Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/14702541.2022.2137734
P. Harrison
ABSTRACT The paper offers a reading of the work of the artist Rachel Whiteread. The reception of Whiteread's work has focused on its site-specific, symbolic and memorial nature, the work understood as a series of mediations of and metonymies for hidden social and personal contexts and histories. The paper claims that such accounts overlook what may be a more radical and disquieting aspect of Whiteread’s work; that Whiteread’s sculptures may be understood as not primarily concerned with memory work, but rather with the limitations and failures thereof. Through this other reading, the paper reflects on the nature of the social relation, on the relation of one to the other, and the possibilities for thinking this relation as irreducible to any specific property, attribute, substance, or predicate. Following Whiteread, the paper sets out the ways in which we may understand and know this irreducibility, arguing that, in presenting us with the limits of memory work, Whiteread’s sculptures engage us another mode of signification. Specifically, a mode of de-signification. Hence, the paper proposes a ‘theory of de-signification’; de-signification describing a naming by not naming and the way in which the irreducibility of the social relation and the other make themselves known as other.
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Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/14702541.2022.2151041
D. Feliciano
ABSTRACT The production of fruits and vegetables is expected to increase in the United Kingdom (UK) as a response to increasing consumers’ demand, coupled with impacts of Brexit on the imports from the European Union (EU). Retailers and consumers are more aware of the environmental impact and provenance of food and are demanding to their suppliers to implement sustainable agricultural practices. Seven horticultural farmers and farm managers across the UK were interviewed to investigate the implementation of sustainable practices, and the motivations and enablers for adoption, as well as perceptions on sustainability and climate change. Factors influencing adoption mainly were efficiency and cost reduction, regulations, and market demand, even though, environmental, and social consciousness also played a role in adoption. There was little evidence that participation in knowledge networks or the perception of climate change and impacts, and of carbon footprint assessments influenced the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices, but this finding deserves further investigation. Farmers’ awareness of the importance of soil was clear and governments should encourage farmers’ involvement in the monitoring of soil health, as a mean of engaging them in the wider discussion about the implementation of sustainable land management, including climate change adaptation and mitigation.
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Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/14702541.2022.2152859
C. Philo
This year my own home department, the School of Geographical and Earth Sciences (GES) at the University of Glasgow, has lost two much-valued colleagues: Emeritus Professor Paul Bishop (1949-2022), leading physical geographer, earth scientist and scholar of long-term human-environment relations, and Professor Roderick Brown (1962-2022), an earth scientist who worked occasionally with geographers. To lose two such mainstays of the one department in such a short space of time is extremely tough for colleagues, and added poignancy here arises because of how much the research and teaching of Paul and Rod had intersected over many years. Indeed, Rod was going to be a speaker at a GES event commemorating Paul that we held in September 2022: in practice, the resonances of Rod’s loss quietly sounded throughout this event, chiming into our reflections on and for Paul. The plan is to publish a selection of pieces in an issue next year (2023) commemorating Paul’s academic life and work, while an obituary for Rod is included in the current issue. Alongside that for Rod, this issue also contains an obituary for Professor Akin Mabogunje (1931-2022), an eminent Nigerian geographer regarded as one of the most prominent representatives of academic geography from and about Africa. Rod’s Scottish connection is obvious, Mabogunje’s less so, but in fact Mabogunje was a recipient in 1984 of the Centenary Medal (now the Coppock Medal) of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society (RSGS), the only African ever to receive this honour. It is interesting to consider the status and history of obituaries as these have appeared over the nearly 140 years of the journal’s existence, initially as the Scottish Geographical Magazine (SGM) and subsequently as the Scottish Geographical Journal (SGJ) (Philo et al., 2022). A basic search (as of late-November 2022) on ‘Obituary’ using the journal website’s search function generates 396 results. One is a thought-provoking ‘obituary’ for the ‘death of a subject’, meaning the teaching programme (and recognisably distinct department) of Geography at the University of Strathclyde (Chan, 2011), while others are historiographic papers drawing upon obituaries as sources for reconstructing the past lives and contributions of geographers or explorers (e.g. Maddrell, 1997; Murray, 2013; Philip & Edwards, 2019). The majority of results do identify obituaries for named individuals, however, some being wellknown figures from Geography’s disciplinary history in Scotland: e.g. J. Scott Keltie (18501927: Chisholm, 1927); George G. Chisholm (1855-1930; R.N.R.B., 1928); J.W. Gregory (1864-1932: Anon, 1932); Marion Isabel Newbigin (1869-1934: Anon, 1934); James Wreford Watson (1915-1990: Crosbie, 1991); Joy Tivy (1924-1995: Caird, 1996); and John Terrence (Terry) Coppock (1921-2000: Rhind, 2000). Other names are of prominent geographers from outwith Scotland, although in such instances the obituary-writer often references Scottish connections, personal, profe
