Economic Change and Restructuring最新文献

This study explores the connections between energy transition, circular economy principles, and international trade to lessen carbon footprints for a sustainable future. It uses in-depth modeling and data analysis to show how they affect greenhouse gas emission mitigation. The study underscores the necessity of tackling the loss of natural resources, mainly due to insufficient waste management. It also stresses the transition from a linear to a circular economy. It validates the potential of the circular economy to reduce carbon emissions across eight key emitting countries through extensive research using scientific data from 1991 to 2021 and the AMG technique. It also draws a connection between development, high carbon emissions intensity, and efficient waste management in particular countries, supporting renewable energy as a beneficial environmental option. The report offers practical sustainability solutions for long-term implementation and identifies municipal garbage as a significant source of air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.

Theoretically and numerically, this paper attempts to examine the macroeconomic effects of corruption by using the two-country directed technical change model. At a single-country level, an increase in corruption levels in one country leads to an intra-country decrease in the demand for labor and wages and a permanent slowdown of technological-knowledge progress and economic growth. At the inter-country level, a country-specific increase in corruption enlarges inter-country wage and technological-knowledge gaps. Overall, higher corruption levels in one country are detrimental to global economic growth. Through calibration, it is shown that when the differences between the corruption of non-corrupt and corrupt countries increase: (1) economic growth is mainly stimulated in the corrupt countries India, Mexico, and Brazil; (2) the lowest wage inequality compared to non-corrupt countries is observed in the corrupt countries Greece, Portugal, and Spain.

The paper empirically investigates the saving consequence of population aging, an issue that is important for policymaking and still far from uncontroversial. Rather than providing another piece of evidence to verify the positive or negative correlation between population aging and saving, the contribution of the paper is to consider the moderating role of financial development in the nexus. In a cross-country panel data setting, we find that population aging proxied by old-age dependency decreases saving, but the effect diminishes with financial development. The opposite is found for life expectancy. Financial development weakens the saving-increasing effect of life expectancy. The findings hold for different types of saving and controlling for per-capita income growth. The data suggest that life expectancy may offset the effect of old-age dependency, limiting the influence of population aging on saving. The evidence also suggests that financial development constrains the saving effect of population aging and the need to consider a country’s extent of financial development to address the saving consequence as a population ages.

This study examines the various complex elements essential for shifting toward a circular economy (CE). Panel data from 27 European Union (EU) countries and the UK are utilized for this purpose. This research investigates the convergence of socioeconomic, environmental, institutional, and demographic elements, specifically focusing on the environmental deterioration, inequity, and asymmetry that have been exacerbated in the three years since the COVID-19 pandemic (2019–2022). Concurrently, the lack of energy in the Eurozone poses significant obstacles to the cohesiveness of society and the successful execution of (C.E) policy. The main objective of this study is to thoroughly examine how the circular economy is impacted by innovation, population density, changes in the structure of the energy market, environmental sustainability, institutional efficacy, and social safety nets. Results indicate a strong and favorable relationship between involvement in circular economy projects and attributes including resource efficiency, entrepreneurial endeavors, and institutional quality. The analysis findings suggest a positive correlation between the level of social protection provided to the populace and their propensity to adopt CE principles. Currently, EU member states rely more on raw materials than they can recycle. It is also crucial to emphasize that a mere 1% increase in the market dominance of the top producers of natural gas and electricity is associated with a corresponding drop in the circularity rate of 0.33% and 0.30%, respectively. These results suggest that uneven competition in the energy markets may jeopardize EU member states' efforts to collect garbage for recycling.