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Language choice in churches in indigenous Gã towns: a multilingual balancing act Gã土着城镇教堂的语言选择:多语言平衡行为
IF 2.3 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-10-06 DOI: 10.1515/multi-2021-0063
A. Campbell, J. Anderson
Abstract This paper examines the determinant factors motivating language choice in churches in coastal Accra, an area characterized by a high degree of urbanization and multilingualism. As this region is also ethnically Gã, we survey the attitudes of Gã congregants to the use of other languages in their churches, bearing in mind the pressure faced by Gã from the more dominant vehicular languages, Akan and English. Data was obtained via participant observation, questionnaires and interviews. Using domain analysis, we show that language choice in the church domain is guided by the diametric principles of inclusiveness and church expansion on the one hand, and the conservation of a homogeneous socio-cultural identity on the other. Multilingual churches espouse the former while monolingual churches prize the latter. Gã congregants in churches that make extensive use of Akan and English report feeling satisfied with the language choices in their churches as they see these lingua francas as necessary for reaching out to the wider community. Although in other spheres of life there is irritation among Gã natives about the diminishing role of their language, in the church domain, this is readily tolerated for the greater good of advancing the church’s work.
摘要本文研究了阿克拉沿海地区教会语言选择的决定因素,该地区具有高度城市化和多语言化的特点。由于该地区也是Gã民族地区,我们调查了Gã教友对在其教堂中使用其他语言的态度,同时考虑到Gã所面临的来自更主要的交通语言阿坎语和英语的压力。数据通过参与观察、问卷调查和访谈获得。通过领域分析,我们发现教会领域的语言选择一方面受到包容性和教会扩张的截然不同的原则的指导,另一方面则受到同质社会文化身份的保护。多语教会支持前者,而单语教会推崇后者。Gã在广泛使用阿坎语和英语的教堂里,会众对他们教堂的语言选择感到满意,因为他们认为这些通用语对于接触更广泛的社区是必要的。虽然在生活的其他领域,Gã当地人对他们的语言的作用日益减弱感到恼火,但在教会领域,为了推进教会工作的更大利益,这是容易容忍的。
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引用次数: 0
Foreign language learning in multilingual Germany 多语言德国的外语学习
IF 2.3 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-09-29 DOI: 10.1515/multi-2021-0112
I. Gogolin, Christoph Gabriel, Hanne Brandt, Nora Dünkel
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引用次数: 0
Translation, transcultural remembrance and pandemic: a covert transediting of the Great Influenza memory for lessons to combat COVID-19 in Chinese online media 翻译、跨文化记忆和大流行:中国网络媒体对大流感记忆的秘密传递,以汲取抗击COVID-19的教训
IF 2.3 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.1515/multi-2021-0054
Song Hou, M. Yuan
Abstract This paper examines translation and transcultural remembrance of the 1918–19 Great Influenza or the more often yet mistakenly called “Spanish flu” for lessons to combat COVID-19 in Chinese online media. It presents a case study of “covert transediting” in the Shanghai Observer, i.e., a journalistic opinion that interweaves Chinese renderings of selected excerpts from four British and American media texts. With an integrated approach to travelling memory (Erll, Astrid. 2011. Travelling memory. Parallax 17(4). 4–18) via transediting, our analysis shows that the transeditor does not only choose source texts in terms of media and content, but also selectively reframes the “Spanish flu” memory for lesson learning in conjunction with the mainstream Chinese discourse and practice of COVID-19 control. It unveils how the Great Influenza is thus transculturally remembered in more simplified and ideologically agreeable manners through omission, summary translation, and transformation, while faithful transference is not sheerly dispensed. We contend that transcultural remembrance via transediting is a purposive, socio-culturally shaped practice involving interrelations and interactions of manifold factors, and we need a more complex approach to the politics of memory in translation. Journalistic translation, which is mostly covert and transediting, is among different genres of translation that shape transcultural memory; more research in their interplay is called for.
