Pub Date : 2022-03-13DOI: 10.1080/17496535.2022.2042039
M. Buckridge, Jules Lowman, C. Leon
ABSTRACT In academic and political spaces, as well as in the dominant culture in the United States, sex workers are granted little authority, and their lived experiences are not privileged as a form of valuable knowledge. As feminist scholars, we seek to counter this pattern by highlighting the situated knowledges and agency of sex workers in the United States. To do so, we share the words of sex workers through I-poems. I-poems are a form of poetic inquiry and a method for qualitative research analysis. As a form of found poetry, these poems are constructed using only the words of the participants. Unlike prior scholars, we use focus groups that capture conversation about people involved in street-based sex work rather than individual interviews. By centering the participants’ own words, we hope to moderate our influence as researchers on the presentation of data.
{"title":"‘I’m Gonna Speak for Me’ I-Poems and the Situated Knowledges of Sex Workers","authors":"M. Buckridge, Jules Lowman, C. Leon","doi":"10.1080/17496535.2022.2042039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17496535.2022.2042039","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In academic and political spaces, as well as in the dominant culture in the United States, sex workers are granted little authority, and their lived experiences are not privileged as a form of valuable knowledge. As feminist scholars, we seek to counter this pattern by highlighting the situated knowledges and agency of sex workers in the United States. To do so, we share the words of sex workers through I-poems. I-poems are a form of poetic inquiry and a method for qualitative research analysis. As a form of found poetry, these poems are constructed using only the words of the participants. Unlike prior scholars, we use focus groups that capture conversation about people involved in street-based sex work rather than individual interviews. By centering the participants’ own words, we hope to moderate our influence as researchers on the presentation of data.","PeriodicalId":46151,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Social Welfare","volume":"16 1","pages":"214 - 218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42904933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-09DOI: 10.1080/17496535.2022.2042711
Annick Richterich
ABSTRACT Recent developments in care for people with mental health conditions of working age have been underpinned by the recovery approach. This paper critically reviews the idea of recovery concerning people with dementia and examines its applicability to living well with dementia. The paper critically reviews the literature relating to the use of the recovery approach for people with dementia, particularly in nursing care. A search was conducted of CINAHL, Cochrane, Science Direct, OVID and Wiley Online databases through the Auckland University of Technology library. The search was confined to the last 10 years of research. Using keywords ‘recovery’, ‘nursing’, ‘dementia’, ‘older adult’, ‘hope’, ‘identity’, ‘connectedness’, ‘empowerment’, ‘CHIME’ and ‘mental health’. The recovery approach shares many ideas with person-centred approaches to dementia care and themes were evaluated using key themes from CHIME, connectedness, hope, identity, meaning and empowerment. The paper concludes by suggesting that care for people with dementia that draws on ideas taken from the recovery approach would improve well-being for people with dementia and the people who care for them and that the CHIME themes are useful for considering care for people with dementia.
{"title":"Living Well with Dementia - Practitioner Approaches","authors":"Annick Richterich","doi":"10.1080/17496535.2022.2042711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17496535.2022.2042711","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Recent developments in care for people with mental health conditions of working age have been underpinned by the recovery approach. This paper critically reviews the idea of recovery concerning people with dementia and examines its applicability to living well with dementia. The paper critically reviews the literature relating to the use of the recovery approach for people with dementia, particularly in nursing care. A search was conducted of CINAHL, Cochrane, Science Direct, OVID and Wiley Online databases through the Auckland University of Technology library. The search was confined to the last 10 years of research. Using keywords ‘recovery’, ‘nursing’, ‘dementia’, ‘older adult’, ‘hope’, ‘identity’, ‘connectedness’, ‘empowerment’, ‘CHIME’ and ‘mental health’. The recovery approach shares many ideas with person-centred approaches to dementia care and themes were evaluated using key themes from CHIME, connectedness, hope, identity, meaning and empowerment. The paper concludes by suggesting that care for people with dementia that draws on ideas taken from the recovery approach would improve well-being for people with dementia and the people who care for them and that the CHIME themes are useful for considering care for people with dementia.","PeriodicalId":46151,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Social Welfare","volume":"16 1","pages":"332 - 341"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49252872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-09DOI: 10.1080/17496535.2022.2042038
Kate D’Adamo
ABSTRACT Too often, the power dynamics between a service provider and a client can contribute to a foundation that is difficult to overcome. For sex workers, seeking social services can be a fraught experience tinged in judgment, assumptions, and negative perceptions, even for the best-intentioned practitioner. This article asks the reader to re-consider a person trading sex not simply as a client seeking support, but as a peer - another healing professional with a skill set and unique offering that can mirror some of the best aspects of social work. Reframing professional, sexualized kink as a synecdoche of the broader industry, we can explore how sex workers offer a valuable and important space to clients, reform healing through somatic engagement, and possess a powerful skillset of nonjudgment and creativity that should be honored as a valuable strength. By re-shaping how we think about people who trade sex as peers engaged in healing work, service providers can begin to invert the power dynamics of service provision and find new avenues of seeing strengths, instead of stigmas, for sex workers.
