Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.1108/ajems-04-2022-0138
R. B. Coffie, Raymond Gyimah, K. Boateng, Alimatu Sardiya
PurposeThis study explores how employee engagement (EE) influences employee performance and how this relationship is moderated by job demands and job resources among micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in an emerging economy context during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopts the survey and quantitative approach to gathering data from 395 MSMEs operating in an emerging economy in sub-Saharan Africa. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares, version 3.0.FindingsThe results reveal that EE significantly influences employee performance among MSMEs during the pandemic. Also, job resources were found to be significant predictors of EE in the MSME sector. In contrast, job demands did not have a significant effect on EE during the pandemic. Finally, job resources but not job demand moderate the relationship between EE and employee performance.Originality/valueThis study is one of the earliest to explore the effects of EE on employee performance and how this relationship is moderated by job resources and job demands in sub-Saharan Africa's MSME sector since the influx of COVID-19.
{"title":"Employee engagement and performance of MSMEs during COVID-19: the moderating effect of job demands and job resources","authors":"R. B. Coffie, Raymond Gyimah, K. Boateng, Alimatu Sardiya","doi":"10.1108/ajems-04-2022-0138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ajems-04-2022-0138","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThis study explores how employee engagement (EE) influences employee performance and how this relationship is moderated by job demands and job resources among micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in an emerging economy context during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopts the survey and quantitative approach to gathering data from 395 MSMEs operating in an emerging economy in sub-Saharan Africa. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares, version 3.0.FindingsThe results reveal that EE significantly influences employee performance among MSMEs during the pandemic. Also, job resources were found to be significant predictors of EE in the MSME sector. In contrast, job demands did not have a significant effect on EE during the pandemic. Finally, job resources but not job demand moderate the relationship between EE and employee performance.Originality/valueThis study is one of the earliest to explore the effects of EE on employee performance and how this relationship is moderated by job resources and job demands in sub-Saharan Africa's MSME sector since the influx of COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":46031,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Economic and Management Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47278662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research aims to analyze the effect of work discipline and work environment on employee performance at the Trade Office of Sorong City. The data of this study were obtained from a questionnaire (primary) and several observations and direct interviews with related parties at the Department of Trade. This research is a quantitative research using a descriptive approach. The findings of this study indicate that work discipline and work environment have a significant positive effect on employee performance. The most dominant variable affecting employee performance at the Trade Office of Sorong City is work discipline, the reason is because the work discipline variable has the largest comparison compared to other variables
{"title":"Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja dan Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Dinas Perdagangan Kota Sorong","authors":"Ahmad Jamil, Ramli Lewenussa, Taufik Nur Ramdhani","doi":"10.46772/jecma.v5i1.992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46772/jecma.v5i1.992","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to analyze the effect of work discipline and work environment on employee performance at the Trade Office of Sorong City. The data of this study were obtained from a questionnaire (primary) and several observations and direct interviews with related parties at the Department of Trade. This research is a quantitative research using a descriptive approach. The findings of this study indicate that work discipline and work environment have a significant positive effect on employee performance. The most dominant variable affecting employee performance at the Trade Office of Sorong City is work discipline, the reason is because the work discipline variable has the largest comparison compared to other variables","PeriodicalId":46031,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Economic and Management Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135997348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-08DOI: 10.1108/ajems-09-2022-0372
Tough Chinoda, F. Kapingura
PurposeThis study examines the role of institutions and governance on the digital financial inclusion and economic growth nexus in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) from 2014 to 2020.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopts the generalised method of moments technique which controls for endogeneity. The authors employed four main variables namely, index of digital financial inclusion, gross domestic product per capita growth, institutions and governance.FindingsThe results suggest a significant positive effect of institutional quality and governance on the digital financial inclusion-economic growth nexus in SSA. Furthermore, the authors find that effect of trade and population growth on economic growth was significantly positive while inflation reduces economic growth in the region.Research limitations/implicationsThis study also ignored the effect of digital financial inclusion on environmental quality. Future researches should focus on addressing these drawbacks and replicating the study in Africa as a whole and other developing countries across the world that are experiencing digital financial inclusion and economic growth challenges. The results from the study imply that a positive relationship between digital financial inclusion and economic growth. It is important to note that the study was carried out on the premise that institutions play a pivotal role in enhancing economic growth in SSA.Practical implicationsThe results confirm the significance of policies that enhances institutional quality and governance which are other avenues the authorities can pursue to enhance economic growth in SSA.Social implicationsThe paper documents the importance of institutions in boosting economic growth which impacts on social life rather than digital financial inclusion only.Originality/valueThe paper makes a contribution through analysing the role of institutions and governance on the digital financial inclusion-economic growth nexus rather than the traditional financial inclusion–economic growth nexus which is common to the majority of the available empirical studies.
