Society and Mental Health最新文献

英文中文

Health System Access for Precariously Housed Youth: A Participatory Youth Research Project 家庭不稳定青年获得卫生系统的机会：一个参与性青年研究项目

IF 5.1 1区社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY

Society and Mental Health

Pub Date : 2022-03-10 DOI: 10.1177/21568693221082206

N. Nichols, Jayne A. Malenfant

This article builds from young people’s experiences navigating health system organizations to identify concrete institutional and policy processes that pose problems for youth experiencing or at risk of homelessness, as well as those that show promise in terms of health promotion. Our participatory youth research team explored homeless youth’s health-seeking practices, the specific barriers they face, and relations between their health-seeking efforts and their homelessness. Youth and adult co-researchers interviewed 38 individual youth (aged 16–29) who completed 64 qualitative institutional history interviews. Their accounts illuminate a systemic lack of capacity to address the mental health needs of homeless youth. Unable to secure access to timely, sufficient, and suitable programs and services, youth navigate patchwork of crisis and emergency supports that undermine their autonomy, their health, and their housing stability. Finally, youth without stable housing—particularly those who are Trans* and non-binary youth and/or who use drugs—report discrimination in health care settings. Our results suggest that access to timely, appropriate, de-stigmatizing, and consistent (mental) health services is one way to prevent youth homelessness.

这篇文章以年轻人在卫生系统组织中的经历为基础，确定了给无家可归或面临无家可归风险的年轻人带来问题的具体制度和政策流程，以及在促进健康方面表现出希望的程序。我们的参与式青年研究团队探讨了无家可归青年的健康寻求实践、他们面临的具体障碍，以及他们的健康寻求努力与无家可归之间的关系。青年和成人联合研究人员采访了38名青年（16-29岁），他们完成了64次定性机构历史访谈。他们的叙述表明，系统性地缺乏解决无家可归青年心理健康需求的能力。由于无法确保获得及时、充足和合适的计划和服务，年轻人在各种危机和紧急支持中游刃有余，这些支持破坏了他们的自主权、健康和住房稳定。最后，没有稳定住房的青年，特别是那些跨性别和非二元青年和/或吸毒的青年，报告说在医疗保健环境中存在歧视。我们的研究结果表明，获得及时、适当、去污名化和一致的（心理）健康服务是防止青年无家可归的一种方法。

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引用次数: 1

From the “Magna Carta” to “Dying in the Streets”: Media Framings of Mental Health Law in California 从“大宪章”到“死于街头”：加州精神卫生法的媒体框架

IF 5.1 1区社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY

Society and Mental Health

Pub Date : 2022-01-22 DOI: 10.1177/21568693211068841

A. Barnard

This article analyzes 575 newspaper articles across 53 years of reporting on California’s landmark 1967 Lanterman-Petris-Short (LPS) Act to examine framings of the challenges people with severe mental illness pose to the social order and shifting responses to them. The LPS Act restricted involuntary hospitalization which in the 1960s made it a “Magna Carta” that heralded a “mental health revolution” of voluntary, community-based care. Subsequently, coverage passed between four other framings that linked together different attributions of problems—like homelessness or suicide—with perceived flaws of the Act—such as encouraging the closure of hospitals or imposing barriers to forced treatment. Although previous research has focused on how the media amplifies fears of violence, this article shows how this framing is giving way to one focused on mentally ill people “dying in the streets” and the need for re-institutionalization to save them. By comparing media representations with other documentation from each period, this article demonstrates how these frames have continuously misattributed the consequences of complex policy and social changes to the granting of civil rights by the LPS Act.