本文考察了1918 - 1919年大流感(更常被错误地称为“西班牙流感”)的翻译和跨文化记忆,以寻求中国网络媒体应对COVID-19的经验教训。本文以《上海观察家报》的“隐传”为例,将四篇英美媒体文本的节选内容进行中文翻译,形成一种新闻观点。用一种综合方法来研究旅行记忆(Erll, Astrid. 2011)。旅行的记忆。视差17(4)。4-18)我们的分析表明,通过transsediting, transseditor不仅在媒介和内容上选择源文本,而且还结合中国主流话语和COVID-19控制实践选择性地重新构建“西班牙流感”记忆以进行教训学习。它揭示了大流感是如何通过省略、摘要翻译和转换,以更简化和意识形态上令人愉快的方式进行跨文化记忆的,而忠实的转移并不是完全免除的。我们认为,通过传承的跨文化记忆是一种有目的的、社会文化塑造的实践,涉及多种因素的相互关系和相互作用,我们需要一个更复杂的方法来研究翻译中的记忆政治。新闻翻译是塑造跨文化记忆的翻译体裁之一,具有隐蔽性和传越性;需要对它们的相互作用进行更多的研究。
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引用次数: 1
On Writing the Abstract in Scientific and Technological Papers 论科技论文摘要的写作
IF 2.3 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-09-26 DOI: 10.3968/12287
Yushan Zhao
Abstract is one of the most important parts of a scientific and technological paper, and also a high degree of generalization and concentration of a scientific and technological paper. Abstract plays a key role in whether a paper can be accepted by journals, cited or read by readers or not. At the same time, the proper writing of English abstract is also conducive to the paper and exchange of scientific research results. Therefore, authors of papers should follow the writing norms of English abstract, but some authors have some shortcomings in English abstract writing. This paper analyzes the types of English abstracts of scientific and technological papers, the contents that should be included in the abstracts, the writing skills such as tense voice and the principle of choosing key words, so as to avoid more mistakes in structure, tense and voice and improve the quality of the papers.
摘要是科技论文最重要的组成部分之一,也是科技论文高度概括和集中的部分。摘要对论文能否被期刊接受、能否被读者引用、能否被读者阅读起着关键作用。同时,英文摘要的正确书写也有利于论文的发表和科研成果的交流。因此,论文的作者应该遵循英文摘要的写作规范,但是一些作者在英文摘要写作上存在一些不足。本文分析了科技论文英文摘要的类型、摘要应包含的内容、时态语态等写作技巧以及关键词的选择原则,以避免在结构、时态和语态上出现更多的错误,提高论文的质量。
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引用次数: 0
Cultural Boundary and Ethnic Identity in A passage to India 印度之旅中的文化边界与族群认同
IF 2.3 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-09-26 DOI: 10.3968/12208
Jiansheng Yan
Based on an Indian doctor Aziz’s experience in contact with the British people and the subsequent “Aziz’s Incidents”, A Passage to India reflects the cultural clash between the suzerain and the vassal state and the crisis of ethnic identity caused by cultural conflict during the colonial times in India. Obviously, the Indian “Cultural Other” was marginalized and repressed by the British “Culture itself” at that time, human weakness revealed once again attributed by ethnocentrism. After the novel was published, it once aroused strong repercussion from readers, academic circles such as Criticism of Orientalism was incessant, the author Foster was also pushed to the top of the critical wave and was acused constantly. In fact, study shows that Aziz’s story was both universal and symbolic, it was an inevitable result of the cultural boundary which existed between Britain and India during the colonial period, and this problem was the key factor for the unequal ethnic groups’ identity between British people and Indian people.
《印度之行》以印度医生阿齐兹与英国人接触的经历和随后的“阿齐兹事件”为背景,反映了殖民时期印度宗主国与附属国之间的文化冲突以及文化冲突导致的民族认同危机。显然,当时印度的“文化他者”被英国的“文化本身”边缘化和压制,人类的弱点再次暴露于种族中心主义。小说出版后,一度引起了读者的强烈反响,东方主义批评等学术界此起彼伏,作者福斯特也被推上了批评的浪尖,受到了不断的指责。事实上,研究表明,阿齐兹的故事既具有普遍性,又具有象征意义,这是殖民时期英国和印度之间存在文化边界的必然结果,这一问题是英国人和印度人之间不平等的族群认同的关键因素。
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引用次数: 0
Investissement dans le Capital Humain Un Moteur du Développement Economique et Lutte Contre la Pauvreté au Niger 人力资本投资是尼日尔经济发展和消除贫困的驱动力
IF 2.3 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-09-26 DOI: 10.3968/12148
Seyni Mamoudou
L’investissement dans le capital humain par le biais de l’education est un investissement a long terme consenti par l’Etat pour ameliorer le bien-etre de ses citoyens. En investissant dans l’education, leurs competences, leurs connaissances et leur experience dans les differents secteurs de l’economie va permet Le developpement du capital humain est donc une condition prealable a la croissance economique et au developpement et une condition necessaire et suffisante pour la reduction de la pauvrete au Niger. Malheureusement, les gouvernements nigeriens successifs ont continue a se vanter de la question des investissements dans l’education. Je suis d’avis que pauvrete est synonyme de sous-developpement. Par consequent, investir dans le capital humain est la meilleure strategie pour surmonter les problemes de developpement du pays, notamment la reduction de la pauvrete. Pour ce faire, il faudra mettre en place un systeme educatif efficace, dote de moyens financiers suffisants, bien equipe, axe sur la science et la technologie, dynamique et innovant.
