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Praziquantel as the preferred treatment for schistosomiasis. 将吡喹酮作为血吸虫病的首选治疗药物。
IF 2.2 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.5603/imh.99453
Yusuf Haz Condeng, Sudirman Katu, Andi Makbul Aman, Haerani Rasyid, Syakib Bakri, Harun Iskandar

Schistosomiasis, caused by Schistosoma trematode worms, represents a significant global health challenge. This review offers a thorough examination of the disease's epidemiology, transmission dynamics, diagnostic modalities, and treatment options. Diagnostic techniques encompass direct parasitological methods, immunological assays, DNA/RNA detection, and biomarker utilization, each with distinct advantages and limitations. There is an urgent need for improved diagnostic tools with enhanced sensitivity and specificity. Praziquantel remains the cornerstone of treatment, exhibiting efficacy against all Schistosoma species, while the potential of artemisin derivatives in combination therapy is also explored. In this review, we focus on the importance of praziquantel administration as the central aspect of schistosomiasis treatment, highlighting ongoing efforts to optimize its utilization for improved patient outcomes.

由血吸虫引起的血吸虫病是全球健康面临的重大挑战。这篇综述对该疾病的流行病学、传播动态、诊断方法和治疗方案进行了深入研究。诊断技术包括直接寄生虫学方法、免疫学测定、DNA/RNA 检测和生物标记物利用,每种技术都有其独特的优势和局限性。目前急需改进诊断工具,提高灵敏度和特异性。普拉喹酮仍是治疗的基石,对所有血吸虫种类都有疗效,同时也在探索青蒿素衍生物在联合治疗中的潜力。在本综述中,我们将重点关注吡喹酮作为血吸虫病治疗核心药物的重要性,并着重介绍为改善患者预后而不断优化吡喹酮使用的努力。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of North Sea saturation procedures through divers monitoring. 通过潜水员监测评估北海饱和程序。
IF 1.6 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.5603/imh.99606
Jean-Pierre Imbert, Axel Barbaud, Sian Stevens, Craig Miller, Hilary Peace, Helene Rossin, Alain Letourneur, Philip Bryson, Bo Damsgaard, Costantino Balestra

Background: Saturation diving is a standard method of intervention for commercial diving during offshore operations. Current saturation procedures achieve a high level of safety with regards to decompression sickness but still put the divers under multiple stressors: 1) Environmental stress (long confinement, heat/cold, dense gases, high oxygen levels), 2) Work stress (muscular fatigue, psychological pressure, breathing equipment, etc.), 3) venous gas emboli associated with decompression, 4) Inflammation related to oxidative stress and microparticles. We present the results of a saturation divers monitoring campaign performed in the North Sea Danish sector, on the Tyra field, during 2022. The study was supported by TotalEnergies, the field operator, and performed by Boskalis Subsea Services, the diving contractor, onboard the diving support vessel Boka Atlantis. The objective was twofold: document the level of diving stress during saturation operations in the Danish sector, and compare the performances of two saturation procedures, the Boskalis and the NORSOK procedures.

Materials and methods: Fourteen divers volunteered for the study. The monitoring package include weight and temperature measurements, psychomotor tests (objective evaluation) and questionnaires (subjective evaluation), Doppler bubble detection and bioimpedance. The results were presented in a radar diagram that provides a general view of the situation.

Results: The data were analysed along 3 dimensions: work and environmental, desaturation bubbles, oxidative stress and inflammation. The results showed little or no variations from the reference values. No bubbles were detected after excursion dives and the final decompression, except for two divers with a grade 1 after arriving at surface. No statistical difference could be found between the Boskalis and the NORSOK saturation procedures.

Conclusions: At a depth of 40-50 msw corresponding to the Danish sector, the two saturation procedures monitored induce no or little stress to the divers. The divers know how to manage their diet, equilibrate their hydration and pace their effort. Data available on divers' post saturation period show a recovery over the 24-48 hours following the end of the decompression. Further research should focus on diving deeper than 100 msw where a greater stress can be anticipated.

