥条件下的测试进行了比较。两次实验都观察到了一阶反应,速率常数分别为 0.0847 升/克吸附剂/秒和 0.1202 升/克吸附剂/秒。表观速率常数的降低可能是由于水阻碍了碘甲烷的吸附或产物解吸受到限制。两者之间的吸附曲线变化也很明显,潮湿条件下的实验比干燥条件下的实验更快达到饱和。此外,还对吸附剂在受控实验室环境中的储存效果进行了实验。以零价银状态储存的吸附剂材料的性能略逊于以离子形式(Ag+)储存并在进行吸附测试前立即还原成零价银的材料。在吸附测试中,以离子形式储存银(并在使用前将其还原)的材料与新合成(并还原)的吸附剂表现基本相似。这表明,零价银会发生一些氧化作用,导致某些位点失活。
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引用次数: 0
Adsorption of silver nanoparticles by activated carbon from Eragrostis plana Nees: kinetics, equilibrium, and catalytic application in the degradation of 4-nitrophenol Eragrostis plana Nees 活性炭对纳米银颗粒的吸附:动力学、平衡及在降解 4-硝基苯酚中的催化应用
IF 3 4区 工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-04-21 DOI: 10.1007/s10450-024-00468-5
Williane dos S. Francisco, Daniel Rapachi, Andrei V. Igansi, Caroline P. Ruas, Flávio A. Pavan, Luiz A. A. Pinto, Tito R. S. Cadaval Jr., Marcos A. Gelesky

Eragrostis plana Nees is an invasive species in Brazilian territory, known for its high levels of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose, making it a valuable raw material for activated carbon (AC) production. In this study, AC derived from Eragrostis plana Nees leaves was investigated as an adsorbent for silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamic assays were conducted to assess AgNPs adsorption onto AC. The AC exhibited a substantial surface area of 1030 m2 g−1 and demonstrated significant adsorption capacity for AgNPs. Both the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models were found to best describe the kinetics and equilibrium of adsorption, with the highest adsorption capacity observed at 55 °C, reaching 140.19 mg g−1 according to the Langmuir model. Thermodynamic analysis revealed an enthalpy change (∆H°) of 60.75 kJ mol−1 and an entropy change (∆S°) of 0.2711 kJ mol−1 K−1, indicating that the adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic. Additionally, the AgNPs/AC composite exhibited excellent catalytic activity in the 4-nitrophenol reduction, achieving a conversion rate of 97% within 10 min.

Eragrostis plana Nees 是巴西境内的一种入侵物种,以含有大量木质素、纤维素和半纤维素而闻名,是生产活性炭(AC)的宝贵原料。本研究将从 Eragrostis plana Nees 叶片中提取的活性炭作为银纳米颗粒(AgNPs)的吸附剂进行了研究。研究人员对 AC 吸附 AgNPs 的动力学、平衡和热力学进行了评估。AC 的表面积高达 1030 m2 g-1,对 AgNPs 具有显著的吸附能力。根据 Langmuir 模型,在 55 °C 时的吸附容量最高,达到 140.19 mg g-1。热力学分析表明,吸附焓变(ΔH°)为 60.75 kJ mol-1,熵变(ΔS°)为 0.2711 kJ mol-1 K-1,表明吸附过程是自发的、内热的。此外,AgNPs/AC 复合材料在 4-硝基苯酚还原过程中表现出优异的催化活性,在 10 分钟内转化率达到 97%。
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引用次数: 0
Nano-Sulphonated Poly (glycidyl methacrylate)-Hexamethyl Pararosaniline chloride novel composite adsorbent development for treatment of dichromate and permanganate contaminated waste water 用于处理重铬酸盐和高锰酸盐污染废水的纳米磺化聚(甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯)-六甲基副花青素新型复合吸附剂的开发
IF 3 4区 工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-04-20 DOI: 10.1007/s10450-024-00460-z
T. Tamer, M. Abou-Krisha, A. Omer, A. Alhamzani, M. Youssef, T. Yousef, R. Khalifa, M. Salem, M. Mohy-Eldin

