OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN HEALTH CARE最新文献

This study exploring the impact of everyday mothering occupations on maternal confidence may have implications for maternal wellbeing, with New Zealand mothers positioned as experts to rank the occupations that evoke feelings of maternal confidence. This study was investigating general mothering experiences, and therefore did not screen for mothers at risk. Delphi surveys were used as a facilitation technique to reach consensus. Participants (N = 7) were presented with a list of mothering occupations informed by literature and additional items previously identified by participants and asked to rank the items for their efficacy at evoking feelings of maternal confidence. A second ranking round was completed, following the collated response from the first ranking. Consensus was reached between surveys. The top nine of 47 items did not change their ranked positions and a list of the top mothering occupations for evoking maternal confidence, as ranked by a panel of mothers, was developed. This study found that mothers ranked co-occupations and watching their babies highly for evoking feelings of maternal confidence. The influence on maternal confidence of specific occupations and tasks demonstrates the potential value of occupational therapy input during the perinatal phase.

This study measured the effectiveness and feasibility of therapeutic drumming for autistic children, targeting the meaningful occupational components of authentic social and personal participation of children. A 6-week therapeutic drumming intervention was implemented interprofessionally in two early-childhood classrooms with ten autistic children (N = 10), ages two through six. Two outcome measures were completed pre- and post-intervention: the Behavior Assessment System for Children, Third Edition (BASC-3), the Social and Personal Relationship Scale (SPRS). Descriptive statistics on pre- and post-intervention mean scores were generated and Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to determine the areas where mean score changes were statistically significant. Significant differences were found between each component of the SPRS, and on two BASC-3 subsections (e.g. response to teacher, transition movement). Misalignment between language on the BASC-3 and neurodiversity affirming practice was identified as a notable limitation of the study. Feedback collected from lead facilitators regarding efficacy and implementation feasibility was collected via interview following the program. The implication of this pilot study provides preliminary evidence supporting the effectiveness and feasibility of therapeutic drumming, which must be further explored.

This project aimed to explore the experiences of occupational therapists working in a specialist orthopedic hospital. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with eight occupational therapists working with total hip replacement patients, in an orthopedic hospital within the United Kingdom National Health Service (NHS) as part of a service review project. The data was recorded and transcribed and analyzed using the Reflexive Thematic Analysis. Six themes emerged from the data; (1) pre-operative intervention should be provided for all THR procedures, (2) pre-operative occupational therapy is key to timely discharge, (3) patient education is an important part of pre-operative occupational therapy intervention, (4) predicting some patients' needs pre-operatively can be challenging, (5) certain patients need to have post-operative occupational therapy and (6) occupational therapists with greater experience are more confident to treat patients pre-operatively. Thus, occupational therapy appears to be key to facilitating the rapid discharge of total patients in the current climate of accelerated pathways of care, as a comprehensive pre-operative occupational therapy service reduces the need for post-operative intervention for certain patients.

Stroke causes diminished occupational participation from the acute phase, considerably impacting quality of life. We aimed to explore the experiences of diminished occupational participation among acute stroke survivors. We conducted a qualitative thematic analysis on interviews with 12 participants within 3 wk post-onset. Results identified four themes: (1) being at the mercy of uncertain physical recovery, (2) resistance to role loss, (3) disconnection from daily life, and (4) awareness of supporters. This study offers new insights for developing a rehabilitation approach that integrates an occupational perspective from the acute phase. It is important to addresses not only physical recovery, but also prioritize the restoration of meaningful occupational engagement, personal identity reconstruction, and continuity in daily life disrupted by stroke by closely monitoring their fluctuating emotions and promoting awareness of supporters may be effective strategies for client-centred occupational therapy in the acute phase.

Robot-assisted therapy, such as exoskeletons and soft robotics gloves, shows promise for stroke rehabilitation by improving upper limb function, although occupational therapists' clinical adoption remains limited. A scoping review was conducted to explore occupational therapists' perspectives regarding barriers, facilitators, and therapeutic impacts of robots. Seven studies with qualitative and mixed-method approaches were analyzed. Findings indicate that while initial skepticism can be overcome with training and hands-on exposure, technical challenges, and operational difficulties hinder usage. Organizational support and robust training emerge as critical factors to enhance the successful integration of robotics into stroke rehabilitation programs effectively.

This article describes an interprofessional, community-based fall prevention screening program informed by Kolb's Experiential Learning Theory and the Interprofessional Education Collaborative (IPEC) core competencies, which connects entry-level occupational therapy and physical therapy doctoral students with community-dwelling older adults using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) STEADI toolkit. Students work alongside healthcare professionals to assess fall risk, provide education, and offer personalized recommendations. Students reported an enhanced understanding of interprofessional collaboration and fall prevention strategies. The program bridges classroom learning with real-world applications, highlighting the value of experiential education, interprofessional teamwork, and community partnerships in addressing falls among older adults, a critical public health concern.

This case report presents a multifactorial intervention implemented by an occupational therapist during a 12-week program with specific goal set for a community-dwelling older adult in a frail condition. The participant was a 70-year-old underweight male who exhibited signs of frailty. He participated in individual sessions focused primarily on consultations for 90 min once a week over a three-month period. Changes in physical functions, as well as frailty-related assessments, were evaluated at the initial, mid-term, and final stages. The intervention involved collaboration with a multidisciplinary team to address exercise, nutrition, and social participation, with the long-term goal of "taking a train to visit family in the neighboring prefecture." The results indicated the program led to improvements in physical functions, including weight gain, improved results of walking test, and enhanced nutritional status, all of which contributed to a better frailty score. Additionally, there was an increase in social participation opportunities supporting the long-term goal. This study shows setting specific goal in participation level and multidisciplinary approach were important and a top-down approach by the occupational therapist indicated to be effective.

This retrospective chart review of inpatient occupational therapy patients from a pediatric acute care hospital examined occupational therapy dosing and the association between demographic and diagnoses variables and service recommendations. Having multiple diagnoses was associated with weekly/biweekly occupational therapy recommendations (OR = 2.59; 95% CI, 1.65-4.05) verses one diagnosis. Patients with visual issues had 33% decreased odds of receiving higher frequency recommendations (OR = 0.67; 95% CI, 0.49-0.99). Consistent occupational therapy services were recommended with multiple therapy diagnoses. This study provides additional information to occupational therapy providers to consider when making dosing recommendations.

This cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between meaningful activities and frailty, including pre-frailty, among older adults in rural Japan. Data from 1,018 participants aged 65 years or older were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression. Among the entire sample, the presence of meaningful activities was significantly associated with lower odds of both pre-frailty and frailty. Additionally, both higher performance and satisfaction with meaningful activities were associated with reduced odds of frailty-related outcomes. These findings underscore the role of meaningful activities in promoting healthy aging. Tailored occupational therapy interventions enhancing engagement in meaningful activities may help prevent frailty, particularly in rural settings.

Home assessments are within the domain of occupational therapy and therefore, often an assignment with the occupational therapy curriculum. While such assessments are best completed in-person, the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions provided an opportunity for the exploration of virtual home assessments. As an experiential learning experience, 29 s-year occupational therapy students completed home assessments both in-person and virtually using telehealth technology. Reflective worksheets and small group discussions provided the students with opportunities to share their perceptions of the skills obtained through the experience, including professional reasoning, telehealth assessment, and rapport building. Virtual home assessments support skill development in home assessments and telehealth.