背景:饱和潜水是近海作业中商业潜水的标准干预方法。目前的饱和潜水程序在减压病方面达到了较高的安全水平,但仍使潜水员面临多重压力:1) 环境压力(长期封闭、冷热、高密度气体、高氧气含量);2) 工作压力(肌肉疲劳、心理压力、呼吸设备等);3) 与减压有关的静脉气体栓塞;4) 与氧化应激和微颗粒有关的炎症。我们介绍了 2022 年在北海丹麦区 Tyra 油田进行的饱和潜水员监测活动的结果。这项研究得到了油田运营商道达尔能源公司(TotalEnergies)的支持,由潜水承包商博斯卡利斯海底服务公司(Boskalis Subsea Services)在 "博卡-亚特兰蒂斯 "号潜水支持船上进行。研究有两个目的:记录丹麦油田饱和作业期间的潜水压力水平,并比较两种饱和程序(博斯卡利斯程序和 NORSOK 程序)的性能:14 名潜水员自愿参与研究。监测包包括体重和体温测量、精神运动测试(客观评价)和问卷调查(主观评价)、多普勒气泡检测和生物阻抗。监测结果以雷达图的形式呈现,提供了总体情况:从三个方面对数据进行了分析:工作和环境、不饱和气泡、氧化应激和炎症。结果显示,与参考值几乎没有差异。除了两名潜水员在抵达水面后出现 1 级气泡外,在远航潜水和最后一次减压后都没有发现气泡。Boskalis 和 NORSOK 的饱和程序之间没有统计学差异:结论:在丹麦海域 40-50 米的深度,监测到的两种饱和程序都不会或几乎不会对潜水员造成压力。潜水员知道如何管理他们的饮食、平衡他们的水合作用和调整他们的努力节奏。有关潜水员饱和后的数据显示,在减压结束后的 24-48 小时内,潜水员的身体会得到恢复。进一步的研究应侧重于水深超过 100 米的潜水,因为在那里预计会有更大的压力。
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引用次数: 0
Navigating the depths: exploring seafarers' psychological well-being on board, anchored by the mediating role of resilience and loneliness. 深海航行:探索海员在船上的心理健康,以复原力和孤独感的中介作用为基础。
IF 1.6 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.5603/imh.98445
Nihan Senbursa, Emre Dunder

Background: This study investigates seafarers' loneliness as a mediating variable between psychological well-being and resilience, and tests resilience as a mediating variable between psychological well-being and loneliness. It also examines the challenges faced by seafarers on different types of ships and evaluates the mediating roles of resilience and loneliness.

Materials and methods: The research uses descriptive data analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and mediation analysis with bootstrap-based regression models. An online survey was conducted with 471 active Turkish seafarers using a sociodemographic questionnaire and three standardized scales measuring psychological well-being (PW), loneliness at work (LAW), and psychological resilience (PR). Data were collected between 01/07/2023 and 01/09/2023.

Results: The findings indicate that ship type is a significant factor in the mediating roles of loneliness at work and psychological resilience. There is a partial mediating role of loneliness at work and resilience in psychological well-being across different ship types. Specifically, loneliness at work partially mediates the relationship between psychological resilience and psychological well-being among seafarers on tanker or bulk carrier vessels, but not on container vessels.

Conclusions: The study concludes with suggestions to address the mental health challenges faced by seafarers, emphasizing the importance of ship type in the mediating roles of loneliness and resilience. Regarding the mediating role of loneliness at work, it has been determined that there is partial mediation between psychological resilience and psychological well-being among seafarers working on tanker or bulk carrier vessels. However, on container vessels, loneliness at work does not mediate the relationship between psychological well-being and psychological resilience. Based on these findings, the authors conclude by offering a range of helpful solutions to address this problem.

