Economic Change and Restructuring最新文献

The paper empirically investigates the saving consequence of population aging, an issue that is important for policymaking and still far from uncontroversial. Rather than providing another piece of evidence to verify the positive or negative correlation between population aging and saving, the contribution of the paper is to consider the moderating role of financial development in the nexus. In a cross-country panel data setting, we find that population aging proxied by old-age dependency decreases saving, but the effect diminishes with financial development. The opposite is found for life expectancy. Financial development weakens the saving-increasing effect of life expectancy. The findings hold for different types of saving and controlling for per-capita income growth. The data suggest that life expectancy may offset the effect of old-age dependency, limiting the influence of population aging on saving. The evidence also suggests that financial development constrains the saving effect of population aging and the need to consider a country’s extent of financial development to address the saving consequence as a population ages.

This study examines the various complex elements essential for shifting toward a circular economy (CE). Panel data from 27 European Union (EU) countries and the UK are utilized for this purpose. This research investigates the convergence of socioeconomic, environmental, institutional, and demographic elements, specifically focusing on the environmental deterioration, inequity, and asymmetry that have been exacerbated in the three years since the COVID-19 pandemic (2019–2022). Concurrently, the lack of energy in the Eurozone poses significant obstacles to the cohesiveness of society and the successful execution of (C.E) policy. The main objective of this study is to thoroughly examine how the circular economy is impacted by innovation, population density, changes in the structure of the energy market, environmental sustainability, institutional efficacy, and social safety nets. Results indicate a strong and favorable relationship between involvement in circular economy projects and attributes including resource efficiency, entrepreneurial endeavors, and institutional quality. The analysis findings suggest a positive correlation between the level of social protection provided to the populace and their propensity to adopt CE principles. Currently, EU member states rely more on raw materials than they can recycle. It is also crucial to emphasize that a mere 1% increase in the market dominance of the top producers of natural gas and electricity is associated with a corresponding drop in the circularity rate of 0.33% and 0.30%, respectively. These results suggest that uneven competition in the energy markets may jeopardize EU member states' efforts to collect garbage for recycling.

This study investigates whether banking sector support for the realization of the SDGs affects bank loan loss provisions (LLPs). Using country-level data for 28 countries from 2011 to 2018 and using the panel fixed effect regression estimation method, it was found that banking sector support for achieving SDG7 and SDG10 leads to a significant decrease in bank loan loss provisions. Banks that support the realization of SDG6, and operate in countries that have strong institutions, experience a significant decrease in LLPs while banks that support the realization of SDG7, and operate in countries that have strong institutions, experience a significant increase in LLPs. The regional results are mixed. In the Asian region, banking sector support for achieving SDG13 decreases bank LLPs while banking sector support for achieving SDG8 and SDG10 increases bank LLPs. In the European region, banking sector support for achieving SDG3 decreases bank LLPs while banking sector support for achieving SDG4 and SDG6 increase bank LLPs. In the African region, banking sector support for achieving SDG6 increases bank LLPs.

Abstract

This study delves into the interrelationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and green finance, investigating their collective impact on corporate performance through a comprehensive survey spanning various industries, business years, and company sizes. Advanced analytical tools, including SmartPLS and SPSS Impact, were employed in this research. The findings highlight that green finance significantly influences CSR performance, elucidating the specific mechanism of this relationship through path analysis and neural network analysis. The results indicate that the implementation of green finance not only facilitates the fulfillment of corporate social responsibilities but also yields positive effects by enhancing corporate brand value, thereby improving customer satisfaction and fostering employee loyalty. This revelation signifies a novel paradigm for enterprise development, accentuating the integration of economic profitability, social responsibility, and environmental protection. Such an approach not only assists companies in establishing a positive brand image but also propels sustainable development and fosters common interests.

Abstract

This paper fills the momentous gap by explicitly investigating the interplay of financial inclusion, financial stability, and shadow banking in 11 emerging market economies (EMEs) from 2010 to 2021. Employing panel quantile regression approaches, including simultaneous bootstrapped quantile regression and generalized quantile regression, the results indicate that while financial inclusion has a negative impact on financial stability, its impact is less pronounced in countries with high stability. Moreover, shadow banking, whether broadly or narrowly defined, tends to weaken the negative effects of financial inclusion, particularly in EMEs with medium and high levels of financial stability. Finally, Dumitrescu–Hurlin's panel causality test confirms bidirectional causality between financial stability and financial inclusion, financial stability and shadow banking, as well as financial inclusion and shadow banking. These findings highlight the need for policymakers in EMEs to prudently adjust shadow banking regulations to maximize their positive impact on financial inclusion and stability while concurrently minimizing potential risks.

