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Assessment of diaphragmatic mobility by chest ultrasound and basic echocardiography in patients with malignant pleural effusion undergoing pleurodesis 恶性胸腔积液行胸膜截留患者的胸部超声和基本超声心动图评价膈肌活动度
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_75_21
Adel A. M. Saeed, A. Gomaa, H. Ezzelregal, E. Elbaz
Background Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is prevalent, and in cases such as aging patients as well as increased long-term survival for metastatic cancers, the number of patients will continue to elevate in the near future. Aim To assess both the diaphragmatic mobility using chest ultrasound and basic echocardiography before and after pleurodesis in patients with MPE. Patients and methods This study included 35 patients with MPE; the diagnosis is based on positive pleural fluid cytology, thoracoscopic biopsy, and fitted for chemical pleurodesis by bleomycin. Baseline chest ultrasound was done to for assess the diaphragmatic mobility and basic echocardiography. Chemical pleurodesis was done through intrapleural injection of 1 IU/kg bleomycin as a sclerosing agent in 100 ml of normal saline. Results Regarding outcome, 17 (48.6%) patients succeeded (defined as absent lung sliding and no reaccumulation of pleural fluid in the lines examined) and 7 (20%) patients failed (known as reaccumulation of pleural fluid and (even with) no presence of lung sliding). There was a statistically substantial decrease in the diaphragmatic excursion (mobility) at 2 weeks and at 2 months after pleurodesis than before. A significant relation was detected between outcome of the studied patients with lung sliding before pleurodesis, whereas there was a substantial increase in pleurodesis success with no presence of lung sliding at 2 weeks and at 2 months after pleurodesis. Conclusion Ultrasound of the diaphragm is an uncomplicated, noninvasive method for estimating the contractile activity of diaphragm. The decrease in the diaphragmatic excursion at 2 weeks and at 2 months after pleurodesis compared with that before pleurodesis can be used as sign to predict pleurodesis success. There is no significant relation between echocardiography measurements and outcome except that normal left ventricle ejection fraction % has a significant relation with increased success outcome.
恶性胸腔积液(MPE)很普遍,在老年患者以及转移性癌症的长期生存率增加的情况下,患者数量将在不久的将来继续增加。目的探讨胸膜穿刺胸膜穿刺患者胸膜穿刺前后胸腔镜及基础超声心动图对膈肌活动的影响。患者与方法本研究纳入35例MPE患者;诊断是基于阳性的胸膜液细胞学,胸腔镜活检,适合用博来霉素进行化学胸膜切除术。基线胸部超声检查评估膈肌活动度和基本超声心动图。通过胸腔内注射1 IU/kg作为硬化剂的博来霉素,加入100 ml生理盐水中进行化学胸膜穿刺。结果:17例(48.6%)患者成功(定义为无肺滑动,检查线内无胸水再积聚),7例(20%)患者失败(称为胸水再积聚,甚至没有肺滑动)。在胸膜切除术后2周和2个月,膈肌漂移(活动)比术前有统计学上的显著减少。研究发现,胸膜切除术前肺滑动患者的预后之间存在显著相关性,而胸膜切除术后2周和2个月无肺滑动的胸膜切除术成功率显著增加。结论超声测量膈肌是一种简便、无创的测量膈肌收缩活动的方法。胸膜切除术后2周和2个月膈移位的减少与胸膜切除术前相比,可以作为预测胸膜切除术成功的标志。除了正常左心室射血分数%与成功率增加有显著关系外,超声心动图测量结果与预后无显著关系。
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引用次数: 0
Heat shock protein-90: Independent predictor of rheumatoid arthritis-associated usual interstitial pneumonia 热休克蛋白90:类风湿关节炎相关的常规间质性肺炎的独立预测因子
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_62_21
H. Assal, A. Shalaby, Samar Farrag, Asmaa Ali, I. Ibrahim, R. Elkaffas, I. Sabry
Background It has recently been shown that the heat shock protein (HSP) is implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. The current trial was achieved to detect the relation of HSP-90 in usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP)-associated rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Results Sixty RA patients were studied. Their mean age was 49.63 ± 9.22 years with a mean disease duration of 7.5 (2–14) years. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest was performed on all patients. Thirty four (56.6%) patients had abnormal radiological findings in CT chest and 26 (43.3%) had normal CT chest findings. In patients with pulmonary involvement by HRCT, the most common abnormality found was small airway disease in 23 (38.3%), followed by UIP in nine (15%), and rheumatoid nodules in two (3.3%) patients. Patients with UIP pattern in HRCT chest has a significant higher level of HSP-90 level in comparison with those with RA-associated small airway disease pattern, P=0.003, and in comparison with other RA patients with no pulmonary involvement by HRCT, P=0.006. Conclusions HSP-90 was significantly elevated in UIP-associated RA and hence studying its inhibition in further studies would have a promising therapeutic role in this subset of patients.
