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Dating Apps: The Uncertainty of Marketised Love 约会软件:市场化爱情的不确定性
IF 1.9 1区 社会学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-01-10 DOI: 10.1177/17499755211051559
C. Bandinelli, A. Gandini
Dating apps promise a ‘digital fix’ to the ‘messy’ matter of love by means of datafication and algorithmic matching, realising a platformisation of romance commonly understood through notions of a market’s rationality and efficiency. Reflecting on the findings of a small-scale qualitative research on the use of dating apps among young adults in London, we problematise this view and argue that the specific form of marketisation articulated by dating apps is entrepreneurial in kind, whereby individuals act as brands facing the structural uncertainty of interacting with ‘quasi-strangers’. In so doing, we argue, dating app users enact a Luhmanian notion of interpersonal trust, built on the assessment of the risk of interacting with unfamiliar others that is typical of digitally mediated contexts dominated by reputational logics. From a sociocultural perspective, dating apps emerge as sociotechnical apparatuses that remediate the demand to rationally choose a partner while at the same time reproducing the (im)possibility of doing so. In this respect, far from offering a new form of efficiency, they (re)produce the ontological uncertainty (Illouz, 2019) that characterises lovers as entrepreneurs.
约会软件承诺通过数据化和算法匹配来“数字化”解决“混乱”的爱情问题,实现了通常通过市场理性和效率概念来理解的浪漫平台化。通过对伦敦年轻人使用约会应用程序的小规模定性研究的结果进行反思,我们对这一观点提出了质疑,并认为约会应用程序所表达的市场化的具体形式是创业性质的,在这种情况下,个人作为品牌,面对与“准陌生人”互动的结构不确定性。我们认为,在这样做的过程中,约会应用程序用户制定了一种卢曼式的人际信任概念,这种概念建立在对与不熟悉的人互动风险的评估之上,这是典型的由声誉逻辑主导的数字媒介环境。从社会文化的角度来看,约会软件是作为一种社会技术工具出现的,它弥补了理性选择伴侣的需求,同时也重现了这样做的可能性。在这方面,它们非但没有提供一种新的效率形式,反而(重新)产生了本体论上的不确定性(Illouz, 2019),而这种不确定性正是情侣作为企业家的特征。
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引用次数: 6
‘Everyone’s Annoyed’: Leveraging Uncertainty in the Smell of Others “每个人都很恼火”:利用他人气味中的不确定性
IF 1.9 1区 社会学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-11-28 DOI: 10.1177/17499755211051846
A. Gerber
A growing literature illuminates the limits of claims made on the basis of sensory perception in scientized, rationalized, and bureaucratic contexts. How to understand exceptions to the rule – cases where claims based on sensory experience are taken at face value, even without corroborating evidence? Here, I focus on one such exception, in which citizen complaints about the smell of a small shantytown functioned successfully as both demands and justifications despite a lack of the kinds of instrumentally and technologically enabled corroboration that the literature would suggest are necessary to strengthen such claims. I show how complaints slotted neatly into a specific cultural structure, an olfactory cosmology in which ‘bad air’ that endangers health can be identified by smell and requires ongoing management and amelioration, and where adherence to hygienic norms is required for full moral citizenship. The case suggests ways that the apparent weaknesses of olfactory claims might allow them to be uniquely weaponized in social and political life, and shows how such claims can exploit shared norms, values, and meanings to enroll others in the demand for action.
