What is so-called 'green' extractivism and where did it come from? The introduction to this Special Section examines the origins and implications of the concept, linking it to a long history of exploitation, dispossession and (neo)colonialism under the guise of green-washing notions such as 'sustainable development.' Conducting an in-depth literature review, we first revisit the concept of extractivism, exploring its origins, development and analytical purchase. We link extractivism to 'extra-action,' implying taking more than what is viable for ecosystems and argue for a supply-web oriented, rather than a point of extraction-focused understanding. Subsequently, we examine key theoretical frameworks in political ecology that paved the way to the study of 'green' extractivism, notably Ecological Distribution Conflicts (which we argue could better be labeled Ecological Destruction Conflicts) and green grabbing. Based on this, we discuss the core features of green extractivism, which are twofold: (1) the use of socioecological and climate crises to reinforce existing or generate new markets and profit-generation opportunities; and (2) the mobilization of claims of ecological sustainability and 'carbon neutrality' to legitimize and rationalize extraction. After outlining the Special Section contributions, we end by considering gaps in existing scholarship on green extractivism and suggest ways forward.
{"title":"The political ecologies of \"green\" extractivism(s): An introduction ","authors":"Alexander Dunlap, Judith Verweijen, Carlos Tornel","doi":"10.2458/jpe.6131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2458/jpe.6131","url":null,"abstract":"What is so-called 'green' extractivism and where did it come from? The introduction to this Special Section examines the origins and implications of the concept, linking it to a long history of exploitation, dispossession and (neo)colonialism under the guise of green-washing notions such as 'sustainable development.' Conducting an in-depth literature review, we first revisit the concept of extractivism, exploring its origins, development and analytical purchase. We link extractivism to 'extra-action,' implying taking more than what is viable for ecosystems and argue for a supply-web oriented, rather than a point of extraction-focused understanding. Subsequently, we examine key theoretical frameworks in political ecology that paved the way to the study of 'green' extractivism, notably Ecological Distribution Conflicts (which we argue could better be labeled Ecological Destruction Conflicts) and green grabbing. Based on this, we discuss the core features of green extractivism, which are twofold: (1) the use of socioecological and climate crises to reinforce existing or generate new markets and profit-generation opportunities; and (2) the mobilization of claims of ecological sustainability and 'carbon neutrality' to legitimize and rationalize extraction. After outlining the Special Section contributions, we end by considering gaps in existing scholarship on green extractivism and suggest ways forward.","PeriodicalId":46814,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141812445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Climate crises and other manifestations of environmental degradation are inextricably linked to the universalizing technoscientific paradigm underpinning capitalist industrialization and modernization. This study aimed to problematize the modern/colonial ontological dualism underpinning environmental crises and advocates the indigenous/Adivasi relational onto-epistemology. It offers a different reality that questions the virtues of science, capitalism, the colonial narrative, and its continuation in subjectivities and social relations with the modern state. Drawing from the new materialist insights of human and non-human imbrications and the framework of political ontology, this study further analyzed the Dongaria Kondh people's political success in defending their relational way of worlding against corporate-driven extractivism. The state perpetuates violence and takes development initiatives in this mineral-rich eastern Indian province. While other political movements have succumbed to combined corporate and state power, the Dongaria's political struggle continues in different forms. Finally, the article makes the point that knowledge and insights born out of political struggle against a particular ontology, masquerading as universal, press the need for engagement between different realities, knowledges, and recognition of a pluriverse, a world of multiple ways of worlding, where each ontological story exists not as superior or inferior, but as equal, with space for mutual engagement and dialogue.