最近有研究表明,热休克蛋白(HSP)与肺纤维化的发病机制有关。目前的试验是为了检测HSP-90与通常间质性肺炎(UIP)相关的类风湿关节炎(RA)的关系。结果本组共60例RA患者。平均年龄49.63±9.22岁,平均病程7.5(2 ~ 14)年。所有患者均行胸部高分辨率计算机断层扫描(HRCT)。34例(56.6%)胸部CT表现异常,26例(43.3%)胸部CT表现正常。在肺部受累的HRCT患者中,最常见的异常是23例(38.3%)的小气道疾病,其次是9例(15%)的UIP, 2例(3.3%)的类风湿结节。HRCT胸部UIP型患者的HSP-90水平明显高于RA相关小气道疾病型患者,P=0.003;与其他HRCT未累及肺部的RA患者相比,P=0.006。结论HSP-90在uip相关性RA中显著升高,因此进一步研究其抑制作用将对这类患者具有良好的治疗作用。
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引用次数: 0
Post-coronavirus disease 2019 sequelae on male-reproductive functions: A cohort observational study 2019冠状病毒病后后遗症对男性生殖功能的影响:一项队列观察研究
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_15_22
M. Mousa, M. Elshazly, M. A. Abd El Salam, Salwa Ahmed
Objectives The corona virus SARS-COV-2 has affected millions of people all over the world with much affection and damage to body systems and organs, and still, its long-term effects are debatable. Up till now, a lot of ongoing researches are being conducted to evaluate the deleterious effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on various systems, including reproduction, however, it is still debatable. Patients and methods Our cohort study included a total of 57 male COVID-19 patients, confirmed positive via nasopharyngeal PCR swab. The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation between the severity of COVID-19 infection and post-COVID sequelae on male-reproductive functions as regards semen parameters and male-hormone profile at the first and third month after discharge from the hospital. Results Our results have demonstrated highly statistically significant changes in sperm concentration, sperm total, and progressive motility, as well as follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and E2-hormone levels on the first and third month post-COVID infection with P value less than 0.001. In the same context, there was a statistical significance to testosterone-hormone level with P value 0.003. According to COVID-19 severity, there was a highly significant correlation between the degree of severity and affection of sperm concentration, total, and progressive motility with P value less than 0.001. In contrast, there was no significant correlation between the severity of infection and male-hormone profile. Conclusion The current study revealed a negative influence of COVID-19 infection on semen parameters as well as male-sex hormones (follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, and E2) on the first and third month post-COVID infection; however, only semen parameters were affected by the degree of disease severity.
