Pub Date : 2006-09-01DOI: 10.1111/J.1467-6443.2006.00283.X
J. Kennedy
This article emphasises the role of empire in explaining the emergence of “liberal nationalism” in Scotland and Quebec in the early twentieth century. That period witnessed a relative decline in the British Empire's geopolitical standing. In response British governments implemented policies which sought to redress its decline. The article focuses on three policies – the South African War, tariff reform and imperial defence – and the response of the Young Scots' Society and the self-ascribed Nationalistes. Both groups espoused a “liberal nationalism”. Yet their liberal nationalism was expressed differently: emphasis was placed on “liberal” in Scotland, and on “nationalism” in Quebec, reflecting contrasting relationships with empire.
{"title":"Responding to Empire: Liberal Nationalism and Imperial Decline in Scotland and Québec1","authors":"J. Kennedy","doi":"10.1111/J.1467-6443.2006.00283.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1467-6443.2006.00283.X","url":null,"abstract":"This article emphasises the role of empire in explaining the emergence of “liberal nationalism” in Scotland and Quebec in the early twentieth century. That period witnessed a relative decline in the British Empire's geopolitical standing. In response British governments implemented policies which sought to redress its decline. The article focuses on three policies – the South African War, tariff reform and imperial defence – and the response of the Young Scots' Society and the self-ascribed Nationalistes. Both groups espoused a “liberal nationalism”. Yet their liberal nationalism was expressed differently: emphasis was placed on “liberal” in Scotland, and on “nationalism” in Quebec, reflecting contrasting relationships with empire.","PeriodicalId":46194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/J.1467-6443.2006.00283.X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63072793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-09-01DOI: 10.1111/J.1467-6443.2006.00284.X
A. Russo
L'evolution pedagogique en France, is one of the major instances of Durkheim's research, and has long remained in the shadows even among the specialists. The author proposes to reconsider its importance, as it brings about a series of discoveries concerning the very category of the school, and its farsighted sociological views on the relationship between education and society. Durkheim's analyses proves that schools have the result of singular intellectual invention and reinvention, at the core of which lie, the overlapping intersections of knowing, thinking and teaching.
{"title":"Schools As Subjective Singularities. The Inventions Of Schools In Durkheim's L'évolution Pédagogique En France1","authors":"A. Russo","doi":"10.1111/J.1467-6443.2006.00284.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1467-6443.2006.00284.X","url":null,"abstract":"L'evolution pedagogique en France, is one of the major instances of Durkheim's research, and has long remained in the shadows even among the specialists. The author proposes to reconsider its importance, as it brings about a series of discoveries concerning the very category of the school, and its farsighted sociological views on the relationship between education and society. Durkheim's analyses proves that schools have the result of singular intellectual invention and reinvention, at the core of which lie, the overlapping intersections of knowing, thinking and teaching.","PeriodicalId":46194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/J.1467-6443.2006.00284.X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63072833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-03-01DOI: 10.1111/J.1467-6443.2006.00268.X
Rakefet Sela-Sheffy
This article examines the encounter of the German Jewish immigrants with the crystallizing of local Jewish community in British-ruled Palestine during the 1930s and 1940s. It argues that their accepted image as cultural aliens, based on their allegedly incompatible European-like bourgeois life-style, was propagated by both parties in this encounter, causing their marginalization and at the same time serving them as an important socio-cultural resource. Focusing on the field of the legal profession, it analyses the 1930's and the already emerging and highly- accepted patterns of a local middle-class civic culture (despite its rejection by the political discourse), which facilitated the advancement of an elite group of German- born lawyers in this field. ***** The status of the German Jewish immigrants (known under the popular nickname Yekkes) in British-ruled Palestine during the 1930s has always been viewed as an exceptional case to the accepted "melting-pot" narrative of the formation of pre-State Jewish - later to become Israeli - society and culture. Although much has already been said about their peculiar cultural identity, their encounter with the local Jewish community (the Yishuv) and their role in the shaping of the emerging local Hebrew culture are still intriguing matters. This encounter still raises questions about their retention tendency as immigrants, the conditions, strategies and consequences of sustaining their old-country culture, and its possible dissemination in the destination society, and about how this cultural tendency related to their prospects of social assimi- lation (Gans 1997). As is widely accepted by students of im- migration, the identity of immigrant groups is (re)constructed and transformed under the conditions of their new social environment. Accordingly, their tendency to retain their distinctive old-country sense of identity may often be situational and depending on their chances to capitalize on it in the context of their relations with other groups within the new environment. In other words, the intensity of their "ethnic commitment," expressed in their willful perpetuation of old-country cultural patterns (such as language use, everyday practices, sentiments and values) hinges on the possibility that these cultural elements be "seen as a positive
