OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN HEALTH CARE最新文献

This study aimed to identify the functional priorities of parents/guardians of Brazilian children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) and to examine possible variations in priorities concerning different age groups and functional classifications. This cross-sectional study included 171 children with CP (mean age: 7.68 ± 3.32 years). The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure was administered to the families to identify functional priorities. Among the 740 functional priorities identified, activities of daily living (ADLs) were the most frequent, followed by priorities related to body functions, motor skills, and play. The functional priorities were similar across different functional levels and age groups.

Individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) experience and live with physiological, psychological, and social impacts of their injury throughout their lives, including changes in one's sense of personal identity. This qualitative multiple-case study examines the lived experiences of four individuals living with brain injuries and how participation in occupation-based community programming interacts with post-injury sense of self. Study data reveal a dynamic relationship between occupational participation and personal identity that suggests ongoing post-acute occupational therapy services can support recovery including aspects of identity reformation.

This exploratory study explored second-year students' experience with reflective activities in a Canadian Master's in Occupation Therapy program. A survey and follow-up interviews were conducted to examine multiple perspectives and the influences of reflective activities on students. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson Chi-Square, and thematic analysis. Findings revealed that reflections on personal or societal perspectives were perceived to be more beneficial than reflections on clinical simulations. Three themes emerged: (1) key elements influencing the reflective experience, (2) diverse experiences of reflective activity, and (3) the perceived outcomes resulting from positive reflective experiences. This study highlights the significance of reflective activities in occupational therapy education and identifies key elements that shape students' experiences with reflective activities.

As adequate sleep is an indicator of healthy aging, it is of concern that in India, the prevalence of sleep disorders is significant among older women. Using a qualitative approach, we aimed to understand how older Indian women perceive, engage in, and experience sleep and the factors influencing their sleep. Eight urban-residing older women from a southern Indian district were interviewed. Three main themes emerged: perceptions about sleep and sleep disturbances, causes and consequences of disturbed sleep, and sleep practices. Results may guide contextually relevant occupational assessments and interventions to support good sleep and healthy aging of this vulnerable population.

The purpose of this paper is to propose the Intentional and Attuned Therapeutic Relationship Model as a means to emphasize an intentional and attuned therapeutic relationship among the therapist, autistic child, and their caregiver. Neurodiversity-affirming practice is strengths-based, collaborative, and inclusive of the needs and goals of the autistic child and their caregiver. As this necessitates reevaluating occupational therapy models of care delivered to autistic children, this paper provides a brief review of sensory processing and emotional regulation; discusses the Intentional Relationship Model and the phenomenon of attunement, respectively; and proposes the Intentional and Attuned Therapeutic Relationship Model, which combines elements of the Intentional Relationship Model and attunement to develop the therapeutic relationship in alignment with the neurodiversity-affirming paradigm.

Individuals with type II diabetes are at risk of serious medical complications, which require daily patterns of health management. A single group, pre-post study was conducted to determine the impact of a new, brief occupational therapy foot care program for undeserved older adults with prediabetes or type II diabetes (n = 19). Culturally responsive, in-person programming included two one-hour modules of educational videos and guided practice with foot care equipment under the supervision of a licensed occupational therapist. Using a researcher-developed questionnaire, knowledge regarding the regularity of assessing feet and lifestyle factors associated with diabetes increased post-intervention. An upward positive trend was observed with all questions posed, and a statistically significant increase in satisfaction regarding routine associated with diabetes was observed (p = 0.013). Results suggest the utility of a brief foot care program to address diabetes-related outcomes and the health management implications of social connectedness.

The aim of this study was to understand first-time mothers' experience of caring for their preterm infant in an Indian context using a descriptive qualitative design. Six first-time mothers of preterm infants were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. Thematic analysis revealed the overarching theme of "striving to be a mother to an infant with special needs," with three categories: contextual constraints at the hospital and home, mothers' personal limitations and coping strategies. The study findings highlight the importance of recognizing and addressing the unique needs of first-time mothers of preterm infants.

The Sensory Processing Measure, second edition (SPM-2), is an American assessment guiding person-centered sensory processing interventions, but it lacks Swedish adaptation for occupational therapists. In eight phases, this study translated the SPM-2 into Swedish and assessed its face validity and preliminary psychometric properties, including internal consistency and inter-scale/item correlations. The findings suggest the Swedish SPM-2 is valid and reliable, although the Social Participation scale showed weak internal consistency. A larger normative study (N = 130) is needed before clinical use.

This study describes factors influencing occupational therapists' implementation of mobile applications into driving rehabilitation post-stroke. A qualitative descriptive design was used to analyze interview data from twenty (n = 20) occupational therapists working in stroke rehabilitation. Key factors include awareness of emerging applications, workplace technology policies, patient impairment levels and technological proficiency, and the involvement of caregivers in patient training. The ability to observe cognitive-perceptual abilities when utilizing mobile applications provided key insights into patient progress. Further investigation is necessary to explore methods for remotely monitoring outcomes in driving rehabilitation.

This scoping review synthesizes the literature related to the experiences of ableism for occupational therapists and occupational therapy students with disabilities. It was conducted across peer-reviewed published academic literature using seven health sciences databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Scopus, EMBASE, HealthSTAR, Web of Science). Our search, without date restrictions, was conducted up to July 2024 and yielded fifteen articles. Four themes emerged: (1) social/interpersonal experiences of ableism; (2) environmental barriers in occupational therapy education or workplace settings; (3) adaptive responses to institutional and interpersonal ableism; and (4) social advantages of disability. These findings contribute to effectively meeting the competency of equity and justice within the 2019 Position Statement of the World Federation of Occupational Therapists. The findings can help to inform discussions about improving equity, diversity, and inclusion within the occupational therapy profession by raising awareness of how professional inequities may affect equity-deserving groups.