越来越多的文献阐明了在科学化、合理化和官僚化的背景下,基于感官感知的主张的局限性。如何理解规则的例外情况——即使没有确凿证据,基于感官体验的索赔也被视为表面价值?在这里,我关注的是这样一个例外,即公民对小棚户区气味的投诉成功地成为了要求和理由,尽管缺乏文献所表明的必要的工具和技术证实。我展示了投诉是如何巧妙地融入一种特定的文化结构中的,在这种文化结构中,可以通过气味来识别危害健康的“坏空气”,需要持续的管理和改进,并且需要遵守卫生规范才能获得充分的道德公民身份。该案例表明,嗅觉主张的明显弱点可能会使它们在社会和政治生活中被独特地武器化,并表明这种主张可以利用共同的规范、价值观和意义,让其他人参与行动要求。
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引用次数: 0
Consecrating and Desecrating Elite Communities: Fearing and Dealing with Social Deviance in Sweden’s Wealthiest Neighborhood 圣化与亵渎精英社区:瑞典最富有社区对社会越轨行为的恐惧与处理
IF 1.9 1区 社会学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-11-28 DOI: 10.1177/17499755211053172
Mikael Holmqvist
In this article I report observations from an ethnographic study of a Swedish economic elite community, including interviews with residents and service staff, and participant observations in various social contexts stretching over a period of five years that can contribute to an understanding of how elite communities respond to potential social deviance among its members, such as feelings of insufficiency and stress, thus trying to avoid any ‘desecration’ of their social and cultural capital. Specifically, I examine how the practices through which desecration is avoided, for example the exclusion of unwanted members, interplay in the further consecration of the communities, thus maintaining and strengthening elites’ status and standing, Studying the problems and difficulties experienced by elites in their neighborhood settings, and how they try to manage them, is potentially an important step forward to better analyze and understand the way powerful groups in contemporary society maintain and strengthen their privileges and power.
在本文中,我报告了对瑞典经济精英社区的民族志研究的观察结果,包括对居民和服务人员的采访,以及在各种社会背景下长达五年的参与者观察,这有助于理解精英社区如何应对其成员之间潜在的社会偏差,例如不足和压力的感觉,从而试图避免任何“亵渎”他们的社会和文化资本。具体来说,我研究了避免亵渎的做法,例如排斥不受欢迎的成员,如何在社区的进一步奉献中相互作用,从而维持和加强精英的地位和地位,研究精英在社区环境中遇到的问题和困难,以及他们如何试图管理这些问题和困难,对于更好地分析和理解当代社会权势集团维持和加强其特权和权力的方式可能是重要的一步。
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引用次数: 2
Modernism and Record Covers: Raising the Status of Jazz in Sweden 现代主义与唱片封面:提高爵士乐在瑞典的地位
IF 1.9 1区 社会学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-11-17 DOI: 10.1177/17499755211052363
Mischa van Kan
By introducing a wider understanding of the discourse of modernism at the time that record covers were introduced, this article investigates record covers as a means through which various actors in the Swedish jazz scene connected jazz with modernist art forms. In the 1950s, specific designs for record sleeves became integrated into the ways in which jazz was mediated in Sweden, which coincided with wider debates about whether jazz could be seen as an art form. The main question of this article is: How did the artwork on record covers influence the acceptance of jazz as an art form in Sweden? In responding to this question, the article aims to demonstrate that, in addition to written discourse, visual objects – in this case record covers – were of great importance to the rising status of jazz in Sweden in the 1950s and 1960s. More broadly, I argue that the visual elements in music cultures can be just as important, if not more so, than written forms of discourse, for negotiating the social status of music.
通过对唱片封面推出时现代主义话语的更广泛理解,本文探讨了唱片封面作为瑞典爵士乐界各种演员将爵士乐与现代主义艺术形式联系起来的一种手段。20世纪50年代,唱片封套的具体设计融入了瑞典爵士乐的传播方式,这与关于爵士乐是否可以被视为一种艺术形式的更广泛争论不谋而合。本文的主要问题是:唱片封套上的艺术作品是如何影响瑞典对爵士乐作为一种艺术形态的接受的?在回答这个问题时,这篇文章旨在证明,除了书面话语之外,视觉对象——在本例中是唱片封面——对爵士乐在20世纪50年代和60年代在瑞典的地位上升具有重要意义。更广泛地说,我认为音乐文化中的视觉元素对于协商音乐的社会地位来说,可能与书面话语形式一样重要,甚至更重要。
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引用次数: 1
Cultural Sociology and the Politics of Canonization: An Anglo-Canadian Perspective 文化社会学与封圣政治:盎格鲁-加拿大视角
IF 1.9 1区 社会学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-11-12 DOI: 10.1177/17499755211048435
Kim de Laat, Allyson Stokes
This article offers a regional spotlight introduction to Anglo-Canadian cultural sociology. The question of what makes Canada unique has long preoccupied Canadian writers, artists, and policy makers, and is central to scholarly debates about Canadian sociology’s position relative to British, American, and other national sociologies, as well as the need for decolonization and diversification of the disciplinary canon. As a subfield, Anglo-Canadian cultural sociology receives little attention within these wider debates despite its emphasis on issues of cultural difference, identity, and evaluation. We provide an analysis of the dynamics of the field. Using course syllabi and survey data from instructors (N = 28), we examine whether there is a unique canon in Anglo-Canadian cultural sociology, and how cultural sociology is taught across Canada. Network analysis of texts assigned on syllabi and survey responses from cultural sociology instructors reveal, first, a thematic canon in Canadian cultural sociology, with a plurality of authors used to teach four main themes: identity and representation, cultural production, cultural consumption, and conceptualizing and measuring culture. Second, we find the positionality of Anglo-Canadian cultural sociology (with respect to both other national sociologies and neighboring subfields/disciplines) is uncertain and widely variant. Finally, survey responses concerning identity and representation suggest a reflexivity about the politics of canonization, and a gendered interest in decolonizing curricula. We conclude by arguing that a thematic canon in cultural sociology facilitates the maintenance of fuzzy boundaries with other subfields, national and Indigenous intellectual traditions, and a critical feminist lens.
