Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2023.2199323
J. Kendall
In “Malady of the Mind”, Jeffrey A. Lieberman argues that we are finally making progress in understanding schizophrenia. Schizophrenia has long been understood to be among the most serious and intractable of all mental disorders. The condition typically begins in early adulthood and lasts a lifetime. Its hallmark features include hallucinations, withdrawal from social situations, and serious problems in cognition, such as a highly irrational belief system and a limited attention span. In “Malady of the Mind: Schizophrenia and the Path to Prevention”, a comprehensive history of this perplexing mental disorder from the Ancient World to the present, Jeffrey A. Lieberman argues that psychiatry has finally turned a corner in determining both what causes schizophrenia and how to treat it. “Due to the progress and success of science”, he concludes, schizophrenia is “a malady of the mind no more”. It’s a bold pronouncement to make, given that Lieberman himself admits that the history of psychiatry is filled with declarations of victory over a disorder that nonetheless continues to defy efforts to pin it down. Several once-heralded treatments – say, insulin coma therapy and ice-pick lobotomies, which were both popular in the 1940s – are now dismissed as barbaric. Likewise, while anti-psychotic medications, which were introduced with great fanfare in the mid-1950s and remain today’s treatment of choice, can sometimes reduce the intensity of the most troubling symptoms, they are far from a cure. The chapters on past approaches are elegantly written and are helpful in giving context to current debates about how best to address this devastating illness. Lieberman’s current optimism, however, is rooted in the findings of biological psychiatrists over the last 40 years. A longtime professor of psychiatry at Columbia – he was department chair until a year ago when he was suspended after posting a tweet that was widely considered racist and misogynistic – Lieberman himself has been a central figure in this research, having co-authored hundreds of studies in the nation’s most prestigious medical and psychiatric journals, and written or edited 10 books on mental illness. Lieberman, who served as president of the American Psychiatric Association a decade ago, has also won several prestigious awards for his scholarly oeuvre, including the Lieber Prize for Schizophrenia Research from the National Association for Research in Schizophrenia and Affective Disorders, and the Neuroscience Award from the International College of Neuropsychopharmacology. As he sees it, biological psychiatry has made major advances that have put our understanding of schizophrenia on a more firm scientific footing than ever before. He argues, for example, that modern research supports the notion that genetic factors play a dominant role in the onset of schizophrenia. We now know, he writes, “the numerous means by which genes conspire to preserve and confer schizophrenia”. He also suggests that
杰弗里·A·利伯曼在《精神病》一书中认为，我们终于在理解精神分裂症方面取得了进展。长期以来，精神分裂症一直被认为是所有精神障碍中最严重、最棘手的一种。这种情况通常始于成年早期，并持续一生。它的标志性特征包括幻觉、从社会环境中退出，以及严重的认知问题，如高度非理性的信仰体系和有限的注意力跨度。杰弗里·a·利伯曼（Jeffrey a.Lieberman）在《精神病：精神分裂症与预防之路》（Malady of the Mind:Schizophrenia and the Path to Prevention）一书中认为，精神病学在确定精神分裂症的病因和治疗方法方面终于转危为安，精神分裂症“不再是一种精神疾病”。这是一个大胆的声明，因为利伯曼本人承认，精神病学的历史上充满了战胜一种疾病的宣言，尽管如此，这种疾病仍然难以根除。一些曾经被看好的治疗方法——比如胰岛素昏迷治疗和冰镐脑叶切除术，这两种方法在20世纪40年代都很流行——现在被认为是野蛮的。同样，尽管抗精神病药物在20世纪50年代中期大张旗鼓地推出，并一直是今天的首选治疗方法，有时可以降低最令人不安的症状的强度，但它们远不能治愈。关于过去方法的章节写得很优雅，有助于为当前关于如何最好地应对这种毁灭性疾病的辩论提供背景。然而，利伯曼目前的乐观情绪源于过去40年来生物精神病学家的发现。利伯曼是哥伦比亚大学的长期精神病学教授，直到一年前，他发布了一条被广泛认为是种族主义和厌女症的推文，被停职。利伯曼本人一直是这项研究的核心人物，在美国最负盛名的医学和精神病学杂志上与人合著了数百项研究，撰写或编辑了10本关于精神疾病的书籍。利伯曼十年前担任美国精神病学会主席，他的学术著作也获得了几个著名的奖项，包括美国精神分裂症和情感障碍研究协会颁发的利伯精神分裂症研究奖，以及国际神经精神药理学学院颁发的神经科学奖。在他看来，生物精神病学取得了重大进展，使我们对精神分裂症的理解比以往任何时候都有了更坚实的科学基础。例如，他认为，现代研究支持遗传因素在精神分裂症发作中起主导作用的观点。他写道，我们现在知道了“基因通过多种方式共同保护和赋予精神分裂症”。他还指出，对抗精神病药物、抗抑郁药和兴奋剂等药物的大量研究表明，某些神经递质（如多巴胺）的失调是导致这种疾病的主要原因。对利伯曼来说，精神分裂症是一种脑部疾病，通常对目前的药物治疗反应良好。
