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Public transport accessibility and the prices of nearby properties: the case of the first metro line in Warsaw 公共交通的可达性和附近房产的价格:以华沙第一条地铁线路为例
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2020-07-10 DOI: 10.18757/EJTIR.2020.20.2.3979
Marcin Torzewski
This paper identifies the relation between metro proximity and the prices of residential properties in Warsaw. The analysis is based on 2006-2013 AMRON-SARFiN data. The results show that metro has a positive impact on property prices if it is located at most 1.5 km from the property. The greatest increase in price of 8-13 per cent is observed when metro is located 400-800 meters from the property. The results indicate that when the metro transportation is poor, it causes a large increase in property prices, which is not comparable to the impact of other transports, such as bus or tram.
本文确定了华沙地铁邻近度与住宅物业价格之间的关系。该分析基于2006-2013年AMRON SARFiN数据。结果表明,如果地铁距离房产最多1.5公里,它会对房产价格产生积极影响。当地铁距离酒店400-800米时,价格涨幅最大,为8-13%。研究结果表明,当地铁交通状况不佳时,会导致房地产价格大幅上涨,这与其他交通工具(如公共汽车或有轨电车)的影响无法相比。
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引用次数: 4
On track towards improved regional development? – Impacts of the Svealand rail line on labour earnings in the Mälaren region 步入改善区域发展的轨道?-斯瓦兰铁路对Mälaren区域劳工收入的影响
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2020-03-10 DOI: 10.18757/EJTIR.2020.20.1.3878
A. Merkel, J. Holmgren
This paper studies the impacts on productivity following an investment in regional high-speed rail in the Mälaren region in Sweden. It uses wage earnings as a measure of productivity and proposes to capture agglomeration effects by measuring changes in effective labour force density induced by the transport improvement across municipalities in the region. This change in effective labour force density is then used as a continuous measure of treatment, in order to estimate the effect of the Svealand line introduction on labour earnings. While the transport improvement had a large impact on the connectivity and commuting patterns in affected municipalities, we find estimates of wage elasticities with respect to agglomeration that are in line with or smaller than average values from previous literature. The productivity effects, estimated over a ten-year time period, are shown to be rather modest and concentrated to the regions whose connectivity to the greater Stockholm area was directly affected. We also find that the main results do not materialize when a much shorter time period is used for analysis, indicating that a rather long adjustment time needs to occur before any effects can be seen.
本文研究了瑞典Mälaren地区区域高铁投资对生产率的影响。它使用工资收入作为生产率的衡量标准,并建议通过衡量该地区各城市交通改善引起的有效劳动力密度变化来捕捉集聚效应。这种有效劳动力密度的变化随后被用作衡量待遇的连续指标,以便估计引入斯瓦兰线对劳动收入的影响。虽然交通改善对受影响城市的连通性和通勤模式产生了巨大影响,但我们发现,相对于集聚的工资弹性估计与以前文献的平均值一致或小于平均值。生产力的影响,估计在十年期间,显示出相当温和,集中在与大斯德哥尔摩地区的连通性受到直接影响的地区。我们还发现,当使用更短的时间段进行分析时,主要结果并没有实现,这表明需要相当长的调整时间才能看到任何影响。
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引用次数: 2
Post-Disaster Reconstruction of Road Infrastructure 道路基础设施灾后重建
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2020-02-25 DOI: 10.18757/EJTIR.2020.20.1.3919
A. Gajanayake, Tehmina S. Khan, Guomin Zhang
The rehabilitation and reconstruction of damaged road infrastructure plays a vital role in the recovery of disaster affected regions. The methods and processes adopted by road-asset owners during the reconstruction phase influence the longer term effects in disaster hit communities. While the decision making processes are intended to reduce impacts, mistakes at the decision making stage can lead to an increase in social and economic impacts in the longer term. It is thus imperative to understand how decision making takes place with regard to post-disaster reconstruction of road infrastructure. The objective of this paper is to understand how road asset owners assess and prioritise post-disaster reconstruction projects in order to identify how decision making could be improved in Australia and similar regions. The results of in-depth interviews conducted with road infrastructure practitioners in disaster affected regions are presented. The findings showed that there is a gap between the research community and practitioners in the use of systematic methods to aid prioritisation and decision making. The interviews also showed that the consideration of only a limited set of engineering and financial elements can lead to unintended consequences that impede resilience. A causal loop diagram was developed to illustrate the interrelationship between factors and showed that active intervention based on a systems thinking approach will benefit post-disaster decision making. These findings suggest that the development of more localised decision making tools can increase their adoption among practitioners. 
