{"title":"Anti-drone Sensors, Effectors, and Systems – A Concise Overview","authors":"Dariusz Zmyslowski, P. Skokowski, Jan M. Kelner","doi":"10.12716/1001.17.02.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.17.02.23","url":null,"abstract":"of incidents","PeriodicalId":46009,"journal":{"name":"TransNav-International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87039864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: The collision regulations include several qualitative terms without providing guidance as to how these terms could be understood in quantitative terms. These terms must therefore be interpreted by navigators, which poses a problem for autonomous ships. Extend the knowledge of how navigators interpret the collision regulations, with a specific focus on how they interpret the rule covering the requirement to proceed at a safe speed. Qualitative study based on interviews of a convenience sample of eight Norwegian navigators. Data was analysed with systematic text condensation. Navigators characterise safe speed as a speed in which they have control. Navigators do not look at different factors mentioned in the collision regulations in isolation, but within the context of the situation. Determining the safe speed of a vessel is more complicated than made out in the literature. As autonomous ships will have to cooperate with conventional vessels, their programming must include the knowledge of how the collision regulations are interpreted by human navigators
{"title":"Safe Vessel Operations – The Tacit Knowledge of Navigators","authors":"Leif Ole Dreyer","doi":"10.12716/1001.17.03.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.17.03.09","url":null,"abstract":": The collision regulations include several qualitative terms without providing guidance as to how these terms could be understood in quantitative terms. These terms must therefore be interpreted by navigators, which poses a problem for autonomous ships. Extend the knowledge of how navigators interpret the collision regulations, with a specific focus on how they interpret the rule covering the requirement to proceed at a safe speed. Qualitative study based on interviews of a convenience sample of eight Norwegian navigators. Data was analysed with systematic text condensation. Navigators characterise safe speed as a speed in which they have control. Navigators do not look at different factors mentioned in the collision regulations in isolation, but within the context of the situation. Determining the safe speed of a vessel is more complicated than made out in the literature. As autonomous ships will have to cooperate with conventional vessels, their programming must include the knowledge of how the collision regulations are interpreted by human navigators","PeriodicalId":46009,"journal":{"name":"TransNav-International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89493081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: The theoretical and practical acquisition of skills to carry out the necessary steps consciously and safely in an emergency is essential for training specialized personnel. Due to the lack of trained experts on site, such as firefighters or emergency doctors, learning the skills is a high priority in the maritime sector. Not least through adjustments in the certification of qualifications, through the refreshing of knowledge in
{"title":"Development of Maritime VR Training Applications and Their Use in Simulation Networks: Fast Rescue Boat Training in EMSN Connect","authors":"Arbresh Ujkani, Ashwarya Kumar, Robert Grundmann","doi":"10.12716/1001.17.02.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.17.02.08","url":null,"abstract":": The theoretical and practical acquisition of skills to carry out the necessary steps consciously and safely in an emergency is essential for training specialized personnel. Due to the lack of trained experts on site, such as firefighters or emergency doctors, learning the skills is a high priority in the maritime sector. Not least through adjustments in the certification of qualifications, through the refreshing of knowledge in","PeriodicalId":46009,"journal":{"name":"TransNav-International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81140568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: The effectiveness of International Safety Management (ISM) Code has been evaluated in many aspects. However, limited research has been att empted to evaluate the auditing mechanism, its quality
{"title":"Development Of Model for Measuring Audit Quality in Maritime Safety Management","authors":"Deepak Raj Sharma","doi":"10.12716/1001.17.04.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.17.04.03","url":null,"abstract":": The effectiveness of International Safety Management (ISM) Code has been evaluated in many aspects. However, limited research has been att empted to evaluate the auditing mechanism, its quality","PeriodicalId":46009,"journal":{"name":"TransNav-International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134982477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marianne Hagaseth, Ørnulf Jan Rødseth, Terje Krogstad, Magnus Bakke
