Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1215/07990537-10461944
Tobias Warner
Abstract:Annette K. Joseph-Gabriel's Reimagining Liberation: How Black Women Transformed Citizenship in the French Empire (2020) models the critical possibilities of attending to the overlooked records of Black women's political imaginations. This discussion essay explores what happens if we extend Joseph-Gabriel's recuperative method past the 1960s and into the early independence era. No one would call the Senegalese novelist Mariama Bâ overlooked, and yet Bâ herself has often been absent from her own reception history. One understudied archive for Bâ is a biography of the novelist written by her daughter Mame Coumba Ndiaye. Harmonizing with Joseph-Gabriel's notion of decolonial citizenship, this essay asks how the stakes of Bâ's work shift if we read her alongside Ndiaye's overlooked text. While Black women of Bâ's generation may have been more likely to be widely recognized than those explored in Reimagining Liberation, their political imaginations have sometimes been misconstrued as nationalist in ways that obscure their articulation through the transnational feminist networks that sustained them.
{"title":"Decolonizing the Married Woman","authors":"Tobias Warner","doi":"10.1215/07990537-10461944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/07990537-10461944","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Annette K. Joseph-Gabriel's Reimagining Liberation: How Black Women Transformed Citizenship in the French Empire (2020) models the critical possibilities of attending to the overlooked records of Black women's political imaginations. This discussion essay explores what happens if we extend Joseph-Gabriel's recuperative method past the 1960s and into the early independence era. No one would call the Senegalese novelist Mariama Bâ overlooked, and yet Bâ herself has often been absent from her own reception history. One understudied archive for Bâ is a biography of the novelist written by her daughter Mame Coumba Ndiaye. Harmonizing with Joseph-Gabriel's notion of decolonial citizenship, this essay asks how the stakes of Bâ's work shift if we read her alongside Ndiaye's overlooked text. While Black women of Bâ's generation may have been more likely to be widely recognized than those explored in Reimagining Liberation, their political imaginations have sometimes been misconstrued as nationalist in ways that obscure their articulation through the transnational feminist networks that sustained them.","PeriodicalId":46163,"journal":{"name":"Small Axe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79134090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1215/07990537-10461929
Shanna Jean-Baptiste
Abstract:This essay explores the decolonial future imagined by the Black women who make up Annette K. Joseph-Gabriel's Reimagining Liberation: How Black Women Transformed Citizenship in the French Empire (2020). A much-needed project of historical redress, Joseph-Gabriel's study proposes the concept "decolonial citizenship" as a framework to tackle the archival and scholarly invisibility of Black women's contributions to decolonial movements and their espousing new ways of belonging that are grounded in practices, geographies, epistemologies, and communities that persist despite the French colonial orb. This essay argues that the contemporary Afrofeminist movement in France's fight for Black liberation and articulations of new forms of belonging point to the continued discontents of the country's Black population with the universalist pretenses of the French republic.
摘要:本文探讨了安妮特·约瑟夫·加布里埃尔(Annette K. Joseph-Gabriel)的《重新想象解放:黑人女性如何在法兰西帝国转变公民身份》(2020)一书中所描绘的非殖民化未来。作为一个急需的历史纠正项目，约瑟夫-加布里埃尔的研究提出了“非殖民化公民身份”的概念，作为一个框架来解决黑人妇女对非殖民化运动的贡献的档案和学术隐形，以及她们支持的新的归属方式，这些方式基于实践、地理、认识论和社区，尽管法国殖民统治仍然存在。本文认为，当代法国为黑人解放而进行的非洲女权主义运动，以及对新形式归属的阐述，表明了该国黑人对法兰西共和国普遍主义伪装的持续不满。
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Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1215/07990537-10461885
Guno Jones
Abstract:Through a close reading of Anton de Kom's Wij slaven van Suriname (We Slaves of Suriname), this essay explores the complex legal, symbolic, social, and political lives of differentially positioned humans in the Dutch colonial and postindependent context. Firstly, De Kom's 1934 book reveals the fundamental dualism between legal subjects and rightless bodies in the Dutch colonial context and how European law and the rights of citizens enabled the maximum exploitation of colonized and enslaved bodies. Contrary to universalist-inclusive and progressive notions of legal citizenship and the law, the concept of what the author terms "citizenship violence" seems appropriate to appreciate the dynamics revealed in Wij slaven. However, as De Kom demonstrates, the colonized were not passive subjects; they resisted citizenship violence in multiple ways. Secondly, in discussing the racialization of citizenship and belonging in contemporary Dutch society as part of broader European patterns, the essay highlights some ominous colonial afterlives.
