Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632022v5271259
A. Lourenço, C. Santos, D. O. M. D. Silva
ABSTRACT One of the main problems faced by guava production is the decline caused by the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne enterolobii), which has a wide distribution in Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the productive and morphological compatibility and variability of guava accessions grafted on BRS Guaraçá, a rootstock with resistance to the root-knot nematode. The experiment was conducted with 83 accessions from the Psidium Germplasm Bank (Petrolina, Pernambuco State, Brazil). The evaluated traits were stem diameter, canopy diameter I and II, plant height, total number of fruits, total fruit weight, mean fruit weight, seed weight, pulp weight, fruit width and length. Except for the stem diameter ratio, all variables showed significant diferences (p < 0.05), indicating phenotypic variability. The evaluated accessions showed no incompatibility symptoms, e.g., cracks, exudations and diferences for stem diameter in the grafted area, indicating high compatibility. The accessions formed vigorous plants in the second harvest cycle, with mean canopy diameter of 2.3 m and mean plant height of 2.2 m, also indicating high compatibility. The accessions Gua64BA, Gua181ES, Gua06MA, Pedro Sato and Gua99AM showed the highest values for pulp and fruit weight (around 160 g), whereas Gua96AM, Gua70RO, Gua192ES, Gua01MA and Gua183ES showed the highest fruit production values (around 20 kg plant−1), being recommended for grafting in BRS Guaraçá or as potential parents for population development.
{"title":"Compatibility and phenotypic variability of guava accessions grafted on BRS Guaraçá rootstock: vegetative and fruit production traits1","authors":"A. Lourenço, C. Santos, D. O. M. D. Silva","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632022v5271259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632022v5271259","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT One of the main problems faced by guava production is the decline caused by the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne enterolobii), which has a wide distribution in Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the productive and morphological compatibility and variability of guava accessions grafted on BRS Guaraçá, a rootstock with resistance to the root-knot nematode. The experiment was conducted with 83 accessions from the Psidium Germplasm Bank (Petrolina, Pernambuco State, Brazil). The evaluated traits were stem diameter, canopy diameter I and II, plant height, total number of fruits, total fruit weight, mean fruit weight, seed weight, pulp weight, fruit width and length. Except for the stem diameter ratio, all variables showed significant diferences (p < 0.05), indicating phenotypic variability. The evaluated accessions showed no incompatibility symptoms, e.g., cracks, exudations and diferences for stem diameter in the grafted area, indicating high compatibility. The accessions formed vigorous plants in the second harvest cycle, with mean canopy diameter of 2.3 m and mean plant height of 2.2 m, also indicating high compatibility. The accessions Gua64BA, Gua181ES, Gua06MA, Pedro Sato and Gua99AM showed the highest values for pulp and fruit weight (around 160 g), whereas Gua96AM, Gua70RO, Gua192ES, Gua01MA and Gua183ES showed the highest fruit production values (around 20 kg plant−1), being recommended for grafting in BRS Guaraçá or as potential parents for population development.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67250567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632022v5272212
W. L. Simões, F. Angelotti, Miguel Julio Machado Guimarães, Jucicléia Soares da Silva, R. M. E. Silva, J. M. R. Barros
ABSTRACT Considering that changes in climatic parameters directly interfere in crop yields, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of changes in carbon dioxide concentrations, temperature and soil water availability on production, water-use efficiency and onion (Allium cepa L. cv. IPA 11) quality. Four levels of soil water availability (40, 60, 80 and 100 %) and two concentrations of atmospheric CO2 (770 and 390 ppm) were evaluated in three experiments with different temperature regimes (18-24-30, 22-28-34 and 26-32-38 ºC), in Phytotron growth chambers. The water-use efficiency, bulb diameter and weight, shoot dry weight, pulp frmness, soluble solids content, pH and titratable acidity were also evaluated. The increase in temperature reduces the production, and a higher soil water availability increases the production of IPA 11 onion bulbs. The temperature regime of 18-24-30 ºC and the water availability of 76.72 % provide the best water-use efficiency for the onion crop.