{"title":"Malady of the mind","authors":"J. Kendall","doi":"10.1080/17522439.2023.2199323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2023.2199323","url":null,"abstract":"In “Malady of the Mind”, Jeffrey A. Lieberman argues that we are finally making progress in understanding schizophrenia. Schizophrenia has long been understood to be among the most serious and intractable of all mental disorders. The condition typically begins in early adulthood and lasts a lifetime. Its hallmark features include hallucinations, withdrawal from social situations, and serious problems in cognition, such as a highly irrational belief system and a limited attention span. In “Malady of the Mind: Schizophrenia and the Path to Prevention”, a comprehensive history of this perplexing mental disorder from the Ancient World to the present, Jeffrey A. Lieberman argues that psychiatry has finally turned a corner in determining both what causes schizophrenia and how to treat it. “Due to the progress and success of science”, he concludes, schizophrenia is “a malady of the mind no more”. It’s a bold pronouncement to make, given that Lieberman himself admits that the history of psychiatry is filled with declarations of victory over a disorder that nonetheless continues to defy efforts to pin it down. Several once-heralded treatments – say, insulin coma therapy and ice-pick lobotomies, which were both popular in the 1940s – are now dismissed as barbaric. Likewise, while anti-psychotic medications, which were introduced with great fanfare in the mid-1950s and remain today’s treatment of choice, can sometimes reduce the intensity of the most troubling symptoms, they are far from a cure. The chapters on past approaches are elegantly written and are helpful in giving context to current debates about how best to address this devastating illness. Lieberman’s current optimism, however, is rooted in the findings of biological psychiatrists over the last 40 years. A longtime professor of psychiatry at Columbia – he was department chair until a year ago when he was suspended after posting a tweet that was widely considered racist and misogynistic – Lieberman himself has been a central figure in this research, having co-authored hundreds of studies in the nation’s most prestigious medical and psychiatric journals, and written or edited 10 books on mental illness. Lieberman, who served as president of the American Psychiatric Association a decade ago, has also won several prestigious awards for his scholarly oeuvre, including the Lieber Prize for Schizophrenia Research from the National Association for Research in Schizophrenia and Affective Disorders, and the Neuroscience Award from the International College of Neuropsychopharmacology. As he sees it, biological psychiatry has made major advances that have put our understanding of schizophrenia on a more firm scientific footing than ever before. He argues, for example, that modern research supports the notion that genetic factors play a dominant role in the onset of schizophrenia. We now know, he writes, “the numerous means by which genes conspire to preserve and confer schizophrenia”. He also suggests that ","PeriodicalId":46344,"journal":{"name":"Psychosis-Psychological Social and Integrative Approaches","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44869331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2023.2191132
Sara Kærn Linstow, A. Urfer-Parnas
ABSTRACT Background Coercive methods in psychiatry are still a matter of debate, raising ethical challenges ranging from liberal to paternalistic approaches. Involuntary hospitalisation (IH) for treatment purpose is a major intervention not yet fully examined from patients’ perspectives. Aim To examine at discharge the views and experiences of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia involuntarily hospitalized in a psychotic state for treatment purpose. Method We examined nine patients with semi-structured interview concerning their views on IH in general, their own admission, and ways to prevent such situations. Results None of the patients considered their IH necessary in its entirety or viewed their condition as psychosis. They did not consider IH as an act of care and believed that community support could have prevented IH in their case. They stressed that psychiatric patients should be able to refuse treatment as somatic patients are. Discussion We discuss the patients’ experiences and negative view of IH, the concepts of psychosis and insight, possibilities of acute outpatient intervention and ethical issues.