研究背景本研究探讨了海员的孤独感在心理健康和复原力之间的中介作用,并检验了复原力在心理健康和孤独感之间的中介作用。研究还考察了海员在不同类型船舶上面临的挑战,并评估了复原力和孤独感的中介作用:研究采用了描述性数据分析、可靠性分析、相关性分析和基于引导回归模型的中介分析。对 471 名活跃的土耳其海员进行了在线调查,使用了一份社会人口学问卷和三个标准化量表,分别测量心理健康(PW)、工作中的孤独感(LAW)和心理复原力(PR)。数据收集时间为 2023 年 7 月 1 日至 2023 年 9 月 1 日:研究结果表明,船舶类型是工作中的孤独感和心理复原力的重要中介因素。在不同船型中,工作中的孤独感和心理复原力对心理健康有部分中介作用。具体而言,工作中的孤独感对油轮或散货船海员的心理复原力和心理健康之间的关系起到了部分中介作用,但对集装箱船海员的心理复原力和心理健康之间的关系没有起到中介作用:研究最后提出了应对海员面临的心理健康挑战的建议,强调了船舶类型在孤独感和复原力的中介作用中的重要性。关于工作中孤独感的中介作用,研究发现,在油轮或散货船上工作的海员的心理复原力和心理健康之间存在部分中介作用。然而,在集装箱船上,工作中的孤独感并不能调节心理健康和心理复原力之间的关系。基于这些发现,作者最后提出了一系列有用的解决方案来解决这一问题。
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引用次数: 0
Self-reported diabetes mellitus among seafarers: occupational and sociodemographic predictors. 海员自我报告的糖尿病:职业和社会人口预测因素。
IF 2.2 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.5603/imh.98289
Getu Gamo Sagaro, Marzio Di Canio, Gopi Battineni, Giovanna Ricci, Francesco Amenta

Background: Seafarers are at increased risk of diabetes due to their lifestyle and working conditions on board ships. There is, however, limited evidence regarding the magnitude of diabetes and its risk factors. In this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence of self-reported diabetes among seafarers on board ships and identify risk factors associated with it.

Materials and methods: A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted among seafarers aboard ships between November and December 2022. The study enrolled a total of 4,500 seafarers aged 18 and older. Data were collected using anonymous, standardized questionnaires. The association between the outcome variable and the independent variables was assessed using binary logistic regression models.

Results: In total, 2,986 participants were included in the study. The prevalence of self-reported diabetes among seafarers was found to be 8.2% (95% CI: 7.2-9.2). Self-reported diabetes prevalence among officers and non-officers was 7% and 9%, respectively. The mean age of study participants was 37.96 ± 10.22, while the mean age of participants with diabetes was 47.5 ± 9.46. Independent predictors of self-reported diabetes mellitus were age (51+ years) [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 3.52, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.46-8.95], rank (non-officer) [AOR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.14-2.40], worksites (engine) (AOR: 2.08, 95% CI: 1.19-3.77), work experience (10-20 years) (AOR: 4.66, 95% CI: 2.33-10.05), work experience (21+ years) (AOR: 5.01, 95% CI: 2.32-11.55), working hours per week (57-70 hours) (AOR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.08-2.31), working hours per week (71+ hours) (AOR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.17-2.80), self-reported hypertension (AOR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.03-1.99), overweight (AOR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.24-2.47), and obesity (AOR: 2.93; 95% CI: 1.84-4.65).

Conclusions: This study revealed that one in twelve seafarers between the ages of 19 and 70 have self-reported diabetes. The present study identified significant risk factors associated with diabetes. Risk factor mitigation strategies aimed at high-risk groups should be implemented on board ships.

背景:由于生活方式和船上的工作条件,海员患糖尿病的风险增加。然而,有关糖尿病及其风险因素的证据却很有限。在这项研究中,我们旨在评估船上海员自我报告的糖尿病患病率,并确定与之相关的风险因素:2022 年 11 月至 12 月期间,我们对船上的海员进行了一次横断面流行病学调查。这项研究共招募了 4500 名 18 岁及以上的海员。数据采用匿名标准化问卷收集。采用二元逻辑回归模型评估结果变量与自变量之间的关联:结果:共有 2,986 人参与了研究。海员自我报告的糖尿病患病率为 8.2%(95% CI:7.2-9.2)。军官和非军官自我报告的糖尿病患病率分别为 7% 和 9%。研究参与者的平均年龄为(37.96 ± 10.22)岁,而糖尿病患者的平均年龄为(47.5 ± 9.46)岁。年龄(51 岁以上)[调整后的几率比(AOR):3.52,95% 置信区间(CI):1.46-8.95]、职级(非官员)[AOR:1.65;95% CI:1.14-2.40]、工作地点(发动机)(AOR:2.08,95% CI:1.19-3.77)、工作年限(10-20 年)(AOR:4.66,95% CI:2.33-10.05)、工作年限(21 年以上)(AOR:5.01,95% CI:2.32-11.55)、每周工作时间(57-70 小时)(AOR:1.57,95% CI:1.08-2.31)、每周工作时间(71 小时以上)(AOR:1.80,95% CI:1.17-2.80)、自我报告的高血压情况。80)、自我报告的高血压(AOR:1.44,95% CI:1.03-1.99)、超重(AOR:1.74;95% CI:1.24-2.47)和肥胖(AOR:2.93;95% CI:1.84-4.65):这项研究表明,每 12 名年龄在 19 岁至 70 岁之间的海员中就有一人自我报告患有糖尿病。本研究发现了与糖尿病相关的重要风险因素。船上应针对高危人群实施风险因素缓解策略。
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引用次数: 0
Impact on seafarers of extreme events: A case study arising out of the situation in Ukraine. 极端事件对海员的影响:乌克兰局势案例研究。
IF 1.6 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.5603/imh.100443
Anish Arvind Hebbar, Teona Khabeishvili