{"title":"Kink as healing professional","authors":"Kate D’Adamo","doi":"10.1080/17496535.2022.2042038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17496535.2022.2042038","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Too often, the power dynamics between a service provider and a client can contribute to a foundation that is difficult to overcome. For sex workers, seeking social services can be a fraught experience tinged in judgment, assumptions, and negative perceptions, even for the best-intentioned practitioner. This article asks the reader to re-consider a person trading sex not simply as a client seeking support, but as a peer - another healing professional with a skill set and unique offering that can mirror some of the best aspects of social work. Reframing professional, sexualized kink as a synecdoche of the broader industry, we can explore how sex workers offer a valuable and important space to clients, reform healing through somatic engagement, and possess a powerful skillset of nonjudgment and creativity that should be honored as a valuable strength. By re-shaping how we think about people who trade sex as peers engaged in healing work, service providers can begin to invert the power dynamics of service provision and find new avenues of seeing strengths, instead of stigmas, for sex workers.","PeriodicalId":46151,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Social Welfare","volume":"104 2","pages":"206 - 213"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41296776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-06DOI: 10.1080/17496535.2022.2033292
N. Gesser
ABSTRACT A growing body of research demonstrates that peer support can facilitate drug use and mental health recovery and reduce health care costs. However, with few exceptions, peer support has not been systematically studied in the context of street-based sex trade, despite its potential benefits for this vulnerable population. This paper fills this gap by looking at the impact of peer support on 29 substance-use involved women formerly selling sex on the streets. Women were recruited for in-depth interviews from five recovery programmes for women with substance-use problems in a large metropolitan area in Northeast US. Results indicate that peer support can facilitate women's exit by providing a safe and accepting arena to share and normalise past experiences in the sex trade, serving as role models, and providing trustworthy advice. The findings emphasise the need for collaboration between peers and professionals in programmes that assist women exiting the sex trade; they also highlight providers’ limitations in interactions with exiting women, and stress the need for non-judgmental attention to women exiting the sex trade.
{"title":"‘[Peers Give] You Hope that You Can Change Too': Peers’ Helping Relationships for Women Exiting Street-based Sex Trade","authors":"N. Gesser","doi":"10.1080/17496535.2022.2033292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17496535.2022.2033292","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A growing body of research demonstrates that peer support can facilitate drug use and mental health recovery and reduce health care costs. However, with few exceptions, peer support has not been systematically studied in the context of street-based sex trade, despite its potential benefits for this vulnerable population. This paper fills this gap by looking at the impact of peer support on 29 substance-use involved women formerly selling sex on the streets. Women were recruited for in-depth interviews from five recovery programmes for women with substance-use problems in a large metropolitan area in Northeast US. Results indicate that peer support can facilitate women's exit by providing a safe and accepting arena to share and normalise past experiences in the sex trade, serving as role models, and providing trustworthy advice. The findings emphasise the need for collaboration between peers and professionals in programmes that assist women exiting the sex trade; they also highlight providers’ limitations in interactions with exiting women, and stress the need for non-judgmental attention to women exiting the sex trade.","PeriodicalId":46151,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Social Welfare","volume":"16 1","pages":"151 - 168"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47767603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-02DOI: 10.1080/17496535.2022.2044882
Koen Gevaert, S. Keinemans, R. Roose
ABSTRACT Social workers must often decide about priority at a case level, in a context of scarce resources. These decisions are disputable and controversial, which raises the question on what grounds are they made in practice. This article addresses that question through an empirical study of real-life case discussions in youth care in Flanders, the Dutch-speaking part of Belgium. Toulmin’s argumentation model is used to analyse the data. The study finds that most case discussions are processed in a rather technical manner. But where there is active deliberation, key incidents show that the decision-makers undertake active and personal interpretation of the situation at hand, and that they also take a personal stance on the criteria for assigning priority. In other words, their practice can be understood as a hermeneutical activity. The article’s main conclusion is that the prioritisation process illustrates the moral-political core that is present in any social work decision-making practice. As this moral-political core seems to be hidden most of the time behind a technical-rational approach, questions remain whether the professionals involved are aware that it characterises their own judgements and whether insights into its nature are stimulated.