{"title":"Obituaries in the Scottish Geographical Journal","authors":"C. Philo","doi":"10.1080/14702541.2022.2152859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14702541.2022.2152859","url":null,"abstract":"This year my own home department, the School of Geographical and Earth Sciences (GES) at the University of Glasgow, has lost two much-valued colleagues: Emeritus Professor Paul Bishop (1949-2022), leading physical geographer, earth scientist and scholar of long-term human-environment relations, and Professor Roderick Brown (1962-2022), an earth scientist who worked occasionally with geographers. To lose two such mainstays of the one department in such a short space of time is extremely tough for colleagues, and added poignancy here arises because of how much the research and teaching of Paul and Rod had intersected over many years. Indeed, Rod was going to be a speaker at a GES event commemorating Paul that we held in September 2022: in practice, the resonances of Rod’s loss quietly sounded throughout this event, chiming into our reflections on and for Paul. The plan is to publish a selection of pieces in an issue next year (2023) commemorating Paul’s academic life and work, while an obituary for Rod is included in the current issue. Alongside that for Rod, this issue also contains an obituary for Professor Akin Mabogunje (1931-2022), an eminent Nigerian geographer regarded as one of the most prominent representatives of academic geography from and about Africa. Rod’s Scottish connection is obvious, Mabogunje’s less so, but in fact Mabogunje was a recipient in 1984 of the Centenary Medal (now the Coppock Medal) of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society (RSGS), the only African ever to receive this honour. It is interesting to consider the status and history of obituaries as these have appeared over the nearly 140 years of the journal’s existence, initially as the Scottish Geographical Magazine (SGM) and subsequently as the Scottish Geographical Journal (SGJ) (Philo et al., 2022). A basic search (as of late-November 2022) on ‘Obituary’ using the journal website’s search function generates 396 results. One is a thought-provoking ‘obituary’ for the ‘death of a subject’, meaning the teaching programme (and recognisably distinct department) of Geography at the University of Strathclyde (Chan, 2011), while others are historiographic papers drawing upon obituaries as sources for reconstructing the past lives and contributions of geographers or explorers (e.g. Maddrell, 1997; Murray, 2013; Philip & Edwards, 2019). The majority of results do identify obituaries for named individuals, however, some being wellknown figures from Geography’s disciplinary history in Scotland: e.g. J. Scott Keltie (18501927: Chisholm, 1927); George G. Chisholm (1855-1930; R.N.R.B., 1928); J.W. Gregory (1864-1932: Anon, 1932); Marion Isabel Newbigin (1869-1934: Anon, 1934); James Wreford Watson (1915-1990: Crosbie, 1991); Joy Tivy (1924-1995: Caird, 1996); and John Terrence (Terry) Coppock (1921-2000: Rhind, 2000). Other names are of prominent geographers from outwith Scotland, although in such instances the obituary-writer often references Scottish connections, personal, profe","PeriodicalId":46022,"journal":{"name":"Scottish Geographical Journal","volume":"138 1","pages":"205 - 208"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48689275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/14702541.2022.2146174
I. Selmes, Alastair McConnell, J. Bruce
ABSTRACT In Scotland there is on-going concern about the status of geography in education. The numbers of pupils studying geography has been falling, as has the number of universities offering the subject. All when the relevance and importance of geography should be high, given the significance of issues such as climate and biodiversity change. Who studies geography is crucial knowledge for a vibrant discipline seeking to engage with relevant actors to grow the subject and perceptions of its value. This paper combines quantitative data for academic years ending 2016–2021 from the Scottish Pupil Census with Scottish Qualification Authority geography entry and attainment statistics for secondary school pupils, plus Higher Education Statistics Agency figures for undergraduate and postgraduate geographers in Scottish universities. It shows that the tide may now be turning for geography study in Scotland, entries are rising at all stages as its attainment. There remain huge differences between local authorities. Female students tend to predominate, as do learners in the lowest deprivation quintiles. The empirical knowledge of characteristics of who is studying geography at each national stage of education in Scotland is enlightening. The question for all professional geographers is how we might together improve on the current situation.
