Spatial Cognition and Computation最新文献

英文中文

The role of motor processes in mental rotation: selective shaping of cognitive processing via specific sensorimotor experience 运动过程在心理旋转中的作用:通过特定感觉运动经验对认知加工的选择性塑造

IF 1.9 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Spatial Cognition and Computation

Pub Date : 2019-01-17 DOI: 10.1080/13875868.2018.1541457

Hamdi Habacha

ABSTRACT The involvement of motor processes in mental rotation is experience-dependent: different levels of expertise in sensorimotor interactions lead to different strategies in mental rotation. In the present study, wrestlers, gymnasts, and nonathletes physically rotated objects that were either light (wooden) or heavy (lead) but otherwise having the same sizes and shapes. They then performed a mental rotation task using photographs of these objects in which the material and therefore the weight was visible. I hypothesized that wrestlers would rely more heavily on experience-based sensorimotor strategies in performing mental rotation because during their athletic practice they not only manipulate external “objects” (i.e., their opponent) but also have to plan future actions taking into account past experience of these “objects” (for example their weight). All participants reported that lead objects were harder to physically rotate than wooden ones. However, only wrestlers mentally rotated lead objects more slowly than wooden ones—as they would if they were physically rotating them—suggesting the involvement of motor processes. These findings show that the involvement of motor processes in mental rotation depends on specific rather than mere sensorimotor experience.

运动过程在心理旋转中的参与是经验依赖的:不同水平的感觉-运动相互作用的专业知识导致不同的心理旋转策略。在目前的研究中，摔跤运动员、体操运动员和非运动员在物理上旋转轻(木制)或重(铅)的物体，但其他方面具有相同的大小和形状。然后，他们使用这些物体的照片进行心理旋转任务，这些照片中的物质和重量都是可见的。我假设摔跤运动员在进行心理旋转时更依赖于基于经验的感觉运动策略，因为在他们的运动练习中，他们不仅要操纵外部“物体”(即他们的对手)，还要考虑到过去对这些“物体”的经验(例如他们的体重)来计划未来的行动。所有参与者都报告说，铅制物体比木制物体更难旋转。然而，只有摔跤运动员在心理上旋转铅制物体比木制物体慢——就像他们在物理上旋转它们一样——这表明运动过程的参与。这些发现表明，参与心理旋转的运动过程取决于特定的而不仅仅是感觉运动经验。

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引用次数: 0

Modeling visuospatial reasoning 视觉空间推理建模

IF 1.9 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Spatial Cognition and Computation

Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/13875868.2018.1460751

Stephen K. Reed

ABSTRACT I apply my proposed modification of Soar/Spatial/Visual System and Kosslyn’s (1983) computational operations on images to problems within a 2 × 2 taxonomy that classifies research according to whether the coding involves static or dynamic relations within an object or between objects (Newcombe & Shipley, 2015). I then repeat this analysis for problems that are included in mathematics and science curricula. Because many of these problems involve reasoning from diagrams Hegarty’s (2011) framework for reasoning from visual-spatial displays provides additional support for organizing this topic. Two more relevant frameworks specify reasoning at different levels of abstraction (Reed, 2016) and with different combinations of actions and objects (Reed, 2018). The article concludes with suggestions for future directions.

我将我提出的对Soar/Spatial/Visual System和Kosslyn(1983)对图像的计算操作的修改应用于2x2分类法中的问题，该分类法根据编码是否涉及对象内或对象之间的静态或动态关系对研究进行分类(Newcombe & Shipley, 2015)。然后，我对数学和科学课程中包含的问题重复这种分析。因为这些问题中的许多都涉及到图表推理，Hegarty(2011)的视觉空间显示推理框架为组织这一主题提供了额外的支持。两个更相关的框架规定了不同抽象层次的推理(Reed, 2016)和不同的动作和对象组合(Reed, 2018)。文章最后对未来的发展方向提出了建议。

引用次数: 6

Urban street morphology perception: orientational versus aesthetical parametrization in space syntax 城市街道形态感知:空间句法的定向与审美参数化

IF 1.9 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Spatial Cognition and Computation

Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/13875868.2018.1564754

Luca d' Acci

Current topological and geometrical distances in Space Syntax are based on the premise that each change of direction along a path is a mental cost because one loses orientation. This paper proposes to extend the analysis to the case in which aesthetic and variety, rather than orientation, are the key elements of street selection. It is widely recognized that most people are attracted to curvy paths rather than straight ones; therefore, when one is not worried about losing orientation in her walk, or when the preferred path is well recognizable even when it requires changes of direction, we should adopt another criterion to weigh distances: morphoahestetic and networkvariety criteria are shown as potential parametrization for Space Syntax distances.

