Pub Date : 1999-09-01DOI: 10.1163/9789004270329_006
M. Pittaway
This chapter demonstrates that 'hegemonic' factory regimes, characterised by a high degree of cooperation between at least a core of the workforce and management, dominated industry in the Stalinist years, as much as they were to characterise the conditions of production in a climate of economic reform. Furthermore, it shows that they emerged from economic tensions created by the Stalinist state and by worker responses to them. An examination of how such 'hegemonic' factory regimes arose suggests a major revision of the traditional image of Stalinism as collectivist. The state attempted to use systems of remuneration on the shop floor to bind workers to the goals of the plan. These systems of remuneration were individual rather than collective, suggesting that at the heart of classical central planning lay an apparent paradox between institutional centralisation and a high degree of individualisation at the point of production. Keywords: economic reform; hegemonic factory regimes; industrial wage relation; institutionalisation; social identity; Stalinist Hungary; Stalinist years
{"title":"The social limits of state control: Time, the industrial wage relation and social identity in Stalinist Hungary, 1948-1953","authors":"M. Pittaway","doi":"10.1163/9789004270329_006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004270329_006","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter demonstrates that 'hegemonic' factory regimes, characterised by a high degree of cooperation between at least a core of the workforce and management, dominated industry in the Stalinist years, as much as they were to characterise the conditions of production in a climate of economic reform. Furthermore, it shows that they emerged from economic tensions created by the Stalinist state and by worker responses to them. An examination of how such 'hegemonic' factory regimes arose suggests a major revision of the traditional image of Stalinism as collectivist. The state attempted to use systems of remuneration on the shop floor to bind workers to the goals of the plan. These systems of remuneration were individual rather than collective, suggesting that at the heart of classical central planning lay an apparent paradox between institutional centralisation and a high degree of individualisation at the point of production. Keywords: economic reform; hegemonic factory regimes; industrial wage relation; institutionalisation; social identity; Stalinist Hungary; Stalinist years","PeriodicalId":46194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Sociology","volume":"12 1","pages":"94-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64517179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As in various parts of the Western Hemisphere, the indigenous population of eastern Brazil has increased rapidly in recent decades. Based on over fifty in-depth interviews that I conducted with eastern Indians and the twelve months I spent living in their households and communities between 1994 and 1997, I discovered that much of this demographic phenomenon has been fueled by increasing numbers of individuals self-identifying as Indian who had not always identified as such or their parents had not identified as Indian. A number of lay people and scholars have argued that this shift in the direction of racial formation has been driven by state induced material incentives. Yet my ethnographic data, which I detail in great depth in this article, suggests that in terms of the material factors responsible for Indian resurgence that the state’s sticks have been a much more significant variable than the state’s racializing carrots. In other words, I found that the fundamental change in state practices in eastern Brazil has been in the drastic reduction of the costs of being Indian. Thus I posit and demonstrate how one of the primary variables behind this demographic shift has been the reduction of state led and sanctioned anti-Indian violence in eastern Brazil.
{"title":"The State of Indian Exorcism: Violence and Racial Formation in Eastern Brazil","authors":"Jonathan W. Warren","doi":"10.1111/1467-6443.00074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6443.00074","url":null,"abstract":"As in various parts of the Western Hemisphere, the indigenous population of eastern Brazil has increased rapidly in recent decades. Based on over fifty in-depth interviews that I conducted with eastern Indians and the twelve months I spent living in their households and communities between 1994 and 1997, I discovered that much of this demographic phenomenon has been fueled by increasing numbers of individuals self-identifying as Indian who had not always identified as such or their parents had not identified as Indian. A number of lay people and scholars have argued that this shift in the direction of racial formation has been driven by state induced material incentives. Yet my ethnographic data, which I detail in great depth in this article, suggests that in terms of the material factors responsible for Indian resurgence that the state’s sticks have been a much more significant variable than the state’s racializing carrots. In other words, I found that the fundamental change in state practices in eastern Brazil has been in the drastic reduction of the costs of being Indian. Thus I posit and demonstrate how one of the primary variables behind this demographic shift has been the reduction of state led and sanctioned anti-Indian violence in eastern Brazil.","PeriodicalId":46194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Sociology","volume":"11 1","pages":"492-518"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"1998-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/1467-6443.00074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62595359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article, the author asks: How has the legacy of E.P. Thompson helped shape the emergence of Social History in the United States? How have ideas about race, gender and empire, largely absent from Thompson’s work, been incorporated in writing on labor, immigration, and American exceptionalism? Is it now possible to synthesize race, class, and gender? Or, have histories based on class analysis so elided race and gender that such grafting has been foreclosed? With a bit of gossip here, a gesture to historiography there, and as little charm as possible, the author wonders: Is there any justice for “the Subaltern” in this profession? Or, is it just another “Organization Man” gone West?
