Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101454
Prof Jing Cai
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is evolving rapidly and promises to transform the field of medical imaging and diagnosis in an unprecedented way. The tremendous possibilities that AI can bring to precision medicine have triggered a flood of activities in the field. Particularly, with the support of big data and accelerated computation, deep learning is taking off with tremendous algorithmic innovations and powerful neural network models. AI technology has great promises in improving medical imaging diagnosis from early detection to precise assessment. It can aid radiologists in reaching unbiased consensus imaging, update practitioners, reduce professional costs, and improve quality assurance in clinical trials and patient care. Given the promising learning tools and massive computational resources that are becoming readily available, AI will dramatically change the landscape of medical diagnosis research and practice soon. This presentation will give a glance of some recent advances in AI for precision diagnosis, together with some thoughts generated and lessons learnt from related research.
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging: Diagnosis and Beyond","authors":"Prof Jing Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101454","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101454","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Artificial Intelligence (AI) is evolving rapidly and promises to transform the field of medical imaging and diagnosis in an unprecedented way. The tremendous possibilities that AI can bring to precision medicine have triggered a flood of activities in the field. Particularly, with the support of big data and accelerated computation, deep learning is taking off with tremendous algorithmic innovations and powerful neural network models. AI technology has great promises in improving medical imaging diagnosis from early detection to precise assessment. It can aid radiologists in reaching unbiased consensus imaging, update practitioners, reduce professional costs, and improve quality assurance in clinical trials and patient care. Given the promising learning tools and massive computational resources that are becoming readily available, AI will dramatically change the landscape of medical diagnosis research and practice soon. This presentation will give a glance of some recent advances in AI for precision diagnosis, together with some thoughts generated and lessons learnt from related research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":"55 3","pages":"Article 101454"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101540
Kate Matthews, Ms. Jennifer Grehan, Mrs. Aisling Walsh
Background
Children often present for imaging displaying signs of distress and anxiety about their surroundings. Authors agree there are deficiencies in how this anxiety and distress is addressed. When children are anxious, the challenges in producing diagnostic images cannot be underestimated. Parents have a pivotal role in explaining examinations to children, as inherently they hold the utmost trust from their child.
Purpose
The current investigation determined measures taken by parents to prepare their child for imaging and considered the effectiveness of these measures.
Methods
Parents of children aged two to sixteen were interviewed over nine days in one large, paediatric, city centre hospital. The interview established the content of parental explanations, sources of information from which parents drew their information, and parents’ opinion of the child's tolerance of the examination. The 32 interview transcripts underwent thematic analysis. The accuracy and age appropriateness of the explanations were considered, parental perceptions of child tolerance were analysed, and useful resources for future reference were considered.
Results
Parents who talked to their children gave age-appropriate explanations. Parents consider practical information is important, including what rooms look like, the machinery, noises and lead coats. However, a majority of parents did not speak to their children about an examination in advance of arriving at the hospital. Parents perceptions of how well a child tolerates an examination are focussed on whether the examination is completed and an image produced rather than how well the child copes.
Conclusions
Presentation of information in easily noticeable, visual formats, especially within waiting rooms, could promote conversations between child and parent, and enable greater preparation of children for imaging. Information should emphasise the practical aspects of procedures. Radiographer initiatives are needed to educate parents that imaging procedures do not have to be stressful for children.