受损道路基础设施的恢复和重建对受灾地区的恢复发挥着至关重要的作用。道路资产所有者在重建阶段采用的方法和流程会影响受灾社区的长期影响。虽然决策过程旨在减少影响,但从长远来看,决策阶段的错误可能会导致社会和经济影响的增加。因此,必须了解道路基础设施灾后重建的决策过程。本文的目的是了解道路资产所有者如何评估和优先考虑灾后重建项目,以确定如何改进澳大利亚和类似地区的决策。介绍了对受灾地区道路基础设施从业人员进行的深入访谈的结果。研究结果表明,研究界和从业者在使用系统方法来帮助确定优先顺序和决策方面存在差距。采访还表明,只考虑有限的工程和财务因素可能会导致意想不到的后果,阻碍恢复能力。开发了一个因果循环图来说明因素之间的相互关系,并表明基于系统思维方法的积极干预将有利于灾后决策。这些发现表明,开发更本地化的决策工具可以增加从业者对其的采用。
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引用次数: 6
Opportunities of advanced driver assistance systems towards overtaking 先进驾驶辅助系统在超车方面的机会
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18757/EJTIR.2005.5.4.4408
G. Hegeman, K. Brookhuis, S. Hoogendoorn
Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) are available on the market whilst the development of existing systems and new systems continues. Improving safety is one of the key purposes of these systems. ADAS would therefore be welcome to support overtaking manoeuvres, since these cause many fatal accidents each year. Before an ADAS could be developed that can assist drivers with overtaking a thorough task analysis of overtaking is necessary and presented in this paper. The overtaking manoeuvre is divided in five phases, in which more than 20 subtasks are distinguished. Next, possibilities of ADAS towards overtaking are verified. Almost all subtasks of an overtaking manoeuvre can be assisted with existing ADAS functionalities, combined in a so-called active overtaking assistant. Unfortunately, for the more complex subtasks such as ‘judging the distance with the first opposing vehicle’ and ‘monitoring the deviations of the lead vehicle’ no ADAS functionality is available yet.
先进驾驶辅助系统(ADAS)在现有系统和新系统继续发展的同时也在市场上可用。提高安全性是这些系统的主要目的之一。因此,ADAS系统将受到欢迎,以支持超车操作,因为这些操作每年都会导致许多致命事故。在开发辅助驾驶员超车的ADAS之前,有必要对超车进行全面的任务分析,本文对此进行了介绍。超车机动分为五个阶段,其中有20多个子任务。接下来,验证ADAS超车的可能性。几乎所有超车的子任务都可以通过现有的ADAS功能来辅助,并结合在一个所谓的主动超车助手中。不幸的是,对于更复杂的子任务,如“判断与第一辆对面车辆的距离”和“监控领先车辆的偏差”,目前还没有ADAS功能可用。(一)
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引用次数: 66
Optimization of route choice, speeds and stops in time varying networks for fuel effic ient truck journeys 优化时变网络中的路线选择、速度和停靠,以实现卡车的燃油效率
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2019-12-11 DOI: 10.18757/EJTIR.2019.19.4.4281
D. Watling, R. Connors, D. Milne, Haibo Chen
A method is presented for the real-time optimal control of the journey of a truck, travelling between a pair of pick-up/drop-off locations in a time-varying traffic network, in order to reduce fuel consumption. The method, when applied during the journey, encapsulates the choice of route, choice of speeds on the links, and choice of stop locations/durations; when applied pre-trip, it additionally incorporates choice of departure time. The problem is formulated by using a modified form of space-time extended network, in such a way that a shortest path in this network corresponds to an optimal choice of not only route, stops and (when relevant) departure time, but also of speeds. A series of simple illustrative examples are presented to illustrate the formulation. Finally, the method is applied to a realistic-size case study.