摘要考虑到气候参数的变化直接影响作物产量，本研究旨在评估二氧化碳浓度、温度和土壤水分有效性的变化对产量、水分利用效率和洋葱(Allium cepa L. cv.)产量的影响。国际音标品质。在不同温度(18-24-30℃、22-28-34℃和26-32-38℃)条件下，在Phytotron生长室内对4种土壤水分有效性水平(40、60、80和100%)和2种大气CO2浓度(770和390 ppm)进行了评估。并对水分利用效率、球茎直径和重量、茎干质量、果肉硬度、可溶性固形物含量、pH值和可滴定酸度进行了评价。温度的升高降低了产量，土壤水分的增加增加了IPA 11洋葱的产量。温度条件为18 ~ 24 ~ 30℃，水分利用率为76.72%时，洋葱作物水分利用效率最高。
{"title":"Water-use efficiency and onion quality in future climate scenarios","authors":"W. L. Simões, F. Angelotti, Miguel Julio Machado Guimarães, Jucicléia Soares da Silva, R. M. E. Silva, J. M. R. Barros","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632022v5272212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632022v5272212","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Considering that changes in climatic parameters directly interfere in crop yields, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of changes in carbon dioxide concentrations, temperature and soil water availability on production, water-use efficiency and onion (Allium cepa L. cv. IPA 11) quality. Four levels of soil water availability (40, 60, 80 and 100 %) and two concentrations of atmospheric CO2 (770 and 390 ppm) were evaluated in three experiments with different temperature regimes (18-24-30, 22-28-34 and 26-32-38 ºC), in Phytotron growth chambers. The water-use efficiency, bulb diameter and weight, shoot dry weight, pulp frmness, soluble solids content, pH and titratable acidity were also evaluated. The increase in temperature reduces the production, and a higher soil water availability increases the production of IPA 11 onion bulbs. The temperature regime of 18-24-30 ºC and the water availability of 76.72 % provide the best water-use efficiency for the onion crop.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632022v5271620
Mijbil Mohammad Al-Jumaily, H. Al-Hamandi, M. Al-Obaidi, Radhwan Rafid Al-Zidan
ABSTRACT In gypsiferous soils, potassium (K) undergoes leaching, precipitation and other reactions that reduce its availability. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical behavior of K in gypsiferous soils of the Salahaddin province (Iraq), in twelve locations chosen according to the variation in their soil physical and chemical properties. The K adsorption phenomenon was described by using thermodynamic parameters according to the quantity-intensity ratio (Q/I), with the following results: equilibrium activity ratio of 16 to 48 x 10−5 (mol L−1 )1/2, total labile K of 19 to 80 x 10−3 cmolc kg−1, potential buffering capacity of 22 to 42 cmolc kg−1 (mol L−1)−1/2, free energy of exchange of -1.237 to -1.086 kJ mol−1 and Gapon selectivity coefficient of 3.86 to 5.45 (L mol−1)1/2. All the investigated soils are characterized by good potassium reserves, but low in release.
{"title":"Quantity-intensity ratio of potassium in gypsiferous soils in Iraq","authors":"Mijbil Mohammad Al-Jumaily, H. Al-Hamandi, M. Al-Obaidi, Radhwan Rafid Al-Zidan","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632022v5271620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632022v5271620","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In gypsiferous soils, potassium (K) undergoes leaching, precipitation and other reactions that reduce its availability. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical behavior of K in gypsiferous soils of the Salahaddin province (Iraq), in twelve locations chosen according to the variation in their soil physical and chemical properties. The K adsorption phenomenon was described by using thermodynamic parameters according to the quantity-intensity ratio (Q/I), with the following results: equilibrium activity ratio of 16 to 48 x 10−5 (mol L−1 )1/2, total labile K of 19 to 80 x 10−3 cmolc kg−1, potential buffering capacity of 22 to 42 cmolc kg−1 (mol L−1)−1/2, free energy of exchange of -1.237 to -1.086 kJ mol−1 and Gapon selectivity coefficient of 3.86 to 5.45 (L mol−1)1/2. All the investigated soils are characterized by good potassium reserves, but low in release.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632022v5272428
M. Lima, H. Nunes, L. Sampaio, P. Souza, C. Fraisse
ABSTRACT Determining the optimal sowing window (OSW) based on climate variability associated with El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) can provide valuable information for agricultural planning in the tropics. This study aimed to calibrate, evaluate and apply the CROPGRO-Soybean model for determining the OSW across the ENSO phases for soybean-producing areas in the Pará State, northern Brazil. First, the model was calibrated and evaluated using experimental data collected in the field, between 2006 and 2009. In this process, the model estimates showed a good agreement with the observed data for soybean phenology, growth and yield, demonstrating potential to simulate the crop yield in this part of the Amazon. After calibration, the model was used in the seasonal mode to simulate 18 planting dates, over 39 years and in three locations. The simulated yields were divided into three ENSO phases. The set of sowing dates that showed a high frequency (> 80 %) of yields above 3,500 kg ha−1 integrated the OSW for each location and ENSO phases. The OSW duration differed between locations and ENSO phases, varying more during La Nina than El Nino events. However, regardless of the location or ENSO phase, late sowing was more suitable, because, besides favoring a greater frequency of good climate conditions for the development, growth and high yields, it also favors a lower risk of rainfall during the harvest period.
