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ESG risk and returns implied by demand-based asset pricing models 基于需求的资产定价模型所隐含的环境、社会和治理风险与回报
IF 2.5 Q2 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2024-05-25 DOI: 10.1057/s41260-024-00354-3
Chi Zhang, Xinyang Li, Andrea Tamoni, Misha van Beek, Andrew Ang

We investigate how changes in demand for Environment, Social and Governance (ESG) characteristics affect stock prices. We consider three scenarios: increased demand for ESG characteristics by investors, shifts in assets under management from institutions with low demand for ESG characteristics to those with high demand, and changes in the ESG characteristics of the stocks themselves. To compute the effects of the scenarios, we use a demand-based asset pricing model which is calibrated to individual stock-level holdings of institutional investors. We find that these scenarios lead to significantly different returns of stocks with different ESG characteristics.

我们研究了对环境、社会和治理(ESG)特征需求的变化如何影响股票价格。我们考虑了三种情况:投资者对环境、社会和治理特征的需求增加;管理的资产从对环境、社会和治理特征需求低的机构转移到需求高的机构;股票本身的环境、社会和治理特征发生变化。为了计算这些情景的影响,我们使用了一个基于需求的资产定价模型,并对机构投资者的个股持有量进行了校准。我们发现,这些情景会导致具有不同环境、社会和公司治理特征的股票收益率出现显著差异。
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引用次数: 0
Cost mitigation of factor investing in emerging equity markets 降低新兴股票市场要素投资的成本
IF 2.5 Q2 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2024-05-25 DOI: 10.1057/s41260-024-00353-4
Kay Stankov, Dirk Schiereck, Volker Flögel

At the beginning of factor investing research, the investment universe concentrated on developed markets and transaction costs were paid little attention. Expensive trading costs of factor investing in emerging equity markets influence optimal portfolio decisions. Based on a total costs estimate of factor-based portfolio tilts, a simple cost-mitigation approach increases net performance. Exploiting the structure of market impact, we indirectly control the costs by limiting order sizes relative to their underlying stocks’ short-term liquidity. This cost-efficient strategy yields better implementability and lower-priced turnover while a possible negative effect on gross performance is more than offset.

在要素投资研究的初期,投资领域主要集中在发达市场,交易成本很少受到重视。在新兴股票市场进行因子投资的高昂交易成本影响了最佳投资组合决策。基于因子投资组合倾斜的总成本估算,一种简单的成本缓解方法提高了净业绩。我们利用市场影响的结构,通过限制订单规模与相关股票的短期流动性来间接控制成本。这种具有成本效益的策略能带来更好的可实施性和更低的成交价格,同时对总业绩可能产生的负面影响也被抵消得差不多了。
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引用次数: 0
Optimal trend-following rules in two-state regime-switching models 双态制度转换模型中的最优趋势跟踪规则
IF 2.5 Q2 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.1057/s41260-024-00357-0
Valeriy Zakamulin, Javier Giner
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引用次数: 0
Wealth and familiarity bias: sin stocks investment in Europe 财富与熟悉偏差:欧洲的罪股投资
IF 2.5 Q2 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1057/s41260-024-00360-5
Mohammed Hamdan, Pedro Fernandez Calavia, Nasiru Aminu
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引用次数: 0
Crypto-asset regulatory landscape: a comparative analysis of the crypto-asset regulation in the UK and Germany 加密资产监管格局:对英国和德国加密资产监管的比较分析
IF 2.5 Q2 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1057/s41260-024-00358-z
Christoph Wronka
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引用次数: 0
Endowment asset allocations: insights and strategies 捐赠资产分配:见解与策略
IF 2.5 Q2 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.1057/s41260-023-00346-9
Tom Arnold, John H. Earl, Joseph Farizo, David North
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引用次数: 0
Core-satellite investing with commodity futures momentum 利用商品期货势头进行核心卫星投资
IF 2.5 Q2 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1057/s41260-024-00352-5
Immo Stadtmüller, Benjamin R. Auer, Frank Schuhmacher