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Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/14702541.2022.2146738
J. Briggs
Professor Akin Mabogunje, often referred to as the Father of African Geography, passed away in August 2022 at the age of 90 years. Professor Mabogunje was the recipient of the RSGS’s Centenary Medal (now the Coppock Medal). in 1984, the first and, to date, only African to receive it. He was also the first African President of the International Geographical Union and served in this position from 1980 to 1984, as well as being the first African to be elected as Foreign Associate of the United States National Academy of Sciences in 1999. ProfessorMabogunje was one of themost distinguishedAfrican scholars of his generation, his work focusing onurban geography and regional planning, and hewas central to the development of Geography as a university subject not only in Nigeria but across the continent of Africa. Such was his intellect and talent that he was the first Nigerian to be made a professor when he was appointed to theChair ofGeography at theUniversity of Ibadan in1965at the ageof only 34years. Professor Mabogunje published many papers and books during his long career, with perhaps the most notable being the single-authored monograph Urbanization in Nigeria, published in 1968, and then another such monograph The Development Process: a Spatial Perspective, published in 1980. In his work, Mabogunje challenged the relevance of western explanations of urban development in relation to the urbanisation process in Africa. He argued that the growth and development of African urban areas were subject to three limiting conditions, as he called them, these being: the importance of surplus food production for consumption by the urban population; the existence of a small group of powerful people who provided the political leadership and stability to allow urban growth to take place; and an active class of traders and merchants to drive the economic growth of African urban areas. For Mabogunje, simply and uncritically transferring theories of urban growth developed in North America and Europe provided little meaningful explanation of urbanisation in an African setting. He was arguably the first geographer to ‘Africanise’ thinking and to break out of the colonial mindset and mode of thought. It is fitting that Professor Mabogunje should be remembered as one of the greats of African Geography, but also in the eyes of many, myself included, one of the greats of world Geography.
被称为“非洲地理之父”的Akin Mabogunje教授于2022年8月去世，享年90岁。Mabogunje教授是RSGS百年奖章(现为Coppock奖章)的获得者。1984年，他是第一个也是迄今为止唯一一个获得该奖项的非洲人。他也是国际地理联合会的第一位非洲主席，1980年至1984年担任该职位，并于1999年成为第一位当选为美国国家科学院外籍院士的非洲人。mabogunje教授是他那一代最杰出的非洲学者之一，他的工作重点是城市地理学和区域规划，他不仅在尼日利亚，而且在整个非洲大陆，都是将地理学作为一门大学学科发展的核心人物。1965年，年仅34岁的他被任命为伊巴丹大学(university of Ibadan)地理学主席，成为第一位被任命为教授的尼日利亚人。Mabogunje教授在其漫长的职业生涯中发表了许多论文和书籍，其中最著名的可能是1968年出版的单作者专著《尼日利亚的城市化》，以及1980年出版的另一本这样的专著《发展过程:空间视角》。在他的作品中，Mabogunje挑战了西方对城市发展的解释与非洲城市化进程的相关性。他认为，非洲城市地区的增长和发展受到三个限制条件的制约，他这样称呼它们，这些条件是:剩余粮食生产对城市人口消费的重要性;一小群有权势的人的存在，他们提供政治领导和稳定，使城市发展得以发生;以及活跃的贸易商和商人阶层，推动非洲城市地区的经济增长。对于Mabogunje来说，在北美和欧洲发展的简单而不加批判的城市增长理论对非洲环境下的城市化没有什么有意义的解释。他可以说是第一位具有“非洲化”思维的地理学家，也是第一位打破殖民思维和思维模式的地理学家。Mabogunje教授应该被人们铭记为非洲地理学的伟大人物之一，但在包括我在内的许多人眼中，他也是世界地理学的伟大人物之一。
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Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.1080/14702541.2022.2125562
C. Philo
ABSTRACT In the year of his 100th birthday, this contribution considers the unusual story of Scottish geographer James Macintosh Houston (1922-). Following his passage from undergraduate geographer at the University of Edinburgh to postdoctorate and then lecturer in geography at the University of Oxford, aspects of Houston’s approach to geography – increasingly a cultural-historical geography, sometimes framed by him as the ‘history of ideas’ – are reconstructed. Narrating his dramatic change of career circa 1970, from academic geographer at Oxford to academic and practising theologian at Regent College, Vancouver, continuities are uncovered between Houston’s geography and his theology. Particular attention is paid to his pioneering essay from 1978, the only one obviously directed back to geography from his new theological orbit, and one that should arguably be better-known as a profound statement of a humanistic geography critical of humanity becoming drawn into an abusive relationship with the world predicated on abstracted space rather than meaningful place(s). Drawing upon the example of Houston, reflections are offered on the relations between ‘geographical theology’ and ‘theological geography’.