{"title":"Digital financial inclusion and economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: the role of institutions and governance","authors":"Tough Chinoda, F. Kapingura","doi":"10.1108/ajems-09-2022-0372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ajems-09-2022-0372","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThis study examines the role of institutions and governance on the digital financial inclusion and economic growth nexus in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) from 2014 to 2020.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopts the generalised method of moments technique which controls for endogeneity. The authors employed four main variables namely, index of digital financial inclusion, gross domestic product per capita growth, institutions and governance.FindingsThe results suggest a significant positive effect of institutional quality and governance on the digital financial inclusion-economic growth nexus in SSA. Furthermore, the authors find that effect of trade and population growth on economic growth was significantly positive while inflation reduces economic growth in the region.Research limitations/implicationsThis study also ignored the effect of digital financial inclusion on environmental quality. Future researches should focus on addressing these drawbacks and replicating the study in Africa as a whole and other developing countries across the world that are experiencing digital financial inclusion and economic growth challenges. The results from the study imply that a positive relationship between digital financial inclusion and economic growth. It is important to note that the study was carried out on the premise that institutions play a pivotal role in enhancing economic growth in SSA.Practical implicationsThe results confirm the significance of policies that enhances institutional quality and governance which are other avenues the authorities can pursue to enhance economic growth in SSA.Social implicationsThe paper documents the importance of institutions in boosting economic growth which impacts on social life rather than digital financial inclusion only.Originality/valueThe paper makes a contribution through analysing the role of institutions and governance on the digital financial inclusion-economic growth nexus rather than the traditional financial inclusion–economic growth nexus which is common to the majority of the available empirical studies.","PeriodicalId":46031,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Economic and Management Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43695223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PurposeThe purpose of this study is to ascertain the mechanism through which an employee engages at the workplace when faced with an uncivil act.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted a cross-sectional survey design to sample 482 participants drawn from commercial banks operating in Ghana. The population of the study (employees working in banks in Ghana) was selected owing to the recent reforms in the sector coupled with the emerging fear of loss of jobs as a result of the corona virus pandemic and the potential impact on employee work attitudes. Participants were however selected conveniently and employees who were available and willing to participate given questionnaires to complete.FindingsCo-worker incivility significantly and negatively predicted employee engagement, while emotional intelligence (EI) predicted employee engagement positively. Furthermore, EI served as a mediator between co-worker incivility and engagement.Research limitations/implicationsDespite these encouraging findings, the mechanism underlying these effects could not be identified. Therefore, future studies can establish the underlying mechanisms of these effects by using qualitative studies or the mixed-method. Future studies can also explore other personal resources such as psychological capital or personality traits in mitigating the negative effects of workplace incivility.Practical implicationsGiven the fact that incivility has a significant negative influence on employees within the organisation, there is the need for government and policy makers to enact an inclusive policy that deals with employee mistreatments and most especially low key mistreatment. This could be done through the promulgation of a national policy on psychosocial risk management (PRIMA) as most of the uncivil acts in organisations present as psychosocial risk factors. Secondly, at the organisational level there is the need to consider EI of employees most especially when recruiting employees so as to avoid squared pegs being placed in round holes.Originality/valueThis research found out that for an employee to engage or not when faced with an uncivil act, one’s EI has to play a role. The appraisal theory was used to provide a sufficient grounds in exploring the role of EI in the evaluations and determination of occurrences in organisations as intentional or unintentional, positive or negative and hence the resultant work outcomes.
