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“What I want to do I do not do”: on bi- and multilingual repertoires and linguistic dislocation in a border town “我想做的事我不做”:关于边境小镇的双语和多语曲目和语言错位
IF 2.3 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-12-16 DOI: 10.1515/multi-2021-0096
Seong Lin Ding, Wei Han Chee
Abstract Language problems and language barriers are challenges facing not only immigrants but also minorities and people in rural/semirural areas. This study examines individuals’ bi- and multilingual repertoires, language practices and attitudes in a Hokkien-speaking community in Kangar, a semirural town of northern Malaysia bordering Thailand. Through questionnaire surveys and interviews, we investigate how these notions can be used as a means to understand/reflect bilingualism and multilingualism and, more importantly, the potential disparity between what people want to do/say and what people eventually manage to do/say. While there is a shift in language practice from a local- and ancestral origin-induced pattern towards a more “global” and “pan-Chinese” paradigm, the findings also reveal the linguistic “dislocations” of the Hokkien-speaking community across ALL generations regardless of ethnicity. The language issues in the community reflect—and are likely to be reflections of—society at large. The vast contrast between individual/societal linguistic aspirations and the actual linguistic repertoire/communicative competence among the locals indicates the need to redress an absence of major efforts to close urban-rural/city-town/dominant-dominated social divides across the (language) education landscape at the national level.
语言问题和语言障碍不仅是移民面临的挑战,也是少数民族和农村/半农村地区面临的挑战。本研究考察了马来西亚北部与泰国接壤的半乡村城镇加加尔(Kangar)闽南语社区中个人的双语和多语能力、语言实践和态度。通过问卷调查和访谈,我们研究了这些概念如何被用作理解/反映双语和多语的手段,更重要的是,人们想做什么/说什么和人们最终设法做什么/说什么之间的潜在差异。虽然语言实践从本地和祖先起源的模式转向更“全球”和“泛汉语”的范式,但研究结果也揭示了不分种族的所有世代的闽南语社区的语言“错位”。社区中的语言问题反映了——很可能是整个社会的反映。个人/社会语言愿望与当地人实际语言储备/交际能力之间的巨大反差表明,需要纠正在国家一级(语言)教育领域弥合城乡/城市/主导社会鸿沟的重大努力的缺失。
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引用次数: 3
Multilingual education in an Italian public preschool: teachers and families among mobility processes and inclusive practices 意大利公立幼儿园的多语言教育:教师和家庭在流动过程和包容性实践
IF 2.3 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-11-29 DOI: 10.1515/multi-2021-0124
Valentina Carbonara
Abstract This paper focuses on the integration of translanguaging practices in a public preschool situated in a small village in North-West of Italy. Mobility processes and local Italian families’ school choices have led to the raise of the number of students with an immigrant background enrolled at the studied preschool up to 85%. After a brief overview regarding mobility and translanguaging in education, particularly in relation to preschool domain, I describe the macro and micro contexts of this ethnographic case study. I then focus on the analysis of the main learning activities designed by teachers to engage children’s multilingual repertoires. Later, applying qualitative content analysis, I outline the main patterns and categories emerging from interviews and focus groups conducted with teachers and parents to investigate how they experienced the marginalization of immigrant minority children in their preschool and how they received the introduction of multilingual education approach. The results shows that the adoption of a translanguaging lens contributed to the educational legitimation of language diversity and to the acknowledgment of immigrant families. Finally, I discuss the results in terms of democratic language education and social justice, underlining their implications and relevance for preschools teachers’ professional development and agency.
摘要本文主要研究了意大利西北部一个小村庄的公立幼儿园的跨语言整合实践。流动过程和当地意大利家庭的学校选择导致移民背景的学生人数增加,在所研究的幼儿园入学,高达85%。在简要概述了教育中的流动性和翻译语言,特别是与学前教育领域有关的情况后,我描述了这个民族志案例研究的宏观和微观背景。然后,我重点分析了教师设计的主要学习活动,以吸引儿童的多语言库。随后,运用定性内容分析,我概述了访谈中出现的主要模式和类别,并对教师和家长进行了焦点小组调查,以调查他们如何经历移民少数民族儿童在学前班的边缘化以及他们如何接受多语言教育方法的介绍。结果表明,采用跨语言视角有助于语言多样性的教育合法化和对移民家庭的承认。最后,我讨论了民主语言教育和社会正义方面的结果,强调了它们对幼儿教师专业发展和代理的影响和相关性。
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引用次数: 2
Language norms in L2 education for adult migrants – translanguaging pedagogy in the age of mobility 成人移民第二语言教育中的语言规范——流动时代的译语教学法
IF 2.3 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-11-29 DOI: 10.1515/multi-2021-0123
Annika Norlund Shaswar
Abstract International mobility has caused a need for language education where adults can learn the language(s) used in their new country. In Sweden, the language programme SFI (Swedish for immigrants) provides basic second language education for adult immigrants. For those learners who are not yet functionally literate, basic literacy education is included. This article aims to explore the concept translanguaging pedagogy in relation to the articulated and embodied language norms of one SFI teacher. The empirical data, produced by ethnographic methodology, consists of classroom observations and semi-structural interviews. The method of analysis comprises a set of sociolinguistic questions, three categories of language norms (double monolingualism, integrated bilingualism and polylingualism) and discourse analysis, centering on deictics, indexical signs and reported speech. Findings show that although the teacher does engage in translanguaging practices, her teaching practices cannot be referred to as translanguaging pedagogy because she has made no deliberate decision to include the students’ full linguistic repertoires and there are contradictions both within and between her articulated and embodied language norms. It is concluded that it is crucial for educational development in contexts characterised by mobility that teachers in linguistically heterogeneous classrooms increase their awareness of their language norms and the students’ linguistic resources.
