A study of nearly 12,000 lithic artifacts from Lerna was undertaken to determine if the lithics were produced by craft specialists. Analysis indicates that the production of lithics was controlled by part-time craft specialists based in individual households and not controlled by an elite central authority. The evidence of continuity in Bronze Age flintknapping does not support a hypothesis of discontinuity or cultural replacement at Lerna. Any interruptions had little effect on flintknapping technology or formal tool types. A decline in the supply of imported Melian obsidian at the end of Early Helladic III (Lerna IV) suggests an interruption of trade.
研究人员对来自勒纳的近12000件石器文物进行了研究,以确定这些石器是否由工艺专家制作。分析表明,石器的生产是由个别家庭的兼职工艺专家控制的,而不是由精英中央当局控制的。青铜器时代燧石打法的连续性证据并不支持勒纳地区不连续性或文化替代的假设。任何中断对打石技术或正式工具类型的影响都很小。在早期Helladic III (Lerna IV)末期,进口Melian黑曜石的供应下降,表明贸易中断。
{"title":"The organization of flaked stone production at bronze age Lerna","authors":"Britt E. Hartenberger, Curtis N. Runnels","doi":"10.2307/3182064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3182064","url":null,"abstract":"A study of nearly 12,000 lithic artifacts from Lerna was undertaken to determine if the lithics were produced by craft specialists. Analysis indicates that the production of lithics was controlled by part-time craft specialists based in individual households and not controlled by an elite central authority. The evidence of continuity in Bronze Age flintknapping does not support a hypothesis of discontinuity or cultural replacement at Lerna. Any interruptions had little effect on flintknapping technology or formal tool types. A decline in the supply of imported Melian obsidian at the end of Early Helladic III (Lerna IV) suggests an interruption of trade.","PeriodicalId":46513,"journal":{"name":"HESPERIA","volume":"70 1","pages":"255-283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2001-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/3182064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68985353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acropolis 625, a monumental Archaic statue of Athena seated, is the earliest extant identifiable Athenian statue of Athena, and may be the one by Endoios that Pausanias saw near the Erechtheion. It was found on the Acropolis North Slope at the beginning of the Greek Revolution. This paper pinpoints its exact findspot, and reveals that the statue was built-right side up and facing forward-into a previously unknown Late Antique wall of ca. A.D. 270-300, later incorporated into a mid-18th century Turkish outwork, just inside the new Turkish north gate. The wall was dismantled ca. 1822-1824.
{"title":"Acropolis 625 (Endoios Athena) and the rediscovery of its findspot","authors":"Patricia A. Marx","doi":"10.2307/2668483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2668483","url":null,"abstract":"Acropolis 625, a monumental Archaic statue of Athena seated, is the earliest extant identifiable Athenian statue of Athena, and may be the one by Endoios that Pausanias saw near the Erechtheion. It was found on the Acropolis North Slope at the beginning of the Greek Revolution. This paper pinpoints its exact findspot, and reveals that the statue was built-right side up and facing forward-into a previously unknown Late Antique wall of ca. A.D. 270-300, later incorporated into a mid-18th century Turkish outwork, just inside the new Turkish north gate. The wall was dismantled ca. 1822-1824.","PeriodicalId":46513,"journal":{"name":"HESPERIA","volume":"70 1","pages":"221-254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2001-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/2668483","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68731946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The large square building in the southeast corner of the Athenian Agora, excavated in the 1950s and in 1978, served as the Athenian mint for the striking of bronze coins from the 4th through the late 1st century B.C. The best-preserved part of the building, the southwest room, produced ample evidence of industrial activity, including unstruck bronze coin blanks and rod segments from which the blanks had been chopped. The building was constructed near the end of the 5th or at the start of the 4th century B.C., but whether it was originally intended for the coining of bronze is uncertain.
{"title":"The agora mint and athenian bronze coinage","authors":"J. McK., Camp, J. Kroll","doi":"10.2307/2668480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2668480","url":null,"abstract":"The large square building in the southeast corner of the Athenian Agora, excavated in the 1950s and in 1978, served as the Athenian mint for the striking of bronze coins from the 4th through the late 1st century B.C. The best-preserved part of the building, the southwest room, produced ample evidence of industrial activity, including unstruck bronze coin blanks and rod segments from which the blanks had been chopped. The building was constructed near the end of the 5th or at the start of the 4th century B.C., but whether it was originally intended for the coining of bronze is uncertain.","PeriodicalId":46513,"journal":{"name":"HESPERIA","volume":"70 1","pages":"127-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2001-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/2668480","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68732141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Excavations at the necropolis of Aiani have yielded fifty-six locally produced polychrome vases dated to the second quarter of the 5th century B.C. The shapes and decoration appear to have no immediate predecessors, and no descendants, in the local tradition, and no close parallels in Macedonian or foreign wares. Some influence of local terracotta production and certain relationships with various wares produced in Central Greece, Attica, and East Greece can be traced, but the manufacture of this pottery owes less to direct imitation than to the experimentation and inventiveness of the local potters. This article presents this interesting group of pottery and examines the society that produced and used it.