提出了一种时变交通网络中货车在两个上下车点之间行驶的实时最优控制方法,以降低油耗。该方法在旅途中应用时,封装了路线的选择,链路上速度的选择,以及停站位置/持续时间的选择;当应用于旅行前,它还包括出发时间的选择。该问题通过使用一种改进形式的时空扩展网络来表述,在这种方式下,该网络中的最短路径不仅对应于路线、站点和(相关的)出发时间,而且对应于速度的最优选择。提出了一系列简单的说明性例子来说明该公式。最后,将该方法应用于一个现实规模的案例研究。
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引用次数: 3
운수업조사 마이크로데이터를 이용한 물류산업의 양극화수준 실증분석 利用运输业调查微型数据分析物流产业两极化水平
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.34143/jtr.2019.26.4.15
Seung-Ju Jeong, Shin, Min-Seong, Lee, Jee-Sun
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引用次数: 0
First-mile이 서울시 아파트 전세가에 미치는 영향 First-mile对首尔市公寓年租金的影响
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.34143/jtr.2019.26.4.49
문성국, Jun Lee, 김현명, Kim So-hyeon
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引用次数: 0
Departure Time Choice and Bottleneck Congestion with Automated Vehicles: Role of On-board Activities 发车时间选择与自动驾驶车辆的瓶颈拥堵:车载活动的作用
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.18757/EJTIR.2020.20.4.4801
B. Pudāne
It is widely expected that automated vehicles (AVs) will revolutionise travel experience by better facilitating various on-board activities. While these activities could make travel more pleasant, as is often supposed, they could also affect daily schedules, the related travel choices, and finally, the aggregate travel patterns – possible influences that are still insufficiently studied. For example, a morning commuter deciding to perform some home or work activities during travel, instead of at home or work, could also reconsider his departure time to work. More such travellers together could reshape traffic congestion. This paper models exactly this scenario. It formulates new scheduling preferences, which account for home and/or work activities during morning commute, and uses these (1) to analyse the optimal departure times when there is no congestion, and (2) to obtain the equilibrium congestion patterns in a bottleneck setting. If there is no congestion, it is predicted that AV users would depart earlier (later), if the on-board environment supports their home (work) activities. If there is congestion, AV users that perform home (work) activities during travel skew the congestion to earlier (later) times, and AV users that perform both activities increase both early and late congestion. Engaging in any activity during travel worsens congestion, at least when assuming that AVs do not increase bottleneck capacity. If future AVs would be specialised to support only home, only work, or both home and work activities, and would do so to a similar extent, then ‘Work AVs’ would increase the congestion the least.
人们普遍预计,自动驾驶汽车将通过更好地促进各种车载活动,彻底改变出行体验。虽然这些活动可以让旅行更愉快,正如人们通常认为的那样,但它们也可能影响日常日程安排、相关的旅行选择,以及最终的总体旅行模式——这些可能的影响仍然没有得到充分的研究。例如,一个早上通勤的人决定在旅行期间进行一些家庭或工作活动,而不是在家或工作,他也可以重新考虑出发上班的时间。更多这样的游客聚集在一起可能会重塑交通拥堵。本文正是对这种情况进行建模。它制定了新的调度偏好,考虑到早上通勤期间的家庭和/或工作活动,并使用这些偏好(1)分析没有拥堵时的最佳出发时间,以及(2)获得瓶颈环境下的均衡拥堵模式。如果没有拥堵,预计AV用户会提前(晚)离开,如果车载环境支持他们的家庭(工作)活动。如果出现拥堵,在旅行期间执行家庭(工作)活动的AV用户会将拥堵时间提前(晚些时候),同时执行这两种活动的AV使用者会增加提前和晚些时候的拥堵。在旅行期间从事任何活动都会加剧拥堵,至少在假设AV不会增加瓶颈容量的情况下是这样。如果未来的AV将专门支持仅在家、仅工作或同时支持在家和工作的活动,并且将在类似的程度上这样做,那么“工作AV”将至少增加拥堵。
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引用次数: 4
Modelling risky driving behaviour 模拟危险驾驶行为
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2019-09-23 DOI: 10.18757/EJTIR.2019.19.3.4385
Gila Albert, S. Bekhor