国际流动导致了对语言教育的需求,成年人可以在新的国家学习使用的语言。在瑞典,语言方案SFI(移民瑞典语)为成年移民提供基本的第二语言教育。对于那些尚未具备功能性识字能力的学习者,基本识字教育也包括在内。本文旨在从一位外语教师的语言表达规范和语言体现规范两方面探讨译语教学法的概念。由人种学方法论产生的经验数据包括课堂观察和半结构性访谈。分析方法包括一套社会语言学问题、三种语言规范(双单语、综合双语和多语)和语篇分析,以指示语、指示符号和转述语为中心。研究结果表明,尽管教师确实从事了译语实践,但她的教学实践不能被称为译语教学法,因为她没有刻意决定将学生的全部语言库包括在内,而且她的铰接语言规范和具体化语言规范之间存在矛盾。结论是,在以流动为特征的语境中,教师在语言异质性课堂中提高对其语言规范和学生语言资源的认识对教育发展至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Framing variation and intersectional identities within Indonesia’s ethnic Chinese minority 印度尼西亚华人少数民族内部的框架变异和交叉身份
IF 2.3 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-11-29 DOI: 10.1515/multi-2021-0036
Jess Birnie-Smith
Abstract Variationist researchers are increasingly adopting intersectionality approaches to analyse identity-linked practice. However, the field of sociolinguistic variation is yet to embrace the full ramifications of intersectionality as an analytical framework. The current paper offers a new method for integrating intersectional approaches into variationist studies by operationalising Blommaert, Jan & Anna De Fina. 2017. Chronotopic identities: On the timespace organization of who we are. In Anna De Fina & Jeremy Wegner (eds.), Diversity and super-diversity, 1–14. Washington: Georgetown University Press chronotopic frame theory. This method is used to examine how the intersectionality of ethnic, national, and peer-group identities is structured and reproduced in different ways through Chinese Indonesian youths’ selection of multilingual variants of an agreement marker in their peer-to-peer interactions at educational institutions in Pontianak city, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. The results illustrate how chronotopic frame approaches to studying identity-linked variation heed calls for integrations of intersectionality to move beyond accounting for intracategorical complexity and instead examine the dynamic mutual constitution of social categories that better represents marginalised people’s lived experiences.
变分论研究者越来越多地采用交叉性方法来分析与身份相关的实践。然而,社会语言学变异领域尚未将交叉性的全部后果作为分析框架。本文通过Blommaert, Jan & Anna De Fina(2017)的操作,提供了一种将交叉方法整合到变分主义研究中的新方法。时空身份:关于我们是谁的时空组织。在Anna De Fina和Jeremy Wegner(编),多样性和超级多样性,1-14。华盛顿:乔治敦大学出版社,时间框架理论。本研究通过在印尼西加里曼丹市Pontianak市的教育机构中,华裔印尼青年在对等互动中选择多语言的协议标记变体,研究种族、国家和同伴群体身份的交叉性是如何以不同的方式构建和再现的。研究结果表明,研究身份相关变异的时位框架方法需要整合交叉性,以超越对类别内复杂性的考虑,而是研究社会类别的动态相互构成,更好地代表边缘化人群的生活经历。
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引用次数: 0
Ideological and implementational spaces for translanguaging in the language introduction programme in Swedish Upper Secondary School 瑞典高中语言入门课程中译语的思想和实施空间
IF 2.3 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-11-25 DOI: 10.1515/multi-2021-0126
Åsa Wedin
Abstract This article investigates to what extent spaces created in the language introduction programme (LIP) in Upper Secondary School in Sweden close or open up for students’ varied linguistic resources, to create an understanding of the implementational spaces of the educational environments that the school represents, and of the ideological underpinnings that these imply. In the analysis, schoolscaping is used based on displayed language on the school premises in combination with language practices in classrooms. The material analyzed consists of photographs, both from classrooms and shared spaces, together with field notes from observations. The analysis made conflicting ideologies visible. Although students were invited to use their languages in classrooms, these were rarely made visible in written form, which is remarkable as written language is given great value in school. The relative invisibility of the LIP students’ languages in the schoolscape, except for in their own classrooms, together with the physical separation from other students at the school, paints a picture of expectations of assimilation and of a monolingual ideology, where the goal is that students become Swedish-speaking. Thus, the conclusion is that there are implementational spaces in the partly closed space that constructs LIP, while ideological spaces are rather closed.