{"title":"Integration through Distinction: German‐Jewish Immigrants, the Legal Profession and Patterns of Bourgeois Culture in British‐ruled Jewish Palestine1","authors":"Rakefet Sela-Sheffy","doi":"10.1111/J.1467-6443.2006.00268.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1467-6443.2006.00268.X","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the encounter of the German Jewish immigrants with the crystallizing of local Jewish community in British-ruled Palestine during the 1930s and 1940s. It argues that their accepted image as cultural aliens, based on their allegedly incompatible European-like bourgeois life-style, was propagated by both parties in this encounter, causing their marginalization and at the same time serving them as an important socio-cultural resource. Focusing on the field of the legal profession, it analyses the 1930's and the already emerging and highly- accepted patterns of a local middle-class civic culture (despite its rejection by the political discourse), which facilitated the advancement of an elite group of German- born lawyers in this field. ***** The status of the German Jewish immigrants (known under the popular nickname Yekkes) in British-ruled Palestine during the 1930s has always been viewed as an exceptional case to the accepted \"melting-pot\" narrative of the formation of pre-State Jewish - later to become Israeli - society and culture. Although much has already been said about their peculiar cultural identity, their encounter with the local Jewish community (the Yishuv) and their role in the shaping of the emerging local Hebrew culture are still intriguing matters. This encounter still raises questions about their retention tendency as immigrants, the conditions, strategies and consequences of sustaining their old-country culture, and its possible dissemination in the destination society, and about how this cultural tendency related to their prospects of social assimi- lation (Gans 1997). As is widely accepted by students of im- migration, the identity of immigrant groups is (re)constructed and transformed under the conditions of their new social environment. Accordingly, their tendency to retain their distinctive old-country sense of identity may often be situational and depending on their chances to capitalize on it in the context of their relations with other groups within the new environment. In other words, the intensity of their \"ethnic commitment,\" expressed in their willful perpetuation of old-country cultural patterns (such as language use, everyday practices, sentiments and values) hinges on the possibility that these cultural elements be \"seen as a positive","PeriodicalId":46194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2006-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/J.1467-6443.2006.00268.X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63072538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-01DOI: 10.1002/9781444309720.CH14
G. Dening
{"title":"Living in and with Deep Time Public Lecture, XII David Nichol Smith Conference, July 19, 2004","authors":"G. Dening","doi":"10.1002/9781444309720.CH14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444309720.CH14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2005-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50786745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reception and identification processes, crucial to understand situations of political conflict, have been studied in relation to particular events, rituals, or media. This article proposes a different approach. It explores how ordinary people, through projects of their own which exhibit particular forms of intentional cultural production and consumption, manifest historically situated notions of selves. I use the idea of “projects” to understand the interconnections between global consumer culture, identity, and nationalism as they are manifested in the everyday lives of Palestinian citizens of Israel. To exemplify these interconnections, I focus on two significant, creative projects through which Palestinian inhabitants of the Western Galilee shape and manifest selves in history. Though these projects appear very different on the surface, they are used to address the same central question – that is, to understand how senses of self in history and attending identities are materially and discursively constituted by members of a national minority in the ever-present context of political conflict. They show that people are not passive consumers of homogenizing rituals and discourse and reveal how, through a bricolage of objects and ideas, people inscribe intentions, meanings, ways of thinking, and self-narration in places and histories.
