Pub Date : 2022-05-31DOI: 10.1080/19359705.2022.2036666
T. Reynish, H. Hoang, Heather Bridgman, Bróna Nic Giolla Easpaig
Abstract Introduction: Sexual, gender, and erotic minorities experience oppressions that psychologically harm and impact help seeking. The aim of this review was to integrate available evidence on the uptake, barriers, and facilitators of mental health help seeking in sexual, gender, and erotic minorities. Method: Systematic searches were conducted in CINAHL, Medline, and Scopus for peer-reviewed articles and in Google for gray literature using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies published in English in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development countries between 2008 and 2018 regarding sexual, gender, and erotic minorities older than 18 years were eligible. Quality assessments were conducted and extracted data were analyzed thematically. Result: Ninety documents were included in the review. Uptake is generally greater among sexual, gender, and erotic minorities, but worse in those who experience intersecting oppressions. Barriers to care manifest systemically, in services, and in individual mental health professionals (MHP) and contribute to psychological distress and impede help seeking. Protective factors (resilience, inclusion) and trained MHP counter these barriers. Conclusion: Despite the general prevalence and risk of mental illness among sexual, gender, and erotic minorities due to external, modifiable oppressions, opportunities for inclusive psychological care exist.
{"title":"Barriers and enablers to mental health help seeking of sexual, gender, and erotic minorities: A systematic literature review","authors":"T. Reynish, H. Hoang, Heather Bridgman, Bróna Nic Giolla Easpaig","doi":"10.1080/19359705.2022.2036666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19359705.2022.2036666","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000 Introduction:\u0000 Sexual, gender, and erotic minorities experience oppressions that psychologically harm and impact help seeking. The aim of this review was to integrate available evidence on the uptake, barriers, and facilitators of mental health help seeking in sexual, gender, and erotic minorities. \u0000 Method:\u0000 Systematic searches were conducted in CINAHL, Medline, and Scopus for peer-reviewed articles and in Google for gray literature using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies published in English in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development countries between 2008 and 2018 regarding sexual, gender, and erotic minorities older than 18 years were eligible. Quality assessments were conducted and extracted data were analyzed thematically. \u0000 Result:\u0000 Ninety documents were included in the review. Uptake is generally greater among sexual, gender, and erotic minorities, but worse in those who experience intersecting oppressions. Barriers to care manifest systemically, in services, and in individual mental health professionals (MHP) and contribute to psychological distress and impede help seeking. Protective factors (resilience, inclusion) and trained MHP counter these barriers. \u0000 Conclusion:\u0000 Despite the general prevalence and risk of mental illness among sexual, gender, and erotic minorities due to external, modifiable oppressions, opportunities for inclusive psychological care exist.","PeriodicalId":46675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health","volume":"108 1","pages":"129 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88304520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/19359705.2022.2048348
C. McIntosh
It is a principal of psychotherapy that one can only change oneself, not other people. A simple concept, and yet one that at is at odds with the very human desire to influence others. This desire starts in the family with children influencing their parents with their cries, and parents influencing children with their rules. Both chafe at these bonds, these expectations of other people, and carry these sentiments into the rest of their lives. We should not be surprised that a fundamental dynamic of growing up gets reactivated in many people in a crisis, like the one the world has been dealing with since 2019. The child in us seeks protection, safety from a threat that is omnipresent and protean. The parent in us wants to do the right thing, to realize that protection, and expects other to contribute to this same project. These tensions find their way into our clinical relationships as we encounter patients who are vaccine hesitant or openly resistant. Anger arises as we consider the costs to us, our professional colleagues, and our families of preventable cases of COVID-19. We also direct anger at decisions of governments that may or may not be based on the best available science, and consider as well the effects on mental health, both of the pandemic itself and the measures used to address it. Ultimately, the ability to make change beyond our own sphere of control depends on working together and engaging with others, weaving a social fabric that lifts everybody up. That takes courage. This issue of JGLMH has a number of articles that are very relevant to mental health during the ongoing pandemic response, including a meta-analysis of studies comparing loneliness in heterosexual versus sexual minority groups, as well as a qualitative study examining COVID-19 and other stressors affecting Latino sexual minority men. We are also happy to include two more contributions to our Oral History Series, led by JGLMH’s Emeritus Editor Jack Drescher. We’d like to thank Dr. Drescher for his tremendous contributions to this important series that interviews prominent contributors to the LGBTQ Psychiatry community. We are looking for a new contributor to take over the editorial management of this ongoing series, so if this interests you, please be in touch with me at editors@aglp.org.
