OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN HEALTH CARE最新文献

Adults with lower-limb (LL) amputation have difficulty dual-tasking which may elicit falls and is required for instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between dual-task performance, falls, and IADLs for Veterans with LL amputation. A cross-sectional study was completed with dual-task performance, retrospective fall reporting, and participation in IADLs. Dual-task performance varied across participants (n = 24) and although it was not significantly correlated to IADL participation, the relationships between dual-tasking, falls, and IADLs warrants further study to maximize dual-task training that can translate to everyday life.

Ostomy surgery is a life-saving procedure extending an individual's life span. However, the emotional impact can negatively influence body image and quality of life. This systematic review investigated the effectiveness of mental health interventions provided pre and/or post-operative to ostomates. Two reviewers independently screened 2,759 titles and abstracts and 377 full-text studies. Twelve studies met the criteria for inclusion. The findings indicate that ostomates of all ages and genders benefit from mental health interventions to improve function, body image, and psychological outcomes. Healthcare practitioners should incorporate body image management into rehabilitation to improve ostomates' quality of life.

Healing gardens are green spaces that support the interaction of humans and elements of nature to improve well-being and quality of life. However, little is known about healing garden use and outcomes in African countries. This study aimed to design a healing garden intervention and measure its impact on psychosocial factors and quality of life of residents and care staff within two residential aged care facilities in Lagos, Nigeria. Each facility's staff completed the psychosocial measurement tools by proxy for participants between ages 60 and 99, with or without dementia, at baseline and three months following interaction with the garden and completed the garden use observational survey to determine the effect on and use of the garden by care staff and residents. Results revealed an improvement in the quality of life and experiences of agitation but no beneficial change in depression among residents with and without dementia. Further, care staff reported a positive benefit of the garden on their work-life experience and the residents' well-being. This study provides the base for future research on assessing the impact of healing gardens on persons living with dementia in Africa.

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are a common cause of absentism and work disability. As work-related musculoskeletal disorders represent an increasingly important issue for occupational therapists, this study determined musculoskeletal disorders among occupational therapists in Turkey. A total of 238 occupational therapists participated and completed the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. As a result, 73.1% of participants reported experiencing neck pain and 72.3% reported experiencing low back pain at 12 months. Statistically significant differences were found between participants with and without work-related musculoskeletal disorders regarding gender, experience, workplace type, treatment, and daily working hours (p < 0.05). Occupational therapists may experience work-related musculoskeletal disorders due to not practicing proper body mechanics or non-provision of transferring equipment.

Occupational therapy's whole-person approach is well-suited to address the complex needs of children and youth with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). However, literature regarding best practices for occupational therapy practitioners working with this population is lacking. This article delineates the role and scope of occupational therapy practice for children and youth with FASD, focusing on holistic and strengths-based approaches. The value of occupational therapy practice is illustrated through application of the person-environment-occupation-performance model and case examples at key developmental stages. Understanding occupational therapy's scope of practice will support the growth of the profession's role and facilitate successful participation of children with FASD in everyday life.

Access to healthcare is a critical piece to health management for all people but for people with disability it may require knowledge and use of self-advocacy skills to request and receive equitable care. These skills empower clients and support overall health and well-being. Occupational therapy practitioners are uniquely trained to educate clients in self-advocacy skill development. However, there is little evidence of practitioners translating these approaches into practice. Thus, the purpose of this knowledge translation approach was to explore occupational therapist's perceptions of the clinical utility and acceptability of a novel self-advocacy intervention as a step toward intervention refinement for clinical use and future effectiveness research. Using qualitative methods, seven occupational therapists participated in semi-structured interviews after a two-month trial period using the self-advocacy intervention. Thematic analysis of interviews resulted in multiple elucidating insights that align to barriers and facilitators to intervention acceptability and utility. Barriers included length of stay, prioritization of goals, and patient's acceptance of disability. However, occupational therapists were able to deliver the intervention with a small group of patients supporting that the intervention holds promise for use in addressing client self-advocacy.

The aim of this project was to create an evidence-based learning media designed to address the behavior issues of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) with activities of daily living. Composed of two phases, the first phase used eight school based occupational therapists identify the challenge with daily tasks and behavior management strategies for intervention. After the data was analyzed, the learning media was developed and reviewed by the therapists, content experts and 90 parents of autistic children. The web-based education consists of: 1) problems affecting the ADL performance of children with ASD: eating, tooth brushing, dressing, and sleeping divided between behavioral and sensory challenge and 2) behavior management strategies were identified to enhance the ADL performance of children with ASD and included sensory integration, environmental, and behavior modification. Parent perspectives revealed that the learning media were easily understandable and simple to use, with suitable font, size, and color of the text, as well as appropriate user interaction.

Tabletop roleplaying games (TRPGs) are an increasingly popular occupation but are still relatively unknown to occupational therapists. This study sought to understand the overall experience, benefits, and consequences of playing TRPGs and the relationship to other occupations. A qualitative research design with a thematic analysis was employed using semi-structured interviews with fifteen participants who had played TRPGs. Participants ranged in age from 20 to 52 years old and six identified as female, eight as male and one as nonbinary. The researchers gleaned four themes which include: (1) Social Connection and Collaboration; (2) Occupational Participation; (3) Creativity; and (4) Societal Perceptions. This research highlights aspects of the game that people enjoy, and skills developed during gameplay translate outside of the game. It suggests possible therapeutic uses of TRPGs that should be validated with future research.

This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of parenting education for adolescent parents and its potential impact on their children's health and development. Only nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Results indicated that children of adolescent parents who received parenting education had better outcomes in academic achievement, emotional regulation, secure attachment styles, expressive language, and lower hospitalizations. Investing in parenting education may improve outcomes for children.