{"title":"Prioritising Cases in Youth Care: An Empirical Study of Professionals’ Approaches to Argumentation","authors":"Koen Gevaert, S. Keinemans, R. Roose","doi":"10.1080/17496535.2022.2044882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17496535.2022.2044882","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Social workers must often decide about priority at a case level, in a context of scarce resources. These decisions are disputable and controversial, which raises the question on what grounds are they made in practice. This article addresses that question through an empirical study of real-life case discussions in youth care in Flanders, the Dutch-speaking part of Belgium. Toulmin’s argumentation model is used to analyse the data. The study finds that most case discussions are processed in a rather technical manner. But where there is active deliberation, key incidents show that the decision-makers undertake active and personal interpretation of the situation at hand, and that they also take a personal stance on the criteria for assigning priority. In other words, their practice can be understood as a hermeneutical activity. The article’s main conclusion is that the prioritisation process illustrates the moral-political core that is present in any social work decision-making practice. As this moral-political core seems to be hidden most of the time behind a technical-rational approach, questions remain whether the professionals involved are aware that it characterises their own judgements and whether insights into its nature are stimulated.","PeriodicalId":46151,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Social Welfare","volume":"16 1","pages":"380 - 395"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46611174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.1080/17496535.2022.2033397
Louise Blakley
ABSTRACT This article captures the learning I gained through the initial rejection of my NHS ethics application as a novice practitioner researcher in England. It explores my use of reflection, sensitive research guidelines and engagement of people with lived experience in becoming a more ethically informed researcher. The focus of the proposed research study, of which the ethics application relates, focused on the experience of Mental Health Act assessment by service users. This is a sensitive subject as it raises emotions and may produce distress. An overarching participatory approach was eventually used in this study, although the people with lived experience initially had no involvement in the ethics application process.
{"title":"Learning to Become a More Ethically Focused Practitioner Researcher: Developing Through the Research Ethics Process","authors":"Louise Blakley","doi":"10.1080/17496535.2022.2033397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17496535.2022.2033397","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article captures the learning I gained through the initial rejection of my NHS ethics application as a novice practitioner researcher in England. It explores my use of reflection, sensitive research guidelines and engagement of people with lived experience in becoming a more ethically informed researcher. The focus of the proposed research study, of which the ethics application relates, focused on the experience of Mental Health Act assessment by service users. This is a sensitive subject as it raises emotions and may produce distress. An overarching participatory approach was eventually used in this study, although the people with lived experience initially had no involvement in the ethics application process.","PeriodicalId":46151,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Social Welfare","volume":"16 1","pages":"322 - 331"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49100299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.1080/17496535.2022.2042040
Jamilah Watson
{"title":"Organizing for sex workers’ rights in Montreal: resistance and advocacy","authors":"Jamilah Watson","doi":"10.1080/17496535.2022.2042040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17496535.2022.2042040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46151,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Social Welfare","volume":"16 1","pages":"235 - 237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45602058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.1080/17496535.2022.2038229
Jante Schmidt
ABSTRACT The social work profession is committed to recognising the inherent dignity of humanity, as reflected in global and national ethical codes. The article shows what this commitment implies as a part of everyday ethics by developing the concept ‘dignity work’. Dignity work is an ongoing effortful moral activity social workers perform to promote the dignity of service-users. Social workers’ narratives, collected with professionals in the Netherlands, revealed that they do this mainly to counter welfare stigma. Welfare stigma currently forms the biggest threat to dignity as it defines people dependent on welfare arrangements and professional help as ‘undeserving’, questioning their worth as a person. Social workers perform three strategies of dignity work: affirming, equalising and including. With these practices they negotiate the self-sufficiency norm, dominant in the Dutch context, and try to counter ideas and feelings of undeservingness and worthlessness of clients. Their practices lay bare the working of ‘stigma power’ as social workers have no choice but to relate to welfare stigma daily. The analysis shows that the ethical is intertwined with the political. Studying dignity work in the context of austerity and welfare stigma reveals that otherwise seemingly ordinary everyday acts are morally and politically significant.