{"title":"An investigation of parental involvement in explaining imaging procedures to children in an Irish paediatric hospital","authors":"Kate Matthews, Ms. Jennifer Grehan, Mrs. Aisling Walsh","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Children often present for imaging displaying signs of distress and anxiety about their surroundings. Authors agree there are deficiencies in how this anxiety and distress is addressed. When children are anxious, the challenges in producing diagnostic images cannot be underestimated. Parents have a pivotal role in explaining examinations to children, as inherently they hold the utmost trust from their child.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The current investigation determined measures taken by parents to prepare their child for imaging and considered the effectiveness of these measures.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Parents of children aged two to sixteen were interviewed over nine days in one large, paediatric, city centre hospital. The interview established the content of parental explanations, sources of information from which parents drew their information, and parents’ opinion of the child's tolerance of the examination. The 32 interview transcripts underwent thematic analysis. The accuracy and age appropriateness of the explanations were considered, parental perceptions of child tolerance were analysed, and useful resources for future reference were considered.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Parents who talked to their children gave age-appropriate explanations. Parents consider practical information is important, including what rooms look like, the machinery, noises and lead coats. However, a majority of parents did not speak to their children about an examination in advance of arriving at the hospital. Parents perceptions of how well a child tolerates an examination are focussed on whether the examination is completed and an image produced rather than how well the child copes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Presentation of information in easily noticeable, visual formats, especially within waiting rooms, could promote conversations between child and parent, and enable greater preparation of children for imaging. Information should emphasise the practical aspects of procedures. Radiographer initiatives are needed to educate parents that imaging procedures do not have to be stressful for children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":"55 3","pages":"Article 101540"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101501
Shunya Matsuo
Background and Purpose
In the past, the development of professional skills by medical practitioners has greatly benefited patients. Currently, management skills, which should be developed in balance with professional skills, seem to have been neglected. The increasing imbalance between these two skills has rendered communication between healthcare professionals and patients, and among healthcare professionals increasingly difficult. This study was conducted to clarify the current status of management and professional skills among radiology technologists and to explore solutions to the imbalance problem.
Methods
This literature review examines previous studies, focusing on the views of the various authors regarding management skills. The subsequent interview survey included a total of 17 participants with professional training in radiology working at seven medical institutions nationwide (seven department heads and nine subordinates, and one former director of the Japan Radiological Technologists Association, who was added to supplement the analysis).
Results
Management skill enhancement requires learning, teaching, and mentoring. Some universities and other educational institutions have focused on the importance of management skills and are making efforts to focus on collaborative education of many professions. However, some staff members have reacted negatively to progressive initiatives such as "reassignment to other departments," including open communities with diversity. Clarification of the reasons for such negative reactions is the subject of this study.
Conclusions
A demonstrated need exists to enhance professional skills in radiology. Radiology technologists are not AI; they are flesh-and-blood people in the workplace, and workplaces require management skills. Professional skills can be augmented with management skills. However, it is not possible to augment management skills with professional skills.
{"title":"Coexisting Management and Professional Skills in Radiology Technologists","authors":"Shunya Matsuo","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Purpose</h3><div>In the past, the development of professional skills by medical practitioners has greatly benefited patients. Currently, management skills, which should be developed in balance with professional skills, seem to have been neglected. The increasing imbalance between these two skills has rendered communication between healthcare professionals and patients, and among healthcare professionals increasingly difficult. This study was conducted to clarify the current status of management and professional skills among radiology technologists and to explore solutions to the imbalance problem.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This literature review examines previous studies, focusing on the views of the various authors regarding management skills. The subsequent interview survey included a total of 17 participants with professional training in radiology working at seven medical institutions nationwide (seven department heads and nine subordinates, and one former director of the Japan Radiological Technologists Association, who was added to supplement the analysis).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Management skill enhancement requires learning, teaching, and mentoring. Some universities and other educational institutions have focused on the importance of management skills and are making efforts to focus on collaborative education of many professions. However, some staff members have reacted negatively to progressive initiatives such as \"reassignment to other departments,\" including open communities with diversity. Clarification of the reasons for such negative reactions is the subject of this study.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A demonstrated need exists to enhance professional skills in radiology. Radiology technologists are not AI; they are flesh-and-blood people in the workplace, and workplaces require management skills. Professional skills can be augmented with management skills. However, it is not possible to augment management skills with professional skills.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":"55 3","pages":"Article 101501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101531
Mr. Suraj Sah , Lect Abinash Jha , Mr. Amrit Kafle , Mr. Pradip Sharma , Mr. Avinesh Shrestha , Mr. Yashwant Yadav , Mr. Mukesh Kumar Jha , Ms Rojina Tandukar , Ms Pooja Kumari Tajpuriya
Background
Equitable access to quality health services is a fundamental right of every citizen. As access to quality health services is an important domain of universal health coverage. Clinical audit is a crucial tool for maintaining a high standard of care in the hospital. This study aims to highlight the discrepancies between actual practice and standard in order to identify the changes needed to improve the quality of care and to implement the changes of Radiology department in central government hospital of Nepal.
Methods
A descriptive, cross-sectional survey encompassing central government hospital was conducted. A structured online questionnaire comprising 41 questions was employed and classified into 2 sections, encompassing demographic data and clinical audit tool. Microsoft Excel and SPSS V.25 were used to analyze the data, and frequencies were computed.