冠状病毒SARS-COV-2已经影响了全世界数百万人,对身体系统和器官造成了很大的影响和损害,但其长期影响仍存在争议。到目前为止,人们正在进行大量研究,以评估2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)对包括生殖在内的各个系统的有害影响,但仍存在争议。患者和方法本队列研究共纳入57例男性COVID-19患者,经鼻咽PCR拭子确诊为阳性。本研究的目的是评估COVID-19感染严重程度与出院后第1个月和第3个月精液参数和男性激素水平对男性生殖功能的影响。结果我们的研究结果显示,在感染后第1个月和第3个月,精子浓度、精子总数、进行性运动以及促卵泡激素、黄体生成素和e2激素水平的变化具有高度统计学意义,P值小于0.001。在相同背景下,睾酮激素水平差异有统计学意义,P值为0.003。根据COVID-19严重程度,严重程度与精子浓度、总活力和进行性活力的影响呈高度显著相关,P值小于0.001。相比之下,感染的严重程度与男性激素水平之间没有明显的相关性。结论COVID-19感染对精液参数以及男性性激素(促卵泡激素、黄体生成素、睾酮和E2)在感染后1个月和3个月均有负面影响;然而,只有精液参数受疾病严重程度的影响。
{"title":"Post-coronavirus disease 2019 sequelae on male-reproductive functions: A cohort observational study","authors":"M. Mousa, M. Elshazly, M. A. Abd El Salam, Salwa Ahmed","doi":"10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_15_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_15_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives The corona virus SARS-COV-2 has affected millions of people all over the world with much affection and damage to body systems and organs, and still, its long-term effects are debatable. Up till now, a lot of ongoing researches are being conducted to evaluate the deleterious effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on various systems, including reproduction, however, it is still debatable. Patients and methods Our cohort study included a total of 57 male COVID-19 patients, confirmed positive via nasopharyngeal PCR swab. The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation between the severity of COVID-19 infection and post-COVID sequelae on male-reproductive functions as regards semen parameters and male-hormone profile at the first and third month after discharge from the hospital. Results Our results have demonstrated highly statistically significant changes in sperm concentration, sperm total, and progressive motility, as well as follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and E2-hormone levels on the first and third month post-COVID infection with P value less than 0.001. In the same context, there was a statistical significance to testosterone-hormone level with P value 0.003. According to COVID-19 severity, there was a highly significant correlation between the degree of severity and affection of sperm concentration, total, and progressive motility with P value less than 0.001. In contrast, there was no significant correlation between the severity of infection and male-hormone profile. Conclusion The current study revealed a negative influence of COVID-19 infection on semen parameters as well as male-sex hormones (follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, and E2) on the first and third month post-COVID infection; however, only semen parameters were affected by the degree of disease severity.","PeriodicalId":46359,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82582510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Periodic limb movement in sleep before and after continuous positive airway pressure titration in obstructive sleep-apnea patients 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者持续气道正压滴定前后睡眠中的周期性肢体运动
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_27_22
Lamees M. Bakkar, Reham Elmorshedy, S. Farghaly
Background Periodic limb movement during sleep (PLMS) could exist with patients diagnosed as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the most competent therapy for OSA. However, its effect on PLM remains controversial. Aim To evaluate PLMS prevalence in OSA patients and the impact of CPAP titration on PLM outcome. Patients and methods Patients with history suggestive of OSA underwent full attended diagnostic and CPAP titration sleep study. On baseline polysomnography, OSA patients with PLM less than 5 were considered pure OSA and those with periodic limb-movement index more than or equal to 5 were considered combined group. Post-CPAP titration, patients were considered CPAP responders, CPAP persistent, CPAP emergent, or non-PLM group according to response of PLM. Results Out of 100 included OSA patients, the combined group was found in 53 patients. CPAP responder group was reported in 27 patients, while 25 and 24 patients were considered CPAP persistent and CPAP emergent, respectively. CPAP-emergent group showed significantly higher apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) than non-PLM group on baseline polysomnography. On the other hand, AHI was comparable in CPAP-persistent and responder group, despite normalization of AHI in both groups after titration. On multivariate regression analysis, old age was found to be an independent predictor for both persistence and emergence of PLM and higher AHI was an independent predictor in CPAP-emergent group. Conclusion PLMS can coexist with OSA in old-age patients, which may persist after CPAP titration. Elderly patients, especially those with baseline higher AHI, may also present with CPAP-emergent PLMS.