本文对英加文化社会学进行了区域聚焦介绍。长期以来,是什么让加拿大与众不同一直困扰着加拿大的作家、艺术家和政策制定者,也是关于加拿大社会学相对于英国、美国和其他国家社会学地位的学术辩论的核心问题,也是非殖民化和学科规范多样化的需要。作为一个分支,尽管盎格鲁-加拿大文化社会学强调文化差异、身份和评价等问题,但在这些广泛的辩论中,它很少受到关注。我们提供了场的动力学分析。利用课程大纲和教师的调查数据(N = 28),我们研究了英加文化社会学是否有独特的经典,以及加拿大如何教授文化社会学。对教学大纲上指定的文本和文化社会学教师的调查反馈进行的网络分析显示,首先,加拿大文化社会学的主题经典,许多作者用来教授四个主要主题:身份和表征、文化生产、文化消费以及概念化和衡量文化。其次,我们发现盎格鲁-加拿大文化社会学的地位(相对于其他国家的社会学和邻近的子领域/学科)是不确定的,而且差异很大。最后,关于身份和代表性的调查回应表明,对册封政治的反思,以及对非殖民化课程的性别兴趣。最后,我们认为,文化社会学的主题经典有助于维持与其他子领域、民族和土著知识传统以及批判性女权主义镜头的模糊界限。
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引用次数: 1
Power, Culture, and Materiality in Modernity 现代性中的权力、文化和物质性
IF 1.9 1区 社会学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-11-08 DOI: 10.1177/17499755211045034
Marcus Morgan
decision to split ‘relational’ from ‘material’ power. Morgan asks whether a re-fused material-relational account of power might not continue to serve us well in highlighting one of the necessary economic features of the various global transitions to modernity. Emily Erikson chooses to interrogate Reed’s identification of the body metaphor as constitutionally significant to modernity, questioning how this metaphor applies in nonEuropean contexts, and highlighting the exclusionary implications it holds. Stephen Kemp’s review is interested in how Reed’s work might be seen as a development of his earlier writing on the place of hermeneutics in the social sciences. In particular, he is interested in the degree to which Reed’s latest book can be read as expressing a continuity with his earlier preoccupations with understanding society in terms of meaning, interpretation, and process, as opposed to the constraining influence of an external ‘social structure’ existing ‘out there’. Kemp suggests that this new book occasionally risks treating meaning as though it were such a reified social structure, rather than the variable and contingent product of a sequence of interactions. Monika Krause raises several important critical points of her own. Amongst them, she questions whether the theoretical term ‘exclusion’ adequately captures all the various ills and victimisations produced by the exercises of social power Reed identifies. Krause also senses some ambiguity over whether Power in Modernity should be read as an analysis of a particular social sphere – the specific sphere of political power – that assumes a broader theory of a differentiation of spheres, or whether his account of power should be taken as a critique of such differentiation theories altogether. Leonidas Tsilipakos takes up the issue of how Reed builds on Ernst Kantorowicz’s work, singling out analytically the various methodological, theoretical and conceptual choices that provide for the claim that ‘the King’s second body’ eternally recurs. His review appreciates the scope of Reed’s work but remains circumspect as to its (or any work’s) ability to adequately synthesise such a broad sweep of ideas and arguments, and, further, to handle the clash between historicist and formal theoretical modes of inquiry. As readers will discover, in his reply to critics, Isaac Ariail Reed, has chosen to helpfully restate the intent of the book as well as the scope of its argument and to engage with and defend against some of the critical issues this introduction has itemised.