{"title":"Co-worker incivility and employee engagement among Ghanaian bank workers: does emotional intelligence matter?","authors":"Kwesi Amponsah-Tawiah, Nana Kojo Ayimadu Baafi, Jusice Mensah","doi":"10.1108/ajems-03-2022-0096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ajems-03-2022-0096","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThe purpose of this study is to ascertain the mechanism through which an employee engages at the workplace when faced with an uncivil act.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted a cross-sectional survey design to sample 482 participants drawn from commercial banks operating in Ghana. The population of the study (employees working in banks in Ghana) was selected owing to the recent reforms in the sector coupled with the emerging fear of loss of jobs as a result of the corona virus pandemic and the potential impact on employee work attitudes. Participants were however selected conveniently and employees who were available and willing to participate given questionnaires to complete.FindingsCo-worker incivility significantly and negatively predicted employee engagement, while emotional intelligence (EI) predicted employee engagement positively. Furthermore, EI served as a mediator between co-worker incivility and engagement.Research limitations/implicationsDespite these encouraging findings, the mechanism underlying these effects could not be identified. Therefore, future studies can establish the underlying mechanisms of these effects by using qualitative studies or the mixed-method. Future studies can also explore other personal resources such as psychological capital or personality traits in mitigating the negative effects of workplace incivility.Practical implicationsGiven the fact that incivility has a significant negative influence on employees within the organisation, there is the need for government and policy makers to enact an inclusive policy that deals with employee mistreatments and most especially low key mistreatment. This could be done through the promulgation of a national policy on psychosocial risk management (PRIMA) as most of the uncivil acts in organisations present as psychosocial risk factors. Secondly, at the organisational level there is the need to consider EI of employees most especially when recruiting employees so as to avoid squared pegs being placed in round holes.Originality/valueThis research found out that for an employee to engage or not when faced with an uncivil act, one’s EI has to play a role. The appraisal theory was used to provide a sufficient grounds in exploring the role of EI in the evaluations and determination of occurrences in organisations as intentional or unintentional, positive or negative and hence the resultant work outcomes.","PeriodicalId":46031,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Economic and Management Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44099049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-24DOI: 10.1108/ajems-04-2022-0171
E. Sarpong-Kumankoma, Sayeed Ab-Bakar, F. N. Akplehey
PurposeThis study examines the gender gap in financial literacy in Ghana.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs primary data and probit models together with the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition strategy.FindingsThe authors found that males are generally more financially literate than females are. The results also show that much of the gender gap in financial literacy is explained by differences in coefficients or how literacy is produced and not by differences in the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of men and women. Thus, the gap may be attributable to unobserved behavioural and psychological traits, as well as cultural and social norms regarding gender roles in financial decision-making.Practical implicationsIt is evident that further action is needed to bridge the gap between men and women with regards to financial literacy. Effective interventions may include improving women's access to financial information and education, as well as encouraging their participation in household financial decision-making and planning. In particular, less educated women need to be targeted by policy initiatives in this regard.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the scant literature on gender gap in financial literacy in developing countries.