{"title":"Consuming Projects in Uncertain Times: Making Selves in the Galilee1","authors":"T. Forte","doi":"10.1111/1467-6443.00211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6443.00211","url":null,"abstract":"Reception and identification processes, crucial to understand situations of political conflict, have been studied in relation to particular events, rituals, or media. This article proposes a different approach. It explores how ordinary people, through projects of their own which exhibit particular forms of intentional cultural production and consumption, manifest historically situated notions of selves. I use the idea of “projects” to understand the interconnections between global consumer culture, identity, and nationalism as they are manifested in the everyday lives of Palestinian citizens of Israel. To exemplify these interconnections, I focus on two significant, creative projects through which Palestinian inhabitants of the Western Galilee shape and manifest selves in history. Though these projects appear very different on the surface, they are used to address the same central question – that is, to understand how senses of self in history and attending identities are materially and discursively constituted by members of a national minority in the ever-present context of political conflict. They show that people are not passive consumers of homogenizing rituals and discourse and reveal how, through a bricolage of objects and ideas, people inscribe intentions, meanings, ways of thinking, and self-narration in places and histories.","PeriodicalId":46194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2003-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/1467-6443.00211","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62596606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Education and State Formation Reconsidered: Chinese School Identity in Postwar Singapore","authors":"Ting-hong Wong","doi":"10.1057/9780230603462_3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230603462_3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2003-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58216557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Traditional perspectives on ethnic institutions tend to consider mainly their role in the preservation of the cultural and social fabric of ethnic communities. Increasing evidence indicates that ethno-institutional effects are often more varied and complex. France's first industrial-era immigrants, massively crossing the border from Belgian Flanders during the second half of the 19th century, are a case in point. Immigrant Flemish workers introduced a new type of institution to the French working class: socialist cooperatives. These would have a long-term impact not only on the immigrant Flemish community itself, but also on the larger labour movement, on the region, and on the country as a whole. Three elements were important in this process of institutional cross-fertilization: Belgian workers’ rich institutional repertoire; the coincidence of their settlement with the rise of the French labour movement; and the fact that their institutional innovation was easily transferable.
{"title":"Ethnic Institutions Reconsidered: The Case of Flemish Workers in 19th Century France1","authors":"Philippe Couton","doi":"10.1111/1467-6443.00196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6443.00196","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional perspectives on ethnic institutions tend to consider mainly their role in the preservation of the cultural and social fabric of ethnic communities. Increasing evidence indicates that ethno-institutional effects are often more varied and complex. France's first industrial-era immigrants, massively crossing the border from Belgian Flanders during the second half of the 19th century, are a case in point. Immigrant Flemish workers introduced a new type of institution to the French working class: socialist cooperatives. These would have a long-term impact not only on the immigrant Flemish community itself, but also on the larger labour movement, on the region, and on the country as a whole. Three elements were important in this process of institutional cross-fertilization: Belgian workers’ rich institutional repertoire; the coincidence of their settlement with the rise of the French labour movement; and the fact that their institutional innovation was easily transferable.","PeriodicalId":46194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2003-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/1467-6443.00196","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62596856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-09-01DOI: 10.1163/9789004270329_006
M. Pittaway
This chapter demonstrates that 'hegemonic' factory regimes, characterised by a high degree of cooperation between at least a core of the workforce and management, dominated industry in the Stalinist years, as much as they were to characterise the conditions of production in a climate of economic reform. Furthermore, it shows that they emerged from economic tensions created by the Stalinist state and by worker responses to them. An examination of how such 'hegemonic' factory regimes arose suggests a major revision of the traditional image of Stalinism as collectivist. The state attempted to use systems of remuneration on the shop floor to bind workers to the goals of the plan. These systems of remuneration were individual rather than collective, suggesting that at the heart of classical central planning lay an apparent paradox between institutional centralisation and a high degree of individualisation at the point of production. Keywords: economic reform; hegemonic factory regimes; industrial wage relation; institutionalisation; social identity; Stalinist Hungary; Stalinist years