{"title":"Indigenous onto-epistemology and the Niyamgiri Movement in India","authors":"Virendra Kumar","doi":"10.2458/jpe.5714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2458/jpe.5714","url":null,"abstract":"Climate crises and other manifestations of environmental degradation are inextricably linked to the universalizing technoscientific paradigm underpinning capitalist industrialization and modernization. This study aimed to problematize the modern/colonial ontological dualism underpinning environmental crises and advocates the indigenous/Adivasi relational onto-epistemology. It offers a different reality that questions the virtues of science, capitalism, the colonial narrative, and its continuation in subjectivities and social relations with the modern state. Drawing from the new materialist insights of human and non-human imbrications and the framework of political ontology, this study further analyzed the Dongaria Kondh people's political success in defending their relational way of worlding against corporate-driven extractivism. The state perpetuates violence and takes development initiatives in this mineral-rich eastern Indian province. While other political movements have succumbed to combined corporate and state power, the Dongaria's political struggle continues in different forms. Finally, the article makes the point that knowledge and insights born out of political struggle against a particular ontology, masquerading as universal, press the need for engagement between different realities, knowledges, and recognition of a pluriverse, a world of multiple ways of worlding, where each ontological story exists not as superior or inferior, but as equal, with space for mutual engagement and dialogue.","PeriodicalId":46814,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140733880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Isabela Figueroa, Lina M Saavedra-Díaz, Paula Satizábal, Gina Noriega-Narváez, Yulibeth Velásquez-Mendoza
Seas and inland waters have historically been spaces where social struggles have been overlooked and made invisible. This article offers an interdisciplinary analysis of the Colombian Constitutional Court decisions related to human rights violations in artisanal fishing territories. We used a human rights-based approach to study 79 Constitutional Injunctions (Acciones de Tutela) and built a digital database 'Justice in Fishing Territories' (Justicia en Territorios Pesqueros). We identify and discuss the most frequently claimed and protected rights. Most Court proceedings are centered on participatory processes, indicating that actors within the artisanal fisheries sector are excluded from the discussion and approval of development projects. We conclude that the Colombian State has historically privileged the interests of industrial economic sectors to the detriment of the ways of living, territories, and rights of artisanal fishing populations.
历史上，海洋和内陆水域一直是社会斗争被忽视和看不见的地方。本文对哥伦比亚宪法法院有关手工捕鱼区侵犯人权行为的判决进行了跨学科分析。我们采用基于人权的方法研究了 79 项宪法禁令（Acciones de Tutela），并建立了数字数据库 "渔业领地的正义"（Justicia en Territorios Pesqueros）。我们确定并讨论了最常主张和保护的权利。大多数法院诉讼都以参与性程序为中心，这表明个体渔业部门的参与者被排除在开发项目的讨论和审批之外。我们的结论是，哥伦比亚国家在历史上一直将工业经济部门的利益置于优先地位，损害了个体渔业人口的生活方式、领土和权利。
{"title":"Justice in fishing territories: Human rights violations in artisanal fisheries analyzed by the Colombian Constitutional Court","authors":"Isabela Figueroa, Lina M Saavedra-Díaz, Paula Satizábal, Gina Noriega-Narváez, Yulibeth Velásquez-Mendoza","doi":"10.2458/jpe.6026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2458/jpe.6026","url":null,"abstract":"Seas and inland waters have historically been spaces where social struggles have been overlooked and made invisible. This article offers an interdisciplinary analysis of the Colombian Constitutional Court decisions related to human rights violations in artisanal fishing territories. We used a human rights-based approach to study 79 Constitutional Injunctions (Acciones de Tutela) and built a digital database 'Justice in Fishing Territories' (Justicia en Territorios Pesqueros). We identify and discuss the most frequently claimed and protected rights. Most Court proceedings are centered on participatory processes, indicating that actors within the artisanal fisheries sector are excluded from the discussion and approval of development projects. We conclude that the Colombian State has historically privileged the interests of industrial economic sectors to the detriment of the ways of living, territories, and rights of artisanal fishing populations.","PeriodicalId":46814,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140078430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the context of the climate crisis, water as a natural resource is under threat globally, and the Global South is of critical interest for political ecological studies. This article argues that environmental crises such as the "Day Zero" drought in 2018 in Cape Town (South Africa) can create possibilities for reformulating the deeply unequal hydropolitics stemming from colonial and apartheid regimes. The drought has enabled the politicisation of underground water, examined through an ethnographic study of a small-scale farming organisation in the Philippi Horticultural Area (PHA) of Cape Town. While tracking ways to secure the protection of natural resources such as aquifers in urban areas, the article further considers how such forms of activism around underground water have sought to "make the invisible, visible," thereby developing more inclusive forms of sensemaking. By providing an analysis of activism taking place during and after a period of acute water scarcity, it contributes to scholarship on emergent political ecological mobilisation in the climate crisis in the Global South.