Results
Of the 31 central government hospitals in Nepal, 19 (61.3%) are located in Bagmati province. Six of the thirty-one hospital radiography staff members have completed at least BLS or ACLS training. There is no biomedical engineering support at 8 Hospital. Hospitals that have adopted RIS or PACS are 41.9%. There are no personnel radiation dose monitoring devices in 22 out of 31 hospitals. Only six hospitals provide staff members with recurring radiation protection training. In the imaging sector, 74.2% of hospitals have an obvious radiation hazard warning for expectant moms.
Conclusion
This study highlights the relatively medium level of clinical audit in central government hospital of Nepal. However, the identified lack of knowledge pertaining to the clinical audit emphasizes the need for further education and training in this area. To address this gap, we recommend the establishment of comprehensive orientation of clinical audit for radiology professionals. Encouraging equitable and high-quality healthcare will aid in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through clinical audit.
{"title":"Clinical audit of Radiology department in central government hospital of Nepal","authors":"Mr. Suraj Sah , Lect Abinash Jha , Mr. Amrit Kafle , Mr. Pradip Sharma , Mr. Avinesh Shrestha , Mr. Yashwant Yadav , Mr. Mukesh Kumar Jha , Ms Rojina Tandukar , Ms Pooja Kumari Tajpuriya","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Equitable access to quality health services is a fundamental right of every citizen. As access to quality health services is an important domain of universal health coverage. Clinical audit is a crucial tool for maintaining a high standard of care in the hospital. This study aims to highlight the discrepancies between actual practice and standard in order to identify the changes needed to improve the quality of care and to implement the changes of Radiology department in central government hospital of Nepal.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A descriptive, cross-sectional survey encompassing central government hospital was conducted. A structured online questionnaire comprising 41 questions was employed and classified into 2 sections, encompassing demographic data and clinical audit tool. Microsoft Excel and SPSS V.25 were used to analyze the data, and frequencies were computed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 31 central government hospitals in Nepal, 19 (61.3%) are located in Bagmati province. Six of the thirty-one hospital radiography staff members have completed at least BLS or ACLS training. There is no biomedical engineering support at 8 Hospital. Hospitals that have adopted RIS or PACS are 41.9%. There are no personnel radiation dose monitoring devices in 22 out of 31 hospitals. Only six hospitals provide staff members with recurring radiation protection training. In the imaging sector, 74.2% of hospitals have an obvious radiation hazard warning for expectant moms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study highlights the relatively medium level of clinical audit in central government hospital of Nepal. However, the identified lack of knowledge pertaining to the clinical audit emphasizes the need for further education and training in this area. To address this gap, we recommend the establishment of comprehensive orientation of clinical audit for radiology professionals. Encouraging equitable and high-quality healthcare will aid in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through clinical audit.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":"55 3","pages":"Article 101531"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101534
Christopher Steelman
Background / Purpose
Over the last decade, there has been a growing body of evidence on the adverse health effects of occupational exposure to ionizing radiation from fluoroscopically guided procedures, including left-sided brain tumors, skin cancer, posterior subcapsular lens changes, and thyroid disease. It is assumed that traditional radiation protection equipment provides adequate protection from exposure to scattered radiation. However, a growing body of evidence casts doubt on whether cath lab personnel exposed to ionizing radiation are being adequately protected.
Methods
A systematic literature review was used to identify, select, and critically appraise research to determine the efficacy of personal protection equipment currently worn in the catheterization lab. The literature reviewed was collected from the following databases: CINAHL, PubMed, Science Direct, and Medline. The search was limited to full-text and scholarly journals published between 2013 and 2023 in the English language. Articles were selected for inclusion based on relevance. The literature search for this systematic review was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses reporting guidelines.
Results
The recurring theme in this literature review is that the orientation of the body to the source of radiation scatter appears to be critical and significantly reduces the effectiveness of personal radiation protection equipment in the cath lab.
Conclusion
The orientation of personnel who perform fluoroscopically guided procedures towards the source of scatter exposes them significantly to radiation. Traditional personal radiation protection aprons and equipment frequently provide inadequate shielding in the cath lab environment. Considering the increasing evidence highlighting the occupational risks associated with fluoroscopy, it is crucial to reassess personal radiation protection to ensure the safety and well-being of interventional teams responsible for life and limb saving procedures.