本文分析了53年来575篇报道加州1967年具有里程碑意义的《兰特曼-彼得里斯-斯特法案》(Lanterman-Petris-Short，简称LPS)的报纸文章，以研究严重精神疾病患者对社会秩序构成挑战的框架，以及对这些挑战的反应变化。《LPS法案》限制非自愿住院治疗，这在20世纪60年代使其成为“大宪章”，预示着一场自愿、以社区为基础的“精神健康革命”。随后，覆盖范围在其他四个框架之间通过，这些框架将问题的不同归因联系在一起，如无家可归或自杀，以及该法案的明显缺陷，如鼓励关闭医院或对强制治疗设置障碍。虽然之前的研究集中在媒体如何放大对暴力的恐惧，但这篇文章表明，这种框架是如何让位于关注“死在街头”的精神病患者以及重新收容以拯救他们的必要性。通过比较每个时期的媒体表述与其他文献，本文展示了这些框架是如何不断地将复杂的政策和社会变化的后果错误地归因于《民权法案》授予公民权利的。

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引用次数: 1

Mental Health Treatment Histories, Recovery, and Well-being 心理健康治疗史、康复和幸福

IF 5.1 1区社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY

Society and Mental Health

Pub Date : 2022-01-08 DOI: 10.1177/21568693211068879

P. Thoits

Epidemiological and sociological research on recovery from mental disorder is based on three rarely tested medical model assumptions: (1) recovery without treatment is the result of less severe illness, (2) treatment predicts recovery, and (3) recovery and well–being do not depend on individuals’ treatment histories. I challenge these assumptions using National Comorbidity Survey-Replication data for individuals with any disorder occurring prior to the current year (N = 2,305). Results indicated that (1) untreated remissions were fully explained by less serious prior illness, (2) treated individuals were less likely to recover due to more serious illness, and (3) people who had past–only treatment were more likely to recover than the never–treated, while those in recurring and recently initiated care were less likely to recover. Treatment histories predicted greater well–being only if recovery had been attained. Histories of care help to explain recovery rates and suggest new directions for treatment–seeking theory and research.

精神障碍康复的流行病学和社会学研究基于三个很少经过检验的医学模型假设:(1)未经治疗的康复是不太严重的疾病的结果，(2)治疗预测康复，(3)康复和幸福不依赖于个人的治疗史。我对这些假设提出了挑战，使用了国家共病调查-复制数据(N = 2305)，该数据针对的是在当年之前患有任何疾病的个体。结果表明:(1)未治疗的缓解完全可以用不太严重的既往疾病来解释;(2)接受治疗的个体由于更严重的疾病而不太可能康复;(3)过去只接受过治疗的人比从未接受过治疗的人更容易康复，而复发和最近开始治疗的人更不可能康复。治疗史预测只有在康复后才会更幸福。治疗史有助于解释康复率，并为寻求治疗的理论和研究提出新的方向。

引用次数: 3

A Mixed Method Study of the Effects of Post-Migration Economic Stressors on the Mental Health of Recently Resettled Refugees. 移民后经济压力对新近安置难民心理健康影响的混合方法研究。

IF 5.1 1区社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY

Society and Mental Health

Pub Date : 2021-11-01 Epub Date: 2020-11-27 DOI: 10.1177/2156869320973446

Jessica Goodkind, Julieta Ferrera, David Lardier, Julia Meredith Hess, R Neil Greene

After years of emphasis on pre-migration trauma as the major determinant of refugee mental health, researchers have begun to explore the effects of post-migration stressors on refugees' distress. However, few studies have brought together refugees' emic understandings of the effects of economic stressors on their mental health with quantitative datasets to further explore the salience of stress processes as an explanatory mechanism. In qualitative interviews, 40% of 290 recently resettled adult refugees noted that economic stressors were a major source of distress and described pathways through which these stressors negatively influenced their mental health by limiting their ability to learn English, obtain meaningful employment, access healthcare, maintain contact with their families, and integrate in their communities. In structural equation modeling of quantitative data, we tested several possible hypotheses that emerged from the qualitative findings. We find that post-migration economic stressors mediated the relationship between migration-related trauma and post-migration emotional distress and PTSD symptoms. These findings provide empirical support for stress proliferation as a mechanism through which trauma exposure contributes to distress.