{"title":"Everyday Ethics of Dignity Work: What Social Workers Do to Promote the Dignity of Service-users in Times of Austerity Measures and Welfare Stigma","authors":"Jante Schmidt","doi":"10.1080/17496535.2022.2038229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17496535.2022.2038229","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The social work profession is committed to recognising the inherent dignity of humanity, as reflected in global and national ethical codes. The article shows what this commitment implies as a part of everyday ethics by developing the concept ‘dignity work’. Dignity work is an ongoing effortful moral activity social workers perform to promote the dignity of service-users. Social workers’ narratives, collected with professionals in the Netherlands, revealed that they do this mainly to counter welfare stigma. Welfare stigma currently forms the biggest threat to dignity as it defines people dependent on welfare arrangements and professional help as ‘undeserving’, questioning their worth as a person. Social workers perform three strategies of dignity work: affirming, equalising and including. With these practices they negotiate the self-sufficiency norm, dominant in the Dutch context, and try to counter ideas and feelings of undeservingness and worthlessness of clients. Their practices lay bare the working of ‘stigma power’ as social workers have no choice but to relate to welfare stigma daily. The analysis shows that the ethical is intertwined with the political. Studying dignity work in the context of austerity and welfare stigma reveals that otherwise seemingly ordinary everyday acts are morally and politically significant.","PeriodicalId":46151,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Social Welfare","volume":"16 1","pages":"306 - 321"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45279225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-16DOI: 10.1080/17496535.2022.2036789
Mark Smith
ABSTRACT In recent decades, a singular story that speaks of awful and endemic abuse in residential schools has assumed a status as normative truth. Schools run by religious orders attract particular opprobrium. A single story can act to totalise experiences and can occlude nuance and complexity in how we understand the past. Invariably, other stories are to be found submerged beneath any grand narrative that has been laid down. In the case of residential schools, these submerged stories belong to those children brought up in residential schools who do not recognise themselves in the dominant story. This article offers an account of life in a Scottish residential school run by a Catholic religious order. The author worked there over the course of the 1980s and has conducted life-history interviews with boys he looked after there. Their accounts offer a powerful counter narrative to the dominant story of the schools. The article proceeds to discuss the gulf between the two stories from a position of narrative inquiry. It cautions against attempts to judge the past from the vantage point of the present and calls for more finely grained and grounded approaches to social work history than are currently evident.
{"title":"Beyond a Single Story: Peripheral Histories of Boys Brought Up in a Residential School","authors":"Mark Smith","doi":"10.1080/17496535.2022.2036789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17496535.2022.2036789","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In recent decades, a singular story that speaks of awful and endemic abuse in residential schools has assumed a status as normative truth. Schools run by religious orders attract particular opprobrium. A single story can act to totalise experiences and can occlude nuance and complexity in how we understand the past. Invariably, other stories are to be found submerged beneath any grand narrative that has been laid down. In the case of residential schools, these submerged stories belong to those children brought up in residential schools who do not recognise themselves in the dominant story. This article offers an account of life in a Scottish residential school run by a Catholic religious order. The author worked there over the course of the 1980s and has conducted life-history interviews with boys he looked after there. Their accounts offer a powerful counter narrative to the dominant story of the schools. The article proceeds to discuss the gulf between the two stories from a position of narrative inquiry. It cautions against attempts to judge the past from the vantage point of the present and calls for more finely grained and grounded approaches to social work history than are currently evident.","PeriodicalId":46151,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Social Welfare","volume":"16 1","pages":"290 - 305"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41632336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-07DOI: 10.1080/17496535.2022.2033396
Ana Kapelj
ABSTRACT In this essay I present some of my thoughts on the issue of boundaries in the professional relationship between service users and social workers. As a graduate student of social work, I had an opportunity to discuss ethical dilemmas in an international perspective in one of my courses. A guest professor, who provided international perspectives, was Prof. Kim Strom from UNC at Chapel Hill in North Carolina, USA. The lectures offered a fresh perspective that raised many questions about thick and thin boundaries in social work – especially when approaching social work by following prevailing guidelines for social work in Slovenia requiring us to co-create solutions through dialogue with service users, keeping in mind that service users are actually the ones who are the experts from experience. In this way, the working relationship seeks to foster a sense of partnership between social workers and service users. In this essay I would like to challenge the idea of rigid boundaries in social work and explore the possibility of fluid boundaries, keeping in mind that boundaries should reflect their main purpose, which I believe is to protect human dignity.
{"title":"Professional Boundaries that Promote Dignity and Rights in Social Work Practice","authors":"Ana Kapelj","doi":"10.1080/17496535.2022.2033396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17496535.2022.2033396","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this essay I present some of my thoughts on the issue of boundaries in the professional relationship between service users and social workers. As a graduate student of social work, I had an opportunity to discuss ethical dilemmas in an international perspective in one of my courses. A guest professor, who provided international perspectives, was Prof. Kim Strom from UNC at Chapel Hill in North Carolina, USA. The lectures offered a fresh perspective that raised many questions about thick and thin boundaries in social work – especially when approaching social work by following prevailing guidelines for social work in Slovenia requiring us to co-create solutions through dialogue with service users, keeping in mind that service users are actually the ones who are the experts from experience. In this way, the working relationship seeks to foster a sense of partnership between social workers and service users. In this essay I would like to challenge the idea of rigid boundaries in social work and explore the possibility of fluid boundaries, keeping in mind that boundaries should reflect their main purpose, which I believe is to protect human dignity.","PeriodicalId":46151,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Social Welfare","volume":"16 1","pages":"450 - 456"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45174025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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