{"title":"Class, Culture and Empire: E. P. Thompson and the Making of Social History","authors":"Robert S. Gregg","doi":"10.1111/1467-6443.00072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6443.00072","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the author asks: How has the legacy of E.P. Thompson helped shape the emergence of Social History in the United States? How have ideas about race, gender and empire, largely absent from Thompson’s work, been incorporated in writing on labor, immigration, and American exceptionalism? Is it now possible to synthesize race, class, and gender? Or, have histories based on class analysis so elided race and gender that such grafting has been foreclosed? With a bit of gossip here, a gesture to historiography there, and as little charm as possible, the author wonders: Is there any justice for “the Subaltern” in this profession? Or, is it just another “Organization Man” gone West?","PeriodicalId":46194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Sociology","volume":"11 1","pages":"419-460"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"1998-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/1467-6443.00072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62595285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article focuses on a political controversy which occurred in Ibadan, a city in south-western Nigeria, during 1939. At face value, the contentious issue was a particular design of damask cloth. Ruth Watson suggests that the controversy was actually far more complex and argues that it cannot be understood unless one develops an historical reading of political culture in the city. This reading explores the cultural/symbolic meanings of political practices and how, at certain times, these practices served to generate material forms of civic power.
{"title":"The Cloth of Field of Gold: Material Culture and Civic Power in Colonial Ibadan","authors":"R. Watson","doi":"10.1111/1467-6443.00073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6443.00073","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on a political controversy which occurred in Ibadan, a city in south-western Nigeria, during 1939. At face value, the contentious issue was a particular design of damask cloth. Ruth Watson suggests that the controversy was actually far more complex and argues that it cannot be understood unless one develops an historical reading of political culture in the city. This reading explores the cultural/symbolic meanings of political practices and how, at certain times, these practices served to generate material forms of civic power.","PeriodicalId":46194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Sociology","volume":"11 1","pages":"461-491"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"1998-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/1467-6443.00073","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62595302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-12-01DOI: 10.1111/J.1467-6443.1995.TB00174.X
A. León
The clauses of this [social] contract are so determined by the nature of the act that the slightest modification would make them vain and ineffective; so that, although they have perhaps never been formally set forth, they are everywhere the same and everywhere tacitly admitted and recognized, until, on the violation of the social compact, each regains his original rights and resumes his natural liberty, while losing the conventional liberty in favour of which he renounced it.
{"title":"Paradoxes of Modernization: The new agrarian question and the peasant movement in Mexico","authors":"A. León","doi":"10.1111/J.1467-6443.1995.TB00174.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1467-6443.1995.TB00174.X","url":null,"abstract":"The clauses of this [social] contract are so determined by the nature of the act that the slightest modification would make them vain and ineffective; so that, although they have perhaps never been formally set forth, they are everywhere the same and everywhere tacitly admitted and recognized, until, on the violation of the social compact, each regains his original rights and resumes his natural liberty, while losing the conventional liberty in favour of which he renounced it.","PeriodicalId":46194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Sociology","volume":"8 1","pages":"430-477"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"1995-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/J.1467-6443.1995.TB00174.X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63070929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-12-01DOI: 10.1111/J.1467-6443.1995.TB00173.X
K. Sivaramakrishnan
Subaltern Studies provided a powerful and innovative revision of the historiography of colonial India through a fusion of history and anthropology. Yet sustained evaluation of their interdisciplinarity, its intellectual bases and programmatic accomplishments is something that has been largely neglected in the numerous scholarly reviews of the collective. This essay traces the shifts in Subaltern Studies’ methods, assumptions and propositions to identify the problems and possibilities of anthropological history when this mode of analysis is applied to questions of colonialism, resistance and power. The earlier volumes are discussed in detail and then, in conclusion, juxtaposed briefly with the latest trends in Subaltern Studies.
{"title":"Situating the Subaltern: History and Anthropology in the Subaltern Studies Project","authors":"K. Sivaramakrishnan","doi":"10.1111/J.1467-6443.1995.TB00173.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1467-6443.1995.TB00173.X","url":null,"abstract":"Subaltern Studies provided a powerful and innovative revision of the historiography of colonial India through a fusion of history and anthropology. Yet sustained evaluation of their interdisciplinarity, its intellectual bases and programmatic accomplishments is something that has been largely neglected in the numerous scholarly reviews of the collective. This essay traces the shifts in Subaltern Studies’ methods, assumptions and propositions to identify the problems and possibilities of anthropological history when this mode of analysis is applied to questions of colonialism, resistance and power. The earlier volumes are discussed in detail and then, in conclusion, juxtaposed briefly with the latest trends in Subaltern Studies.","PeriodicalId":46194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Sociology","volume":"8 1","pages":"395-429"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"1995-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/J.1467-6443.1995.TB00173.X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63070907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-12-01DOI: 10.1111/J.1467-6443.1995.TB00172.X
Jane A. Margold
This essay examines U.S. colonial education in the early 20th-century Philippines, focusing on the ways in which the teachers recruited from the U.S. derailed the colonial administrators’ earnest if ingenuous attempt to dismantle the indigenous structure of privilege in the new possession vie a system of free primary schooling. The approach breaks with the notion of the state as the ultimate locus of force and attends instead to the study of local sites and ordinary, everyday practices of social regulation. In so doing, it argues that the U.S. teachers in the field transformed the directives handed down to them into a pedagogy that came to have its own subverting tactics, mechanisms and trajectory within the wider colonial polity.