基于厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)相关的气候变率确定最佳播种窗(OSW)可以为热带地区的农业规划提供有价值的信息。本研究旨在校准、评估和应用CROPGRO-Soybean模型，以确定巴西北部par州大豆产区ENSO各阶段的OSW。首先，利用2006年至2009年间实地收集的实验数据对该模型进行了校准和评估。在此过程中，模型估算结果与大豆物候、生长和产量的观测数据吻合良好，显示了模拟该地区作物产量的潜力。校正后的模型在季节模式下模拟了18个种植日期、39年和3个地点。模拟产量分为三个ENSO阶段。高产率(约80%)高于3500 kg ha - 1的播种日期集综合了每个地点和ENSO阶段的OSW。OSW持续时间因地点和ENSO阶段而异，在拉尼娜期间比厄尔尼诺期间变化更大。然而，无论地理位置或ENSO阶段如何，晚播都更适合，因为晚播除了有利于更频繁地获得良好的气候条件以促进发育、生长和高产外，还有利于在收获期间降低降雨风险。
{"title":"Optimal soybean sowing window adjusted to climatic variability based on El Nino-Southern Oscillation using agrometeorological modeling","authors":"M. Lima, H. Nunes, L. Sampaio, P. Souza, C. Fraisse","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632022v5272428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632022v5272428","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Determining the optimal sowing window (OSW) based on climate variability associated with El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) can provide valuable information for agricultural planning in the tropics. This study aimed to calibrate, evaluate and apply the CROPGRO-Soybean model for determining the OSW across the ENSO phases for soybean-producing areas in the Pará State, northern Brazil. First, the model was calibrated and evaluated using experimental data collected in the field, between 2006 and 2009. In this process, the model estimates showed a good agreement with the observed data for soybean phenology, growth and yield, demonstrating potential to simulate the crop yield in this part of the Amazon. After calibration, the model was used in the seasonal mode to simulate 18 planting dates, over 39 years and in three locations. The simulated yields were divided into three ENSO phases. The set of sowing dates that showed a high frequency (> 80 %) of yields above 3,500 kg ha−1 integrated the OSW for each location and ENSO phases. The OSW duration differed between locations and ENSO phases, varying more during La Nina than El Nino events. However, regardless of the location or ENSO phase, late sowing was more suitable, because, besides favoring a greater frequency of good climate conditions for the development, growth and high yields, it also favors a lower risk of rainfall during the harvest period.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632022v5272559
Franquielle Ribeiro de Oliveira, K. S. Fonseca, A. M. D. R. F. Jardim, Jheizon Feitoza do Nascimento Souza, E. K. D. Viégas, Anderson Rodrigo da Silva, A. N. Simões
ABSTRACT Cactus is a highly resistant crop, and offers benefits in its mucilage for the industry due to its physicochemical properties. This study aimed to analyze the effect of irrigation managements, harvest time, cladode size and citric acid addition during the processing on the agro-industrial yield and physicochemical properties of mucilage extracted from cladodes of Nopalea cochenillifera Miúda clone cultivated under rainfied and irrigated conditions. The yield, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, pH, K+ and Na+ contents, and the electrical conductivity were measured in the mucilage. The management practices in the field resulted in changes in the studied phytochemicals. For the rainfied cultivation, the night harvest of the biggest cladodes increased the K+ and soluble solids contents. The addition of citric acid to the mucilage extraction resulted in higher amounts of soluble solids, titratable acidity and electrical conductivity and lower pH values. The highest water availability promoted higher mucilage yields.