背景阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)患者可能存在睡眠期间周期性肢体运动(PLMS)。持续气道正压通气(CPAP)是OSA最有效的治疗方法。然而,它对PLM的影响仍然存在争议。目的探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)患者PLM的患病率及CPAP滴定对PLM预后的影响。患者与方法对有OSA病史的患者进行全程陪同的诊断和CPAP滴定睡眠研究。在基线多导睡眠图中,PLM小于5的OSA患者为单纯OSA,周期性肢体运动指数大于等于5的OSA患者为联合组。CPAP滴定后,根据患者对PLM的反应分为CPAP应答组、CPAP持续组、CPAP紧急组和非PLM组。结果100例OSA患者中53例为联合用药组。27例患者报告了CPAP应答组,而25例和24例患者分别被认为是持续CPAP和紧急CPAP。基线多导睡眠图显示,cpap急救组呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)明显高于非plm组。另一方面,尽管两组在滴定后AHI恢复正常,但cpap持续组和反应组的AHI具有可比性。多因素回归分析发现,年龄是PLM持续和出现的独立预测因子,而较高的AHI是cpap出现组的独立预测因子。结论老年患者PLMS可与OSA共存,并可在CPAP滴定后持续存在。老年患者,尤其是基线AHI较高的患者,也可能出现cpap引发的PLMS。
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引用次数: 0
Role of noncontrast magnetic resonance pulmonary imaging in diagnosis of pulmonary embolism 非对比磁共振肺成像在肺栓塞诊断中的作用
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_62_22
O. Mohammad, A. Okab, Enas Sweed, Salwa Mohammed Elsaid, M. Sadek
Background Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a serious condition and has a clinical dilemma in diagnosis. Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is a gold standard in its diagnosis, but MRI has proven a good role in PE diagnosis. Aim The aim of this work was to evaluate the role of noncontrast magnetic resonance pulmonary angiography (MRPA) imaging in diagnosis of acute PE using CTPA as a gold standard. Patients and methods In total, 25 patients with PE confirmed by CTPA were included in this study. All patients underwent computed tomography angiography and noncontrast MRPA on the same day or within three consecutive days. The results were compared and statistically analyzed. Results The mean age of the study group was 46.4 ± 13.5 years. Females represent 60% (15/25) and males represent 40% (10/25). The per-vessel sensitivity of noncontrast MRPA reached to about 100% with specificity 100% at the level of the main trunk, right and left main pulmonary arteries down to segmental arteries. The sensitivity for right subsegmental branches was 25% and left subsegmental branches was 33.3%. Conclusion The noncontrast MRPA has a reasonable sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of PE, especially in major branches. So, it can be used as an alternative to the computed tomography angiography, especially when the computed tomography angiography and the use of gadolinium are contraindicated.
肺栓塞(PE)是一种严重的疾病,临床诊断困难。ct肺血管造影(CTPA)是其诊断的金标准,但MRI已被证明在PE诊断中具有良好的作用。目的以非对比磁共振肺血管造影(MRPA)为金标准,评价其在急性PE诊断中的作用。患者与方法本研究共纳入25例经CTPA确诊的PE患者。所有患者在同一天或连续三天内接受了计算机断层血管造影和非对比MRPA检查。对结果进行比较和统计分析。结果研究组患者平均年龄46.4±13.5岁。女性占60%(15/25),男性占40%(10/25)。在主干、左右肺动脉主干至节段动脉水平,非对比MRPA的单支敏感性可达100%左右,特异性为100%。右亚节段分支敏感性为25%,左亚节段分支敏感性为33.3%。结论非对比MRPA对PE的诊断具有合理的敏感性和特异性,尤其是对大分支PE的诊断。因此,它可以作为计算机断层血管造影的替代方法,特别是当计算机断层血管造影和钆的使用是禁忌的时候。
{"title":"Role of noncontrast magnetic resonance pulmonary imaging in diagnosis of pulmonary embolism","authors":"O. Mohammad, A. Okab, Enas Sweed, Salwa Mohammed Elsaid, M. Sadek","doi":"10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_62_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_62_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a serious condition and has a clinical dilemma in diagnosis. Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is a gold standard in its diagnosis, but MRI has proven a good role in PE diagnosis. Aim The aim of this work was to evaluate the role of noncontrast magnetic resonance pulmonary angiography (MRPA) imaging in diagnosis of acute PE using CTPA as a gold standard. Patients and methods In total, 25 patients with PE confirmed by CTPA were included in this study. All patients underwent computed tomography angiography and noncontrast MRPA on the same day or within three consecutive days. The results were compared and statistically analyzed. Results The mean age of the study group was 46.4 ± 13.5 years. Females represent 60% (15/25) and males represent 40% (10/25). The per-vessel sensitivity of noncontrast MRPA reached to about 100% with specificity 100% at the level of the main trunk, right and left main pulmonary arteries down to segmental arteries. The sensitivity for right subsegmental branches was 25% and left subsegmental branches was 33.3%. Conclusion The noncontrast MRPA has a reasonable sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of PE, especially in major branches. So, it can be used as an alternative to the computed tomography angiography, especially when the computed tomography angiography and the use of gadolinium are contraindicated.","PeriodicalId":46359,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72417925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Alveolar hemorrhage linked to Evans syndrome 肺泡出血与埃文斯综合征有关
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_73_21
N. Belloumi, M. Bougacha, I. Bachouch, C. Habouria, F. Chermiti, S. Fenniche
Evans syndrome associates thrombocytopenia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, and/or neutropenia with a positive direct antihuman globulin test. It is an autoimmune entity. We report here a case of a 71-year-old patient followed up for Evans syndrome, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and moderate chronic renal failure. He was hospitalized for massive hemoptysis and decline of platelet blood count to under 40 000 cells/mm3. Alveolar hemorrhage was so extended in computed tomography scan. The acute respiratory failure was followed by a systemic shock and then death. This disease has no consensual treatment but some therapies are effective. Preventive management should be considered to avoid cataclysmic complications.