在多年强调移民前创伤是难民心理健康的主要决定因素之后，研究人员开始探索移民后压力源对难民痛苦的影响。然而，很少有研究将难民对经济压力源对其心理健康影响的普遍理解与定量数据集结合起来，以进一步探讨压力过程作为一种解释机制的重要性。在定性访谈中，290名最近重新安置的成年难民中有40%指出，经济压力源是痛苦的主要来源，并描述了这些压力源通过限制他们学习英语、获得有意义的就业、获得医疗保健、与家人保持联系以及融入社区的能力，对他们的心理健康产生负面影响的途径。在定量数据的结构方程建模中，我们测试了从定性发现中出现的几个可能的假设。我们发现移民后经济压力源介导了移民相关创伤与移民后情绪困扰和PTSD症状之间的关系。这些发现为创伤暴露导致痛苦的应激增殖机制提供了实证支持。

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引用次数: 3

Mental Health Stigma and Social Contact Revisited: The Role of Network Closeness and Negativity 心理健康污名与社会交往再探：网络封闭性与消极性的作用

IF 5.1 1区社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY

Society and Mental Health

Pub Date : 2021-09-11 DOI: 10.1177/21568693211043156

Elizabeth R. Felix, Freda B. Lynn

Researchers and policymakers are increasingly interested in the extent to which mental health stigma can be mitigated through social contact with people who disclose mental health issues. Empirical research on contact and stigma, however, largely focuses on the presence of contact without fully examining the nature of relationships. Interpersonal ties, for example, can be enduring and supportive, enduring and stressful, or weak yet cooperative. Using a novel egocentric network survey, this study contributes by measuring contact with respect to both the presence of alters with perceived mental health issues and the nature of those connections. Results show that, compared to respondents without any contact, naming more mental health contacts is associated with a reduction in stigma only when those relations are characterized by closeness and a lack of negativity. Among individuals with contact, a higher proportion of relationships perceived as negative or “difficult”exacerbates stigma. Implications of these findings for stigma reduction are discussed.

研究人员和政策制定者越来越感兴趣的是，通过与披露心理健康问题的人进行社会接触，可以在多大程度上减轻心理健康污名。然而，关于接触和污名的实证研究主要集中在接触的存在上，而没有充分考察关系的性质。例如，人际关系可以是持久的、支持性的、持久的、有压力的，也可以是脆弱但合作的。这项研究使用了一项新的以自我为中心的网络调查，通过测量与感知的心理健康问题的变化以及这些联系的性质的接触，做出了贡献。结果表明，与没有任何接触的受访者相比，只有当这些关系以亲密和缺乏消极为特征时，说出更多心理健康接触者的名字才能减少耻辱感。在有接触的人中，被视为消极或“困难”的关系比例越高，就会加剧耻辱感。讨论了这些发现对减少污名化的影响。

引用次数: 4

The Disjuncture between Medication Adherence and Recovery-centered Principles in Early Psychosis Intervention: An Institutional Ethnography 早期精神病干预中药物依从性与康复为中心原则之间的脱节:一种制度人种学

IF 5.1 1区社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY

Society and Mental Health

Pub Date : 2021-08-18 DOI: 10.1177/21568693211037383

E. Stasiulis, B. Gibson, Fiona Webster, K. Boydell

To examine how recovery principles are enacted in an early psychosis intervention (EPI) clinic, we used an institutional ethnographic approach focused on how the ideology of medication adherence organizes young people’s experiences of EPI services. Methods included ethnographic observation, in-depth interviews with 27 participants (18 clinic staff, four young people, and five family members), and textual analysis of clinic documents (e.g., case files, administrative forms, policy reports). The disjuncture between service providers’ intent to provide recovery-principled care and the actual experiences of young people is actualized in institutionalized practices of informal coercion around medication adherence, which we identify as “enticing,”“negotiating,” and “taking responsibility.” We link these practices to institutional accountability, risk, and efficiencies, and discuss the need for a shift in medication management approaches in EPI settings.