背景/目的在过去的十年中，越来越多的证据表明，职业性暴露于荧光引导程序产生的电离辐射会对健康造成不良影响，包括左侧脑肿瘤、皮肤癌、后囊下晶状体病变和甲状腺疾病。一般认为，传统的辐射防护设备可以提供足够的保护，避免受到散射辐射的照射。然而，越来越多的证据让人怀疑暴露在电离辐射中的阴道实验室人员是否得到了充分的保护。方法通过系统性文献回顾来识别、选择和批判性评估相关研究，以确定目前在导管室佩戴的个人防护设备的有效性。所查阅的文献来自以下数据库：CINAHL、PubMed、Science Direct 和 Medline。搜索范围仅限于 2013 年至 2023 年间出版的英文学术期刊全文。根据相关性选择纳入的文章。本系统综述的文献检索采用了《系统综述和荟萃分析首选报告项目》报告指南。结果本文献综述中反复出现的主题是，身体朝向辐射散射源的方向似乎至关重要，这大大降低了个人辐射防护设备在阴道实验室中的有效性。传统的个人辐射防护围裙和设备在阴道实验室环境中往往不能提供足够的屏蔽。考虑到越来越多的证据表明透视检查存在职业风险，重新评估个人辐射防护以确保负责挽救生命和肢体的介入团队的安全和健康至关重要。
{"title":"A critical analysis of personal radiation protection in the catheterization laboratory: A systematic review","authors":"Christopher Steelman","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background / Purpose</h3><div>Over the last decade, there has been a growing body of evidence on the adverse health effects of occupational exposure to ionizing radiation from fluoroscopically guided procedures, including left-sided brain tumors, skin cancer, posterior subcapsular lens changes, and thyroid disease. It is assumed that traditional radiation protection equipment provides adequate protection from exposure to scattered radiation. However, a growing body of evidence casts doubt on whether cath lab personnel exposed to ionizing radiation are being adequately protected.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic literature review was used to identify, select, and critically appraise research to determine the efficacy of personal protection equipment currently worn in the catheterization lab. The literature reviewed was collected from the following databases: CINAHL, PubMed, Science Direct, and Medline. The search was limited to full-text and scholarly journals published between 2013 and 2023 in the English language. Articles were selected for inclusion based on relevance. The literature search for this systematic review was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses reporting guidelines.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The recurring theme in this literature review is that the orientation of the body to the source of radiation scatter appears to be critical and significantly reduces the effectiveness of personal radiation protection equipment in the cath lab.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The orientation of personnel who perform fluoroscopically guided procedures towards the source of scatter exposes them significantly to radiation. Traditional personal radiation protection aprons and equipment frequently provide inadequate shielding in the cath lab environment. Considering the increasing evidence highlighting the occupational risks associated with fluoroscopy, it is crucial to reassess personal radiation protection to ensure the safety and well-being of interventional teams responsible for life and limb saving procedures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":"55 3","pages":"Article 101534"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101482
Dr Hong Qu , Dr Yuping Zeng , Miss Huiyu Chen , Dr Lifeng Hang , Dr Jizhuang Wang , Dr Hong Li , Dr Guihua Jiang
Objectives
To evaluate the multi-parametric diagnostic performance with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), standardized uptake value (SUV) and the relative SUV (rSUV) of hybrid 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance image (18F-FDG PET/MRI) to differentiate residual/recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (RNPC) and nasopharyngeal lymphoma (NPL).
Materials and Methods
One hundred and sixty-three patients, including PNPCs (n = 86), RNPCs (n = 53) and PNPLs (n = 24), were recruited in this study. The peak standardized uptake value (SUVpeak), maximum (SUVmax), and mean (SUVmean) were obtained by workstation, and relative SUVpeak (rSUVpeak), SUVmax (rSUVmax) and SUVmean (rSUVmean) were obtained by standardization of the contralateral normal-appearing lateral pterygoid muscle. The minimum apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCmin) and mean ADC (ADCmean) were obtained by ROIs measurement. Bivariate logistic regression was used to determine the best logistic regression model for classification. The area under the curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance.