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Pub Date : 2022-09-08DOI: 10.1080/14702541.2022.2120628
D. Nance
ABSTRACT Sacred kings of Late Iron Age northern Britain are thought to have symbolised fertility and considered responsible for the wellbeing of the lands and people; components of a system of governance maintained by conservative religious beliefs and champions of a local goddess of sovereignty, also associated with the cuckoo and the planet Venus. Their regicide was undertaken by their successors with a sacred spear at cult-sites at eight-year intervals when Venus set at its evening extreme at Samhain. Titled after the cuckoo, the symbol of male fertility across Europe, they mimicked the cuckoo’s polygynous behaviour. Others have suggested their exploits were based on myths about the cuckoo. They are recalled in Irish legends, Arthurian tales and the writings of contemporary authors, depicted on stones and confirmed in recent place-name and archaeoastronomy studies, but not previously recognised. This paper explores the evidence for, and significance of, British, Irish and continental European warrior-champions named after the cuckoo. The study strongly suggests a continuity of cosmological beliefs, celestial associations, myths and legends, religious symbolism, sacred kingship and governance of tribal societies from the Indo-European immigrants to Britain until the adoption of Christianity and its associated form of kingship by the Picts.
{"title":"Sacred kings of the Picts: the last cuckoos","authors":"D. Nance","doi":"10.1080/14702541.2022.2120628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14702541.2022.2120628","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Sacred kings of Late Iron Age northern Britain are thought to have symbolised fertility and considered responsible for the wellbeing of the lands and people; components of a system of governance maintained by conservative religious beliefs and champions of a local goddess of sovereignty, also associated with the cuckoo and the planet Venus. Their regicide was undertaken by their successors with a sacred spear at cult-sites at eight-year intervals when Venus set at its evening extreme at Samhain. Titled after the cuckoo, the symbol of male fertility across Europe, they mimicked the cuckoo’s polygynous behaviour. Others have suggested their exploits were based on myths about the cuckoo. They are recalled in Irish legends, Arthurian tales and the writings of contemporary authors, depicted on stones and confirmed in recent place-name and archaeoastronomy studies, but not previously recognised. This paper explores the evidence for, and significance of, British, Irish and continental European warrior-champions named after the cuckoo. The study strongly suggests a continuity of cosmological beliefs, celestial associations, myths and legends, religious symbolism, sacred kingship and governance of tribal societies from the Indo-European immigrants to Britain until the adoption of Christianity and its associated form of kingship by the Picts.","PeriodicalId":46022,"journal":{"name":"Scottish Geographical Journal","volume":"138 1","pages":"271 - 290"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44144492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.1080/14702541.2022.2112271
Hannah Rudman, Ben Hart, Maggie English, Craig Turner, Elisa Fuentes‐Montemayor, M. S. Reed
ABSTRACT Ecosystem services arising from the restoration of natural capital are now increasingly recognised as environmental opportunities and monetised, with international climate negotiations focussing on the need for investment into natural capital, and the finance sector pledging to invest. The finance sector has called for decision-grade, asset level data about nature projects in order to facilitate their reporting to investors. This paper offers a case study of novel digital data collection methods used to establish a baseline of faunal biodiversity in a Scottish nature-restoration project on the Bunloit estate which has secured private natural capital investment. Digital camera traps, acoustic sensors with eDNA samples and apps were used to create digital maps to ensure annual survey replication, and citizen scientist engagement. The results were classified by both professional ecologists and citizen scientists. We discuss how the digital data gathered through traps, apps and maps in the case study can be qualified as decision-grade data, according to the Taskforce for Nature-based Financial Disclosure’s specification. We conclude that decision-grade biodiversity data may be produced by practitioners, with limited resources, and make recommendations for data collection and governance methods to ensure nature restoration projects generate decision-grade data for ecosystem services markets.