{"title":"Brave is what you’re doing","authors":"C. McIntosh","doi":"10.1080/19359705.2022.2048348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19359705.2022.2048348","url":null,"abstract":"It is a principal of psychotherapy that one can only change oneself, not other people. A simple concept, and yet one that at is at odds with the very human desire to influence others. This desire starts in the family with children influencing their parents with their cries, and parents influencing children with their rules. Both chafe at these bonds, these expectations of other people, and carry these sentiments into the rest of their lives. We should not be surprised that a fundamental dynamic of growing up gets reactivated in many people in a crisis, like the one the world has been dealing with since 2019. The child in us seeks protection, safety from a threat that is omnipresent and protean. The parent in us wants to do the right thing, to realize that protection, and expects other to contribute to this same project. These tensions find their way into our clinical relationships as we encounter patients who are vaccine hesitant or openly resistant. Anger arises as we consider the costs to us, our professional colleagues, and our families of preventable cases of COVID-19. We also direct anger at decisions of governments that may or may not be based on the best available science, and consider as well the effects on mental health, both of the pandemic itself and the measures used to address it. Ultimately, the ability to make change beyond our own sphere of control depends on working together and engaging with others, weaving a social fabric that lifts everybody up. That takes courage. This issue of JGLMH has a number of articles that are very relevant to mental health during the ongoing pandemic response, including a meta-analysis of studies comparing loneliness in heterosexual versus sexual minority groups, as well as a qualitative study examining COVID-19 and other stressors affecting Latino sexual minority men. We are also happy to include two more contributions to our Oral History Series, led by JGLMH’s Emeritus Editor Jack Drescher. We’d like to thank Dr. Drescher for his tremendous contributions to this important series that interviews prominent contributors to the LGBTQ Psychiatry community. We are looking for a new contributor to take over the editorial management of this ongoing series, so if this interests you, please be in touch with me at editors@aglp.org.","PeriodicalId":46675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health","volume":"121 1","pages":"111 - 111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86651779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-25DOI: 10.1080/19359705.2021.2016537
Jaime Swan, T. Phillips, Tait Sanders, A. Mullens, J. Debattista, Annette Brömdal
Abstract Introduction Transgender individuals experience disproportionately higher rates of mental health concerns and lower quality of life (QoL) than the general population. Gender-affirming healthcare can reduce negative mental health outcomes and improve QoL. This review explores the mental health and QoL outcomes to accessing gender-affirming surgery for transgender individuals. Method Following the PRISMA guidelines, searches were conducted using five databases for peer-reviewed articles, in English, with full-text available online published between January 2000 and August 2021. Result Fifty-three studies were included. Findings indicate reduced rates of suicide attempts, anxiety, depression, and symptoms of gender dysphoria along with higher levels of life satisfaction, happiness and QoL after gender-affirming surgery. Some studies reported that initial QoL improvements post gender-affirming surgery were not always enduring. Conclusion This review supports the need for more sustainable and accessible gender-affirming surgery as a means for improving the mental health and overall QoL among transgender individuals and indicates the need for further research with greater methodological rigor focusing on correlates of positive gender-affirming surgical outcomes. Without social, legal, and public policy responses to transgender discrimination, marginalization and exclusion, the beneficial outcomes of improved gender-affirming surgery will remain unclear.