本文调查了瑞典高中语言介绍课程(LIP)中创建的空间在多大程度上关闭或开放了学生的各种语言资源,以创造对学校所代表的教育环境的实施空间的理解,以及这些空间所隐含的意识形态基础。在分析中,学校景观是基于校园内的语言展示,结合课堂上的语言实践。分析的材料包括来自教室和共享空间的照片,以及来自观察的现场笔记。这种分析使意识形态的冲突变得清晰可见。虽然学生们被邀请在课堂上使用他们的语言,但这些很少以书面形式出现,这是值得注意的,因为书面语言在学校里被赋予了很大的价值。除了在自己的教室里,LIP学生的语言在学校环境中相对不显眼,再加上与学校其他学生的物理隔离,描绘了一幅同化的期望和单一语言意识形态的画面,其目标是学生成为瑞典语。因此,结论是在构建LIP的部分封闭空间中存在着实施空间,而意识形态空间是相当封闭的。
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引用次数: 0
Chronotopic translanguaging and the mobile languaging subject: insights from an Algerian academic sojourner in the UK 时间变换语言和移动语言主题:来自阿尔及利亚学者旅居英国的见解
IF 2.3 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-11-25 DOI: 10.1515/multi-2021-0122
Hadjer Taibi, Khawla Badwan
Abstract This study discusses the impact of spatial, temporal and virtual mobility on how mobile individuals talk about language in their world, and how they use language offline and online to communicate over time and across space. We introduce the notion of chronotopic translanguaging to highlight the significance of merging time and place in sociolinguistics. Doing so, we present a rather stretched understanding of time to include references to real time, online compressed time, linguistic ideologies and practices carried over time and challenged in recent times, as well as understanding time as an ecological factor. We interviewed Ekram, an Algerian academic sojourner, and observed her Facebook profile before and after coming to the UK. Our findings suggest that the networked lives of the participant beget fluid translanguaging practices that are constantly (re)negotiated depending to the ecology of interaction. Through entering and existing multiple time-space frames, Ekram found herself reunited with communicative repertoires she has not used for years. She also developed new relationships with other repertoires. This study concludes by emphasising the usefulness of chronotopic translanguaging as a conceptual tool that permits, and accounts for, the time-place influence on how mobile individuals deploy their communicative repertoires.
摘要:本研究探讨了空间、时间和虚拟流动性对流动个体在其世界中如何谈论语言的影响,以及他们如何在线下和线上使用语言进行跨时空交流。我们引入时位译语的概念,以强调时间和地点在社会语言学中融合的重要性。这样做,我们提出了一个相当延伸的时间理解,包括对实时,在线压缩时间,语言意识形态和实践的参考,随着时间的推移和最近的挑战,以及理解时间作为一个生态因素。我们采访了阿尔及利亚的旅居学者Ekram,并观察了她来英国前后的Facebook资料。我们的研究结果表明,参与者的网络生活产生了流动的译语实践,这些实践根据互动的生态不断(重新)协商。通过进入和存在多个时空框架,Ekram发现自己重新使用了多年未使用的交流曲目。她还与其他曲目建立了新的关系。本研究的结论是强调了时位翻译作为一种概念工具的实用性,它允许并解释了时空对流动个体如何部署其交际技能的影响。
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引用次数: 1
Translanguaging pathways to higher education: a transition program for highly educated refugees 高等教育的跨语言途径:高学历难民的过渡计划
IF 2.3 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-11-25 DOI: 10.1515/multi-2021-0127
J. Duarte, Mirjam Günther-van der Meij
Abstract The paper focuses on translanguaging practices of highly skilled refugees in a transition program in Dutch higher education. The pathways for refugees to enter higher education are full of obstacles. Acquiring the new language at a university level is one of the biggest challenges. Many institutions offer ‘transition programs’ to prepare refugees for their studies. These are mostly focused on acquiring language skills and general basic skills in subjects such as Mathematics and Cultural Diversity. The Dutch transition program described in this paper was specifically developed to make use of students’ multilingual repertoires. The resource-oriented pedagogy of translanguaging is used to give space to all languages, leverage students’ resources and contribute to their academic and language development. In this research, data from one year of the Dutch transition program was collected to study a) how teachers engage in official translanguaging practices during instruction and b) to what extent teachers develop other practices to engage with their students’ multilingual repertoires. Results from interaction analysis show that the teachers, although mainly using the language of instruction (Dutch), did use a variety of translanguaging practices, and created other ways to encourage students’ multilingualism, such as engaging in language comparisons and raising language awareness.