{"title":"Citizenship Violence and the Afterlives of Dutch Colonialism: Rereading Anton de Kom","authors":"Guno Jones","doi":"10.1215/07990537-10461885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/07990537-10461885","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Through a close reading of Anton de Kom's Wij slaven van Suriname (We Slaves of Suriname), this essay explores the complex legal, symbolic, social, and political lives of differentially positioned humans in the Dutch colonial and postindependent context. Firstly, De Kom's 1934 book reveals the fundamental dualism between legal subjects and rightless bodies in the Dutch colonial context and how European law and the rights of citizens enabled the maximum exploitation of colonized and enslaved bodies. Contrary to universalist-inclusive and progressive notions of legal citizenship and the law, the concept of what the author terms \"citizenship violence\" seems appropriate to appreciate the dynamics revealed in Wij slaven. However, as De Kom demonstrates, the colonized were not passive subjects; they resisted citizenship violence in multiple ways. Secondly, in discussing the racialization of citizenship and belonging in contemporary Dutch society as part of broader European patterns, the essay highlights some ominous colonial afterlives.","PeriodicalId":46163,"journal":{"name":"Small Axe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87516542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1215/07990537-10461800
Tohru Nakamura
Abstract:This essay argues that George Lamming's In the Castle of My Skin presents an aesthetic quest into an alternative Caribbean subjecthood built on the capacity of feeling. Studying various dimensions of affectivity along with what Raymond Williams called "structures of feeling," it examines the feeling of "my people" in its "dominant," "residual," and "emergent" dimensions. The author considers first how the dominant image of "my people" as "the enemy" gains consent from the characters and supports the hegemony of the ruling class. He then explores the African past illustrated in the haunted dream of Pa as the residual aspect of "my people" and the characters' negative feelings toward it. Finally, taking Trumper's Pan-African vision of "my people" as an emergent cultural form, the author analyzes how the novel shows the ways in which the form falls short of what Lamming identifies as "the peasant sensibility," a Caribbean tradition of feeling toward the land.
{"title":"Peasant Sensibility and the Structures of Feeling of \"My People\" in George Lamming's In the Castle of My Skin","authors":"Tohru Nakamura","doi":"10.1215/07990537-10461800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/07990537-10461800","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This essay argues that George Lamming's In the Castle of My Skin presents an aesthetic quest into an alternative Caribbean subjecthood built on the capacity of feeling. Studying various dimensions of affectivity along with what Raymond Williams called \"structures of feeling,\" it examines the feeling of \"my people\" in its \"dominant,\" \"residual,\" and \"emergent\" dimensions. The author considers first how the dominant image of \"my people\" as \"the enemy\" gains consent from the characters and supports the hegemony of the ruling class. He then explores the African past illustrated in the haunted dream of Pa as the residual aspect of \"my people\" and the characters' negative feelings toward it. Finally, taking Trumper's Pan-African vision of \"my people\" as an emergent cultural form, the author analyzes how the novel shows the ways in which the form falls short of what Lamming identifies as \"the peasant sensibility,\" a Caribbean tradition of feeling toward the land.","PeriodicalId":46163,"journal":{"name":"Small Axe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76876844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1215/07990537-10461785
Sasha Ann Panaram
Abstract:So many Black revolutionaries lived with and died from cancer. How did they make sense of their vulnerability when confronted with this illness? How did they balance fighting for the world and for themselves? When modern medicine could neither ameliorate their pain nor eliminate the disease, to whom did they turn for support? This essay centers letters from 1989 to 1990 that Andaiye sent to Audre Lorde shortly after they met at the Caribbean Association for Feminist Research and Action conference in 1988. Drawing on these letters, a tribute titled "Sister Survivor" that Andaiye wrote for Lorde following her death, a copy of A Burst of Light that Lorde sent to Andaiye, and Black feminist scholarship on how listening constitutes care work, the author explores what Andaiye and Lorde taught each other about the possibilities for living with cancer and listening across differences.
{"title":"Andaiye and Audre Lorde's Black Transnational Sisterhood; or, \"I Want You in This World\"","authors":"Sasha Ann Panaram","doi":"10.1215/07990537-10461785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/07990537-10461785","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:So many Black revolutionaries lived with and died from cancer. How did they make sense of their vulnerability when confronted with this illness? How did they balance fighting for the world and for themselves? When modern medicine could neither ameliorate their pain nor eliminate the disease, to whom did they turn for support? This essay centers letters from 1989 to 1990 that Andaiye sent to Audre Lorde shortly after they met at the Caribbean Association for Feminist Research and Action conference in 1988. Drawing on these letters, a tribute titled \"Sister Survivor\" that Andaiye wrote for Lorde following her death, a copy of A Burst of Light that Lorde sent to Andaiye, and Black feminist scholarship on how listening constitutes care work, the author explores what Andaiye and Lorde taught each other about the possibilities for living with cancer and listening across differences.","PeriodicalId":46163,"journal":{"name":"Small Axe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86142903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1215/07990537-10211850
Natalie Catasús
Abstract:While scholarship on Suzanne Césaire has illuminated the critical role of ecopoetics in her writing, the strong psychoanalytic resonances that underpin her theory of Caribbean aesthetics and identity remain underexplored. This essay suggests that these resonances must be read alongside her reflections on aesthetics—specifically, the relationship between art and nature—in order to elucidate a fuller picture of Césaire's ecopoetic theory of Caribbean subject formation. The author examines Césaire's writing on art and civilization within the context of her explicit engagement with surrealism and her more camouflaged engagement with Freudian psychoanalysis. Taken together, these threads reveal Césaire's vision of Caribbean art as a collaborative rather than conquest-oriented relation between the self and the environment. The essay ultimately argues that Césaire's investigations of aesthetics, visuality, and psychoanalysis led her to an ecologically grounded theory of Caribbean subject formation articulated through her vision of a totalité-vie (life-totality) that is accessed through artistic production.