{"title":"Gender and financial literacy in Ghana","authors":"E. Sarpong-Kumankoma, Sayeed Ab-Bakar, F. N. Akplehey","doi":"10.1108/ajems-04-2022-0171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ajems-04-2022-0171","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThis study examines the gender gap in financial literacy in Ghana.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs primary data and probit models together with the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition strategy.FindingsThe authors found that males are generally more financially literate than females are. The results also show that much of the gender gap in financial literacy is explained by differences in coefficients or how literacy is produced and not by differences in the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of men and women. Thus, the gap may be attributable to unobserved behavioural and psychological traits, as well as cultural and social norms regarding gender roles in financial decision-making.Practical implicationsIt is evident that further action is needed to bridge the gap between men and women with regards to financial literacy. Effective interventions may include improving women's access to financial information and education, as well as encouraging their participation in household financial decision-making and planning. In particular, less educated women need to be targeted by policy initiatives in this regard.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the scant literature on gender gap in financial literacy in developing countries.","PeriodicalId":46031,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Economic and Management Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47089215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-17DOI: 10.1108/ajems-07-2022-0270
A. Ramnund‐Mansingh, K. Naidoo
PurposeCountries in Africa have undergone an unprecedented transformation that has shaped the continent as they move ahead from the clutches of colonialism. The evolution of leadership and how organisations function optimally has given rise to the review of leadership approaches and practices, revolutionising its position in the global markets. With the recent spate of global suffering from the pandemic, the formal and traditional work structures are becoming transient. At the same time, the economic consequences of the Russo-Ukrainian crisis have catastrophic effects globally.Design/methodology/approachThe research was conducted via a systematic review of scientific sources from various academic websites. Eligibility criteria were defined with the agreement of pertinent themes and concepts.FindingsBy evaluating and analysing characteristics and success indicators from the blend of leadership competencies ascertained from Afrocentric principles in response to African associated problems, Africa can cement its leadership concepts without following the global north principles. These philosophies are resilient enough to contend with a range of VUCA (volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity) complexities, including the impact of the recent global pandemic of immeasurable proportions and the prospect of war as the Russo-Ukrainian conflict intensifies.Originality/valueWithin the African environment, there is a greater focus on the human element in shared values, holistic well-being, cooperation and experience. The global community band together to deal with these complexities. This is a typical example of global connectedness with positive and negative connotations.
{"title":"Lead the African way!","authors":"A. Ramnund‐Mansingh, K. Naidoo","doi":"10.1108/ajems-07-2022-0270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ajems-07-2022-0270","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeCountries in Africa have undergone an unprecedented transformation that has shaped the continent as they move ahead from the clutches of colonialism. The evolution of leadership and how organisations function optimally has given rise to the review of leadership approaches and practices, revolutionising its position in the global markets. With the recent spate of global suffering from the pandemic, the formal and traditional work structures are becoming transient. At the same time, the economic consequences of the Russo-Ukrainian crisis have catastrophic effects globally.Design/methodology/approachThe research was conducted via a systematic review of scientific sources from various academic websites. Eligibility criteria were defined with the agreement of pertinent themes and concepts.FindingsBy evaluating and analysing characteristics and success indicators from the blend of leadership competencies ascertained from Afrocentric principles in response to African associated problems, Africa can cement its leadership concepts without following the global north principles. These philosophies are resilient enough to contend with a range of VUCA (volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity) complexities, including the impact of the recent global pandemic of immeasurable proportions and the prospect of war as the Russo-Ukrainian conflict intensifies.Originality/valueWithin the African environment, there is a greater focus on the human element in shared values, holistic well-being, cooperation and experience. The global community band together to deal with these complexities. This is a typical example of global connectedness with positive and negative connotations.","PeriodicalId":46031,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Economic and Management Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42342918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-16DOI: 10.1108/ajems-02-2022-0036
Peterson K. Ozili, Olajide Oladipo, Paul Terhember Iorember
PurposeThis paper investigates the effect of abnormal increase in credit supply on economic growth in Nigeria after controlling for the quality of the legal system, size of central bank asset, banking sector cost efficiency and bank insolvency risk.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ the generalised method of moments (GMM) regression methodology to estimate the effect of abnormal increase in credit supply on two measures of economic growth in Nigeria.FindingsThe abnormal increase in credit supply has a significant effect on economic growth. Abnormal increase in credit supply increases real gross domestic product (GDP) growth. The abnormal increase in credit supply decreases real GDP per capita during the global financial crisis. The abnormal increase in domestic credit to the private sector has a significant positive effect on GDP per capita when there is strong legal system quality in Nigeria. In contrast, the abnormal increase in domestic credit to the private sector has a significant negative effect on real GDP growth when there is strong legal system quality in Nigeria.Practical implicationsThe abnormal increase in credit supply is ineffective in increasing GDP per capita during crisis years. Policymakers should be cautious in pressuring financial institutions to release an abnormally large amount of credit into the economy particularly during financial crises. Rather, policymakers should encourage financial institutions to supply credit in a sustained manner – not in an abnormal manner –and in a way that supports growth.Originality/valueThe present study contributes to the literature by analysing the effect of abnormal increase in credit supply on economic growth in a developing country context.