Evans综合征将血小板减少症、自身免疫性溶血性贫血和/或中性粒细胞减少症与直接抗人球蛋白试验阳性联系起来。这是一种自身免疫性疾病我们在此报告一位71岁的病人,因Evans症候群、动脉高血压、糖尿病及中度慢性肾功能衰竭而接受随访。患者因大量咯血和血小板计数下降至40000细胞/mm3以下而住院。肺泡出血在计算机断层扫描中可见。急性呼吸衰竭之后是全身休克,最后死亡。这种疾病没有双方同意的治疗方法,但有些治疗方法是有效的。预防管理应考虑,以避免灾难性的并发症。
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引用次数: 0
Correlation between diaphragmatic mobility by transthoracic ultrasound and echocardiography findings in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis 特发性肺纤维化患者经胸超声膈肌活动度与超声心动图表现的相关性
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_18_22
Adel A. M. Saeed, Ibraheem Dwidar, E. AbdelFattah, Khaled Elnady, Mustafa Nagdy
Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is known as a particular pattern of persistent gradually developing fibrosing interstitial pneumonia of unspecified cause that takes place mainly in elder adults, is restricted to the lungs, and is correlated with the radiological and/or histopathological pattern of usual interstitial pneumonia. Patients with IPF exhibit characteristic features regarding the respiratory and cardiac muscle function. The lack of an association between diaphragmatic mobility and echocardiography findings of right and left ventricle functions in patients with IPF was unexpected as transthoracic ultrasound (US) and echocardiography are feasible, reproducible, noninvasive, and largely adopted in the clinical practice and in clinical trials. Objective To correlate between diaphragmatic mobility using transthoracic US and ventricular functions using echocardiography in patients with IPF. Patients and methods A prospective case–control study was conducted in which 40 patients with IPF and 10 controls underwent transthoracic US assessment of diaphragmatic excursion and echocardiography study, and then the results were correlated. Results There was a statistically significant decrease in deep breathing excursion, right ventricle functional area change, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, and ejection fraction in addition to an increase in pulmonary artery systolic pressure among the study group. Both normal breathing excursion and deep breathing excursion have a positive correlation with right ventricle functional area change and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, whereas a negative correlation was seen with age and pulmonary artery systolic pressure in both study and control groups. Conclusions Transthoracic US assessment of diaphragmatic mobility can clearly reflect the right ventricle function in patients with IPF.