{"title":"Hydropolitical potentialities in a post-'Day Zero' Cape Town: \"Sensemaking\" and the Cape Flats Aquifer","authors":"M. Wingfield","doi":"10.2458/jpe.5816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2458/jpe.5816","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of the climate crisis, water as a natural resource is under threat globally, and the Global South is of critical interest for political ecological studies. This article argues that environmental crises such as the \"Day Zero\" drought in 2018 in Cape Town (South Africa) can create possibilities for reformulating the deeply unequal hydropolitics stemming from colonial and apartheid regimes. The drought has enabled the politicisation of underground water, examined through an ethnographic study of a small-scale farming organisation in the Philippi Horticultural Area (PHA) of Cape Town. While tracking ways to secure the protection of natural resources such as aquifers in urban areas, the article further considers how such forms of activism around underground water have sought to \"make the invisible, visible,\" thereby developing more inclusive forms of sensemaking. By providing an analysis of activism taking place during and after a period of acute water scarcity, it contributes to scholarship on emergent political ecological mobilisation in the climate crisis in the Global South.","PeriodicalId":46814,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140440569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Benally, Klee. 2023. No spiritual surrender: Indigenous anarchy in defense of the sacred","authors":"Alexander Dunlap","doi":"10.2458/jpe.6005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2458/jpe.6005","url":null,"abstract":" ","PeriodicalId":46814,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139836002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Benally, Klee. 2023. No spiritual surrender: Indigenous anarchy in defense of the sacred","authors":"Alexander Dunlap","doi":"10.2458/jpe.6005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2458/jpe.6005","url":null,"abstract":" ","PeriodicalId":46814,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139776231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) is well positioned to help advance the United States' clean energy transition through their management of energy projects. One obstacle to achieving the transition is meaningful consultation with Tribal Nations. Following decades of conflict between tribes and FERC regarding infrastructure development, the agency issued a "policy statement on consultation with Indian tribes" in 2003. The Policy acknowledges FERC's trust responsibility to tribes and seeks to work on a "government to government" basis with them, and recent amendments explicitly incorporate treaty rights into FERC's decision-making processes. Despite these interventions, tensions between FERC and tribes continue over the persistent lack of consultation and omission of government-to-government discussions regarding proposed hydropower. In this article, we question the application of FERC's decision-making powers as they intersect with tribal sovereignty via a discourse analysis of 'consultation.' The article applies an ethnographic perspective to explore the 'political' in political ecology and assess FERC's role in licensing the Big Canyon project, a proposed closed-looped pump hydropower project in Navajo Nation in Arizona. The project was proposed in 2020 without adequate consultation with the affected Diné peoples, illuminating significant gaps between FERC's stated policy on consultation and its operationalization. Compounding the situation further, the Big Canyon project would exacerbate human-water relationships by diminishing groundwaters in an area already facing aridification, thereby challenging the health of springs that feed the Little Colorado River, provide habitat for protected species, and are sacred to many Indigenous peoples. Studying the intersection of tribal rights and FERC presents a critical juncture for assessing the underlying power dynamics of decision-making processes regarding pumped storage hydropower in the United States, within the broad context of a clean energy transition.