{"title":"Egalitarian Ideals and Exclusionary Practices: U.S. Pedagogy in the Colonial Philippines","authors":"Jane A. Margold","doi":"10.1111/J.1467-6443.1995.TB00172.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1467-6443.1995.TB00172.X","url":null,"abstract":"This essay examines U.S. colonial education in the early 20th-century Philippines, focusing on the ways in which the teachers recruited from the U.S. derailed the colonial administrators’ earnest if ingenuous attempt to dismantle the indigenous structure of privilege in the new possession vie a system of free primary schooling. The approach breaks with the notion of the state as the ultimate locus of force and attends instead to the study of local sites and ordinary, everyday practices of social regulation. In so doing, it argues that the U.S. teachers in the field transformed the directives handed down to them into a pedagogy that came to have its own subverting tactics, mechanisms and trajectory within the wider colonial polity.","PeriodicalId":46194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Sociology","volume":"8 1","pages":"375-394"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"1995-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/J.1467-6443.1995.TB00172.X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63071389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-12-01DOI: 10.1111/J.1467-6443.1995.TB00171.X
A. Hunt
{"title":"Moralizing Luxury: The Discourses of the Governance of Consumption","authors":"A. Hunt","doi":"10.1111/J.1467-6443.1995.TB00171.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1467-6443.1995.TB00171.X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Sociology","volume":"8 1","pages":"352-374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"1995-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/J.1467-6443.1995.TB00171.X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63071333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-12-01DOI: 10.1111/J.1467-6443.1991.TB00158.X
Fiona M. S. Paterson
{"title":"Teaching Identities: Representing Historical Experience","authors":"Fiona M. S. Paterson","doi":"10.1111/J.1467-6443.1991.TB00158.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1467-6443.1991.TB00158.X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Sociology","volume":"4 1","pages":"428-440"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"1991-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/J.1467-6443.1991.TB00158.X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63069432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-12-01DOI: 10.1111/J.1467-6443.1991.TB00154.X
H. Shpayer-Makov
One of the strategies increasingly used by employers in the nineteenth century to make work more efficient was the promise of internal promotion, based on uniformity of treatment and selection by merit. The Metropolitan Police had pursued this strategy since the establishment of the force in 1829. Presentations of the promotion system were couched in challenging language, promising to reward all conscientious officers with a rise to a higher rank. Promotion brought with it increased pay, better work conditions, greater authority and prestige, and for some officers real social and economic mobility. This paper examines the principles underlying the promotion system in the Metropolitan Police, the terms in which they were formulated and their application. Of crucial importance are these questions: Who benefitted from the opportunity offered by the Metropolitan Police? What was the relationship between rhetoric and policy? What personal factors helped determine upward mobility? Did the police offer real equality of opportunity? A computer-based analysis of the careers of all recruits to the Metropolitan Police at the turn of the century provides firm answers and suggests patterns of mobility outside the Metropolitan Police.
{"title":"Career Prospects in the London Metropolitan Police in the Early Twentieth Century","authors":"H. Shpayer-Makov","doi":"10.1111/J.1467-6443.1991.TB00154.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1467-6443.1991.TB00154.X","url":null,"abstract":"One of the strategies increasingly used by employers in the nineteenth century to make work more efficient was the promise of internal promotion, based on uniformity of treatment and selection by merit. The Metropolitan Police had pursued this strategy since the establishment of the force in 1829. Presentations of the promotion system were couched in challenging language, promising to reward all conscientious officers with a rise to a higher rank. Promotion brought with it increased pay, better work conditions, greater authority and prestige, and for some officers real social and economic mobility. This paper examines the principles underlying the promotion system in the Metropolitan Police, the terms in which they were formulated and their application. Of crucial importance are these questions: Who benefitted from the opportunity offered by the Metropolitan Police? What was the relationship between rhetoric and policy? What personal factors helped determine upward mobility? Did the police offer real equality of opportunity? A computer-based analysis of the careers of all recruits to the Metropolitan Police at the turn of the century provides firm answers and suggests patterns of mobility outside the Metropolitan Police.","PeriodicalId":46194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Sociology","volume":"4 1","pages":"380-408"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"1991-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/J.1467-6443.1991.TB00154.X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63069823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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