{"title":"The social limits of state control: Time, the industrial wage relation and social identity in Stalinist Hungary, 1948-1953","authors":"M. Pittaway","doi":"10.1163/9789004270329_006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004270329_006","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter demonstrates that 'hegemonic' factory regimes, characterised by a high degree of cooperation between at least a core of the workforce and management, dominated industry in the Stalinist years, as much as they were to characterise the conditions of production in a climate of economic reform. Furthermore, it shows that they emerged from economic tensions created by the Stalinist state and by worker responses to them. An examination of how such 'hegemonic' factory regimes arose suggests a major revision of the traditional image of Stalinism as collectivist. The state attempted to use systems of remuneration on the shop floor to bind workers to the goals of the plan. These systems of remuneration were individual rather than collective, suggesting that at the heart of classical central planning lay an apparent paradox between institutional centralisation and a high degree of individualisation at the point of production. Keywords: economic reform; hegemonic factory regimes; industrial wage relation; institutionalisation; social identity; Stalinist Hungary; Stalinist years","PeriodicalId":46194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64517179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As in various parts of the Western Hemisphere, the indigenous population of eastern Brazil has increased rapidly in recent decades. Based on over fifty in-depth interviews that I conducted with eastern Indians and the twelve months I spent living in their households and communities between 1994 and 1997, I discovered that much of this demographic phenomenon has been fueled by increasing numbers of individuals self-identifying as Indian who had not always identified as such or their parents had not identified as Indian. A number of lay people and scholars have argued that this shift in the direction of racial formation has been driven by state induced material incentives. Yet my ethnographic data, which I detail in great depth in this article, suggests that in terms of the material factors responsible for Indian resurgence that the state’s sticks have been a much more significant variable than the state’s racializing carrots. In other words, I found that the fundamental change in state practices in eastern Brazil has been in the drastic reduction of the costs of being Indian. Thus I posit and demonstrate how one of the primary variables behind this demographic shift has been the reduction of state led and sanctioned anti-Indian violence in eastern Brazil.
{"title":"The State of Indian Exorcism: Violence and Racial Formation in Eastern Brazil","authors":"Jonathan W. Warren","doi":"10.1111/1467-6443.00074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6443.00074","url":null,"abstract":"As in various parts of the Western Hemisphere, the indigenous population of eastern Brazil has increased rapidly in recent decades. Based on over fifty in-depth interviews that I conducted with eastern Indians and the twelve months I spent living in their households and communities between 1994 and 1997, I discovered that much of this demographic phenomenon has been fueled by increasing numbers of individuals self-identifying as Indian who had not always identified as such or their parents had not identified as Indian. A number of lay people and scholars have argued that this shift in the direction of racial formation has been driven by state induced material incentives. Yet my ethnographic data, which I detail in great depth in this article, suggests that in terms of the material factors responsible for Indian resurgence that the state’s sticks have been a much more significant variable than the state’s racializing carrots. In other words, I found that the fundamental change in state practices in eastern Brazil has been in the drastic reduction of the costs of being Indian. Thus I posit and demonstrate how one of the primary variables behind this demographic shift has been the reduction of state led and sanctioned anti-Indian violence in eastern Brazil.","PeriodicalId":46194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"1998-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/1467-6443.00074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62595359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article, the author asks: How has the legacy of E.P. Thompson helped shape the emergence of Social History in the United States? How have ideas about race, gender and empire, largely absent from Thompson’s work, been incorporated in writing on labor, immigration, and American exceptionalism? Is it now possible to synthesize race, class, and gender? Or, have histories based on class analysis so elided race and gender that such grafting has been foreclosed? With a bit of gossip here, a gesture to historiography there, and as little charm as possible, the author wonders: Is there any justice for “the Subaltern” in this profession? Or, is it just another “Organization Man” gone West?
{"title":"Class, Culture and Empire: E. P. Thompson and the Making of Social History","authors":"Robert S. Gregg","doi":"10.1111/1467-6443.00072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6443.00072","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the author asks: How has the legacy of E.P. Thompson helped shape the emergence of Social History in the United States? How have ideas about race, gender and empire, largely absent from Thompson’s work, been incorporated in writing on labor, immigration, and American exceptionalism? Is it now possible to synthesize race, class, and gender? Or, have histories based on class analysis so elided race and gender that such grafting has been foreclosed? With a bit of gossip here, a gesture to historiography there, and as little charm as possible, the author wonders: Is there any justice for “the Subaltern” in this profession? Or, is it just another “Organization Man” gone West?","PeriodicalId":46194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"1998-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/1467-6443.00072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62595285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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