Background: Maritime transportation is the lifeblood of the world's economy. However, seafarers are exposed to isolated, confined and particularly extreme environments. Maritime operations in the face of geopolitical conflicts profoundly impact seafarers' mental health, well-being and safety.

Materials and methods: The study comprises 27 seafarer interviews and 21 stakeholder interviews covering 4 maritime education and training institutions, 11 crewing agencies, 4 medical facilities and 2 maritime authorities. An online questionnaire survey of seafarers who were affected by the conflict in Ukraine and had sailed in the conflict zone in the period 24 February 2022 to 30 September 2023 yielded 319 valid responses.

Results: The study suggests that seafarers in the conflict zone are exposed to constant imminent threats to personal safety, constant stress and anxiety, prolonged lack of sleep, limited opportunities of contact with families, and high risk to mental health among other things further exacerbated by a lack of mental health support from company, and anxiety resulting from loss of access to shore-based training facilities and uncertainty in updating competency certificates.

Conclusions: The study presents rare insights on the psychological and emotional toll on seafarers who continue to serve the critical needs of the maritime transportation industry in a newly ordained role as keyworkers. This study underscores the need for improved mental health support and counselling services within the maritime industry, in particular, maritime stakeholders likely affected by geopolitical conflicts.

Highlights: From the practical perspective, this is among the first studies to focus on the mental health and well-being of seafarers arising out of the situation in Ukraine since 24 February 2022. From the theoretical perspective, this is a maiden study attempting an exploration of social conditions in three different dimensions by integrating three distinct theoretical constructs namely, UN Human Security Framework, Holmes & Rahe Social Readjustment Rating Scale and ILO Maritime Labour Convention framework.

背景:海上运输是世界经济的命脉。然而,海员们暴露在与世隔绝、封闭和特别极端的环境中。地缘政治冲突下的海上作业对海员的心理健康、福祉和安全产生了深远影响:研究包括 27 个海员访谈和 21 个利益相关者访谈,涉及 4 个海事教育和培训机构、11 个船员机构、4 个医疗机构和 2 个海事当局。对受乌克兰冲突影响并在 2022 年 2 月 24 日至 2023 年 9 月 30 日期间在冲突地区航行的海员进行了在线问卷调查,共收到 319 份有效答复:研究结果表明,冲突地区的海员面临着迫在眉睫的人身安全威胁、持续的压力和焦虑、长期睡眠不足、与家人联系的机会有限、心理健康风险高,以及公司缺乏心理健康支持、无法获得岸上培训设施和能力证书更新不确定性导致的焦虑等问题:这项研究就海员的心理和情感损失提出了罕见的见解,这些海员作为新任命的关键工人,继续为海运业的关键需求服务。这项研究强调,海运业,尤其是可能受到地缘政治冲突影响的海运利益相关者,需要改善心理健康支持和咨询服务:从实践的角度来看,这是第一批关注自 2022 年 2 月 24 日以来乌克兰局势所引发的海员心理健康和福祉的研究之一。从理论角度看,这是一项首次尝试从三个不同维度探讨社会状况的研究,整合了三个不同的理论构架,即联合国人类安全框架、霍姆斯和拉赫社会适应性分级量表以及国际劳工组织海事劳工公约框架。
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引用次数: 0
The prevalence of seasickness in a population of French civilian sailors. 晕船在法国平民水手中的流行情况。
IF 1.6 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.5603/imh.99481
Maroussia Jan Le Cloirec, David Lucas, Brice Loddé, Richard Pougnet, Alexis Maffert, Dominique Jégaden

Background: Motion sickness, is the onset of a series of clinical signs when travelling in a means of locomotion. Boats are the most common source of kinetosis, causing seasickness. Although this condition is often benign, it can severely affect the quality of life of seafarers, as well as the quality of their work. The aim of this study is to focus on the point prevalence and characteristics of seasickness in a population of French civilian seafarers from all shipping sectors.