{"title":"Mental health and quality of life outcomes of gender-affirming surgery: A systematic literature review","authors":"Jaime Swan, T. Phillips, Tait Sanders, A. Mullens, J. Debattista, Annette Brömdal","doi":"10.1080/19359705.2021.2016537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19359705.2021.2016537","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Transgender individuals experience disproportionately higher rates of mental health concerns and lower quality of life (QoL) than the general population. Gender-affirming healthcare can reduce negative mental health outcomes and improve QoL. This review explores the mental health and QoL outcomes to accessing gender-affirming surgery for transgender individuals. Method Following the PRISMA guidelines, searches were conducted using five databases for peer-reviewed articles, in English, with full-text available online published between January 2000 and August 2021. Result Fifty-three studies were included. Findings indicate reduced rates of suicide attempts, anxiety, depression, and symptoms of gender dysphoria along with higher levels of life satisfaction, happiness and QoL after gender-affirming surgery. Some studies reported that initial QoL improvements post gender-affirming surgery were not always enduring. Conclusion This review supports the need for more sustainable and accessible gender-affirming surgery as a means for improving the mental health and overall QoL among transgender individuals and indicates the need for further research with greater methodological rigor focusing on correlates of positive gender-affirming surgical outcomes. Without social, legal, and public policy responses to transgender discrimination, marginalization and exclusion, the beneficial outcomes of improved gender-affirming surgery will remain unclear.","PeriodicalId":46675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health","volume":"4 1","pages":"2 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87607368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-25DOI: 10.1080/19359705.2022.2030898
Clark Johnsen, Helen Ding
Abstract Background Self-disclosure of sexual orientation is a topic that requires nuance and thoughfulness by therapists who work in direct client care roles. While all therapists must contend with their sexual orientation when relating to clients, lesbian, gay, and bisexual therapists often encounter a more complex calculus with regard to when, why and how they might disclose their sexual orientation to clients and manage unintentional disclosures. Case A 14-year-old girl was admitted to the inpatient psychiatric unit with a diagnosis of Conversion disorder and intractable psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. In her initial interview in the inpatient unit, in an attempt to help the client open up, a gay male medical student spontaneously disclosed his sexual orientation. Outcome The student’s disclosure led to a fruitful discussion about the client’s reticence to bring up sexual attractions toward girls to her parents, whom she feared may reject her. The client then asked the medical student to assist in coming out to her parents during her inpatient stay. Over the course of her seven-day stay on the inpatient unit, the client had no further episodes and was discharged home. Discussion Disclosure of sexual orientation can benefit the therapeutic alliance, facilitate trust and reciprocity and improve client perceptions of the therapist’s trustworthiness and empathy. However, due to a lack of recognition, training and supervision surrounding this important topic, lesbian, gay and bisexual therapists are often left with only their intuition to guide them. We discuss clinical considerations for use of therapist self-disclosure of sexual orientation in terms of setting, manner and timing and elaborate a discussion about the potential impact of such a disclosure on both the client and the therapist.
{"title":"Therapist self-disclosure of sexual orientation revisited: Considerations with a case example","authors":"Clark Johnsen, Helen Ding","doi":"10.1080/19359705.2022.2030898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19359705.2022.2030898","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Self-disclosure of sexual orientation is a topic that requires nuance and thoughfulness by therapists who work in direct client care roles. While all therapists must contend with their sexual orientation when relating to clients, lesbian, gay, and bisexual therapists often encounter a more complex calculus with regard to when, why and how they might disclose their sexual orientation to clients and manage unintentional disclosures. Case A 14-year-old girl was admitted to the inpatient psychiatric unit with a diagnosis of Conversion disorder and intractable psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. In her initial interview in the inpatient unit, in an attempt to help the client open up, a gay male medical student spontaneously disclosed his sexual orientation. Outcome The student’s disclosure led to a fruitful discussion about the client’s reticence to bring up sexual attractions toward girls to her parents, whom she feared may reject her. The client then asked the medical student to assist in coming out to her parents during her inpatient stay. Over the course of her seven-day stay on the inpatient unit, the client had no further episodes and was discharged home. Discussion Disclosure of sexual orientation can benefit the therapeutic alliance, facilitate trust and reciprocity and improve client perceptions of the therapist’s trustworthiness and empathy. However, due to a lack of recognition, training and supervision surrounding this important topic, lesbian, gay and bisexual therapists are often left with only their intuition to guide them. We discuss clinical considerations for use of therapist self-disclosure of sexual orientation in terms of setting, manner and timing and elaborate a discussion about the potential impact of such a disclosure on both the client and the therapist.","PeriodicalId":46675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health","volume":"1 1","pages":"46 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83228125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-10DOI: 10.1080/19359705.2021.1997855
Sarah E. Rimmer, Tracy J. Cohn, Sarah L. Hastings, Jenessa C. Steele, Charles Woods
Abstract Introduction Transgender and gender diverse individuals experience increased suicidality in comparison to same-aged peers. Protective factors—in particular, social support—may ameliorate painful life events and circumstances. Method Using a sample of 217 adults obtained through convenience chain-sampling methods with recruitment requests posted to list-servs, distributed to organizations related to LGBTQ issues, and social media, the current study tested whether social support moderated participants’ experiences of gender minority stress and suicidality, and whether the type of social support changed the relationship between stress and suicidal ideation. Result Family and hetero-cisgender friend supports were significantly related to gender minority stress and suicidal ideation. However, neither LGBT-social support nor significant other support were found to moderate the relationship. Conclusion Translation of these findings to clinical and research settings are provided.
