Journal of Social Work in End-of-Life & Palliative Care最新文献

The advance care planning process (ACP) enables individuals to document medical preferences if they become unable to communicate. Despite benefits such as reduced stress for loved ones and improved end-of-life care, young adults typically remain under involved in the ACP process. This study examined predictors of ACP behaviors among U.S. adults aged 18-35 (N = 614) using the Integrated Behavioral Model (IBM) and the Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM). ACP engagement was defined as completing a living will, designating a durable power of attorney for health care (DPAHC), and discussing wishes with a loved one. Most participants (68.6%) had not fully engaged in ACP. Regression analyses revealed that direct perceived norms, attitudes, and life experience with serious illness were significant predictors of intention to engage in ACP. Younger respondents (18-25) reported stronger IBM construct scores despite lower engagement overall. Participants in PAPM stage 5 (intending to act) scored higher on attitudes, norms, self-efficacy, and intention than those in earlier stages. Personal or family experiences with life-threatening illness emerged as key motivators. Findings suggest theory-informed, stage-based interventions may enhance ACP engagement among young adults by addressing social norms, strengthening self-efficacy, and increasing knowledge through developmentally appropriate strategies.

Depression is a common but not universal experience among individuals receiving hospice and palliative care. Though much research exists on depression in this population, there is little consensus on the actual prevalence rate, with estimates varying drastically. This is due, in part, to non-standardized definitions of what constitutes depression, variance based on assessment methods and tools, and the presence of somatic symptoms that may be due to physical illness and not depression, thus distorting the prevalence rate in this population. Depression can cause significant negative consequences for individuals and those who care for them, robbing them of precious time, increasing suffering, and decreasing overall quality of life. This narrative review seeks to understand depression's prevalence among people living with severe and life limiting illness based on the existing literature.

Cancer presents a major public health concern, worldwide withmetastatic cancer being particularly alarming due to its association to cancer-related mortality. The burden of cancer is increasing in LMICs like India, particularly in Kerala, the southernmost state renowned for its remarkable healthcare achievements and high health index rankings. Despite Kerala's reputation for healthcare, it records the highest crude cancer incidence rate in the country, placing increasing pressure on its healthcare services. Family caregivers play a vital role in supporting patients during this period of distress; however, their psychosocial needs are often overlooked. This study adopts a descriptive qualitative approach to explore the experiences of family caregivers of patients newly diagnosed with metastatic cancer. Eight family caregivers were recruited from a cancer care center in Kerala that supports both patients and caregivers. In-depth interviews were conducted by trained social work students under the supervision of the research team. The analysis generated five major themes describing caregivers' journey: the initial diagnosis; factors shaping their caregiving role; their evolving responsibilities; challenges encountered, and available support systems. The study findings underscore the need for evidence-based practices and policies that address the holistic needs enhancing health outcomes for both caregivers and patients.