{"title":"Late Archaic Polychrome Pottery from Aiani","authors":"Eurydice Kefalidou","doi":"10.2307/2668482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2668482","url":null,"abstract":"Excavations at the necropolis of Aiani have yielded fifty-six locally produced polychrome vases dated to the second quarter of the 5th century B.C. The shapes and decoration appear to have no immediate predecessors, and no descendants, in the local tradition, and no close parallels in Macedonian or foreign wares. Some influence of local terracotta production and certain relationships with various wares produced in Central Greece, Attica, and East Greece can be traced, but the manufacture of this pottery owes less to direct imitation than to the experimentation and inventiveness of the local potters. This article presents this interesting group of pottery and examines the society that produced and used it.","PeriodicalId":46513,"journal":{"name":"HESPERIA","volume":"70 1","pages":"183-219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2001-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/2668482","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68731855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Lawall, John K. Papadopoulos, Kathleen Lynch, B. Tsakirgis, S. Rotroff, Camilla MacKay
{"title":"Notes from the Tins; Research in the Stoa of Attalos, Summer 1999","authors":"M. Lawall, John K. Papadopoulos, Kathleen Lynch, B. Tsakirgis, S. Rotroff, Camilla MacKay","doi":"10.2307/2668481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2668481","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46513,"journal":{"name":"HESPERIA","volume":"70 1","pages":"163-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2001-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/2668481","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68732260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1. Davis et al. 1997; Zangger et al. 1997. This article presents the results offieldwork, interviews, and archival research into how land use and agricultural choices in the post-1829 era have affected the landscape around the village of Maryeli in Messenia, Greece. Although relatively isolated, and never demographically significant, Maryeli's landscape bears visible marks of the ebbs and flows of world trade. While in many ways the methods of land use in Maryeli are still visibly preindustrial, the goals of land use have long been "modern" in their relationship to capitalism and international market forces. Those goals repeatedly have reshaped the land. From 1992 to 1994 the Pylos Regional Archaeological Project (PRAP) conducted an intensive archaeological survey in southwest Messenia, Greece. Some of the results of that project have already been published in this journal.' During PRAP's final field season, our experiences while fieldwalking in and around the small mountain village of Maryeli encouraged us to conduct a deeper investigation of that village and its surrounding area (see Figs. 1 and 3). A first, unthinking look at Maryeli seemed to reveal a kind of "pristine" landscape, one conforming to all the stereotypes of a remote peasant village. The survey team found a village tightly nucleated around a central spring, and comprised of homes that were excellent examples of 19thand early-20th-century Peloponnesian architecture (see Fig. 2). Furthermore, Maryeli's many abandoned fields, relatively limited bulldozer use, and numerous preconcrete field structures all contrasted sharply with most of the other areas in which PRAP had worked. While less prosperous and less demographically robust than the study region as a whole, Maryeli's better-preserved material record of the prewar era provided an excellent opportunity to examine change and the human presence in the landscape since Greek independence in 1829. Studies of modern Greek villages typically have fallen into one of two camps: the ethnographic or the ethnoarchaeological. The ethnographers, relying on interviews, participant-observation, and local statistics (particularly of landholding patterns), have tended to emphasize such things as village belief systems, social structures, and kinship networks. Recent ethnographic work of a materialist vein has correctly pointed out the treAmerican School of Classical Studies at Athens is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve, and extend access to Hesperia www.jstor.org ®
1. Davis et al. 1997;Zangger et al. 1997。本文介绍了实地考察、访谈和档案研究的结果,探讨了1829年后土地利用和农业选择如何影响希腊迈塞尼亚Maryeli村周围的景观。虽然相对孤立,在人口统计学上也不重要,但马里耶利的景观却带有世界贸易兴衰的明显标志。虽然在许多方面,Maryeli的土地利用方法仍然明显是工业化前的,但土地利用的目标在与资本主义和国际市场力量的关系中长期以来一直是“现代的”。这些目标一再重塑了这片土地。从1992年到1994年,皮洛斯地区考古项目(PRAP)在希腊迈塞尼亚西南部进行了一次密集的考古调查。该项目的一些结果已经发表在了这本杂志上。”在PRAP的最后一个实地考察季节,我们在Maryeli小山村及其周围进行实地考察的经历鼓励我们对该村庄及其周边地区进行更深入的调查(见图1和图3)。第一次不加思考地看Maryeli似乎揭示了一种“原始”景观,符合所有对偏远农民村庄的刻板印象。调查小组发现一个村庄紧紧围绕着一个中心的泉水,由19世纪和20世纪早期伯罗奔尼撒建筑的优秀范例组成(见图2)。此外,Maryeli的许多废弃的田野,相对有限的推土机使用,以及大量的预制混凝土田野结构,与PRAP工作过的大多数其他地区形成鲜明对比。虽然与整个研究区域相比,马里利的繁荣程度和人口结构都不那么强劲,但保存较好的战前时期材料记录为研究希腊自1829年独立以来的变化和人类在景观中的存在提供了一个极好的机会。对现代希腊村庄的研究通常分为两大阵营:民族志和民族考古学。民族志学家依靠访谈、参与者观察和当地统计数据(特别是土地持有模式),倾向于强调诸如村庄信仰体系、社会结构和亲属网络之类的东西。最近唯物主义风格的人种志工作正确地指出,雅典的美国古典研究学院正在与JSTOR合作,对Hesperia www.jstor.org®进行数字化、保存和扩展访问