{"title":"Does social support moderate the relationship between gender minority stress and suicide within a sample of transgender and gender diverse people?","authors":"Sarah E. Rimmer, Tracy J. Cohn, Sarah L. Hastings, Jenessa C. Steele, Charles Woods","doi":"10.1080/19359705.2021.1997855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19359705.2021.1997855","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Transgender and gender diverse individuals experience increased suicidality in comparison to same-aged peers. Protective factors—in particular, social support—may ameliorate painful life events and circumstances. Method Using a sample of 217 adults obtained through convenience chain-sampling methods with recruitment requests posted to list-servs, distributed to organizations related to LGBTQ issues, and social media, the current study tested whether social support moderated participants’ experiences of gender minority stress and suicidality, and whether the type of social support changed the relationship between stress and suicidal ideation. Result Family and hetero-cisgender friend supports were significantly related to gender minority stress and suicidal ideation. However, neither LGBT-social support nor significant other support were found to moderate the relationship. Conclusion Translation of these findings to clinical and research settings are provided.","PeriodicalId":46675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health","volume":"52 1","pages":"284 - 303"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73787374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-10DOI: 10.1080/19359705.2021.2012733
A. Pezzella, Jessica Pistella, R. Baiocco, C. Kouta, Patricia Rocamora-Pérez, D. Nielsen, A. Kuckert-Wöstheinrich, V. Dudau, I. Papadopoulos
Abstract Introduction The IENE projects (2008–2022) aim to promote a model for developing intercultural dialogue and enhance the ability to provide culturally competent and compassionate care for the health and social care professionals at national and European levels. The IENE 9 project, named “Developing a culturally competent and compassionate LGBT + curriculum in health and social care education,” builds on the work developed in the previous IENE projects and emphasizes the importance of addressing LGBT + issues in health and social care education. Method Through an innovative Massive Open Online Course (MOOC), professionals will learn the skills to work toward building an LGBT + inclusive health and social care system. Result Notwithstanding the progress made in recent years on LGBT + issues, research indicates that too little attention has been given to LGBT + needs in health and social care settings, and these remain substantial issues that are often ignored. Conclusion This letter to the editor aims to present the IENE 9 project given that greater efforts are needed to improve professionals’ skills regarding sexual and gender minority population. We strive to continue our efforts in promoting the well-being and mental health of LGBT + people in health and social care education.
{"title":"IENE 9 project: Developing a culturally competent and compassionate LGBT + curriculum in health and social care education","authors":"A. Pezzella, Jessica Pistella, R. Baiocco, C. Kouta, Patricia Rocamora-Pérez, D. Nielsen, A. Kuckert-Wöstheinrich, V. Dudau, I. Papadopoulos","doi":"10.1080/19359705.2021.2012733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19359705.2021.2012733","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction The IENE projects (2008–2022) aim to promote a model for developing intercultural dialogue and enhance the ability to provide culturally competent and compassionate care for the health and social care professionals at national and European levels. The IENE 9 project, named “Developing a culturally competent and compassionate LGBT + curriculum in health and social care education,” builds on the work developed in the previous IENE projects and emphasizes the importance of addressing LGBT + issues in health and social care education. Method Through an innovative Massive Open Online Course (MOOC), professionals will learn the skills to work toward building an LGBT + inclusive health and social care system. Result Notwithstanding the progress made in recent years on LGBT + issues, research indicates that too little attention has been given to LGBT + needs in health and social care settings, and these remain substantial issues that are often ignored. Conclusion This letter to the editor aims to present the IENE 9 project given that greater efforts are needed to improve professionals’ skills regarding sexual and gender minority population. We strive to continue our efforts in promoting the well-being and mental health of LGBT + people in health and social care education.","PeriodicalId":46675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health","volume":"2 1","pages":"118 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72924911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-10DOI: 10.1080/19359705.2021.2012732
Hunter Sully, Kristin Perrone, S. Barrera, S. Simon-Dack
Abstract Introduction In order to understand implicit biases, we examined participants’ preconscious neural activity when viewing photos of differing racial combinations of same-sex male couples. Method P200 amplitudes measured preconscious neural activity while viewing photo stimuli. Result Participants engaged in preconscious categorization of all three types of photo stimuli. The largest P200 amplitudes appeared when viewing photos of Black gay couples, followed by White-Black gay couples, then White gay couples. Conclusion Individuals begin to categorize same-sex couples by their racial makeup as early as 200 milliseconds. Evidence of preconscious categorization may be helpful in dispelling inaccuracies of using a colorblindness approach to counseling and supervision.