通过教育对人力资本的投资是国家为改善公民福利而进行的一项长期投资。通过投资于教育,他们在经济不同部门的技能、知识和经验使人力资本的发展成为可能,因此,人力资本是经济增长和发展的先决条件,也是尼日尔减少贫困的必要和充分条件。不幸的是,尼日利亚历届政府一直在吹嘘教育投资的问题。我认为贫穷就是不发达。因此,投资于人力资本是克服该国发展问题,特别是减贫问题的最佳战略。要做到这一点,就必须建立一个有效、资金充足、装备精良、注重科学和技术、充满活力和创新的教育系统。
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引用次数: 0
Reflection on Some Socio-Economic Factors That Shaping the Evolution of Mass Communication in Nigeria 对影响尼日利亚大众传播演变的社会经济因素的思考
IF 2.3 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-09-26 DOI: 10.3968/11877
Solomon Samuel Gonina, Christiana Chundung Pam
Mass Communication as a field of discipline has undergone several evolutions from one stage to the other in the course of its existence. One reason is because different fields have been incorporated into Mass Communication to make it a coherent field of study. Such fields include mechanics, electronics, mathematics, economics, psychology, sociology, just to mention a few. Whatever evolutions that have transpired in these fields have had great impact on Mass Communication. From the early 1900s, the rise of Mass Communication followed a pattern of industrial revolution following every subsequent revolution in media technology. The media were among the many technologies that shaped the world and were shaped by other as well.. From the oral tradition, the print, the rise of the electronic media and ultimately to the digital-networked communication, Mass Communication has undergone changes from diverse paradigms. The field of Mass Communication is an ever-changing field with notable changes taking place almost on a daily basis. In this paper, we focus on a number of economic factors that shaped, (and still continue to shape) the epochs and annals of Mass Communication in Nigeria. This paper identifies the political climate, advertising, news commercialization, and entertainment as some of the identifiable socio-economic factors.
大众传播学作为一门学科领域,在其存在的过程中经历了从一个阶段到另一个阶段的多次演变。一个原因是因为不同的领域被纳入大众传播学,使其成为一个连贯的研究领域。这些领域包括力学、电子学、数学、经济学、心理学、社会学,仅举几例。无论这些领域发生了什么变化,都对大众传播产生了巨大的影响。从20世纪初开始,大众传播的兴起遵循着工业革命的模式,伴随着随后的每次媒体技术革命。媒体是塑造世界的众多技术之一,同时也被其他技术所塑造。从口头传统到印刷,再到电子媒体的兴起,最终到数字网络传播,大众传播经历了多种范式的变化。大众传播领域是一个不断变化的领域,几乎每天都发生着显著的变化。在本文中,我们将重点关注塑造(并仍在继续塑造)尼日利亚大众传播时代和编年史的一些经济因素。本文确定了政治气候,广告,新闻商业化和娱乐作为一些可识别的社会经济因素。
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引用次数: 0
Evolution and Trend of Green Technology Innovation Research: Visual Analysis Based on CiteSpace 绿色技术创新研究的演变与趋势——基于CiteSpace的可视化分析
IF 2.3 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-09-26 DOI: 10.3968/12277
Xue Li, Ruixi Luo
Systematically understanding the global characteristics of green technology innovation research and studying the hotspots and trends of international green technology innovation research can provide beneficial directional references for subsequent scholars’ research. Papers on green technology innovation published in the core database of Web of Science from 2007 to 2021 were selected as the research objects. Knowledge map analysis method and CiteSpace software were used for visual analysis, and the trend of published papers,research countries and institutions, authors and keywords of green technology innovation research was summarized. It is found that the research on green technology innovation is on the rise and is the focus of most scholars at present; The publication of papers mainly comes from China, and universities are the main force of research; The research is mainly gathered in technological innovation, environmental regulation and sustainable development, which has very important theoretical value and reference significance for the development of green technology innovation.