: Digitization in international shipping is an increasingly important topic, but for many years, the lack of accepted international standards and the usage of many different regional solutions, especially for communication between ships and ports, has made the introduction of digitalized solutions difficul t. Since 2020, important work has been done in IMO to harmonize international standards supporting ship-port interactions, and this work has now been supported by both shipping, ports, and international standardizations organizations. IMO, through its facilitation committee (FAL) and EGDH (Expert Group on Data Harmonization) is developing the IMO Reference Data Model that covers mandatory reporting requirements related to port calls. This conceptual data model is mapped to three technical data models in three different domains, namely, UNECE (trade), WCO (customs) and ISO 28005 (maritime) to ensure the interoperability between the different I CT systems participating in the data exchange. The IMO Reference Data Model has also been extended with operational da ta to handle Just-In-Time arrival and departure and also nautical information to ensure that the specification of the locations in ports (berths, pilot boarding places, bollards etc) are the same for different usages. Several international organizations as BIMCO (the largest ship owners' organization) and international port organisations as IAPH, IPCSA and IHMA are strongly involved in this work. This paper summarizes work done by IMO and others to clarify the roles, functionalities and ICT -systems (Information and Communications Technology) that
{"title":"A New Architectural Framework for Digitalization of Maritime Intelligent Transport Systems","authors":"Marianne Hagaseth, Ørnulf Jan Rødseth, Terje Krogstad, Magnus Bakke","doi":"10.12716/1001.17.04.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.17.04.02","url":null,"abstract":": Digitization in international shipping is an increasingly important topic, but for many years, the lack of accepted international standards and the usage of many different regional solutions, especially for communication between ships and ports, has made the introduction of digitalized solutions difficul t. Since 2020, important work has been done in IMO to harmonize international standards supporting ship-port interactions, and this work has now been supported by both shipping, ports, and international standardizations organizations. IMO, through its facilitation committee (FAL) and EGDH (Expert Group on Data Harmonization) is developing the IMO Reference Data Model that covers mandatory reporting requirements related to port calls. This conceptual data model is mapped to three technical data models in three different domains, namely, UNECE (trade), WCO (customs) and ISO 28005 (maritime) to ensure the interoperability between the different I CT systems participating in the data exchange. The IMO Reference Data Model has also been extended with operational da ta to handle Just-In-Time arrival and departure and also nautical information to ensure that the specification of the locations in ports (berths, pilot boarding places, bollards etc) are the same for different usages. Several international organizations as BIMCO (the largest ship owners' organization) and international port organisations as IAPH, IPCSA and IHMA are strongly involved in this work. This paper summarizes work done by IMO and others to clarify the roles, functionalities and ICT -systems (Information and Communications Technology) that","PeriodicalId":46009,"journal":{"name":"TransNav-International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134982646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization of Daily Operations in the Marine Industry Using Ant Colony Optimization (ACO)-An Artificial Intelligence (AI) Approach","authors":"A. Sardar, M. Anantharaman, V. Garaniya, F. Khan","doi":"10.12716/1001.17.02.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.17.02.04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46009,"journal":{"name":"TransNav-International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79477823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Interviews are a widely used method in maritime research using qualitative methodologies. Expert interviews are conducted with people who have special knowledge because of their professional position. The status of the interviewer when using expert interviews brings forth certain distinct nuances due to the specific nature of the interview methodology and epistemological considerations. A renowned and senior maritime specialist or a veteran maritime professional researching the nuances of their own field encounter methodological challenges while interviewing other experts during data collection. The paper aims to examine the impact on qualitative data collected in interviews when the interviewers themselves are experts in the field of research. The concepts from the social science research from various disciplines have been examined and discussed highlighting the methodological challenges.
{"title":"Expert as Interviewer – Methodological Challenges in Use of Qualitative Interviews in Maritime Research","authors":"D. Sharma","doi":"10.12716/1001.17.03.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.17.03.15","url":null,"abstract":": Interviews are a widely used method in maritime research using qualitative methodologies. Expert interviews are conducted with people who have special knowledge because of their professional position. The status of the interviewer when using expert interviews brings forth certain distinct nuances due to the specific nature of the interview methodology and epistemological considerations. A renowned and senior maritime specialist or a veteran maritime professional researching the nuances of their own field encounter methodological challenges while interviewing other experts during data collection. The paper aims to examine the impact on qualitative data collected in interviews when the interviewers themselves are experts in the field of research. The concepts from the social science research from various disciplines have been examined and discussed highlighting the methodological challenges.","PeriodicalId":46009,"journal":{"name":"TransNav-International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85749385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
occur during the vessel ʹ s arrival/departure or stay at berth.