Core-satellite strategies are often implemented to combine the benefits of passive and active investing. Our study analyzes a particularly attractive and quasi-frictionless core-satellite approach: Adding active commodity futures momentum satellites to passive cores diversified across traditional asset classes. We show that momentum portfolios, enhanced by long-term reversal and skewness information, are highly valuable satellites. Considering them with low fixed weights, as suggested by popular strategic allocations, leads to significant improvements in investment performance and reduces portfolio sensitivities to shocks in investor fear. In contrast, using time-varying optimized weights based on satellite alphas or tail risk minimization turns out to be less advantageous. Interestingly and regardless of the considered weighting scheme, momentum satellites shine primarily by lowering portfolio risk (instead of increasing portfolio return) which supports modern interpretations of the role of active management.

核心卫星策略通常是为了结合被动投资和主动投资的优势而实施的。我们的研究分析了一种特别有吸引力且准无摩擦的核心卫星方法:在传统资产类别多样化的被动核心中加入主动商品期货动量卫星。我们的研究表明,通过长期反转和偏度信息增强的动量投资组合是极具价值的卫星投资组合。按照流行的战略配置建议,以较低的固定权重考虑动量投资组合,可显著改善投资业绩,降低投资组合对投资者恐惧冲击的敏感性。相比之下,使用基于卫星字母或尾部风险最小化的随时间变化的优化权重则没有那么有利。有趣的是,无论采用哪种加权方案,动量卫星都主要通过降低投资组合风险(而不是增加投资组合回报)来发挥作用,这支持了对主动管理作用的现代解释。
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引用次数: 0
Deconstructing ESG scores: investing at the category score level 解构环境、社会和公司治理得分:在类别得分层面进行投资
IF 2.5 Q2 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2024-04-20 DOI: 10.1057/s41260-024-00356-1
Torsten Ehlers, Ulrike Elsenhuber, Anandakumar Jegarasasingam, Eric Jondeau

Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) scores are a key tool for asset managers in designing and implementing ESG investment strategies. They, however, amalgamate a broad range of fundamentally different factors, creating ambiguity for investors as to the underlying drivers of higher or lower ESG scores. We explore the feasibility and performance of more targeted investment strategies based on specific ESG categories by deconstructing ESG scores into their granular components. We implement “best-in-class” strategies by excluding firms with the lowest category scores and reinvesting the proceeds in firms with the highest scores, maintaining the same regional and sectoral composition. These approaches reduce the portfolio’s tracking error and slightly improve its risk-adjusted performance, while still yielding large gains in targeted ESG scores.

环境、社会和治理(ESG)评分是资产管理公司设计和实施 ESG 投资战略的重要工具。然而,ESG 分数综合了一系列本质上不同的因素,使投资者对 ESG 分数高低的根本原因模糊不清。我们通过将 ESG 分数分解为细小的组成部分,探索基于特定 ESG 类别的更具针对性的投资策略的可行性和绩效。我们实施 "同类最佳 "策略,剔除类别得分最低的公司,将收益重新投资于得分最高的公司,并保持相同的地区和行业构成。这些方法降低了投资组合的跟踪误差,略微改善了其风险调整后的表现,同时仍能在目标 ESG 分数上获得巨大收益。
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引用次数: 0
A century of asset allocation crash risk 一个世纪的资产配置碰撞风险
IF 2.5 Q2 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.1057/s41260-024-00355-2
Mikhail Samonov, Nonna Sorokina