当前空间句法中的拓扑和几何距离是基于这样一个前提，即沿着路径的每次方向改变都是一种心理成本，因为人们会失去方向。本文建议将分析扩展到美学和多样性，而不是定位，是街道选择的关键因素的案例。众所周知，大多数人都喜欢弯曲的道路而不是笔直的道路;因此，当人们不担心在行走中失去方向时，或者当首选路径即使需要改变方向也能很好地识别时，我们应该采用另一种标准来衡量距离:形态亲和性和网络多样性标准被显示为空间语法距离的潜在参数化。

引用次数: 5

Which way is the bookstore? A closer look at the judgments of relative directions task. 书店往哪走？仔细观察相对方向任务的判断。

IF 1.9 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Spatial Cognition and Computation

Pub Date : 2019-01-01 Epub Date: 2018-11-18 DOI: 10.1080/13875868.2018.1531869

Derek J Huffman, Arne D Ekstrom

We present a detailed analysis of a widely used assay in human spatial cognition, the judgments of relative direction (JRD) task. We conducted three experiments involving virtual navigation interspersed with the JRD task, and included confidence judgments and map drawing as additional metrics. We also present a technique for assessing the similarity of the cognitive representations underlying performance on the JRD and map drawing tasks. Our results support the construct validity of the JRD task and its connection to allocentric representation. Additionally, we found that chance performance on the JRD task depends on the distribution of the angles of participants' responses, rather than being constant and 90 degrees. Accordingly, we present a method for better determining chance performance.

我们对人类空间认知中广泛使用的一种方法——相对方向判断（JRD）任务进行了详细分析。我们进行了三个实验，涉及穿插在JRD任务中的虚拟导航，并将置信度判断和地图绘制作为额外的指标。我们还提出了一种评估JRD和地图绘制任务表现背后的认知表征相似性的技术。我们的结果支持了JRD任务的结构有效性及其与异地中心表示的联系。此外，我们发现JRD任务的机会表现取决于参与者反应角度的分布，而不是恒定的90度。因此，我们提出了一种更好地确定机会性能的方法。

引用次数: 19

Geometric problem solving with strings and pins 用绳子和大头针解决几何问题

IF 1.9 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Spatial Cognition and Computation

Pub Date : 2018-12-24 DOI: 10.1080/13875868.2018.1531415

C. Freksa, T. Barkowsky, Zoe Falomir, J. V. D. Ven

ABSTRACT Humans solve spatial and abstract problems more easily if these can be visualized and/or physically manipulated. We analyze the domain of geometric problem solving from a cognitive perspective and identify several levels of domain abstraction that interact in the problem solving process. We discuss the roles of physical manifestations of spatial configurations, their manipulation, and their perception for understanding problem solving processes. We propose an extension of the classical problem solving repertoire of constructive geometry to approach certain problems more directly than under the compass-and-straightedge paradigm. Specifically, we introduce strings and pins as helpful metaphors for a generalization of the constructive geometry approach. We present classical problems from spatial problem solving to illustrate the ‘strings and pins’ paradigm. Three case studies are discussed: strings-and-pins solutions to (i) the ellipse construction problem; (ii) the shortest path problem; and (iii) the angle trisection problem. Comparisons to formal solutions are drawn. Differences and similarities between the compass-and-straightedge paradigm and the strings-and-pins paradigm are analyzed. Features and limitations of constructive and depictive geometry as well as implications for computational approaches are discussed. The strings-and-pins domain is shown to be more general and less restrictive than the compass-and-straightedge domain.

如果空间和抽象问题可以可视化和/或物理操作，人类解决这些问题会更容易。我们从认知的角度分析了几何问题解决的领域，并确定了在问题解决过程中相互作用的几个层次的领域抽象。我们讨论了空间构型的物理表现，它们的操作，以及它们对理解问题解决过程的感知的作用。我们提出了构造几何经典解题曲目的扩展，以更直接地解决某些问题，而不是在指南针和直线范式下。具体地说，我们引入弦和针作为有益的隐喻，以推广建设性几何方法。我们从空间问题解决的经典问题来说明“弦和针”范式。讨论了三个案例研究:(i)椭圆结构问题的串销解决方案;(ii)最短路径问题;(三)角三分问题。与正式解决方案进行了比较。分析了“圆规直尺”范式与“绳针”范式的异同。构造几何和描绘几何的特点和局限性以及对计算方法的影响进行了讨论。弦针域比罗盘直尺域更普遍，限制更少。

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引用次数: 6

Investigating behavioural and computational approaches for defining imprecise regions 研究定义不精确区域的行为和计算方法

IF 1.9 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Spatial Cognition and Computation

Pub Date : 2018-11-28 DOI: 10.1080/13875868.2018.1531871

Florian A. Twaroch, P. Brindley, Paul D. Clough, Christopher B. Jones, Robert C. Pasley, S. Mansbridge

ABSTRACT People often communicate with reference to informally agreed places, such as “the city centre”. However, views of the spatial extent of such areas may vary, resulting in imprecise regions. We compare perceptions of Sheffield’s City Centre from a street survey to extents derived from various web-based sources. Such automated approaches have advantages of speed, cost and repeatability. We show that footprints from web sources are often in concordance with models derived from more labour-intensive methods. Notable exceptions however were found with sources advertising or selling residential property. Agreement between sources was measured by aggregating them to identify locations of consensus.

