Global Health Promotion最新文献

This study critiques the prevailing anthropocentric and neoliberal frameworks within planetary health discourses, advocating for multi-species wellbeing-a departure from the dominant models of planetary health that tend to prioritize human interests and overlook the symbiotic relationships among holobionts. Drawing on posthumanism and relational theories to critique anthropocentrism and promote emancipatory worlding, it highlights the role of socio-economic disparities in environmental degradation and the unequal distribution of power and responsibility. This study further reveals the inadequacy of resilience and adaptation strategies often promoted by neoliberal agendas, calling instead for systemic change. True planetary health requires a shift from anthropocentric paradigms to a symbiotic model that incorporates material justice and restitution. Addressing global health disparities and environmental degradation must move beyond market-based solutions, prioritizing the interconnectedness of all species and their environments.

Sierra Leone has one of the world's highest maternal mortality rates. In response to this crisis, Sierra Leone has developed innovative policies and community-based practices to improve maternal health, including the implementation of the Sierra Leone Reproductive, Maternal, Neonatal, Child, and Adolescent Health Strategy. The Mothers of Sierra Leone project creates short documentary films that amplify the expertise of Sierra Leonean healthcare professionals and the voices of current and expectant mothers. The current study used focus groups to qualitatively explore the perceptions of mothers and healthcare workers in Sierra Leone about the efficacy of short, direct, documentary storytelling as a tool for improving maternal health-seeking behaviors. The salient themes that emerged in the mothers' data included health education and awareness and confidence and trust in healthcare systems. The salient themes that emerged in the healthcare workers' data included trust in healthcare systems, improving education, and impact on health choices. Our findings suggest that documentary film could serve as a powerful tool within low-income countries for encouraging positive health choices, spreading education on maternal and child health topics, building trust in the healthcare system, and reinforcing motivation for healthcare workers to comprehensively care for their patients.

Background: Goal setting is an important step in planning physical activity promotion strategies. Based on the dose-response relationships between physical activity and health and the goal-setting theory, setting higher goals without exceeding people's acceptance is desirable. Understanding maximum acceptance of physical activity increases is helpful for enabling such goal setting. Nonetheless, the level of maximum acceptance of physical activity increase and its sociodemographic differences remain unclear. This study examined the level and sociodemographic correlates of maximum acceptable physical activity increase among Japanese adults.

Methods: A web-based cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted with 2259 Japanese adults aged 20-64 years. Based on the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behavior model, the acceptable time for increasing physical activity in a day was examined from three perspectives: capabilities, opportunities and motivations. For motivation, two definitions were employed: definition I regarded unchanged motivation as acceptable, and definition II regarded it as unacceptable. The maximum acceptable physical activity increase was identified by combining the responses of these subcomponents. This study measured sociodemographic factors such as gender, age, current marital status, current working status, educational background, annual household income and current physical activity duration.

Results: The means (95% confidence intervals) and standard deviations of maximum acceptable physical activity increase were 17.0 (16.3-17.7) and 16.9 min per day in definition I and 9.0 (8.4-9.6) and 13.9 min per day in definition II. Across both definitions, multiple regression analyses showed that younger age, greater levels of annual household income and longer current physical activity duration were significantly associated with longer maximum acceptable physical activity increases.

Conclusions: From the findings, an increase in physical activity of approximately 10-15 min per day might be an important option in goal setting, and setting higher goals would be feasible for younger adults, adults with higher household incomes, and physically active adults.

There is a complex interplay of multiple factors across numerous domains underlying obesity and the emergence of the global health problem known as the double burden of malnutrition (DBM), where people are both obese and malnourished. Moreover, there is inequity in the burden of obesity and DBM, with higher rates of both in low-income communities, which comprise predominantly people of color (both in the U.S. and internationally). This article aims to provide an integrated overview of the different causes and effects of obesity and its impact on the family unit. Importantly, we examine broader influences, such as the environmentally unsustainable transnational food system, the rise of ultra-processed foods, and the structural barriers that keep communities of color at the highest risk for obesity and DBM. The review includes recommendations for future research, specifically how to implement more environmentally sustainable food systems at the community and family levels.