Results
RNPCs showed significantly lower SUVmean, rSUVpeak, rSUVmax and rSUVmean than that of NPLs. The ADCmean of PNPL was significantly lower than that of RNPC. The joint model with ADCmean and rSUVmean achieved the higher AUC, which was 0.92, and the sensitivity and specificity were 88.7% and 91.7%, respectively.
Conclusion
The combination of ADCmean and rSUVmean allowed reliable differentiation between RNPC and NPL.
{"title":"Residual/recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma and nasopharyngeal lymphoma: Dual-parameters differentiation based on apparent diffusion coefficient and standardized uptake value of 18F-FDG PET/MRI","authors":"Dr Hong Qu , Dr Yuping Zeng , Miss Huiyu Chen , Dr Lifeng Hang , Dr Jizhuang Wang , Dr Hong Li , Dr Guihua Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the multi-parametric diagnostic performance with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), standardized uptake value (SUV) and the relative SUV (rSUV) of hybrid <sup>18</sup>F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance image (<sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/MRI) to differentiate residual/recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (RNPC) and nasopharyngeal lymphoma (NPL).</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>One hundred and sixty-three patients, including PNPCs (<em>n</em> = 86), RNPCs (<em>n</em> = 53) and PNPLs (<em>n</em> = 24), were recruited in this study. The peak standardized uptake value (SUV<sub>peak</sub>), maximum (SUV<sub>max</sub>), and mean (SUV<sub>mean</sub>) were obtained by workstation, and relative SUV<sub>peak</sub> (rSUV<sub>peak</sub>), SUV<sub>max</sub> (rSUV<sub>max</sub>) and SUV<sub>mean</sub> (rSUV<sub>mean</sub>) were obtained by standardization of the contralateral normal-appearing lateral pterygoid muscle. The minimum apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC<sub>min</sub>) and mean ADC (ADC<sub>mean</sub>) were obtained by ROIs measurement. Bivariate logistic regression was used to determine the best logistic regression model for classification. The area under the curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>RNPCs showed significantly lower SUV<sub>mean</sub>, rSUV<sub>peak</sub>, rSUV<sub>max</sub> and rSUV<sub>mean</sub> than that of NPLs. The ADC<sub>mean</sub> of PNPL was significantly lower than that of RNPC. The joint model with ADC<sub>mean</sub> and rSUV<sub>mean</sub> achieved the higher AUC, which was 0.92, and the sensitivity and specificity were 88.7% and 91.7%, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The combination of ADC<sub>mean</sub> and rSUV<sub>mean</sub> allowed reliable differentiation between RNPC and NPL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":"55 3","pages":"Article 101482"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101464
Dr Yat Man Tsang
There have been constant changes and progressive developments in the technology used for the planning and delivery of radiotherapy, especially with the utilisation of artificial intelligence (AI) and telemedicine in cancer diagnosis/treatments/outcomes. Advancements in medical technology and a growing understanding of individual patient characteristics have facilitated a paradigm shift towards personalized care in radiotherapy. With the ever-increasing complexity of the radiotherapy patient pathway and limited healthcare resources, we, as healthcare professionals within radiation oncology, are obliged to respond to these ongoing advances efficiently through various resource optimization initiatives with a patient-centered personalised care focus. The radiotherapy workflows and models of care should be continuously evolved with an emphasis on high-quality communications/interactions between patients and clinicians/radiation therapists, in order to support the consistent engagement of patients and their families at each stage of their cancer care journey. Against this background, this presentation will include the following:
- Complexity of radiation therapy pathways and the importance of patient-centered personalised care
- Current landscape of personalized approaches in radiotherapy, encompassing the integration of advanced imaging modalities and patient-specific factors
- Existing challenges on radiation therapy resources and workforce supply
- Examples of innovative model of care such as case expert model and radiation therapist advanced practice with the focus personalised care in radiotherapy
- A glimpse into the future – how should we move forward as a multi-professional group for patient-centered personalised care optimisation.