{"title":"Mimicking Seas and Malefic Mirrors in Suzanne Césaire: An Ecopoetic Theory of Caribbean Subjectivity","authors":"Natalie Catasús","doi":"10.1215/07990537-10211850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/07990537-10211850","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:While scholarship on Suzanne Césaire has illuminated the critical role of ecopoetics in her writing, the strong psychoanalytic resonances that underpin her theory of Caribbean aesthetics and identity remain underexplored. This essay suggests that these resonances must be read alongside her reflections on aesthetics—specifically, the relationship between art and nature—in order to elucidate a fuller picture of Césaire's ecopoetic theory of Caribbean subject formation. The author examines Césaire's writing on art and civilization within the context of her explicit engagement with surrealism and her more camouflaged engagement with Freudian psychoanalysis. Taken together, these threads reveal Césaire's vision of Caribbean art as a collaborative rather than conquest-oriented relation between the self and the environment. The essay ultimately argues that Césaire's investigations of aesthetics, visuality, and psychoanalysis led her to an ecologically grounded theory of Caribbean subject formation articulated through her vision of a totalité-vie (life-totality) that is accessed through artistic production.","PeriodicalId":46163,"journal":{"name":"Small Axe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80712920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1215/07990537-10211892
Luis Othoniel Rosa
Abstract:This essay studies how the writings and praxis of loud-reading in tobacco factories of the Puerto Rican anarcha-feminist Luisa Capetillo (1882–1922) exemplifies what can be called a "pedagogy of unruliness." This hypothesis is that unruliness is a teachable form of knowledge irreducible to the modern conceptualization of "power/knowledge." The essay examines how in Capetillo's writings knowledge, intelligence, and literature become something else through a pedagogical praxis, a "stealing" of knowledge from the institutions of power. It compares Capetillo's praxis with the theoretical texts of Paulo Freire, Ángel Rama, Ivan Illich, and Jacques Ranciere. It also supports work on the increasing bibliography about Capetillo's literary and political innovations.
{"title":"Luisa Capetillo and the Pedagogy of Unruliness","authors":"Luis Othoniel Rosa","doi":"10.1215/07990537-10211892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/07990537-10211892","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This essay studies how the writings and praxis of loud-reading in tobacco factories of the Puerto Rican anarcha-feminist Luisa Capetillo (1882–1922) exemplifies what can be called a \"pedagogy of unruliness.\" This hypothesis is that unruliness is a teachable form of knowledge irreducible to the modern conceptualization of \"power/knowledge.\" The essay examines how in Capetillo's writings knowledge, intelligence, and literature become something else through a pedagogical praxis, a \"stealing\" of knowledge from the institutions of power. It compares Capetillo's praxis with the theoretical texts of Paulo Freire, Ángel Rama, Ivan Illich, and Jacques Ranciere. It also supports work on the increasing bibliography about Capetillo's literary and political innovations.","PeriodicalId":46163,"journal":{"name":"Small Axe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83407244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1215/07990537-10211765
B. Wallace
Abstract:This essay reflects on Laurie Lambert's study Comrade Sister: Caribbean Feminist Revisions of the Grenada Revolution (2020), which investigates contemporary Caribbean literary reimaginings of the Grenadian Revolution and makes visible how that history impacts Grenada today. Comrade Sister asks readers to wrestle with historical ghosts and uncomfortable truths that undergird liberation movements, including Grenada's. For Lambert, those ghosts manifest as ancestral knowledge. This essay explores ancestral knowledge as an ontological project that, at its core, is concerned with pushing-into-consciousness revolutionary narratives that have been forgotten, hidden, or overlooked because they were produced outside of or do not align with revolutionary rhetoric and official accounts. By retrieving what has been lost, ancestral knowledge demonstrates how revolutionary tales can be told another way and, thus, how revolutions can be enacted differently.