{"title":"Effect of abnormal increase in credit supply on economic growth in Nigeria","authors":"Peterson K. Ozili, Olajide Oladipo, Paul Terhember Iorember","doi":"10.1108/ajems-02-2022-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ajems-02-2022-0036","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThis paper investigates the effect of abnormal increase in credit supply on economic growth in Nigeria after controlling for the quality of the legal system, size of central bank asset, banking sector cost efficiency and bank insolvency risk.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ the generalised method of moments (GMM) regression methodology to estimate the effect of abnormal increase in credit supply on two measures of economic growth in Nigeria.FindingsThe abnormal increase in credit supply has a significant effect on economic growth. Abnormal increase in credit supply increases real gross domestic product (GDP) growth. The abnormal increase in credit supply decreases real GDP per capita during the global financial crisis. The abnormal increase in domestic credit to the private sector has a significant positive effect on GDP per capita when there is strong legal system quality in Nigeria. In contrast, the abnormal increase in domestic credit to the private sector has a significant negative effect on real GDP growth when there is strong legal system quality in Nigeria.Practical implicationsThe abnormal increase in credit supply is ineffective in increasing GDP per capita during crisis years. Policymakers should be cautious in pressuring financial institutions to release an abnormally large amount of credit into the economy particularly during financial crises. Rather, policymakers should encourage financial institutions to supply credit in a sustained manner – not in an abnormal manner –and in a way that supports growth.Originality/valueThe present study contributes to the literature by analysing the effect of abnormal increase in credit supply on economic growth in a developing country context.","PeriodicalId":46031,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Economic and Management Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43313676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-13DOI: 10.1108/ajems-08-2022-0315
Kamel Mouloudj, Ahmed Chemseddine Bouarar
PurposeThe purpose of the present paper is to investigate Algerian medical students' intention to participate in volunteer work during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Design/methodology/approachThe authors adopted an extended theory of planned behavior (TPB) framework by integrating the constructs of personal moral norms and perceived risk of COVID-19 and followed a self-administered questionnaire survey to collect data among a convenience sample of medical students (n = 267) in five Algerian universities. The data obtained were analyzed through a hierarchical multiple regression process in which three models were considered.FindingsFindings of this study show that attitude toward volunteering, perceived behavior control (PBC), personal moral norm and subjective norm significantly and positively predicted medical students' intention to engage in volunteer work during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, students' perceived risk of COVID-19 significantly and negatively predicted students' intention to participate in volunteer activities. Moreover, the authors' analyses showed that the extended TPB model explained 75.1% of the variance of intention.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study have implications for understanding medical students' volunteer behavior during health crises. Some implications are provided for the crisis and emergency managers of hospitals and policymakers to attract and recruit enough medical students' volunteers for future waves of COVID-19 or other similar health crises.Originality/valueThis is the first paper from Algeria and one of the few from Africa that identifies predictors of intentions to participate in volunteer activities among medical students.