特发性肺纤维化(IPF)是一种特殊类型的持续逐渐发展的原因不明的纤维化间质性肺炎,主要发生在老年人中,局限于肺部,与通常的间质性肺炎的影像学和/或组织病理学模式相关。IPF患者在呼吸和心肌功能方面表现出特征性特征。由于经胸超声(US)和超声心动图是可行的、可重复的、无创的,并且在临床实践和临床试验中广泛采用,因此在IPF患者中膈肌活动度与左右心室功能超声心动图结果之间缺乏相关性是出乎意料的。目的探讨IPF患者经胸超声心动图膈肌活动度与心室功能的相关性。患者与方法采用前瞻性病例对照研究方法,对40例IPF患者和10例对照者进行经胸超声心动图检查和膈肌漂移评估,并将结果进行相关性分析。结果实验组患者的深呼吸偏移、右心室功能面积变化、三尖瓣环平面收缩偏移、射血分数均显著降低,肺动脉收缩压升高。正常呼吸偏移和深呼吸偏移与右心室功能区变化和三尖瓣环平面收缩偏移呈正相关,而与年龄和肺动脉收缩压呈负相关。结论经胸超声测量膈肌活动度能清晰反映IPF患者的右心室功能。
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引用次数: 0
Relationship between incidence and mortality of asthma with PM2.5, ozone, and household air pollution from 1990 to 2106 in the world: An ecological study 1990 ~ 2106年世界哮喘发病率和死亡率与PM2.5、臭氧和家庭空气污染关系的生态学研究
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_5_22
F. Ahmadi, Z. Fallah, F. Shadmani, Meisam Allahmoradi, Pegah Salahshoor, Sheler Ahmadi, Kamyar Mansori
Background Asthma is a chronic airway disease characterized by an overreaction of the airways to a wide range of stimuli. Objective To determine the relationship between the incidence and mortality rate of asthma and the levels of PM2.5, ozone, and household air pollution (HAP) from 1990 to 2016 in the world. Materials and methods This ecological study was conducted across 194 countries. The asthma incidence and mortality rates were extracted from IHME Global Burden of Disease databases. Data on average annual population-weighted HAP, PM2.5, and ozone were obtained from the State of Global Air website. A model-based clustering with a finite mixture of matrix-variate normal distributions was used to identify countries with a similar pattern of three air pollution index values. The number of clusters was determined by the Bayesian information criterion, and R software was used for integrated completed likelihood criterion. The random-effects model was applied to evaluate the relationship between asthma incidence in groups and different years by using the SAS software. Results The countries were classified into five clusters in terms of the mean of PM2.5, ozone, and HAP. The incidence rates had a decreasing trend during 1990–2005 and an increasing trend during 2011–2016 in the clusters. The lowest incidence and mortality rates were observed for countries of cluster 3. The highest incidence and mortality rates were observed for countries in clusters 1 and 2, respectively. The incidence and mortality ratio trends experienced an increase in cluster 1 and a decrease in other clusters. Conclusions Depending on the mortality and incidence trends of asthma in countries in each cluster, effective national and international intervention measures are recommended to deal with such pollutants.
哮喘是一种慢性气道疾病,其特征是气道对各种刺激的过度反应。目的探讨1990 - 2016年世界哮喘发病率和死亡率与PM2.5、臭氧和家庭空气污染(HAP)水平的关系。材料和方法本生态研究在194个国家进行。哮喘发病率和死亡率从IHME全球疾病负担数据库中提取。年平均人口加权HAP、PM2.5和臭氧数据来自全球空气状况网站。采用基于模型的聚类方法,利用矩阵变量正态分布的有限混合来识别具有三个空气污染指数值相似模式的国家。聚类数量采用贝叶斯信息准则确定,综合完全似然准则采用R软件。采用随机效应模型,应用SAS软件评价各组哮喘发病率与不同年份的关系。结果根据PM2.5、臭氧和HAP的平均值将国家划分为5类。1990 ~ 2005年发病率呈下降趋势,2011 ~ 2016年呈上升趋势。第三类国家的发病率和死亡率最低。第1类和第2类国家的发病率和死亡率分别最高。发病率和死亡率趋势在聚类1中呈上升趋势,在其他聚类中呈下降趋势。结论根据每组国家哮喘的死亡率和发病率趋势,建议采取有效的国家和国际干预措施来处理这类污染物。
{"title":"Relationship between incidence and mortality of asthma with PM2.5, ozone, and household air pollution from 1990 to 2106 in the world: An ecological study","authors":"F. Ahmadi, Z. Fallah, F. Shadmani, Meisam Allahmoradi, Pegah Salahshoor, Sheler Ahmadi, Kamyar Mansori","doi":"10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_5_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_5_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background Asthma is a chronic airway disease characterized by an overreaction of the airways to a wide range of stimuli. Objective To determine the relationship between the incidence and mortality rate of asthma and the levels of PM2.5, ozone, and household air pollution (HAP) from 1990 to 2016 in the world. Materials and methods This ecological study was conducted across 194 countries. The asthma incidence and mortality rates were extracted from IHME Global Burden of Disease databases. Data on average annual population-weighted HAP, PM2.5, and ozone were obtained from the State of Global Air website. A model-based clustering with a finite mixture of matrix-variate normal distributions was used to identify