{"title":"Current Status of Personalized Care in Radiotherapy","authors":"Dr Yat Man Tsang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There have been constant changes and progressive developments in the technology used for the planning and delivery of radiotherapy, especially with the utilisation of artificial intelligence (AI) and telemedicine in cancer diagnosis/treatments/outcomes. Advancements in medical technology and a growing understanding of individual patient characteristics have facilitated a paradigm shift towards personalized care in radiotherapy. With the ever-increasing complexity of the radiotherapy patient pathway and limited healthcare resources, we, as healthcare professionals within radiation oncology, are obliged to respond to these ongoing advances efficiently through various resource optimization initiatives with a patient-centered personalised care focus. The radiotherapy workflows and models of care should be continuously evolved with an emphasis on high-quality communications/interactions between patients and clinicians/radiation therapists, in order to support the consistent engagement of patients and their families at each stage of their cancer care journey. Against this background, this presentation will include the following:</div><div>- Complexity of radiation therapy pathways and the importance of patient-centered personalised care</div><div>- Current landscape of personalized approaches in radiotherapy, encompassing the integration of advanced imaging modalities and patient-specific factors</div><div>- Existing challenges on radiation therapy resources and workforce supply</div><div>- Examples of innovative model of care such as case expert model and radiation therapist advanced practice with the focus personalised care in radiotherapy</div><div>- A glimpse into the future – how should we move forward as a multi-professional group for patient-centered personalised care optimisation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":"55 3","pages":"Article 101464"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101520
Mr. Ravindra Kumar, Prof. Mandeep Garg, Mr. Ajay Kumar, Prof. Manavjit Singh Sandhu
Introduction
Image quality is initially associated with increased patient radiation dose. Several methods were continuously evolved to mitigate effects. Dose reduction strategies used by radiologists and technologists in the daily performance of CT examinations include modifying scanning protocols and manipulating scanning parameters such as mAs, kVp, and pitch.
Aim
The present study aims to study parameters that may be used to achieve maximum image quality with a reasonable radiation dose.
Material and Method
The Study was Done on a Whole-Body Phantom PBU 60 from Kagaku Kyoto Ltd. on 128 SLICE DSCT SOMATOM Definition Flash (Siemens Health Care) in Nehru Hospital, PGIMER, Chandigarh and Imaging, PGIMER, Chandigarh. The scans were obtained from the apex of the lung to the lower section of the posterior costophrenic angle by varying mAs (100mAs, 150mAs, 200mAs, 250mAs, and 300 mAs), kVp (70kVp, 80kVp, 100kVp, 120kVp and 140kVp) and pitch (0.5, 0.8, and 1.0).
Results
A total of 75 scans were acquired at acquisition 128 × 0.6mm by varying kVp, mAs and pitch and reconstructed to 10 mm and 1 mm for Multi Planner Reconstruction by using SAFIRE Excel by using medium Smooth Kernel (I30f Medium Smooth) for evaluating the Noise, Standard deviation, SNR and CNR. The radiation dose protocols were recorded for all examinations, including volume CT Dose Index (CTDIvol.) and Dose Length Product (DLP), provided automatically by scanner.
Conclusion
The phantom study shows that CTDIvol and DLP directly and significantly relate to mAs and kVp. CTDIvol and DLP vary pitch to 0.5, 0.8, and 1.0. SNR and CNR have no significant change ((p-value >0.05)) by varying Pitch 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0. Dose reduction and Image quality play an important role in Computed Tomography. It is essential to maintain accuracy and reproducibility of Diagnosis and patient care delivery.