决定将“关系”力量与“物质”力量分开。摩根问道,对权力的重新融合的物质关系描述是否不会继续很好地帮助我们突出全球向现代性过渡的必要经济特征之一。艾米丽·埃里克森(Emily Erikson)选择质疑里德(Reed)对身体隐喻的认同,认为其对现代性具有宪法意义,质疑这种隐喻如何在非欧洲语境中应用,并强调其所具有的排斥性含义。斯蒂芬·肯普的评论感兴趣的是,里德的工作如何被视为他早期关于解释学在社会科学中地位的写作的发展。特别是,他感兴趣的是,里德的新书在多大程度上可以被解读为表达了对他早期关注的理解社会的意义、解释和过程的连续性,而不是存在于“外部”的外部“社会结构”的约束性影响。肯普认为,这本新书偶尔会冒险将意义视为一种具体化的社会结构,而不是一系列互动的可变和偶然产物。Monika Krause提出了她自己的几个重要观点。其中,她质疑“排斥”这个理论术语是否充分反映了里德所认定的社会权力行使所产生的各种弊病和伤害。克劳斯还感觉到,《现代性中的权力》是否应该被解读为对特定社会领域——政治权力的特定领域——的分析,该领域假设了一个更广泛的领域分化理论,或者他对权力的描述是否应该被视为对这种分化理论的批判。Leonidas Tsilipakos讨论了Reed如何在Ernst Kantorowicz的工作基础上构建的问题,分析地指出了各种方法论、理论和概念选择,这些选择为“国王的第二个身体”永远重现的说法提供了依据。他的评论赞赏里德的工作范围,但对其(或任何作品)充分综合如此广泛的思想和论点的能力,以及处理历史主义和正式理论探究模式之间的冲突的能力,仍然持谨慎态度。正如读者会发现的那样,艾萨克·阿里亚尔·里德在回复批评者时,选择了有益地重述这本书的意图及其论点的范围,并参与和捍卫本引言中列举的一些关键问题。
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引用次数: 0
Processual Power, Processual Meaning? 过程能力,过程意义?
IF 1.9 1区 社会学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-11-08 DOI: 10.1177/17499755211036889
S. Kemp
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引用次数: 0
Introduction to the Book Review Symposium 书评研讨会简介
IF 1.9 1区 社会学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-11-08 DOI: 10.1177/17499755211049172
Marcus Morgan, Leonidas Tsilipakos
The following book review symposium began life in the form of an event that took place on 14 October, 2020, organised on behalf of the group for Social, Cultural and Political Theory within the School of Sociology Politics and International Studies (SPAIS), at the University of Bristol. The idea for that event was to invite a selection of key scholars to discuss an important new work in social theory, namely, a recent and particularly promising book by Isaac Ariail Reed, entitled Power in Modernity: Agency Relations and the Creative Destruction of the King’s Two Bodies. The book caught our attention as it seemed to offer a wealth of insights on classical sociological topics, but at the same time to propose a fresh understanding of those topics, and to provide an important new intervention in the field of the cultural and historical sociology of power. For the initial event, the author kicked things off by outlining the book, followed by discussants who, having carefully studied the book in advance, provided their responses, and in some cases objections, which were in turn met by further elaborations and counterarguments by the author. Although in our initial plans we intended to hold this event in Bristol, we unfortunately had to abandon those plans due to COVID-19 related restrictions. Resorting to an online platform, however, proved to be a particularly rewarding experience: most importantly, it enabled the gathering of a larger and certainly more diverse audience than we could have possibly convinced to make the trip to Bristol. After the success of the initial event, it was agreed that we would seek the publication of a book symposium. In terms of contributors, we were grateful that Emily Erikson was kind enough to accept an invitation to join us at this later stage. On the other hand, we were sad that Eric Lybeck, one of the initial participants, had to withdraw. Most