Today, the increase in multiculturalism in almost every country due to internal and external migration, work, and other factors has brought about many challenges, one of which is the language barrier. The aim of this study was to evaluate the birth experiences of women with language differences in the context of respectful maternity care. The study was conducted with nine women who experienced a normal birth and had language differences. Data were collected through in-depth interviews using a semi-structured interview form. The data were analyzed using content analysis. After transcribing the interviews, three main themes were identified: communication difficulties, unwanted behaviors during childbirth, and gentle approaches in instinctive childbirth. It was found that women's birth experiences were influenced by the harsh tone of voice and facial expressions of healthcare professionals, even in the presence of a language difference. The results of the study reveal that a gentle approach plays an important role in the birth process in response to the communication difficulties faced by women with language differences. Therefore, it is emphasized that providing services in line with respectful maternity care for every woman is crucial for positive birth experiences.

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Chlordecone is a pesticide that was used in Martinique and Guadeloupe between 1972 and 1993. The multiple impacts on health and living conditions of the local population led to the implementation of the JAFA (JArdins FAmiliaux) programme, which was launched in 2009 to reduce contamination of part of the population: 'household producers' who consume produce from the animals they breed and gardens that are potentially contaminated. The research question was: what are the key impacts and functions of the approach implemented as part of the JAFA programme between 2015 and 2023? The aim of this study is to understand how and under what conditions the JAFA intervention works in order to produce recommendations in terms of transferability, scaling up and reorientation.

Methods: An iterative theory-based evaluation adapted to a 'complex' intervention is the most appropriate for JAFA and a particularly realist evaluation that highlights the intervention theory of JAFA. Realist evaluation makes it possible to put forward configuration hypotheses in the form of causal chains: contexts - mechanisms - effects. This realist evaluation was developed iteratively with the programme's stakeholders, engaging participating professionals in brainstorming sessions conducted as seminars as well as groups of programme participants in focus group discussions. The results can be refined at each reflection loop with this approach.

Results: Results are based on two series of individual interviews with professionals and members of the public who took part in JAFA, totalling 105 interviews. Three seminars with professionals and two focus groups alternating with the interviews were organized on each island. JAFA's medium-range theory is composed of 22 causal chains: 127 contexts acting on 22 mechanisms. Moreover, 10 recommendations were validated.

Conclusion: The realist evaluation revealed key strategies for improving the programme over the long term, and for transferring, scaling up and redirecting it according to local needs.

Aim: The study aims to utilise a strengths-based approach to investigate whether Indigenous Australian adolescents with affective engagement in their schooling and education are more resilient, and if this resilience from affective engagement in school contributes to predict the negative consequences associated with bullying at school.

Methods: The current study comprised 490 Indigenous adolescents aged 11-16 years from four Footprints in Time: The Longitudinal Study of Indigenous Children (LSIC) waves (W8, W10, W11 and W12 - conducted between 2014 and 2019) of the 'Longitudinal Study of Indigenous Children' dataset. In this study, Generalised Linear Models (GLMs) were employed to examine whether affective school engagement (independent variable) was associated with the outcome variable - the study child's resilience (measured by the validated Strong Souls Resilience subscale) and whether it varied by child's exposure to bullying victimisation. All models were adjusted for potential sociodemographic covariates (i.e. age, sex, location and socioeconomic position).

Results: Of the 490 participants analysed, 89.4% (n = 438) had high affective school engagement, 37.8% (n = 185) were not bullied and the mean resilience score was 19.41 (SD = 5.21). Bivariate analysis revealed that there was a significant difference in median resilience score between two categories of school engagement (p = 0.002). Longitudinal analysis using GLMs showed that high affective school engagement is a positive predictor of the study child's resilience (p = 0.013) compared with those with low school engagement. Affective school engagement was found to be associated with resilience only among those who were bullied compared with their counterparts (p = 0.039).

Conclusions: This study found that affective school engagement predicts resilience in Australian Indigenous adolescents. Affective school engagement may also serve as a protective factor for adolescents who have been bullied, potentially mitigating some of the harmful mental health outcomes linked with bullying. These findings underscore the potential for programmes that may promote affective school engagement in future initiatives to improve education inequities that cause health disparities for Indigenous peoples.