This paper aims to demonstrate that advanced technique of modelling may provide insights and improve our understanding of driver behavior in risky decision-making situations. The paper introduces a Hybrid choice model in order to explain the overtaking decision on two-lane highways, which is well known as a risky decision in the safety literature. This model integrates a latent variable model and an overtaking choice model by combining their measurement and structural equations. Specifically, the paper investigates the role of four personality latent variables: Thrill and Adventure Seeking, Boredom Susceptibility, Geographic Ability, and Driving Anger. Respondents to a web-based survey ranked their likelihood to overtake on two-lane highways; two scenarios were captured via short videos: the first presenting a straight section of a road with good visibility, and the second approaching a curve with reduced visibility. Several indicators were collected via self-reported questionnaire. Results indicate that, two out of the four personality latent variables investigated, Thrill and Adventure Seeking and Geographic Ability provide significant explanation for overtaking decision. Both of them are positively correlated with higher risky overtaking behavior. The Hybrid model, by considering latent variables alongside observable variables and attributes of the decision, enhances the comprehension of overtaking behaviour, and therefore may be deployed for explaining other decisions related to risky driving behaviour.
本文旨在证明先进的建模技术可以提供见解,并提高我们对风险决策情况下驾驶员行为的理解。本文引入混合选择模型来解释双车道公路上的超车决策,这是安全文献中众所周知的风险决策。该模型将潜在变量模型和超车选择模型相结合,将两者的测量方程和结构方程相结合。具体而言,本文研究了四个人格潜在变量:刺激与冒险寻求、无聊敏感性、地理能力和驾驶愤怒。一项网络调查的受访者对他们在双车道高速公路上超车的可能性进行了排名;通过短视频捕捉到两种场景:第一个场景呈现的是能见度较好的直线路段,第二个场景呈现的是能见度较低的弯道。通过自我报告问卷收集多项指标。结果表明,在被调查的四个人格潜变量中,刺激和冒险寻求和地理能力两个变量对超车决策有显著的解释作用。两者都与高风险超车行为呈正相关。混合模型通过考虑潜在变量和可观察变量以及决策属性,增强了对超车行为的理解,因此可以用于解释与危险驾驶行为相关的其他决策。
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引用次数: 0
Stakeholder salience and prioritization for port master planning, a case study of the multi-purpose Port of Isafjordur in Iceland 利益攸关方在港口总体规划中的突出地位和优先次序,以冰岛多用途的伊萨峡湾港为例
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2019-09-23 DOI: 10.18757/EJTIR.2019.19.3.4386
M. Eskafi, R. Fazeli, A. Dastgheib, Poonam Taneja, Gudmundur F. Ulfarsson, R. Thorarinsdottir, G. Stefansson
The dynamic and ever-increasing complex nature of a port system involves a variety of stakeholders with a broad spectrum of involvement and objectives. In the port master planning, to fulfill the objectives of the various stakeholders and manage conflicts and controversies, a stakeholder analysis is carried out. However, effective and timely engagement of the key stakeholders in the planning process is not an easy task. This paper presents a framework of stakeholder analysis for the case study of the Multi-Purpose Port of Isafjordur in Iceland to underpin the master planning process. The framework deals with a systematic procedure of identification, grouping and then static mapping of stakeholders by means of the power-interest matrix. Further, the fuzzy logic 3-dimensional decision surface was adopted for dynamic salience mapping of the
港口系统的动态和日益复杂的性质涉及各种各样的利益相关者,他们有广泛的参与和目标。在港口总体规划中,为了实现各利益相关者的目标,管理冲突和争议,进行了利益相关者分析。然而,在规划过程中有效和及时地让主要利益相关者参与并不是一件容易的事。本文为冰岛Isafjordur多用途港口的案例研究提供了一个利益相关者分析框架,以支持总体规划过程。该框架通过权力-利益矩阵处理利益相关者的识别、分组和静态映射的系统过程。在此基础上,采用模糊逻辑三维决策面对模型进行动态显著性映射
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引用次数: 7
期刊
European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research
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