{"title":"Assessment Of Image Quality & Radiation Dose in Chest CT by Varying kVp, mAs & Pitch on 128 DSCT (Somatom Definition Flash, Siemens Healthcare) by Using PBU-60 Whole Body Phantom Kyoto Kagaku Ltd., Japan","authors":"Mr. Ravindra Kumar, Prof. Mandeep Garg, Mr. Ajay Kumar, Prof. Manavjit Singh Sandhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Image quality is initially associated with increased patient radiation dose. Several methods were continuously evolved to mitigate effects. Dose reduction strategies used by radiologists and technologists in the daily performance of CT examinations include modifying scanning protocols and manipulating scanning parameters such as mAs, kVp, and pitch.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>The present study aims to study parameters that may be used to achieve maximum image quality with a reasonable radiation dose.</div></div><div><h3>Material and Method</h3><div>The Study was Done on a Whole-Body Phantom PBU 60 from Kagaku Kyoto Ltd. on 128 SLICE DSCT SOMATOM Definition Flash (Siemens Health Care) in Nehru Hospital, PGIMER, Chandigarh and Imaging, PGIMER, Chandigarh. The scans were obtained from the apex of the lung to the lower section of the posterior costophrenic angle by varying mAs (100mAs, 150mAs, 200mAs, 250mAs, and 300 mAs), kVp (70kVp, 80kVp, 100kVp, 120kVp and 140kVp) and pitch (0.5, 0.8, and 1.0).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 75 scans were acquired at acquisition 128 × 0.6mm by varying kVp, mAs and pitch and reconstructed to 10 mm and 1 mm for Multi Planner Reconstruction by using SAFIRE Excel by using medium Smooth Kernel (I30f Medium Smooth) for evaluating the Noise, Standard deviation, SNR and CNR. The radiation dose protocols were recorded for all examinations, including volume CT Dose Index (CTDIvol.) and Dose Length Product (DLP), provided automatically by scanner.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The phantom study shows that CTDIvol and DLP directly and significantly relate to mAs and kVp. CTDIvol and DLP vary pitch to 0.5, 0.8, and 1.0. SNR and CNR have no significant change ((p-value >0.05)) by varying Pitch 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0. Dose reduction and Image quality play an important role in Computed Tomography. It is essential to maintain accuracy and reproducibility of Diagnosis and patient care delivery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":"55 3","pages":"Article 101520"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101513
Mr Hosung Park
Purpose
To evaluate and analyze the image quality of the T2W propeller technique according to breathing patterns by comparing and analyzing the propeller / blade techniques during abdominal MRI examinations.
Subjects and Methods
A total of 238 patients (141 males:97 females) undergoing abdominal MRI examinations were analyzed. The equipment was GETM Signa Hdxt 1.5T, the coil was 12ch Body Array, and Axial T2W FRFSE (Fast Recovery FSE) and Axial T2W PROPELLER examination techniques were performed. The groups were divided into 4 groups (A: more than 18 breaths, B: 13∼17 breaths, C: less than 12 breaths, D: inconsistent breathing) according to breathing patterns. The images were quantitatively evaluated using SNR, CNR, and NRQA (non-referenced quality assessment), and qualitatively evaluated by two abdominal radiologists using a 5-point Likert scale. The results were statistically analyzed using R-Studio 4.3.1.
Results
In both quantitative evaluation (SNR, CNR, BRISQUE) and qualitative evaluation, the quality of Axial T2W FRFSE images in groups B and C was better (p<0.001*), and Axial T2W PROPELLER images in groups A and D were better (p<0.05*). However, there was no significant difference in SNR of group A among quantitative evaluation items and Ghost Artifact of group C among qualitative evaluation items.
Conclusion
In abdominal MRI examinations, the PROPELLER technique showed differences in image quality depending on the breathing method. It was found that the image quality of the PROPELLER technique was better only when the breathing rate was not fast or consistent for more than 18 breaths. Therefore, it is effective to use the PROPELLER technique appropriately according to the patient's breathing method during abdominal MRI examination.
{"title":"Comparative study of image quality between T2-weighted FRFSE and PROPELLER based on respiratory patterns of abdominal MRI","authors":"Mr Hosung Park","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate and analyze the image quality of the T2W propeller technique according to breathing patterns by comparing and analyzing the propeller / blade techniques during abdominal MRI examinations.</div></div><div><h3>Subjects and Methods</h3><div>A total of 238 patients (141 males:97 females) undergoing abdominal MRI examinations were analyzed. The equipment was GETM Signa Hdxt 1.5T, the coil was 12ch Body Array, and Axial T2W FRFSE (Fast Recovery FSE) and Axial T2W PROPELLER examination techniques were performed. The groups were divided into 4 groups (A: more than 18 breaths, B: 13∼17 breaths, C: less than 12 breaths, D: inconsistent breathing) according to breathing patterns. The images were quantitatively evaluated using SNR, CNR, and NRQA (non-referenced quality assessment), and qualitatively evaluated by two abdominal radiologists using a 5-point Likert scale. The results were statistically analyzed using R-Studio 4.3.1.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In both quantitative evaluation (SNR, CNR, BRISQUE) and qualitative evaluation, the quality of Axial T2W FRFSE images in groups B and C was better (p<0.001*), and Axial T2W PROPELLER images in groups A and D were better (p<0.05*). However, there was no significant difference in SNR of group A among quantitative evaluation items and Ghost Artifact of group C among qualitative evaluation items.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In abdominal MRI examinations, the PROPELLER technique showed differences in image quality depending on the breathing method. It was found that the image quality of the PROPELLER technique was better only when the breathing rate was not fast or consistent for more than 18 breaths. Therefore, it is effective to use the PROPELLER technique appropriately according to the patient's breathing method during abdominal MRI examination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":"55 3","pages":"Article 101513"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101518
Ms. Miao Wei , Mr. Yuanzhi Weng , Ms. Wenqin Zhou , Mr Chen Zheng , Ms. Wen Li , Ms. Jiayi Pu , Prof Weijia Lu , Prof Fajin Lv
Background/Purpose
Quality assurance (QA) study is a significant research for bone mineral densitometry (BMD). Especially for quantitative computed tomography (QCT), such study was clinical practical as QCT bone density measurements were generally executed on different CT machines. This QA study aimed to evaluate quality parameters includes accuracy and precision of vBMD measurements by a novel phantom-less QCT (PL-QCT) on different CT machines. European spine phantom (ESP) was used as measurement reference in this study.