{"title":"FERC, hydropower, and tribal rights: Confrontations at the Little Colorado River","authors":"E. Hite, Denielle M. Perry, Christian Fauser","doi":"10.2458/jpe.2930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2458/jpe.2930","url":null,"abstract":"The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) is well positioned to help advance the United States' clean energy transition through their management of energy projects. One obstacle to achieving the transition is meaningful consultation with Tribal Nations. Following decades of conflict between tribes and FERC regarding infrastructure development, the agency issued a \"policy statement on consultation with Indian tribes\" in 2003. The Policy acknowledges FERC's trust responsibility to tribes and seeks to work on a \"government to government\" basis with them, and recent amendments explicitly incorporate treaty rights into FERC's decision-making processes. Despite these interventions, tensions between FERC and tribes continue over the persistent lack of consultation and omission of government-to-government discussions regarding proposed hydropower. In this article, we question the application of FERC's decision-making powers as they intersect with tribal sovereignty via a discourse analysis of 'consultation.' The article applies an ethnographic perspective to explore the 'political' in political ecology and assess FERC's role in licensing the Big Canyon project, a proposed closed-looped pump hydropower project in Navajo Nation in Arizona. The project was proposed in 2020 without adequate consultation with the affected Diné peoples, illuminating significant gaps between FERC's stated policy on consultation and its operationalization. Compounding the situation further, the Big Canyon project would exacerbate human-water relationships by diminishing groundwaters in an area already facing aridification, thereby challenging the health of springs that feed the Little Colorado River, provide habitat for protected species, and are sacred to many Indigenous peoples. Studying the intersection of tribal rights and FERC presents a critical juncture for assessing the underlying power dynamics of decision-making processes regarding pumped storage hydropower in the United States, within the broad context of a clean energy transition. ","PeriodicalId":46814,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139805483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) is well positioned to help advance the United States' clean energy transition through their management of energy projects. One obstacle to achieving the transition is meaningful consultation with Tribal Nations. Following decades of conflict between tribes and FERC regarding infrastructure development, the agency issued a "policy statement on consultation with Indian tribes" in 2003. The Policy acknowledges FERC's trust responsibility to tribes and seeks to work on a "government to government" basis with them, and recent amendments explicitly incorporate treaty rights into FERC's decision-making processes. Despite these interventions, tensions between FERC and tribes continue over the persistent lack of consultation and omission of government-to-government discussions regarding proposed hydropower. In this article, we question the application of FERC's decision-making powers as they intersect with tribal sovereignty via a discourse analysis of 'consultation.' The article applies an ethnographic perspective to explore the 'political' in political ecology and assess FERC's role in licensing the Big Canyon project, a proposed closed-looped pump hydropower project in Navajo Nation in Arizona. The project was proposed in 2020 without adequate consultation with the affected Diné peoples, illuminating significant gaps between FERC's stated policy on consultation and its operationalization. Compounding the situation further, the Big Canyon project would exacerbate human-water relationships by diminishing groundwaters in an area already facing aridification, thereby challenging the health of springs that feed the Little Colorado River, provide habitat for protected species, and are sacred to many Indigenous peoples. Studying the intersection of tribal rights and FERC presents a critical juncture for assessing the underlying power dynamics of decision-making processes regarding pumped storage hydropower in the United States, within the broad context of a clean energy transition.
{"title":"FERC, hydropower, and tribal rights: Confrontations at the Little Colorado River","authors":"E. Hite, Denielle M. Perry, Christian Fauser","doi":"10.2458/jpe.2930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2458/jpe.2930","url":null,"abstract":"The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) is well positioned to help advance the United States' clean energy transition through their management of energy projects. One obstacle to achieving the transition is meaningful consultation with Tribal Nations. Following decades of conflict between tribes and FERC regarding infrastructure development, the agency issued a \"policy statement on consultation with Indian tribes\" in 2003. The Policy acknowledges FERC's trust responsibility to tribes and seeks to work on a \"government to government\" basis with them, and recent amendments explicitly incorporate treaty rights into FERC's decision-making processes. Despite these interventions, tensions between FERC and tribes continue over the persistent lack of consultation and omission of government-to-government discussions regarding proposed hydropower. In this article, we question the application of FERC's decision-making powers as they intersect with tribal sovereignty via a discourse analysis of 'consultation.' The article applies an ethnographic perspective to explore the 'political' in political ecology and assess FERC's role in licensing the Big Canyon project, a proposed closed-looped pump hydropower project in Navajo Nation in Arizona. The project was proposed in 2020 without adequate consultation with the affected Diné peoples, illuminating significant gaps between FERC's stated policy on consultation and its operationalization. Compounding the situation further, the Big Canyon project would exacerbate human-water relationships by diminishing groundwaters in an area already facing aridification, thereby challenging the health of springs that feed the Little Colorado River, provide habitat for protected species, and are sacred to many Indigenous peoples. Studying the intersection of tribal rights and FERC presents a critical juncture for assessing the underlying power dynamics of decision-making processes regarding pumped storage hydropower in the United States, within the broad context of a clean energy transition. ","PeriodicalId":46814,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139865176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Esteve Corbera, Sara Maestre-Andrés, Yolanda Ariadne Collins, Matthew Bukhi Mabele, Dan Brockington
Decolonizing biodiversity conservation science and practice involves a transition towards more locally rooted, plural, socially just, and convivial forms of conservation, moving away from mainstream conservation approaches, such as protected areas, sustainable resource management plans, or market-based instruments that are strongly rooted in Eurocentric ontologies and epistemologies. In this article, we introduce and review the contributions to the special issue "Decolonizing biodiversity conservation" and we identify six principles that can be thought of as starting points in efforts to decolonize conservation: recognition, reparation, epistemic disobedience, relationality, power subversion, and limits. We explain how these principles feature in the collection's contributions and how they can contribute to decolonizing conservation science, policy, and practice. We also acknowledge that there can be differences over meaning and emphasis regarding the principles among Indigenous and local peoples, scholars, and practitioners. Yet we think that their implementation can result in subtler and less universalizing conservation approaches.