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Pub Date : 2022-08-22DOI: 10.1080/14702541.2022.2110274
Daniel Clayton, T. Jazeel
ABSTRACT This interview with Tariq Jazeel, concerning his 2019 book Postcolonialism, was orchestrated by Dan Clayton in 2021 in his capacity (then) as co-editor of the SGJ. The interview is a frequently used medium in postcolonial studies, but one that is much underused in geography, which is maybe strange given critical human geography’s core commitment to appraising context and dialogue, and its attentiveness to agency, voice and exclusion, and promotion of new forms of cultural production and knowledge exchange. Dan drafted a set of questions for Tariq to respond to in writing, and this written dialogue was then used as a springboard for an hour-long recorded conversation over Microsoft Teams. These two forms and stages of interview generate a suite of reflections, ideas, and provocations about the postcolonial (and the decolonial and anti-colonial too). The work of unsettling the lingering effects of colonialism in the present – scratching the surface of the taken as given – and how it fosters critique, points to new forms of cultural production, and how the work of unsettling is braided around our own personal and political lives, emerged as a central postcolonial thread through the course of this conversation.
{"title":"‘Scratching the surface of the taken as given, as a process of unsettling’: an interview with Tariq Jazeel about his book Postcolonialism (2019)","authors":"Daniel Clayton, T. Jazeel","doi":"10.1080/14702541.2022.2110274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14702541.2022.2110274","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This interview with Tariq Jazeel, concerning his 2019 book Postcolonialism, was orchestrated by Dan Clayton in 2021 in his capacity (then) as co-editor of the SGJ. The interview is a frequently used medium in postcolonial studies, but one that is much underused in geography, which is maybe strange given critical human geography’s core commitment to appraising context and dialogue, and its attentiveness to agency, voice and exclusion, and promotion of new forms of cultural production and knowledge exchange. Dan drafted a set of questions for Tariq to respond to in writing, and this written dialogue was then used as a springboard for an hour-long recorded conversation over Microsoft Teams. These two forms and stages of interview generate a suite of reflections, ideas, and provocations about the postcolonial (and the decolonial and anti-colonial too). The work of unsettling the lingering effects of colonialism in the present – scratching the surface of the taken as given – and how it fosters critique, points to new forms of cultural production, and how the work of unsettling is braided around our own personal and political lives, emerged as a central postcolonial thread through the course of this conversation.","PeriodicalId":46022,"journal":{"name":"Scottish Geographical Journal","volume":"138 1","pages":"228 - 246"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48105468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/14702541.2022.2125565
F. Rennie
ABSTRACT The name of Patrick Geddes is well-known for his work on town planning, but he was a multi-talented individual who engaged at the forefront of the birth of a diversity of academic disciplines that we now frequently regard as disparate. This review essay explores a book documenting the pioneering activities of Geddes in ecology, sociology, cultural studies, and human geography, which he sought to link in a unifying theory of human ecology. Crucial to understanding the work of Geddes is the awareness that he constantly strove to bridge the gaps that he perceived between science and the arts, between practical skills and theoretical concepts, and between the need for sustainability in both cultural and environmental terms. In tracing the roots of the radical thinking that Geddes generated, the author has explored the substantial contributions made by a scholar who was ahead of his time and shows that there is still much to be gained by reconsidering his intellectual legacy.
{"title":"Patrick Geddes: an almost casual genius","authors":"F. Rennie","doi":"10.1080/14702541.2022.2125565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14702541.2022.2125565","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The name of Patrick Geddes is well-known for his work on town planning, but he was a multi-talented individual who engaged at the forefront of the birth of a diversity of academic disciplines that we now frequently regard as disparate. This review essay explores a book documenting the pioneering activities of Geddes in ecology, sociology, cultural studies, and human geography, which he sought to link in a unifying theory of human ecology. Crucial to understanding the work of Geddes is the awareness that he constantly strove to bridge the gaps that he perceived between science and the arts, between practical skills and theoretical concepts, and between the need for sustainability in both cultural and environmental terms. In tracing the roots of the radical thinking that Geddes generated, the author has explored the substantial contributions made by a scholar who was ahead of his time and shows that there is still much to be gained by reconsidering his intellectual legacy.","PeriodicalId":46022,"journal":{"name":"Scottish Geographical Journal","volume":"138 1","pages":"197 - 200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43123359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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