Methods
10 CT machines and 100 patients were enrolled. For each CT machine, the ESP was scanned independently 10 times with repositioning under 120kV. CT data of 10 patients scanned on the same CT machine in the same day under 120kV were randomly selected for PL-QCT BMD calibration. An automatic algorithm was used for calibration region of interest (ROI) placement on soft tissues (muscle and fat) in PL-QCT software. ESP reference values by manufacturer were used as standard for BMD measurements evaluation.
Results
For all CT machines, the average of ten repeated ESP L1-3 vBMD measurements did not exceed ±5mg/cm3 in comparison with ESP reference value. Only one CT machine failed to satisfy the ±5mg/cm3 threshold for L3 segment. The linear regression of the three vBMD measurements for each CT scanner yielded a median SEE of 1.44 mg/cm3, with a range from 1.37 to 2.28 mg/cm3. The mean and range of the coefficients of variation measured by all CT scanners was approximately 0.12% (0.11-0.14%).
Conclusions
The deviations of BMD results on different CT machines are within the acceptable range. This novel PL-QCT was a reliable and applicable osteoporosis evaluation device, combining its benefits on retrospective screening, it could be a QCT technique worth promoting.
{"title":"The novel phantom-less quantitative computed tomography for different CT machine systems: Bone mineral density quality assurance evaluation","authors":"Ms. Miao Wei , Mr. Yuanzhi Weng , Ms. Wenqin Zhou , Mr Chen Zheng , Ms. Wen Li , Ms. Jiayi Pu , Prof Weijia Lu , Prof Fajin Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Purpose</h3><div>Quality assurance (QA) study is a significant research for bone mineral densitometry (BMD). Especially for quantitative computed tomography (QCT), such study was clinical practical as QCT bone density measurements were generally executed on different CT machines. This QA study aimed to evaluate quality parameters includes accuracy and precision of vBMD measurements by a novel phantom-less QCT (PL-QCT) on different CT machines. European spine phantom (ESP) was used as measurement reference in this study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>10 CT machines and 100 patients were enrolled. For each CT machine, the ESP was scanned independently 10 times with repositioning under 120kV. CT data of 10 patients scanned on the same CT machine in the same day under 120kV were randomly selected for PL-QCT BMD calibration. An automatic algorithm was used for calibration region of interest (ROI) placement on soft tissues (muscle and fat) in PL-QCT software. ESP reference values by manufacturer were used as standard for BMD measurements evaluation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>For all CT machines, the average of ten repeated ESP L1-3 vBMD measurements did not exceed ±5mg/cm3 in comparison with ESP reference value. Only one CT machine failed to satisfy the ±5mg/cm3 threshold for L3 segment. The linear regression of the three vBMD measurements for each CT scanner yielded a median SEE of 1.44 mg/cm3, with a range from 1.37 to 2.28 mg/cm3. The mean and range of the coefficients of variation measured by all CT scanners was approximately 0.12% (0.11-0.14%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The deviations of BMD results on different CT machines are within the acceptable range. This novel PL-QCT was a reliable and applicable osteoporosis evaluation device, combining its benefits on retrospective screening, it could be a QCT technique worth promoting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46420,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences","volume":"55 3","pages":"Article 101518"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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