The nano-Sulphonated Poly (glycidyl methacrylate)-Hexamethyl Pararosaniline Chloride (Crystal Violet; CV) composite (CV-SPGMA) has been developed as a novel adsorbent for treatment of Dichromate and Permanganate Contaminated Waste Water for the first time. The innovative adsorbent has been developed by adsorption of CV dye from wastewater using nano-Sulphonated Poly (glycidyl methacrylate) (SPGMA) particles. The study investigated the impact of various adsorption parameters. The CV content was observed to be linearly increased by variations in the concentration of CV up to 200 mg/L where maximum content obtained; 174.6 mg/g. The equilibrium almost reached after 90 min. An endothermic nature of the CV adsorption process has been noticed where 178 mg/g CV content obtained at 80 °C. The CV content decreased from 240 mg/g to 46 mg/g with the SPGMA adsorbent dose increment from 5 to 40 mg. The pH of adsorption exhibited the most pronounced impact, with the highest CV content achieved at a pH of 10.0 corresponding to 190.4 mg/g. The reusability of the produced CV-SPGMA adsorbent was examined for consecutive adsorption–desorption cycles, revealing a loss of just 13% in its initial adsorption efficiency after 10 cycles. In addition, the alterations in the chemical structure and morphology caused by the development of CV-SPGMA composite were observed through the utilization of characterization techniques including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX). Finally, the developed CV-SPGMA composite adsorbent, for the first time, tested for the removal of Cr (VI) and Mn (VII) metal ions from dichromate and permanganate contaminated waters under mild adsorption conditions where shows seven folds affinity towards removal of the Cr (VI), 84.6 mg/g, than Mn (VII), 11.66 mg/g.

纳米磺化聚(甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯)-六甲基氯化对位氨基苯胺(结晶紫;CV)复合材料(CV-SPGMA)首次被开发为一种新型吸附剂,用于处理重铬酸盐和高锰酸盐污染的废水。这种创新型吸附剂是通过使用纳米磺化聚(甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯)(SPGMA)颗粒吸附废水中的 CV 染料而开发出来的。研究调查了各种吸附参数的影响。观察到 CV 含量随 CV 浓度的变化而线性增加,最高可达 200 mg/L,其中最大含量为 174.6 mg/g。90 分钟后几乎达到平衡。注意到 CV 吸附过程具有内热性质,在 80 °C 时,CV 含量为 178 mg/g。随着 SPGMA 吸附剂剂量从 5 毫克增至 40 毫克,CV 含量从 240 毫克/克降至 46 毫克/克。吸附 pH 值的影响最为明显,pH 值为 10.0 时的 CV 含量最高,为 190.4 毫克/克。对所生产的 CV-SPGMA 吸附剂进行了连续吸附-解吸循环的可再利用性检测,结果显示,经过 10 个循环后,其初始吸附效率仅下降了 13%。此外,还利用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能量色散 X 射线光谱(EDAX)等表征技术观察了 CV-SPGMA 复合材料的化学结构和形态变化。最后,所开发的 CV-SPGMA 复合吸附剂首次在温和的吸附条件下测试了重铬酸盐和高锰酸盐污染水体中的 Cr (VI) 和 Mn (VII) 金属离子的去除率,结果表明对 Cr (VI) 的去除率为 84.6 mg/g,比对 Mn (VII) 的去除率 11.66 mg/g 高出七倍。
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引用次数: 0
Biomass waste from walnut shell for pollutants removal and energy storage: a review on waste to wealth transformation 从核桃壳中提取生物质废物用于去除污染物和储能:变废为宝综述
IF 3 4区 工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-04-20 DOI: 10.1007/s10450-024-00458-7
M. Saranya Devi, T. Daniel Thangadurai, Sankarasekaran Shanmugaraju, Chithirai Pon Selvan, Yong Ill Lee