发生在船舶抵港/离港或停泊期间。
{"title":"Mooring Area and Mooring Buoys Plan","authors":"Zvonimir LuŁic, Danijel PuŁic","doi":"10.12716/1001.17.01.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.17.01.15","url":null,"abstract":"occur during the vessel ʹ s arrival/departure or stay at berth.","PeriodicalId":46009,"journal":{"name":"TransNav-International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85858605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: The ship ʹ s master has a number of duties in relation to the ship, the cargo and the shipowner ʹ s liability. His duties in the event of a marine accident are particularly important since all marine accidents occur as a type of insured loss. In addition to a number of general duties, some of the master ʹ s special duties are informing the classification society about the accident, damage report, cooperation with the insurer ʹ s expert and informing the P&I club about the accident. The content of the master ʹ s duties is the subject of analysis of this paper. Therefore, the goal of the paper is to analyse the content of the master ʹ s duties in the event of an accident that could result in damage, i.e. the occurrence of the insured event. The purpose of this analysis is to point out the important role of the master in the subject of maritime insurance.
{"title":"Duties of the Ship’s Master in the Event of a Maritime Accident as a Type of Insured Loss","authors":"Marija Pijaca, B. Bulum, Željka Primorac","doi":"10.12716/1001.17.02.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.17.02.06","url":null,"abstract":": The ship ʹ s master has a number of duties in relation to the ship, the cargo and the shipowner ʹ s liability. His duties in the event of a marine accident are particularly important since all marine accidents occur as a type of insured loss. In addition to a number of general duties, some of the master ʹ s special duties are informing the classification society about the accident, damage report, cooperation with the insurer ʹ s expert and informing the P&I club about the accident. The content of the master ʹ s duties is the subject of analysis of this paper. Therefore, the goal of the paper is to analyse the content of the master ʹ s duties in the event of an accident that could result in damage, i.e. the occurrence of the insured event. The purpose of this analysis is to point out the important role of the master in the subject of maritime insurance.","PeriodicalId":46009,"journal":{"name":"TransNav-International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation","volume":"127 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82253104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dariusz Zmysłowski, P. Skokowski, Krzysztof Malon, K. Maslanka, Jan M. Kelner
: Fifth ‐ generation (5G) technology is currently developing in mobile networks. The civilian 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standard is the basis for this implementation. Higher throughput, network capacity, user density, and lower latency are the main advantages offered by 5G over Long Term Evolution (LTE) and older standards. For this reason, these advantages are increasingly recognized in critical mission and military solutions. However, the 5G technology utilization in military equipment requires a deep analysis of the 3GPP standard, especially regarding technological gaps, security, and use cases. This is particularly important in using communication equipment during armed conflicts. Such equipment must be characterized by greater security and reliability than civilian equipment. Currently, work and analyses in this area are realized by the European Defence Agency (EDA), North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Communications and Information Agency (NCIA), Allied Command Transformation (ACT), and NATO Science and Technology Organization (STO). In the Information Systems Technology (IST) Panel of the NATO STO, the research task group (RTG) ʺ IST ‐ 187 ‐ RTG on 5G Technologies Application to NATO Operations ʺ is working on this topic. This paper presents exemplary 5G use cases in the navy. We indicate potential advantages, problems, and technological gaps that should be solved before implementing 5G technology in naval systems.
{"title":"Naval Use Cases of 5G Technology","authors":"Dariusz Zmysłowski, P. Skokowski, Krzysztof Malon, K. Maslanka, Jan M. Kelner","doi":"10.12716/1001.17.03.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.17.03.11","url":null,"abstract":": Fifth ‐ generation (5G) technology is currently developing in mobile networks. The civilian 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standard is the basis for this implementation. Higher throughput, network capacity, user density, and lower latency are the main advantages offered by 5G over Long Term Evolution (LTE) and older standards. For this reason, these advantages are increasingly recognized in critical mission and military solutions. However, the 5G technology utilization in military equipment requires a deep analysis of the 3GPP standard, especially regarding technological gaps, security, and use cases. This is particularly important in using communication equipment during armed conflicts. Such equipment must be characterized by greater security and reliability than civilian equipment. Currently, work and analyses in this area are realized by the European Defence Agency (EDA), North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Communications and Information Agency (NCIA), Allied Command Transformation (ACT), and NATO Science and Technology Organization (STO). In the Information Systems Technology (IST) Panel of the NATO STO, the research task group (RTG) ʺ IST ‐ 187 ‐ RTG on 5G Technologies Application to NATO Operations ʺ is working on this topic. This paper presents exemplary 5G use cases in the navy. We indicate potential advantages, problems, and technological gaps that should be solved before implementing 5G technology in naval systems.","PeriodicalId":46009,"journal":{"name":"TransNav-International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73725997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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