{"title":"Pushed into Consciousness","authors":"B. Wallace","doi":"10.1215/07990537-10211765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/07990537-10211765","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This essay reflects on Laurie Lambert's study Comrade Sister: Caribbean Feminist Revisions of the Grenada Revolution (2020), which investigates contemporary Caribbean literary reimaginings of the Grenadian Revolution and makes visible how that history impacts Grenada today. Comrade Sister asks readers to wrestle with historical ghosts and uncomfortable truths that undergird liberation movements, including Grenada's. For Lambert, those ghosts manifest as ancestral knowledge. This essay explores ancestral knowledge as an ontological project that, at its core, is concerned with pushing-into-consciousness revolutionary narratives that have been forgotten, hidden, or overlooked because they were produced outside of or do not align with revolutionary rhetoric and official accounts. By retrieving what has been lost, ancestral knowledge demonstrates how revolutionary tales can be told another way and, thus, how revolutions can be enacted differently.","PeriodicalId":46163,"journal":{"name":"Small Axe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77648672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1215/07990537-10211695
Beatriz Llenín-Figueroa
Abstract:Luisa Capetillo's revolutionary power was recognized in her time by allies and detractors alike, both in Puerto Rico and abroad. The scarcely examined archive of Puerto Rican and US-based newspaper coverage between 1911 and 1913 shows the significance of Capetillo's gesta (heroic feat) and gestos (gestures, movements), offering a powerful trace of her subversive walks and an instance of her own argument. Through her deliberately clothed and performed walks—as part of worker-led and anarchist manifestations and, on her own, as a de facto feminist statement—Luisa Capetillo became/was becoming an other woman. Not a single acera (sidewalk) or calle (street), nor any protest in the archipelago taking the form of a walk against power, has ever been the same after Luisa and her faldapantalón (skirt-pant). Attempting to reflect this premise, this essay traverses, on dreamy foot and bilingually, the author's past-and-present walking duermevelas with Luisa alongside the newspaper archive.
{"title":"Walking Duermevelas with Luisa","authors":"Beatriz Llenín-Figueroa","doi":"10.1215/07990537-10211695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/07990537-10211695","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Luisa Capetillo's revolutionary power was recognized in her time by allies and detractors alike, both in Puerto Rico and abroad. The scarcely examined archive of Puerto Rican and US-based newspaper coverage between 1911 and 1913 shows the significance of Capetillo's gesta (heroic feat) and gestos (gestures, movements), offering a powerful trace of her subversive walks and an instance of her own argument. Through her deliberately clothed and performed walks—as part of worker-led and anarchist manifestations and, on her own, as a de facto feminist statement—Luisa Capetillo became/was becoming an other woman. Not a single acera (sidewalk) or calle (street), nor any protest in the archipelago taking the form of a walk against power, has ever been the same after Luisa and her faldapantalón (skirt-pant). Attempting to reflect this premise, this essay traverses, on dreamy foot and bilingually, the author's past-and-present walking duermevelas with Luisa alongside the newspaper archive.","PeriodicalId":46163,"journal":{"name":"Small Axe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91184795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1215/07990537-10211751
Randi K. Gill-Sadler
Abstract:This review essay on Laurie R. Lambert's Comrade Sister: Caribbean Feminist Revisions of the Revolution (2020) considers the narrative and rhetorical strategies that Black women political figures use in their memoirs to represent US imperial presence and violence in the aftermath of the Grenada Revolution. As it highlights Lambert's attention to Joan Purcell's truncated temporal framing of the Grenada Revolution, the essay offers a close reading of Phyllis Coard's memoir to elaborate the significance of temporality in literary representations of the revolution and to question how the memoir as a genre both elaborates and dulls trauma. Rather than emphasize and celebrate the exceptional quality of Black women political figures and their careers, the essay points to a close reading practice that more seriously considers Black womanhood and empire.
{"title":"The Minister of Mercy Is a Homegirl","authors":"Randi K. Gill-Sadler","doi":"10.1215/07990537-10211751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/07990537-10211751","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This review essay on Laurie R. Lambert's Comrade Sister: Caribbean Feminist Revisions of the Revolution (2020) considers the narrative and rhetorical strategies that Black women political figures use in their memoirs to represent US imperial presence and violence in the aftermath of the Grenada Revolution. As it highlights Lambert's attention to Joan Purcell's truncated temporal framing of the Grenada Revolution, the essay offers a close reading of Phyllis Coard's memoir to elaborate the significance of temporality in literary representations of the revolution and to question how the memoir as a genre both elaborates and dulls trauma. Rather than emphasize and celebrate the exceptional quality of Black women political figures and their careers, the essay points to a close reading practice that more seriously considers Black womanhood and empire.","PeriodicalId":46163,"journal":{"name":"Small Axe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86632791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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