{"title":"Decolonizing biodiversity conservation","authors":"Esteve Corbera, Sara Maestre-Andrés, Yolanda Ariadne Collins, Matthew Bukhi Mabele, Dan Brockington","doi":"10.2458/jpe.5969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2458/jpe.5969","url":null,"abstract":"Decolonizing biodiversity conservation science and practice involves a transition towards more locally rooted, plural, socially just, and convivial forms of conservation, moving away from mainstream conservation approaches, such as protected areas, sustainable resource management plans, or market-based instruments that are strongly rooted in Eurocentric ontologies and epistemologies. In this article, we introduce and review the contributions to the special issue \"Decolonizing biodiversity conservation\" and we identify six principles that can be thought of as starting points in efforts to decolonize conservation: recognition, reparation, epistemic disobedience, relationality, power subversion, and limits. We explain how these principles feature in the collection's contributions and how they can contribute to decolonizing conservation science, policy, and practice. We also acknowledge that there can be differences over meaning and emphasis regarding the principles among Indigenous and local peoples, scholars, and practitioners. Yet we think that their implementation can result in subtler and less universalizing conservation approaches.","PeriodicalId":46814,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139609997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In East Africa, environmental school clubs play an important role as an extension of conservation efforts, and have done so since the beginning of the post-colonial period. There is a lack of critical research on what students are taught at these clubs. Based on fieldwork at two clubs in northern Tanzania, this article reveals how students highlight narratives of poverty and low levels of education as the main reasons for environmental degradation. Drawing on political ecology and the emerging sub-field of the political ecology of education, I discuss what these narratives reveal about the environmental subjects formed through environmental school clubs. I examine the coloniality of these clubs, and I reveal how students learn to blame the 'poor' and 'uneducated' through the education system. It reproduces an apolitical development narrative that limits students' critical engagement with broader environmental issues.Education,conservation, development, political ecology of education, narratives,Tanzania, Africa
{"title":"Environmental School Clubs in Tanzania: Learning to blame the \"poor\" and \"uneducated\"","authors":"Maria Gamlem Njau","doi":"10.2458/jpe.5279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2458/jpe.5279","url":null,"abstract":"In East Africa, environmental school clubs play an important role as an extension of conservation efforts, and have done so since the beginning of the post-colonial period. There is a lack of critical research on what students are taught at these clubs. Based on fieldwork at two clubs in northern Tanzania, this article reveals how students highlight narratives of poverty and low levels of education as the main reasons for environmental degradation. Drawing on political ecology and the emerging sub-field of the political ecology of education, I discuss what these narratives reveal about the environmental subjects formed through environmental school clubs. I examine the coloniality of these clubs, and I reveal how students learn to blame the 'poor' and 'uneducated' through the education system. It reproduces an apolitical development narrative that limits students' critical engagement with broader environmental issues.Education,conservation, development, political ecology of education, narratives,Tanzania, Africa","PeriodicalId":46814,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Political Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139619136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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