人们经常使用非正式约定的地点进行交流，例如“市中心”。然而，对这些区域的空间范围的看法可能会有所不同，从而导致不精确的区域。我们比较了从街头调查到各种网络来源的谢菲尔德市中心的看法。这种自动化方法在速度、成本和可重复性方面具有优势。我们表明，来自网络资源的足迹通常与来自更劳动密集型方法的模型一致。然而，在广告或销售住宅物业的来源中发现了明显的例外。来源之间的一致是通过汇总它们来确定共识的位置来衡量的。

引用次数: 12

Spatial working memory is enhanced for movement experts in traditional and embodied tasks 在传统任务和具身任务中，运动专家的空间工作记忆得到增强

IF 1.9 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Spatial Cognition and Computation

Pub Date : 2018-11-11 DOI: 10.1080/13875868.2018.1541458

Erica M. Barhorst-Cates

ABSTRACT Movement experts tend to outperform non-experts on some tasks of spatial ability, suggesting that movement experts possess enhanced spatial-cognitive abilities, which may be developed over years of practice. In the current study, movement experts (dancers and athletes) and non-experts completed one verbal working memory task and two spatial working memory tasks—a traditional Corsi block-tapping task and a new full-bodied version of the Corsi task, nicknamed the “Twister Task.” Movement experts outperformed non-experts on both the Corsi and Twister tasks but not on the verbal task, suggesting that movement experience may relate to spatial working memory specifically. Additionally, the Twister task significantly correlated with the traditional Corsi task, providing validation for a new measure of spatial working memory.

运动专家在某些空间能力任务上的表现往往优于非专家，这表明运动专家具有更强的空间认知能力，这可能是经过多年练习而发展起来的。在目前的研究中，运动专家(舞者和运动员)和非专家完成了一个口头工作记忆任务和两个空间工作记忆任务——一个传统的科西积木敲击任务和一个新的科西任务的完整版本，绰号“扭扭任务”。运动专家在Corsi和Twister任务上的表现优于非专家，但在口头任务上表现不佳，这表明运动经验可能与空间工作记忆特别相关。此外，Twister任务与传统的Corsi任务显著相关，为空间工作记忆的新测量提供了验证。

引用次数: 7

List of reviewers 审稿人名单

IF 1.9 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Spatial Cognition and Computation

Pub Date : 2018-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/13875868.2018.1525867

Christine Williams, P. Lombardi, H. Cho, Hyunjin Seo

Christine Chan, University of Regina, Canada Jyoti Choudrie, University of Hertfordshire, UK Paul Davis, RAND, USA Larbi Esmahi, Athabasca University, Canada Jose Figueiredo, Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal Ing. Jorge Marx Gómez, Universität Oldenburg, Germany Bill Hefley, Carnegie Mellon University, USA Tschangho John Kim, University of Illinois, USA Jungwoo Lee, Yonsei University, Korea Allan Lichtman, American University, USA Barnett Parker, Parker Associates, USA

Christine Chan，加拿大里贾纳大学Jyoti Choudrie，英国赫特福德大学Paul Davis，美国兰德公司Larbi Esmahi，加拿大阿萨巴斯卡大学Jose Figueiredo，葡萄牙里斯本技术大学Ing豪尔赫·马克思Gómez, Universität奥尔登堡，德国比尔·赫夫利，美国卡内基梅隆大学，美国Tschangho约翰·金，美国伊利诺伊大学，美国李正宇，韩国延世大学，美国艾伦·利希特曼，美国美国大学巴尼特·帕克，美国帕克协会

引用次数: 0

State Anxiety Influences Sex Differences in Spatial Learning 状态焦虑影响空间学习的性别差异

IF 1.9 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Spatial Cognition and Computation

Pub Date : 2018-09-05 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-96385-3_17

I. Ruginski, Jeanine K. Stefanucci, Sarah H. Creem-Regehr

引用次数: 4

Humans Construct Survey Estimates on the Fly from a Compartmentalised Representation of the Navigated Environment 人类从导航环境的分区表示中构建调查估计

IF 1.9 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Spatial Cognition and Computation

Pub Date : 2018-09-05 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-96385-3_2

T. Meilinger, A. Henson, J. Rebane, H. Bülthoff, H. Mallot

引用次数: 8

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