为了研究康复原则是如何在早期精神病干预(EPI)诊所中实施的，我们使用了一种制度人种学方法，关注药物依从性的意识形态如何组织年轻人的EPI服务体验。方法包括民族志观察，对27名参与者(18名诊所工作人员、4名年轻人和5名家庭成员)进行深度访谈，并对诊所文件(如病例档案、行政表格、政策报告)进行文本分析。服务提供者提供康复原则护理的意图与年轻人的实际经历之间的脱节，在围绕药物依从性的非正式强迫的制度化实践中得以实现，我们将其定义为“诱惑”、“谈判”和“承担责任”。我们将这些做法与机构问责制、风险和效率联系起来，并讨论了在EPI环境中转变药物管理方法的必要性。

引用次数: 3

Aspiring to Do All Things Through Him Who Strengthens? Quixotic Hope, Religiosity, and Mental Health in Emerging Adulthood 渴望通过他做所有的事情谁更强大？成长中的吉诃德式希望、宗教信仰和心理健康

IF 5.1 1区社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY

Society and Mental Health

Pub Date : 2021-04-28 DOI: 10.1177/21568693211008505

Laura Upenieks

Beliefs about the probability of educational success tend to be very optimistic in the United States. However, scholars are beginning to uncover mental health consequences associated with quixotic hope—the unrealistic outstripping of expectation by aspiration. Using longitudinal data from Waves 1 and 3 of the National Study of Youth and Religion, this study asks, (1) does religiosity promote or diminish the likelihood of quixotic hope? and (2) does religious attendance and closeness to God mitigate long-term mental health consequences of quixotic hope? Results show that weekly religious attendance had a modest negative relationship with the likelihood of experiencing quixotic hope, while increasing religious attendance over time attenuated the negative mental health consequences of quixotic hope on increases in depression. Closeness to God neither predicted quixotic hope nor played a moderating role for depression. As educational expectations rise, regular religious practice may help protect the emotional well-being of youth.

在美国，对教育成功概率的信念往往非常乐观。然而，学者们开始发现与不切实际的希望有关的心理健康后果——不切实际的期望超过期望。这项研究使用了《全国青年与宗教研究》第1波和第3波的纵向数据，问道：（1）宗教信仰是否会促进或减少不切实际的希望？（2）宗教信仰和亲近上帝是否能减轻堂吉诃德式希望对心理健康的长期影响？结果表明，每周参加宗教活动与体验堂吉诃德式希望的可能性呈适度的负相关，而随着时间的推移，参加宗教活动的人数增加会减弱堂吉诃德式希望对抑郁症增加的负面心理健康影响。与上帝的亲近既不能预测不切实际的希望，也不能对抑郁症起到调节作用。随着教育期望的提高，定期的宗教实践可能有助于保护青年的情感健康。

引用次数: 1

Falling Behind and Feeling Bad: Unmet Expectations and Mental Health during the Transition to Adulthood 落后和感觉不好:未满足的期望和心理健康在过渡到成年

IF 5.1 1区社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY

Society and Mental Health

Pub Date : 2021-04-21 DOI: 10.1177/2156869321991892

Elizabeth Culatta, Jody Clay-Warner

How do perceived expectations of what it means to be an adult affect mental health? We draw from life course and social psychological literature to argue that falling behind perceived expectations for reaching markers of adulthood is associated with depression and anxiety. We test predictions with data from an original sample of more than five hundred 18- to 29-year-olds in the United States. Consistent with predictions, we find a positive relationship between falling behind expectations and both anxiety and depression even while controlling for own expectations about the accomplishment of markers of adulthood. In particular, we find that falling behind perceived expectations of peers regarding markers of adulthood is associated with anxiety and that falling behind perceived expectations of parents and society regarding markers of adulthood is associated with depressive symptoms.