{"title":"Involuntary hospitalization for treatment purpose; an act of caregiving? Perspectives and experiences of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia","authors":"Sara Kærn Linstow, A. Urfer-Parnas","doi":"10.1080/17522439.2023.2191132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2023.2191132","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background Coercive methods in psychiatry are still a matter of debate, raising ethical challenges ranging from liberal to paternalistic approaches. Involuntary hospitalisation (IH) for treatment purpose is a major intervention not yet fully examined from patients’ perspectives. Aim To examine at discharge the views and experiences of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia involuntarily hospitalized in a psychotic state for treatment purpose. Method We examined nine patients with semi-structured interview concerning their views on IH in general, their own admission, and ways to prevent such situations. Results None of the patients considered their IH necessary in its entirety or viewed their condition as psychosis. They did not consider IH as an act of care and believed that community support could have prevented IH in their case. They stressed that psychiatric patients should be able to refuse treatment as somatic patients are. Discussion We discuss the patients’ experiences and negative view of IH, the concepts of psychosis and insight, possibilities of acute outpatient intervention and ethical issues.","PeriodicalId":46344,"journal":{"name":"Psychosis-Psychological Social and Integrative Approaches","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42518952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2023.2177326
Samantha S. Carley, G. Adams
{"title":"The interaction between attachment, trauma and cannabis in creating vulnerability for psychosis","authors":"Samantha S. Carley, G. Adams","doi":"10.1080/17522439.2023.2177326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2023.2177326","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46344,"journal":{"name":"Psychosis-Psychological Social and Integrative Approaches","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46569125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-02DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2023.2176536
Dongjoo Kim, Daeho Kim, Eun Kyoung Kim
{"title":"Dissociation mediates association between childhood trauma and distress from trauma research participation: analysis of pooled clinical data","authors":"Dongjoo Kim, Daeho Kim, Eun Kyoung Kim","doi":"10.1080/17522439.2023.2176536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2023.2176536","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46344,"journal":{"name":"Psychosis-Psychological Social and Integrative Approaches","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42936773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-06DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2023.2175233
I. Kearney, A. Veale, M. Murphy
{"title":"Facilitators of posttraumatic growth in family members of persons with experiences of psychosis: a thematic synthesis","authors":"I. Kearney, A. Veale, M. Murphy","doi":"10.1080/17522439.2023.2175233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2023.2175233","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46344,"journal":{"name":"Psychosis-Psychological Social and Integrative Approaches","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48153966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2023.2172602
Ron Unger
{"title":"Relating to voices using compassion focused therapy: a self help companion","authors":"Ron Unger","doi":"10.1080/17522439.2023.2172602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2023.2172602","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46344,"journal":{"name":"Psychosis-Psychological Social and Integrative Approaches","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47666584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-23DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2162955
S. Allan, C. O’Driscoll, H. Mcleod, J. Gleeson, J. Farhall, Emma Morton, I. Bell, Simon Bradstreet, Mathew Machin, A. Gumley
Background: Fear of relapse into psychosis is an independent risk factor for future relapse events, indicating its importance as a novel intervention target. Methods: Twenty-five participants responded to daily ecological momentary assessment prompts assessing common early warning signs of relapse and self-reported positive experiences like feeling supported by others. We conducted multilevel vector auto-regression using common symptoms assessed in early warning signs monitoring relapse prevention while controlling for positive self-reported experiences like feeling supported by others to estimate three networks (to explore concurrent, temporal and overall relationships). Results: Reporting fear of relapse was positively associated (within the same cross-sectional time window) with hearing voices, alongside anxiety, negative affect and sleep change. Fear of relapse appeared to predict anxiety, negative affect and greater fear of relapse on the next consecutive day. However, none of the typical early warning signs predicted fear of relapse within the temporal window, and the observed relationships were small. Discussion: Early warning signs appeared to be poor predictors of experiencing fear of relapse in this study. Fear of relapse predicts later anxiety and negative affect and may be a valuable intervention target within the daily life of people diagnosed with schizophrenia.
