{"title":"Controlling the ‘Invasion’: The Commonwealth Alien Doctors Board and Medical Migrants in Australia, 1942–46","authors":"Gabrielle C. Wolf","doi":"10.53637/tool9459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53637/tool9459","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45951,"journal":{"name":"UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES LAW JOURNAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45395848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring the Legal Basis in Australia for Evacuations from Disasters: Avoiding Arbitrary Displacement","authors":"J. McAdam","doi":"10.53637/oyfb2213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53637/oyfb2213","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45951,"journal":{"name":"UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES LAW JOURNAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45616625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article, we examine whether organ procurement of the heart and transplantation contravenes the dead donor rule and Australian legislative definitions of death as an irreversible cessation of the circulation. We contend that this practice upholds a long-held belief that donors of any organs after cessation of the circulation are not actually dead at the time of procurement – principally because of insufficient time lapse between cessation of the circulation and procurement of organs. Moreover, the fact that the transplanted heart functions in a recipient proves the donor’s circulation had never actually ceased irreversibly. Nonetheless, we suggest that this practice may be legitimised by amending legislation to redefine death as an irreversible cessation of brain function preceded by cessation of the circulation and requiring medical proof that the donor’s cortical brain function has ceased function before organ procurement.
{"title":"Heart Transplantation after Circulatory Death: It Is Time to Redefine Death According to Irreversible Cessation of the Circulation and Reconcile It with Irreversible Cessation of Brain Function","authors":"Neera Bhatia, J. Tibballs","doi":"10.53637/xqwf4084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53637/xqwf4084","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we examine whether organ procurement of the heart and transplantation contravenes the dead donor rule and Australian legislative definitions of death as an irreversible cessation of the circulation. We contend that this practice upholds a long-held belief that donors of any organs after cessation of the circulation are not actually dead at the time of procurement – principally because of insufficient time lapse between cessation of the circulation and procurement of organs. Moreover, the fact that the transplanted heart functions in a recipient proves the donor’s circulation had never actually ceased irreversibly. Nonetheless, we suggest that this practice may be legitimised by amending legislation to redefine death as an irreversible cessation of brain function preceded by cessation of the circulation and requiring medical proof that the donor’s cortical brain function has ceased function before organ procurement.","PeriodicalId":45951,"journal":{"name":"UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES LAW JOURNAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49384497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Doctrine of Command Responsibility in Australian Military Law","authors":"A. Gray","doi":"10.53637/jpib4732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53637/jpib4732","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45951,"journal":{"name":"UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES LAW JOURNAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43999009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Considering Zoonotic Disease Risk in Australia: An Analysis of the Adequacy of Intensive Animal Agriculture Regulation","authors":"J. Kotzmann, Morgan Stonebridge","doi":"10.53637/uopg4882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53637/uopg4882","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45951,"journal":{"name":"UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES LAW JOURNAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44941987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
After over two decades of development, Chinese statutory directorial duties have evolved into two segments: the duty of care and the duty of loyalty. However, the duty of care is still difficult to apply. While an abstract and vague drafting style is a common characteristic of Chinese legislation, a survey of existing Chinese laws and administrative rules should assist in clarifying the duty of care requirements expected of directors. Considering the increasing significance of judicial precedents and the exemplary function of administrative sanctions, analysing recent duty of care cases is conducive to supplementing further information and deciphering myths surrounding the application of the duty of care mechanism in China. However, this analysis demonstrates that there are inconsistencies in the standards of care applied by courts and by the China Securities Regulatory Commission. The article finds that a clearer statutory standard of care should be introduced into the People’s Republic of China Company Law.
{"title":"A Promising Path or Dead End? A Director’s Duty of Care in China","authors":"C. Weng","doi":"10.53637/ralc2360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53637/ralc2360","url":null,"abstract":"After over two decades of development, Chinese statutory directorial duties have evolved into two segments: the duty of care and the duty of loyalty. However, the duty of care is still difficult to apply. While an abstract and vague drafting style is a common characteristic of Chinese legislation, a survey of existing Chinese laws and administrative rules should assist in clarifying the duty of care requirements expected of directors. Considering the increasing significance of judicial precedents and the exemplary function of administrative sanctions, analysing recent duty of care cases is conducive to supplementing further information and deciphering myths surrounding the application of the duty of care mechanism in China. However, this analysis demonstrates that there are inconsistencies in the standards of care applied by courts and by the China Securities Regulatory Commission. The article finds that a clearer statutory standard of care should be introduced into the People’s Republic of China Company Law.","PeriodicalId":45951,"journal":{"name":"UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES LAW JOURNAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44717721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Property as Emergent Order: Explanations and Limitations","authors":"Michael JR Crawford","doi":"10.53637/dhrp7052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53637/dhrp7052","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45951,"journal":{"name":"UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES LAW JOURNAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49296484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Fast and the Furious: Exploring the Limits of Law and Economics through a Campaign to Repeal the Luxury Car Tax","authors":"K. James","doi":"10.53637/pgaz3437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53637/pgaz3437","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45951,"journal":{"name":"UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES LAW JOURNAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44251589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Encryption and the Privilege against Self-Incrimination: What Happens When a Suspect Refuses to Divulge a Password","authors":"Daniel Hochstrasser","doi":"10.53637/olrx1009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53637/olrx1009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45951,"journal":{"name":"UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES LAW JOURNAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43370305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recent recommended changes to Australia’s patent laws could narrow the scope of patentable inventions. We argue this could have a comparatively bigger impact on female inventors who we find clustered in the life sciences. We examine 309,544 patent applications filed with IP Australia (the majority from international applicants) across a 15-year period (2001–15) and attribute a gender to 941,516 inventor names. Only 23.6% of patent applications in this dataset include at least 1 female inventor. The average overall success rate irrespective of gender was 75.0%, but the odds of success increased with increasing numbers of male inventors on a team. The addition of female inventors to a team did not have the same effect. We propose that the gender disparity could arise from implicit gender effects (examiner or patentee) during patent prosecution. suggests that the observed odds ratio is consistent with the null hypothesis of no effect of the number of females on the odds of patent application success.
{"title":"Patents and Gender: A Big Data Analysis of 15 Years of Australian Patent Applications","authors":"Vicki T. Huang, S. Finch, C. Patrick","doi":"10.53637/plgv6252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53637/plgv6252","url":null,"abstract":"Recent recommended changes to Australia’s patent laws could narrow the scope of patentable inventions. We argue this could have a comparatively bigger impact on female inventors who we find clustered in the life sciences. We examine 309,544 patent applications filed with IP Australia (the majority from international applicants) across a 15-year period (2001–15) and attribute a gender to 941,516 inventor names. Only 23.6% of patent applications in this dataset include at least 1 female inventor. The average overall success rate irrespective of gender was 75.0%, but the odds of success increased with increasing numbers of male inventors on a team. The addition of female inventors to a team did not have the same effect. We propose that the gender disparity could arise from implicit gender effects (examiner or patentee) during patent prosecution. suggests that the observed odds ratio is consistent with the null hypothesis of no effect of the number of females on the odds of patent application success.","PeriodicalId":45951,"journal":{"name":"UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES LAW JOURNAL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48640148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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