对成人的期望是如何影响心理健康的?我们从生命历程和社会心理学文献中得出结论，认为未能达到预期的成年标志与抑郁和焦虑有关。我们用来自美国500多名18至29岁年轻人的原始样本数据来测试预测。与预测一致，我们发现，即使在控制自己对成年标志成就的期望时，落后于预期与焦虑和抑郁之间也存在正相关关系。特别是，我们发现，落后于同龄人对成年标志的预期与焦虑有关，落后于父母和社会对成年标志的预期与抑郁症状有关。

引用次数: 14

Treatment Network Typologies and the Working Alliance of Clients with Serious Mental Illness 治疗网络类型与严重精神疾病患者工作联盟

IF 5.1 1区社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY

Society and Mental Health

Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.1177/21568693211001432

G. Usmanov, E. Wright, Raeda K Anderson

The climate and culture of treatment for clients with serious mental illness (SMI) are complex. In this study, we aim to cultivate a deeper understanding of the treatment environment using a network typological approach to measure the local treatment context and assess its implications on the perceived quality of clients’ relationships with their care providers. We use in-depth egocentric network data from clients with SMI in community mental health centers and state psychiatric hospitals from the Indiana Mental Health Services and HIV Risk Study (N = 417). Clustering analysis identifies five unique and distinct network types: supportive, sparse, diverse, clinical, and treatment-focused. Weighted least squares regressions reveal clients in networks with high amounts of support predict a more trusting working alliance, whereas care-oriented networks predict a less trusting alliance. Our findings underscore the need to consider the local network context in studies of the quality of care provided to people with SMI.

严重精神疾病（SMI）患者的治疗氛围和文化是复杂的。在这项研究中，我们的目的是使用网络类型学方法来衡量当地的治疗环境，并评估其对客户与其护理提供者关系感知质量的影响，从而加深对治疗环境的理解。我们使用了印第安纳州精神卫生服务和艾滋病毒风险研究（N=417）中社区精神卫生中心和州立精神病院SMI患者的深入自我中心网络数据。聚类分析确定了五种独特的网络类型：支持性、稀疏性、多样性、临床性和以治疗为重点。加权最小二乘回归显示，在支持量高的网络中，客户预测更信任的工作联盟，而以护理为导向的网络预测不太信任的联盟。我们的研究结果强调，在研究为SMI患者提供的护理质量时，需要考虑本地网络环境。

引用次数: 1

The Long-Term Impact of Parental Mental Health on Children's Distress Trajectories in Adulthood. 父母心理健康对儿童成年后痛苦轨迹的长期影响。

IF 5.1 1区社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY

Society and Mental Health

Pub Date : 2021-03-01 Epub Date: 2020-03-20 DOI: 10.1177/2156869320912520

Christina Kamis

Using six waves of data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (2007-2017) and the Childhood Retrospective Circumstances Study (2014) (n=3,240), this paper estimates how childhood experiences with parental mental health problems shape trajectories of children's own distress in adulthood. Findings indicate that those who experience poor parental mental health have consistently greater distress than their non-exposed counterparts throughout adulthood. More severe and longer exposures to parental mental health problems corresponds to even greater distress in adulthood. The gender of the parent afflicted does not predict differences in adult mental health, but those individuals exposed to both maternal and paternal poor mental health have the greatest distress in adulthood. Together, results suggest that parental mental health during children's formative years is a significant predictor of life course distress and that heterogeneity in this experience corresponds to unique mental health trajectories.

本文使用来自收入动态小组研究(2007-2017)和童年回顾环境研究(2014)(n=3,240)的六波数据，估计童年与父母心理健康问题的经历如何影响儿童成年后的痛苦轨迹。研究结果表明，在整个成年期，父母心理健康状况不佳的孩子比没有接触过的孩子一直承受更大的痛苦。与父母的心理健康问题接触越严重、时间越长，成年后的痛苦就越大。受折磨的父母的性别不能预测成年后心理健康的差异，但那些同时暴露于母亲和父亲心理健康状况不佳的个体在成年后的痛苦程度最大。综上所述，研究结果表明，在儿童形成时期，父母的心理健康状况是生命历程痛苦的重要预测因素，这种经历的异质性对应于独特的心理健康轨迹。

引用次数: 32

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