{"title":"Fear of psychotic relapse: exploring dynamic relationships with common early warning signs of relapse using electronic once-a-day self-reports","authors":"S. Allan, C. O’Driscoll, H. Mcleod, J. Gleeson, J. Farhall, Emma Morton, I. Bell, Simon Bradstreet, Mathew Machin, A. Gumley","doi":"10.1080/17522439.2022.2162955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2022.2162955","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Fear of relapse into psychosis is an independent risk factor for future relapse events, indicating its importance as a novel intervention target. Methods: Twenty-five participants responded to daily ecological momentary assessment prompts assessing common early warning signs of relapse and self-reported positive experiences like feeling supported by others. We conducted multilevel vector auto-regression using common symptoms assessed in early warning signs monitoring relapse prevention while controlling for positive self-reported experiences like feeling supported by others to estimate three networks (to explore concurrent, temporal and overall relationships). Results: Reporting fear of relapse was positively associated (within the same cross-sectional time window) with hearing voices, alongside anxiety, negative affect and sleep change. Fear of relapse appeared to predict anxiety, negative affect and greater fear of relapse on the next consecutive day. However, none of the typical early warning signs predicted fear of relapse within the temporal window, and the observed relationships were small. Discussion: Early warning signs appeared to be poor predictors of experiencing fear of relapse in this study. Fear of relapse predicts later anxiety and negative affect and may be a valuable intervention target within the daily life of people diagnosed with schizophrenia.","PeriodicalId":46344,"journal":{"name":"Psychosis-Psychological Social and Integrative Approaches","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45127484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-18DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2163686
Joanna Farr, J. Rhodes, E. Baruch, Jonathan A. Smith
{"title":"First episode psychotic mania and its aftermath: the experience of people diagnosed with bipolar disorder","authors":"Joanna Farr, J. Rhodes, E. Baruch, Jonathan A. Smith","doi":"10.1080/17522439.2022.2163686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2022.2163686","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46344,"journal":{"name":"Psychosis-Psychological Social and Integrative Approaches","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41776803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-04DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2116474
Lucy Carter, T. Isherwood, Anjula Gupta
{"title":"The experience of community mental health teams by people with long-term experience of psychosis","authors":"Lucy Carter, T. Isherwood, Anjula Gupta","doi":"10.1080/17522439.2022.2116474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2022.2116474","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46344,"journal":{"name":"Psychosis-Psychological Social and Integrative Approaches","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45000286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2023.2179208
J. Aaltonen, K. Lehtinen
{"title":"In memoriam: Yrjö Alanen 1927 – 2022","authors":"J. Aaltonen, K. Lehtinen","doi":"10.1080/17522439.2023.2179208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2023.2179208","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46344,"journal":{"name":"Psychosis-Psychological Social and Integrative Approaches","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49121727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：