Materials and methods: During two months in 2023, we conducted a cross-sectional study based on a questionnaire containing 28 questions.

Results: One hundred nine men and 10 women completed the questionnaire. Of these, 34% said they were seasick. The main symptoms described by the sailors were nausea and cold sweats in 87.5% and 50% of cases, respectively. The prevalence of naupathy appears to be higher in women (60% compared with 31% in men). Women also seem to be less accustomed to the marine environment than men, with 71% of men and only 33% of women indicating that they get accustomed to life at sea. However, the symptoms of seasickness seem to disappear more slowly in men than in women. In terms of treatment, men (38%) were more likely to take medication than women (17%).

Conclusions: Our study shows a greater susceptibility to seasickness among women. This interpretation should be treated with caution given the small number of women who took part in the study. The relatively low point prevalence of seasickness (34%) could be due to under-reporting. Although ways of thinking are changing, seasickness is still a taboo subject for many sailors. Yet seasickness has major professional and personal repercussions. So it's important to raise the subject and discuss strategies for improving well-being at work.

背景介绍晕船是指在乘坐交通工具时出现的一系列临床症状。船是引起晕船的最常见的动病源。虽然这种病症通常是良性的,但它会严重影响海员的生活质量和工作质量。本研究的目的是重点研究晕船症在法国各航运部门平民海员群体中的发病率和特征:在 2023 年的两个月中,我们根据一份包含 28 个问题的调查问卷进行了横断面研究:结果:共有 19 名男性和 10 名女性填写了问卷。其中 34% 的人说他们晕船。水手们描述的主要症状是恶心和出冷汗,分别占 87.5%和 50%。女性晕船率似乎更高(60%,而男性为 31%)。女性对海洋环境的适应程度似乎也不如男性,71% 的男性和只有 33% 的女性表示她们已经习惯了海上生活。不过,男性晕船症状的消失似乎比女性慢。在治疗方面,男性(38%)比女性(17%)更倾向于服用药物:我们的研究表明,女性更容易晕船。结论:我们的研究表明,女性更容易晕船,但鉴于参与研究的女性人数较少,这一解释应谨慎对待。晕船率相对较低(34%)可能是由于报告不足造成的。虽然思维方式正在发生变化,但晕船对许多水手来说仍然是一个禁忌话题。然而,晕船对职业和个人都有重大影响。因此,提出这个话题并讨论改善工作健康的策略非常重要。
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引用次数: 0
MAGAZINE. 杂志。
IF 1.6 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.5603/imh.102869
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引用次数: 0
MAGAZINE. 杂志。
IF 2.2 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.5603/imh.100039
{"title":"MAGAZINE.","authors":"","doi":"10.5603/imh.100039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/imh.100039","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45964,"journal":{"name":"International Maritime Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140869419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Invitation to do remission of pre-diabetes to normoglycemia. 邀请您将糖尿病前期缓解为正常血糖。
IF 1.6 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.5603/imh.100619
Olaf Chresten Jensen

By integrating health coaching into maritime medical clinics, we can provide tailored support to individuals at risk of developing diabetes and empower them to take control of their health.

通过将健康指导纳入海事医疗诊所,我们可以为有患糖尿病风险的个人提供量身定制的支持,使他们有能力控制自己的健康。
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引用次数: 0
Characteristics of Polish travellers admitted at the University Centre of Maritime and Tropical Medicine in Poland, 2023. 2023 年波兰海洋与热带医学大学中心收治的波兰旅行者的特征。
IF 2.2 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.5603/imh.99413
Krzysztof Korzeniewski

Background: After COVID-19 restrictions were lifted, people started to travel again. Each year, thousands of Poles travel internationally, and many travel to tropical or subtropical destinations in Asia, Africa or South America. The aim of this article was to describe the characteristics of Polish travellers based on the information from a retrospective 12-month review of the medical records of Polish patients seeking pre-travel advice at the largest diagnostic and treatment travel medicine centre in Poland in 2023.