contributions have been reworked through discussion as well as further study and reflection, while also retaining some of the stylistic imprint of their initial status as relatively informal talks. Complementary summaries of the book are offered in all of the following pieces, so we will refrain from adding yet another here. Whilst all the responding scholars identify a great deal of merit in Reed’s work, they also, each in their own way, provide critical engagement. What follows is a highly abridged summary of some of the key critical themes raised. Marcus Morgan’s response focuses on Reed’s typology of dimensions of power. Whilst sympathetic overall to the utility of Reed’s categorisations, he nevertheless questions his 1049172 CUS0010.1177/17499755211049172Cultural SociologyBook Review Symposium research-article2021
以下书评研讨会以2020年10月14日举行的活动的形式开始,代表布里斯托尔大学社会学政治与国际研究学院(SPAIS)内的社会,文化和政治理论小组组织。这次活动的目的是邀请一些重要的学者来讨论社会理论领域的一部重要的新著作,即艾萨克·阿里埃尔·里德最近出版的一本特别有前途的书,题为《现代性中的权力:代理关系和对国王的两个身体的创造性破坏》。这本书引起了我们的注意,因为它似乎提供了对经典社会学主题的丰富见解,但同时提出了对这些主题的新理解,并在权力的文化和历史社会学领域提供了重要的新干预。在最初的活动中,作者首先概述了这本书,然后是讨论者,他们事先仔细研究了这本书,提供了他们的回答,在某些情况下提出了反对意见,这些意见反过来又被作者进一步阐述和反驳。虽然在我们最初的计划中,我们打算在布里斯托尔举行这次活动,但不幸的是,由于与COVID-19相关的限制,我们不得不放弃这些计划。然而,诉诸于一个在线平台,被证明是一个特别有益的经历:最重要的是,它使我们能够聚集更多、更多样化的观众,而不是我们可能说服去布里斯托尔旅行。在最初的活动取得成功后,我们同意寻求出版一个图书研讨会。在贡献者方面,我们非常感谢Emily Erikson接受了邀请,在后期加入我们。另一方面,我们感到遗憾的是,最初的参与者之一埃里克·利贝克不得不退出。通过讨论以及进一步的研究和反思,大多数贡献都经过了重新设计,同时也保留了一些相对非正式会谈的初始状态的风格印记。本书的补充摘要将在以下所有部分中提供,因此我们将避免在这里添加另一个。虽然所有回应的学者都认为里德的工作有很多优点,但他们也都以自己的方式提供了批判性的参与。以下是对提出的一些关键主题的高度删节的总结。Marcus Morgan的回应集中在Reed关于权力维度的类型学上。虽然总体上同情里德分类的效用,但他仍然质疑他的1049172 cus0010.1177 /17499755211049172文化社会学书评研讨会研究文章2021
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引用次数: 0
The Recurrence of the King’s Second Body? 国王第二身体的复发?
IF 1.9 1区 社会学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-11-08 DOI: 10.1177/17499755211033554
Leonidas Tsilipakos
Elias N (1996) The Germans: Power Struggles and the Development of Habitus in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries. New York: Columbia University Press. Kuzmics H and Axtman R (2007) Authority, State and National Character. The Civilizing Process in Austria and England, 1700–1900. Aldershot/Burlington: Ashgate. Langman L and Lundskow G (2017) God, Guns, Gold and Glory American Character and its Discontents. Leiden: Brill. Latour B (1993) We Have Never Been Modern. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Latour B (2018) An Inquiry into Modes of Existence. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Elias N(1996)《德国人:十九世纪和二十世纪的权力斗争和习惯的发展》。纽约:哥伦比亚大学出版社。Kuzmics H和Axtman R(2007)权威、国家和民族特征。奥地利和英国的文明进程,1700–1900年。奥尔德肖特/伯灵顿:阿什盖特。Langman L和Lundskow G(2017)《上帝、枪支、黄金和荣耀——美国性格及其不满》。莱顿:布里尔。拉图尔B(1993)《我们从未现代化》。马萨诸塞州剑桥:哈佛大学出版社。Latour B(2018)《生存模式探究》。马萨诸塞州剑桥:哈佛大学出版社。
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引用次数: 1
Power and the People 权力与人民
IF 1.9 1区 社会学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-11-08 DOI: 10.1177/17499755211034817
Emily Erikson
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Cultural Sociology
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