In response to the global imperative for sustainable energy, understanding the determinants of investments in sustainable utilities becomes crucial. This study focuses on exploring these factors in the context of Mongolia, covering the years 1980 to 2021 and utilizing the autoregressive distributed lag technique. Findings reveal that an increase in the consumer price index has a detrimental impact on investment. Interestingly, the development of information and communication technology shows limited influence on sustainable utilities investments in Mongolia. Conversely, larger economies exhibit a positive correlation, suggesting that they foster more substantial investments in sustainable utilities. Notably, economic risk emerges as a significant factor, negatively affecting investment. This underscores the importance of providing a stable and predictable investment environment. In light of these findings, practical policy recommendations for Mongolia include strategies such as digitalization, the establishment of green financing mechanisms, and the encouragement of public–private partnerships.

A model is proposed where economic growth is driven by innovation alongside the diffusion and adoption of technology from the frontier. Innovation investments are related to households savings, which generates multiple equilibria with low and high levels of innovation and productivity. Low-level equilibria are unstable. Starting from a position with low levels of investment and innovation, increasing investments are associated with high but decreasing dependence on international technology diffusion. A major objective of policy-making is to increase investment sufficiently in the lower end to reach the high-level steady state. An economic rationale is provided for the existence of productivity improving equilibria, where distance to the frontier is reduced based on a tax and subsidy mechanism designed to boost innovation and speed up catching-up.

This study employs OECD panel data from 2005 to 2021 and utilizes the CS-ARDL (Cross-sectionally Augmented Autoregressive Distributed Lag) method to reveal a notable positive correlation between the Human Development Index (HDI) and pension income levels. A 1% increase in HDI corresponds to approximately 0.6% and 0.7% increases in short- and long-term pension income. Additionally, green energy deployment positively influences pensions, with a 1% increase leading to about 0.09% and 0.17% increases in the short and long term, respectively. Economic size (GDP) demonstrates a robust positive relationship, and ICT development significantly impacts pension income levels. Policymakers are advised to prioritize local green power generation, sustainable pension funds, and green loans to enhance the welfare of aging populations in OECD countries.

This research examines economic integration within the RCEP subset of 13 countries from 2000 to 2020, focusing on the impact of green energy and digital currency adoption. A 1% increase in sustainable energy deployment yields significant short-term (0.01%) and long-term (0.05%) improvements; while, a 1% rise in electronic banking transactions results in substantial short-term (0.19%) and long-term (0.26%) enhancements. A 1% GDP increase leads to notable short-term (0.32%) and long-term (0.59%) improvements, emphasizing economic strength’s importance. Improved internet access (1% increase) contributes to short-term (0.09%) and long-term (0.10%) economic integration. Conversely, a 1% increase in economic risk corresponds to a significant long-term reduction (0.33%) in economic integration. The research suggests crucial policy implications, emphasizing prioritizing green power generation, strengthening digital infrastructure, and promoting eco-friendly blockchain technologies for sustainable economic integration.

Since 2017, the reform of central state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in China has had a profound impact on the operations and development of military-industrial enterprises. To study the influence of SOE reform on the total factor productivity (TFP) of China's state-owned military-industrial listed enterprises, this study uses a difference-in-differences model to conduct empirical tests. Its sample consists of relevant data from 115 military-industrial listed enterprises from 2011 to 2021. The results show that SOE reform has effectively improved the TFP of state-owned military-industrial listed enterprises. Furthermore, through heterogeneity testing, it was found that government subsidies weakened the impact of SOE reform on the TFP of military-industrial enterprises. Stock incentives had a greater impact on TFP than mergers and acquisitions. In similar conditions, motivating employees was more conducive to improving operational efficiency. The mechanism by which SOE reform affects the TFP of military-industrial enterprises is reflected in decreased agency costs and improving governance efficiency. The empirical results confirm the positive role of SOE reform and have certain enlightening significance for how to implement a scientific and reasonable subsidy system as well as how to design more effective reform measures.