摘要:本文主要关注荷兰高等教育过渡项目中高技能难民的跨语言实践。难民进入高等教育的道路充满了障碍。在大学阶段学习新语言是最大的挑战之一。许多机构提供“过渡计划”,为难民的学业做准备。这些课程主要侧重于获得语言技能和数学和文化多样性等学科的一般基本技能。本文中描述的荷兰语过渡计划是专门为利用学生的多语言库而开发的。资源导向的译语教学法是为所有语言提供空间,充分利用学生的资源,促进他们的学业和语言发展。在这项研究中,收集了荷兰过渡计划一年的数据,以研究a)教师如何在教学过程中参与官方的翻译实践,b)教师在多大程度上发展其他实践来参与学生的多语言技能。互动分析的结果表明,教师虽然主要使用教学语言(荷兰语),但确实使用了多种跨语言实践,并创造了其他方式来鼓励学生使用多种语言,例如进行语言比较和提高语言意识。
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引用次数: 0
A review of Jie Zhang’s Language policy and planning for the modern olympic games 张杰的语言政策与现代奥运会规划述评
IF 2.3 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-11-25 DOI: 10.1515/multi-2021-0121
Michael Chesnut
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引用次数: 0
Frontmatter
IF 2.3 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1515/multi-2021-frontmatter6
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引用次数: 0
Lifting the voices of Spanish-speaking Kansans: a community-engaged approach to health equity 提高讲西班牙语的堪萨斯人的声音:社区参与的卫生公平方法
IF 2.3 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-10-11 DOI: 10.1515/multi-2021-0082
Rachel Showstack, Silvia Duque, Nikki Keene Woods, Ana López, Amy K. Chesser
Abstract An important component of social justice research is centering the voices of those individuals whose lives the research is intended to improve, not as subjects from whom researchers collect data but as active participants in a process of understanding and addressing issues of concern to the community. This ideal of community engagement slows the pace of dissemination of traditional social science or sociolinguistic scholarship but also allows scholars and community members to collaborate to identify and implement meaningful solutions to community problems. We describe a process of engagement of Spanish-speaking patients, interpreters, and healthcare providers in developing a health equity agenda for Spanish speakers in Kansas, grounded in a community-based participatory approach called Patient-Centered Outcomes Research. Stakeholders were engaged through sharing and amplifying their testimonios, stories that tied personal experiences of encountering language barriers in healthcare with calls to action, and they contributed to decisions about what to do with the stories and how to respond to the problems they identified. The result of our engagement process is the formation of a community-based team that has amplified the voices of Spanish-speaking patients and families to reach a range of audiences and responded to a number of evolving community needs. We provide recommendations for language researchers interested in pursuing community-engaged work and explore the possibilities for aligning such work with the expectations of academic institutions.
社会正义研究的一个重要组成部分是关注那些个人的声音,这些个人的生活不是作为研究人员收集数据的对象,而是作为理解和解决社区关注问题过程的积极参与者。这种社区参与的理想减缓了传统社会科学或社会语言学学术的传播速度,但也允许学者和社区成员合作,确定并实施有意义的社区问题解决方案。我们描述了在堪萨斯州讲西班牙语的患者、口译员和医疗保健提供者参与制定西班牙语健康公平议程的过程,该过程基于以社区为基础的参与式方法,称为以患者为中心的结果研究。利益相关者通过分享和放大他们的证词,将他们在医疗保健中遇到语言障碍的个人经历与行动呼吁联系起来的故事,参与其中,他们就如何处理这些故事以及如何应对他们发现的问题做出了决定。我们参与过程的结果是形成了一个以社区为基础的团队,扩大了讲西班牙语的患者和家属的声音,以接触到广泛的受众,并回应了一些不断变化的社区需求。我们为有兴趣从事社区参与工作的语言研究人员提供建议,并探索使这些工作与学术机构的期望保持一致的可能性。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
Multilingua-Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication
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