{"title":"Investigating predictors of medical students' intentions to engagement in volunteering during the health crisis","authors":"Kamel Mouloudj, Ahmed Chemseddine Bouarar","doi":"10.1108/ajems-08-2022-0315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ajems-08-2022-0315","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThe purpose of the present paper is to investigate Algerian medical students' intention to participate in volunteer work during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Design/methodology/approachThe authors adopted an extended theory of planned behavior (TPB) framework by integrating the constructs of personal moral norms and perceived risk of COVID-19 and followed a self-administered questionnaire survey to collect data among a convenience sample of medical students (n = 267) in five Algerian universities. The data obtained were analyzed through a hierarchical multiple regression process in which three models were considered.FindingsFindings of this study show that attitude toward volunteering, perceived behavior control (PBC), personal moral norm and subjective norm significantly and positively predicted medical students' intention to engage in volunteer work during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, students' perceived risk of COVID-19 significantly and negatively predicted students' intention to participate in volunteer activities. Moreover, the authors' analyses showed that the extended TPB model explained 75.1% of the variance of intention.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study have implications for understanding medical students' volunteer behavior during health crises. Some implications are provided for the crisis and emergency managers of hospitals and policymakers to attract and recruit enough medical students' volunteers for future waves of COVID-19 or other similar health crises.Originality/valueThis is the first paper from Algeria and one of the few from Africa that identifies predictors of intentions to participate in volunteer activities among medical students.","PeriodicalId":46031,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Economic and Management Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45220677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-26DOI: 10.1108/ajems-02-2022-0062
Bruvine Orchidée Mazonga Mfoutou, Yuan Xie
PurposeThis study aims to examine the solvency and performance persistence of defined benefit private and public pension plans (DBPPs) in the Republic of Congo.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use the 2 × 2 contingency table approach and the time product ratio (TPR)-based cross-product ratio (CPR) on data covering ten years from 2011 to 2020, with variable funded ratios and excess returns, to determine the solvency and performance persistence of defined benefit pension plans.FindingsThe authors document a lack of solvency and performance persistence in DBPP funds. They conclude that the solvency and performance of DBPP funds are not repetitive. The previous year's private and public defined benefit pension funds’ results do not repeat in the current year. Hence, the current solvency and performance of defined benefit pension funds are not good predictors of future funds' solvency and performance.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to combine solvency and performance to examine the persistence of defined benefit pension plans in sub-Saharan Africa.
{"title":"Solvency and performance persistence of defined benefit private and public pension plans","authors":"Bruvine Orchidée Mazonga Mfoutou, Yuan Xie","doi":"10.1108/ajems-02-2022-0062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ajems-02-2022-0062","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThis study aims to examine the solvency and performance persistence of defined benefit private and public pension plans (DBPPs) in the Republic of Congo.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use the 2 × 2 contingency table approach and the time product ratio (TPR)-based cross-product ratio (CPR) on data covering ten years from 2011 to 2020, with variable funded ratios and excess returns, to determine the solvency and performance persistence of defined benefit pension plans.FindingsThe authors document a lack of solvency and performance persistence in DBPP funds. They conclude that the solvency and performance of DBPP funds are not repetitive. The previous year's private and public defined benefit pension funds’ results do not repeat in the current year. Hence, the current solvency and performance of defined benefit pension funds are not good predictors of future funds' solvency and performance.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to combine solvency and performance to examine the persistence of defined benefit pension plans in sub-Saharan Africa.","PeriodicalId":46031,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Economic and Management Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48763564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-16DOI: 10.1108/ajems-08-2022-0343
Malika Neifar
PurposeIn this paper, the author aims to investigate the relationship between economic growth and unemployment in six Arab countries from Middle East and North Africa (MENA) zone including Tunisia, Egypt, Morocco, Lebanon, Jordan and Oman through the implementation of Okun's law using quarterly dataset covering the time period 2000: 1–2014: 4.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, static and dynamic linear and nonlinear models are used to test the linkage between cyclical unemployment and cyclical growth rate.FindingsThe empirical results from considered models confirm an inverse linkage between unemployment rate and economic growth, as the Okun's law suggests (except for Oman). In a nonlinear autoregressive dynamic linear (NARDL) framework and gap specification, statistically significant Okun's coefficients indicate that output growth can be translated into employment gains. Absolute effect of an economic contraction is significantly larger than that of an expansion in Tunisia, Egypt, Morocco and Lebanon. The opposite is true for Jordan and Oman.Practical implicationsEmpirical finding provides then an additional proof that Okun's law could exist in a developing countries such as Tunisia, Egypt, Morocco, Lebanon and Jordan. Hence, any attempt to increase gross domestic product (GDP) through some economic fiscal and/or monetary policies in these countries would reduce unemployment rate.Originality/valueBased on asymmetric specification, the author can conclude with precision that an economic upturn of 3.37, 2.98 and 2.5%, respectively, in Tunisia, Morocco and Egypt reduces unemployment by 1%, whilst the downturn of 5.03 and 2.43% (and about 12%), respectively, in Tunisia and Morocco (and Lebanon and Jordan) achieves the opposite.
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