{"title":"Pylos Regional Archaeological Project, Part IV: Change and the Human Landscape in a Modern Greek Village in Messenia","authors":"Wayne E. Lee","doi":"10.2307/2668487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2668487","url":null,"abstract":"1. Davis et al. 1997; Zangger et al. 1997. This article presents the results offieldwork, interviews, and archival research into how land use and agricultural choices in the post-1829 era have affected the landscape around the village of Maryeli in Messenia, Greece. Although relatively isolated, and never demographically significant, Maryeli's landscape bears visible marks of the ebbs and flows of world trade. While in many ways the methods of land use in Maryeli are still visibly preindustrial, the goals of land use have long been \"modern\" in their relationship to capitalism and international market forces. Those goals repeatedly have reshaped the land. From 1992 to 1994 the Pylos Regional Archaeological Project (PRAP) conducted an intensive archaeological survey in southwest Messenia, Greece. Some of the results of that project have already been published in this journal.' During PRAP's final field season, our experiences while fieldwalking in and around the small mountain village of Maryeli encouraged us to conduct a deeper investigation of that village and its surrounding area (see Figs. 1 and 3). A first, unthinking look at Maryeli seemed to reveal a kind of \"pristine\" landscape, one conforming to all the stereotypes of a remote peasant village. The survey team found a village tightly nucleated around a central spring, and comprised of homes that were excellent examples of 19thand early-20th-century Peloponnesian architecture (see Fig. 2). Furthermore, Maryeli's many abandoned fields, relatively limited bulldozer use, and numerous preconcrete field structures all contrasted sharply with most of the other areas in which PRAP had worked. While less prosperous and less demographically robust than the study region as a whole, Maryeli's better-preserved material record of the prewar era provided an excellent opportunity to examine change and the human presence in the landscape since Greek independence in 1829. Studies of modern Greek villages typically have fallen into one of two camps: the ethnographic or the ethnoarchaeological. The ethnographers, relying on interviews, participant-observation, and local statistics (particularly of landholding patterns), have tended to emphasize such things as village belief systems, social structures, and kinship networks. Recent ethnographic work of a materialist vein has correctly pointed out the treAmerican School of Classical Studies at Athens is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve, and extend access to Hesperia www.jstor.org ®","PeriodicalId":46513,"journal":{"name":"HESPERIA","volume":"70 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/2668487","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68732116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Akroteria of the Temple of Athena Nike","authors":"Peter Schultz","doi":"10.2307/2668486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2668486","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46513,"journal":{"name":"HESPERIA","volume":"70 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/2668486","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68731970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Roman Table Support at Ancient Corinth","authors":"Aileen Ajootian","doi":"10.2307/148385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/148385","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46513,"journal":{"name":"HESPERIA","volume":"69 1","pages":"487"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2000-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/148385","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68665173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Falaieff Bell-kraters from Ancient Corinth","authors":"I. McPhee","doi":"10.2307/148384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/148384","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46513,"journal":{"name":"HESPERIA","volume":"69 1","pages":"453"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2000-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/148384","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68665085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}