countries with a similar pattern of three air pollution index values. The number of clusters was determined by the Bayesian information criterion, and R software was used for integrated completed likelihood criterion. The random-effects model was applied to evaluate the relationship between asthma incidence in groups and different years by using the SAS software. Results The countries were classified into five clusters in terms of the mean of PM2.5, ozone, and HAP. The incidence rates had a decreasing trend during 1990–2005 and an increasing trend during 2011–2016 in the clusters. The lowest incidence and mortality rates were observed for countries of cluster 3. The highest incidence and mortality rates were observed for countries in clusters 1 and 2, respectively. The incidence and mortality ratio trends experienced an increase in cluster 1 and a decrease in other clusters. Conclusions Depending on the mortality and incidence trends of asthma in countries in each cluster, effective national and international intervention measures are recommended to deal with such pollutants.","PeriodicalId":46359,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78413106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Predictors of severity in coronavirus disease 2019 hospitalized patients 2019年冠状病毒病住院患者严重程度的预测因素
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_2_22
Shima A. Ahmed, N. Mohammed, K. Alkhayat
Background Determination of predictors of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severe infection allows early intervention and appropriate treatment of patients at risk, so that we can improve outcome and allow better selection of patients who need hospitalization. Our aim is detection of factors linked to higher rates of complications and death in COVID-19 hospitalized patients. Results The study included 151 patients who were divided into mild, moderate, and severe groups; patients with age more than or equal to 60 were more in the severe category (P=0.001). The severe category had considerably more comorbidities (P=0.001). Patients with more than or equal to two comorbidities were more likely to be in the severe category (P=0.006). Obese patients with BMI more than 30 were substantially more likely to be in the severe category (P=0.004). Cough, fever, dyspnea, and vomiting were the most common presentations. Complications of COVID-19 infection were more likely to be detected in the severe category (P=0.001). In the severe category, lymphopenia, raised neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, and D-dimer were all considerably higher. O2 saturation on admission was significantly lower in the severe group with mean (SD) of 81.23 ± 9.22. Duration of admission was significantly longer in the severe group with a range of 9 (3–27) days. Mortality rate in our study was 7.9% (12 cases); all dead cases were included within the severe group. Conclusion Physicians should consider patients diagnosed as COVID-19 with high ferritin, elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, lymphopenia, obesity, and high D-dimer as risky for severe infection and need hospitalization with intensive care and proper management to decrease complications, mortality, and for proper triage of COVID-19 patients in hospitals.
背景确定2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)严重感染的预测因素,有助于对高危患者进行早期干预和适当治疗,从而改善预后,更好地选择需要住院治疗的患者。我们的目标是发现与COVID-19住院患者并发症和死亡率较高相关的因素。结果纳入151例患者,分为轻、中、重度组;年龄大于或等于60岁的患者多为重症(P=0.001)。严重组有更多的合并症(P=0.001)。合并两种以上合并症的患者更有可能属于重症(P=0.006)。BMI大于30的肥胖患者明显更有可能属于严重类别(P=0.004)。咳嗽、发烧、呼吸困难和呕吐是最常见的症状。重症组更容易发现COVID-19感染并发症(P=0.001)。重症患者淋巴细胞减少、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值升高、c反应蛋白、铁蛋白、乳酸脱氢酶和d -二聚体均明显升高。重症组入院时血氧饱和度明显降低,平均(SD)为81.23±9.22。重症组住院时间明显延长,为9(3 ~ 27)天。本研究死亡率为7.9%(12例);所有死亡病例均归为重症组。结论临床医师应将高铁蛋白、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值升高、淋巴细胞减少、肥胖和高d -二聚体诊断为COVID-19的患者视为严重感染的高危患者,需要住院进行重症监护和妥善管理,以减少并发症和死亡率,并对医院的COVID-19患者进行适当的分诊。
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引用次数: 0
Cough: A possible clinical presentation of monkeypox 咳嗽:猴痘的一种可能临床表现
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_73_22
Pathum Sooakromdee, V. Wiwanitkit
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis
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