Material and methods: The retrospective study was based on the analysis of medical records of 2,147 patients seeking pre-travel advice at the University Centre of Maritime and Tropical Medicine in Gdynia, Poland, between January and December 2023. The study focused on the analysis of the following patients' variables: age, sex, travel details (purpose of travel, length of travel, departure month, continents and countries to be visited). It also aimed to evaluate the range of prevention measures which were either recommended or administered to patients seeking pre-travel advice at the clinic (preventive vaccinations, chemoprophylaxis). In addition, it assessed the health status of the patients presenting at the travel medicine clinic; retrospective health assessments were based on the information from the interviews with the patients.

Results: Patients who sought pre-travel advice were mostly aged 36-65 years (49.5%), they were travelling for tourism purposes (78.3%), for a maximum period of 4 weeks (79.0%), mostly in November (15.2%) or in January (14.9%). Most travellers planned to visit Asia (55.5%) or Africa (29.0%); mainly Thailand (21.5%), Vietnam (8.5%), Kenya (8.3%) or India (8.2%). The most frequently administered immunoprophylaxis included vaccinations against typhoid fever and hepatitis A. Other commonly recommended/prescribed prevention measures included: insect repellents (69.3%), sunscreen (58.3%), antimalarials (35.8%), antithrombotic drugs (32.6%), and antidiarrheal drugs (25.6%). The analysis of patient interviews demonstrated that 61.8% of the travellers consulted at the clinic had no pre-existing medical conditions, while 38.2% required the use of chronic medications, mainly for allergies (14.3%), thyroid disorders (13.6%), cardiovascular diseases (9.3%), or psychiatric disorders (5.5%).

Conclusions: A large number of Polish travellers visit destinations where the risk of infectious and non-infectious diseases is high. Providing patients with professional advice during a pre-travel consultation will help protect against travel-associated health problems.

背景:COVID-19 解除限制后,人们又开始了旅行。每年都有成千上万的波兰人进行国际旅行,其中许多人前往亚洲、非洲或南美洲的热带或亚热带目的地。本文旨在根据 2023 年波兰最大的旅行医学诊断和治疗中心对寻求旅行前建议的波兰患者的医疗记录进行的为期 12 个月的回顾性研究信息,描述波兰旅行者的特征:该回顾性研究基于对 2023 年 1 月至 12 月期间在波兰格丁尼亚海洋与热带医学大学中心寻求旅行前建议的 2,147 名患者的病历分析。研究重点分析了患者的以下变量:年龄、性别、旅行详情(旅行目的、旅行时间、出发月份、访问的大洲和国家)。研究还旨在评估诊所向寻求旅行前建议的患者推荐或实施的预防措施的范围(预防接种、化学预防)。此外,该研究还评估了旅行医学诊所就诊患者的健康状况;回顾性健康评估是基于对患者的访谈信息进行的:寻求旅行前建议的患者年龄大多在 36-65 岁之间(49.5%),他们的旅行目的是旅游(78.3%),旅行时间最长为 4 周(79.0%),大多在 11 月(15.2%)或 1 月(14.9%)。大多数旅行者计划前往亚洲(55.5%)或非洲(29.0%);主要是泰国(21.5%)、越南(8.5%)、肯尼亚(8.3%)或印度(8.2%)。最常见的免疫预防措施包括接种伤寒疫苗和甲型肝炎疫苗。其他常见的建议/处方预防措施包括:驱虫剂(69.3%)、防晒霜(58.3%)、抗疟药(35.8%)、抗血栓药物(32.6%)和止泻药(25.6%)。对患者访谈的分析表明,61.8%在诊所就诊的旅行者在就诊前没有任何疾病,38.2%需要长期服药,主要是过敏(14.3%)、甲状腺疾病(13.6%)、心血管疾病(9.3%)或精神疾病(5.5%):大量波兰旅行者前往传染病和非传染病风险较高的目的地。在旅行前咨询中为患者提供专业建议将有助于预防与旅行相关的健康问题。
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引用次数: 0
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International Maritime Health
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