{"title":"Preconscious categorization impacts how interracial same-sex couples are perceived by others: Implications for counseling and supervision","authors":"Hunter Sully, Kristin Perrone, S. Barrera, S. Simon-Dack","doi":"10.1080/19359705.2021.2012732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19359705.2021.2012732","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction In order to understand implicit biases, we examined participants’ preconscious neural activity when viewing photos of differing racial combinations of same-sex male couples. Method P200 amplitudes measured preconscious neural activity while viewing photo stimuli. Result Participants engaged in preconscious categorization of all three types of photo stimuli. The largest P200 amplitudes appeared when viewing photos of Black gay couples, followed by White-Black gay couples, then White gay couples. Conclusion Individuals begin to categorize same-sex couples by their racial makeup as early as 200 milliseconds. Evidence of preconscious categorization may be helpful in dispelling inaccuracies of using a colorblindness approach to counseling and supervision.","PeriodicalId":46675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health","volume":"65 1","pages":"403 - 425"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84450639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-10DOI: 10.1080/19359705.2021.2008572
Teddy G. Goetz, Amanda C. Arcomano
Abstract Purpose: Gender affirmation for transgender, non-binary, and/or gender diverse (“trans”) persons can include legal name and/or gender marker changes. Gender marker choice has become more com plex with increasing availability of a gender-neutral “X” marker. Yet, little research has characterized trans persons’ perspectives on legal gender affirmation, and its mental health impacts. Methods: Here we present qualitative research exploring trans individuals’ goals for and barriers from seeking gender-affirming legal care and perspectives on the “X” gender marker. We conducted one-hour semi-structured interviews with 54 trans persons in the U.S. and Canada. Results: Almost all participants were interested in legal name (had: 54%, want: 33%) and gender marker (had: 46%, want: 46%) changes. Most common barriers included: logistics, fearing violence/discrimination, cost, and legality; 24% reported only updating some identification documents. While some sought an “X” gender marker (had: 11%, want: 19%), 32% considered the “X” harmful, fearing lack of compatibility with other documents and increasing risk of gender-based violence/discrimination. Most reported anxiety and isolation from concerns over mismatched or inaccurate identification documents. Conclusions: This work offers insight into how legal gender affirmation influences mental health for trans persons, highlighting the importance of mental health providers exploring legal gender affirmation when treating members of the trans community.
{"title":"“X” marks the transgressive gender: A qualitative exploration of legal gender-affirmation","authors":"Teddy G. Goetz, Amanda C. Arcomano","doi":"10.1080/19359705.2021.2008572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19359705.2021.2008572","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000 Purpose:\u0000 Gender affirmation for transgender, non-binary, and/or gender diverse (“trans”) persons can include legal name and/or gender marker changes. Gender marker choice has become more com plex with increasing availability of a gender-neutral “X” marker. Yet, little research has characterized trans persons’ perspectives on legal gender affirmation, and its mental health impacts. \u0000 Methods:\u0000 Here we present qualitative research exploring trans individuals’ goals for and barriers from seeking gender-affirming legal care and perspectives on the “X” gender marker. We conducted one-hour semi-structured interviews with 54 trans persons in the U.S. and Canada. \u0000 Results:\u0000 Almost all participants were interested in legal name (had: 54%, want: 33%) and gender marker (had: 46%, want: 46%) changes. Most common barriers included: logistics, fearing violence/discrimination, cost, and legality; 24% reported only updating some identification documents. While some sought an “X” gender marker (had: 11%, want: 19%), 32% considered the “X” harmful, fearing lack of compatibility with other documents and increasing risk of gender-based violence/discrimination. Most reported anxiety and isolation from concerns over mismatched or inaccurate identification documents. \u0000 Conclusions:\u0000 This work offers insight into how legal gender affirmation influences mental health for trans persons, highlighting the importance of mental health providers exploring legal gender affirmation when treating members of the trans community.","PeriodicalId":46675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health","volume":"7 1","pages":"304 - 318"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84825980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-10DOI: 10.1080/19359705.2021.2015176
J. Drescher
{"title":"An interview with Robert M. Kertzner, MD","authors":"J. Drescher","doi":"10.1080/19359705.2021.2015176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19359705.2021.2015176","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"329 - 335"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82936288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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