系统地了解绿色技术创新研究的全球特征,研究国际绿色技术创新研究的热点和趋势,可以为后续学者的研究提供有益的方向性参考。选取Web of Science核心数据库2007 - 2021年发表的绿色技术创新论文作为研究对象。运用知识图谱分析法和CiteSpace软件进行可视化分析,总结了绿色技术创新研究的发表论文、研究国家和机构、作者和关键词等趋势。研究发现,对绿色技术创新的研究正在兴起,是目前大多数学者关注的焦点;论文发表主要来自国内,高校是研究的主力军;研究主要集中在技术创新、环境规制和可持续发展三个方面,对绿色技术创新的发展具有非常重要的理论价值和参考意义。
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引用次数: 0
Clash of Identities and Ethno-Religious Conflict in Kaduna State Nigeria 尼日利亚卡杜纳州的身份冲突和种族宗教冲突
IF 2.3 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-09-26 DOI: 10.3968/12234
D. Michael, E. Egwemi, Jibrin Boniface
Over time Clash of Identities in Kaduna North-west Nigeria often manifest into ethno-religious conflict in the state. This paper examines however the nexus between politics, ethno-religious and sharp identity question that formed the basis of ethno-religious conflict in the area. These however, affect sustainable development in Kaduna state. Historically, this conflict has played itself out in the contest for space, resources and access to power between different communities in the state; it also accesses how state failure and elite competition for power and resources in a multi-ethnic nation causes ethno-religious conflict and sharp identity question in Kaduna state. The paper adopts Human Needs theory. This theory explicates the reason to meet basic needs of man and if these needs are not met, conflict is likely to occur. The paper also adopts qualitative methods of data collection; this is drawn from both primary and secondary sources of data. It utilizes instrument of in-depth interviews with the key actors, community leaders and religious leaders. It is the finding of the paper that politics of identity and ethno-religious conflict have been the fundamental issue that poses security challenges to Nigeria. These challenges have taken the form of bombing, injury; killing and kidnapping that threatened Nigeria national security. The study recommends that government; ethno-regional and religious groups should adopt preventive diplomacy and dialogue to attaining cohesion and symbiotic relationship.
随着时间的推移,尼日利亚西北部卡杜纳的身份冲突经常表现为该州的种族-宗教冲突。然而,本文考察了形成该地区民族宗教冲突基础的政治、民族宗教和尖锐的身份问题之间的联系。然而,这些影响了卡杜纳州的可持续发展。从历史上看,这种冲突在国家不同社区之间对空间、资源和权力的争夺中表现出来;它还探讨了在一个多民族国家,国家的失败和精英对权力和资源的竞争是如何导致卡杜纳州的种族-宗教冲突和尖锐的身份问题的。本文采用人的需要理论。这一理论解释了满足人的基本需求的原因,如果这些需求没有得到满足,就有可能发生冲突。本文还采用了定性的数据收集方法;这是从主要和次要数据来源得出的。它利用了对主要行为者、社区领袖和宗教领袖进行深入访谈的工具。本文发现,身份政治和民族宗教冲突是尼日利亚面临安全挑战的根本问题。这些挑战的形式包括轰炸、伤害;杀害和绑架威胁到尼日利亚的国家安全。该研究建议政府;民族-区域和宗教团体应采取预防性外交和对话,以实现凝聚力和共生关系。
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引用次数: 1
Modernism’s Rejection of Tradition through Literary Experimentation in James Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and Virginia Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway 从詹姆斯·乔伊斯的《青年艺术家肖像》和弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的《达洛维夫人》看现代主义通过文学实验对传统的拒绝
IF 2.3 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-09-26 DOI: 10.3968/12260
Abdalhadi Nimer Abu Jweid
This paper examines literary experimentation in James Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1916) Virginia Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway (1925). Modernism’s rejection of pre-modern tradition lies in literary experimentation. Before embarking on answering the question, I will introduce modern literary experimentation to derive the idea home. The core conceptual appropriation of modern literary experimentation with the novels’ narrative structure which had emphasized the genuine artistic quality which corresponds to modernism’s departing point from pre-modernism. This departure is the artist experimentation with the main narrative components of the novels. Therefore, modernism has offered a technical narrative analysis of this experimentation in literature, especially the novel. Artistic experimentation yields the necessity of exposing pre-modernism’s literary decline and its possible amendment. Modern fiction relies on literary imitation of previous literary works in an almost similar manner. Modern fictional authors did not compose innovative literary forms so that they could not produce any literary genuineness. Such literary imitation has culminated in literary decline which limits the artistic creativity of fiction. In modernism, the proper agent to confront literary decline is the creative experimentation with fictional techniques to avoid such literary decline.
本文考察了詹姆斯·乔伊斯的《青年艺术家肖像》(1916)和弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的《达洛维夫人》(1925)中的文学实验。现代主义对前现代传统的排斥在于文学实验。在开始回答这个问题之前,我将介绍现代文学实验来推导出这个想法。现代文学实验的核心概念挪用与小说的叙事结构,强调真正的艺术品质,这与现代主义从前现代主义的出发点相对应。这种背离是艺术家对小说主要叙事成分的实验。因此,现代主义对文学,尤其是小说中的这种实验提供了一种技术叙事分析。艺术实验产生了揭露前现代主义文学衰落及其可能修正的必要性。现代小说以几乎相同的方式依赖于对以前文学作品的文学模仿。现代小说作家没有创作出创新的文学形式,因而无法产生文学的真实性。这种文学模仿最终导致了文学的衰落,限制了小说的艺术创造力。在现代主义中,面对文学衰落的恰当代理是对小说技术的创造性实验,以避免这种文学衰落。
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引用次数: 0
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Multilingua-Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication
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