We extend proxies of several popular asset allocation approaches—U.S. and Global 60/40, Diversified Multi-Asset, Risk Parity, Endowment, Factor-Based, and Dynamic asset allocation—using long-run return data for a variety of sub-asset classes and factors to test their long-term performance. We use equity and debt assets, commodities, alternatives, and indices to reconstruct the returns on allocation portfolios from 1926 to the present, the entire period for which comprehensive asset pricing data are available. We contribute to the existing literature by developing a laboratory for testing the performance of popular asset allocation strategies in a wide range of scenarios. We also aim to test the importance of the behavioral aspect of investment decisions for portfolio outcomes. In our framework, Factor-Based portfolios exhibit the best traditionally measured risk-adjusted returns over the long run. However, Dynamic asset allocation is most likely to reduce the risk of abandonment of the strategy by an investor and selling the portfolio in panic when they experience losses over their tolerance threshold, because the dynamic strategy exhibits lower expected drawdowns, even during severe market downturns. Across all strategies, risk-tolerant investors who rely on a longer history to set their expectations, whether based upon actual or extrapolated data, experience significantly better outcomes, particularly if their investment horizon includes times of crisis. This study informs portfolio managers, investment analysts, and advisors, as well as investors themselves, of the impact of information, persistence, and properties of various portfolio allocation methods on investment returns.

我们扩展了几种流行的资产配置方法--美国和全球 60/40、多元化多资产、风险平价、捐赠、基于因子和动态资产配置--的替代方法,使用各种子资产类别和因子的长期回报数据来测试它们的长期表现。我们使用股票和债务资产、商品、替代品和指数来重建从 1926 年至今的配置组合回报,这是有全面资产定价数据可用的整个时期。我们开发了一个实验室,用于测试流行的资产配置策略在各种情况下的表现,为现有文献做出了贡献。我们还旨在测试投资决策行为对投资组合结果的重要性。在我们的框架中,基于因子的投资组合表现出最佳的传统测算的长期风险调整回报。然而,动态资产配置最有可能降低投资者放弃策略的风险,当投资者遭遇的损失超过其承受阈值时,他们会恐慌性地卖出投资组合,因为动态策略表现出较低的预期缩水率,即使在市场严重下滑时也是如此。在所有策略中,风险承受能力强的投资者依靠较长的历史来设定预期,无论是基于实际数据还是推断数据,其结果都要好得多,尤其是当他们的投资范围包括危机时期时。这项研究为投资组合经理、投资分析师和顾问以及投资者本身提供了信息、持续性和各种投资组合分配方法的特性对投资回报的影响方面的信息。
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引用次数: 0
Which investors support the transition toward a low-carbon economy? Exit and Voice in mutual funds 哪些投资者支持向低碳经济转型?共同基金的退出和发言权
IF 2.5 Q2 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1057/s41260-023-00345-w
Jonas Zink

Reducing portfolio carbon footprints (Exit) and voting in favor of climate-related shareholder proposals (Voice) are among the main actions that investors can take to promote an accelerated transition toward a low-carbon economy. This paper studies three important investor groups that can be instrumental in driving the transition and evaluates their Exit and Voice behavior. I find that the five largest asset managers perform poorly on Exit and Voice over the full sample period but improved on both in more recent years. Only a small fraction of signatories to sustainable investor initiatives are supportive of the transition. Counterintuitively, investors who perform poorly on Exit, perform well on Voice. Finally, I examine the financial consequences of employing Exit and Voice and find that Exit is positively related to risk-adjusted fund returns; however, this is not necessarily attributable to superior skill of fund managers.

减少投资组合的碳足迹("退出")和投票支持与气候相关的股东提案("声音")是投资者为促进加速向低碳经济转型而可以采取的主要行动之一。本文研究了可在推动转型方面发挥重要作用的三个重要投资者群体,并评估了他们的 "退出 "和 "声音 "行为。我发现,在整个样本期间,五家最大的资产管理公司在退出和声音方面表现不佳,但在最近几年,这两方面都有所改善。只有一小部分签署可持续投资者倡议的投资者支持转型。与直觉相反的是,在 "退出 "方面表现不佳的投资者在 "声音 "方面却表现良好。最后,我研究了采用 "退出 "和 "声音 "的财务后果,发现 "退出 "与风险调整后的基金回报呈正相关;但这并不一定归因于基金经理的高超技能。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Asset Management
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