The scientific community is becoming increasingly interested in the production of activated carbon (AC) using pyrolyzed biomass wastes as potential sustainable precursors. Both chemical and physical methods may have a significant impact on the chemical and physical properties of AC, making it suitable for a variety of applications such as water pollution treatment, CO2 capture, dye, and heavy metal (HM) removal, and energy storage. The properties of AC are significantly influenced by feedstock composition, pyrolysis conditions, and carbon activation parameters. In comparison to traditional AC, activated biochar appears to be a new potentially cost-effective, and environmentally friendly carbon material with a wide range of applications. Walnut is a well-known member of the Juglandaceae family. Walnut Shell (WS) is extremely tough and degrades very slowly, and the multiple synthesis procedures employ the shell to prepare AC. In this review article, a detailed list of products and different applications of AC from the WS is provided. The cited results explain the optimal conditions for an adsorption process, which include pH, adsorbent dosage, temperature, agitation speed, contact time, efficiency, adsorption capacity, fitting model, kinetics, and thermodynamics. In addition, it also describes the removal of a few organic compounds, and energy storage applications using parameters such as BET, different electrolytes, and specific capacitance.

科学界对利用热解生物质废物作为潜在的可持续前体生产活性炭(AC)的兴趣与日俱增。化学和物理方法都可能对活性炭的化学和物理性质产生重大影响,使其适用于多种应用,如水污染处理、二氧化碳捕获、染料和重金属(HM)去除以及能源储存。活性生物碳的特性受原料成分、热解条件和碳活化参数的影响很大。与传统的活性炭相比,活性生物炭似乎是一种具有潜在成本效益的新型环保炭材料,具有广泛的应用前景。核桃是著名的胡桃科植物。核桃壳(WS)非常坚硬,降解速度非常慢,多种合成程序都使用核桃壳来制备 AC。在这篇综述文章中,详细列举了从核桃壳制备 AC 的产品和不同应用。引用的结果解释了吸附过程的最佳条件,包括 pH 值、吸附剂用量、温度、搅拌速度、接触时间、效率、吸附容量、拟合模型、动力学和热力学。此外,它还介绍了几种有机化合物的去除情况,以及利用 BET、不同电解质和比电容等参数的储能应用。
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引用次数: 0
Carbon/zeolite 13X composition for atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) application in arid regions 用于干旱地区大气集水(AWH)的碳/沸石 13X 成分
IF 3 4区 工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.1007/s10450-024-00476-5
Ali Mehdikhani, Esmaeil Salahi, Jahangir Shahmoradi

To develop atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) technology, Zeolite 13X (Z) powder was hydrothermally produced with the addition of different grain sizes of carbon black additive (C) to adsorb air moisture at night and release the water adsorbed by solar irradiation during the day. Various characterization techniques were utilized, including X-ray diffractometry, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) nitrogen adsorption, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), UV‒Vis analysis, and a solar simulator, It was determined that the composition of 95%zeolite 13X-5% carbon black with a particle size of ~50 nanometers (ZC55) yielded the best result. The mentioned composition (ZC55) after one hour of exposure under a standard solar simulator flux of 1000 W/m2 by bringing the temperature of the composition to 110°C achieved the highest moisture removal in the composite. This compound evaporated 50% of the adsorbed water after one hour (0.15 g/g), from 0.31 g/g sorption capacity.

为了开发大气集水(AWH)技术,采用水热法生产了沸石 13X(Z)粉末,并添加了不同粒度的炭黑添加剂(C),以便在夜间吸附空气中的水分,并在白天释放通过太阳照射吸附的水分。使用了多种表征技术,包括 X 射线衍射仪、Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)氮吸附、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、紫外可见光分析和太阳能模拟器。将上述成分(ZC55)置于 1000 W/m2 的标准太阳模拟器通量下曝晒一小时后,将成分温度升至 110°C,复合材料中的水分去除率最高。这种复合材料的吸附容量为 0.31 克/克,一小时后蒸发了 50%的吸附水(0.15 克/克)。
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Adsorption
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