{"title":"Influence of irrigation, cladode size, harvest time and addition of citric acid on the properties of cactus mucilage","authors":"Franquielle Ribeiro de Oliveira, K. S. Fonseca, A. M. D. R. F. Jardim, Jheizon Feitoza do Nascimento Souza, E. K. D. Viégas, Anderson Rodrigo da Silva, A. N. Simões","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632022v5272559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632022v5272559","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Cactus is a highly resistant crop, and offers benefits in its mucilage for the industry due to its physicochemical properties. This study aimed to analyze the effect of irrigation managements, harvest time, cladode size and citric acid addition during the processing on the agro-industrial yield and physicochemical properties of mucilage extracted from cladodes of Nopalea cochenillifera Miúda clone cultivated under rainfied and irrigated conditions. The yield, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, pH, K+ and Na+ contents, and the electrical conductivity were measured in the mucilage. The management practices in the field resulted in changes in the studied phytochemicals. For the rainfied cultivation, the night harvest of the biggest cladodes increased the K+ and soluble solids contents. The addition of citric acid to the mucilage extraction resulted in higher amounts of soluble solids, titratable acidity and electrical conductivity and lower pH values. The highest water availability promoted higher mucilage yields.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632022v5273070
Jônatas Barros dos Santos, A. Silva, P. Queiroz, B. Eckstein, R. Monnerat
ABSTRACT The Bacillus thuringiensis bacterium has demonstrated an effective potential in the control of several agricultural pests, among them nematodes. This study aimed to standardize and establish a methodology of bioassays of B. thuringiensis and Meloidogyne incognita with the use of resorcinol, select B. thuringiensis strains toxic to M. incognita in vitro and molecularly identify the presence of the cry6 gene in B. thuringiensis strains. Second-stage juveniles were subjected to resorcinol doses, verifying that the concentration of 0.2 % did not cause mortality and provided the Cry6A toxin ingestion. Thereafter, 16 B. thuringiensis strains were tested in the presence or absence of resorcinol, resulting in mortality rates of 4-36 %. Among the B. thuringiensis strains analyzed for the presence of the cry6 gene, only one was detected (S1617).
{"title":"Selection of Bacillus thuringiensis strains toxic to Meloidogyne incognita","authors":"Jônatas Barros dos Santos, A. Silva, P. Queiroz, B. Eckstein, R. Monnerat","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632022v5273070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632022v5273070","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Bacillus thuringiensis bacterium has demonstrated an effective potential in the control of several agricultural pests, among them nematodes. This study aimed to standardize and establish a methodology of bioassays of B. thuringiensis and Meloidogyne incognita with the use of resorcinol, select B. thuringiensis strains toxic to M. incognita in vitro and molecularly identify the presence of the cry6 gene in B. thuringiensis strains. Second-stage juveniles were subjected to resorcinol doses, verifying that the concentration of 0.2 % did not cause mortality and provided the Cry6A toxin ingestion. Thereafter, 16 B. thuringiensis strains were tested in the presence or absence of resorcinol, resulting in mortality rates of 4-36 %. Among the B. thuringiensis strains analyzed for the presence of the cry6 gene, only one was detected (S1617).","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632022v5273758
L. L. Dinardo-Miranda, Isabella Dinardo Miranda, Higor Domingos Silvério da Silva, J. Fracasso
ABSTRACT The management of nematode infested areas includes several measures, among which chemical nematicides are the most used. However, since their use is associated with environmental impacts, researches with biocontrol agents have acquired a greater importance. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of Bacillus subtilis + B. licheniformis, when applied to the planting furrow, on nematode control and its effects on sugarcane yield. Five experiments were carried out in infested areas, with four treatments: control - no nematicide; carbosulfan 700EC 4 L ha-1 - standard treatment; B. subtilis + B. licheniformis at 0.16 kg ha-1 and 0.20 kg ha-1. Carbosulfan was more efficient in controlling the nematodes, reducing the populations at least four months after planting. The treatments with B. subtilis + B. licheniformis were more effective in the control of Meloidogyne javanica, when compared to Pratylenchus. The plots treated with carbosulfan produced 11 % more than the control. There was no difference between the B. subtilis + B. licheniformis doses, in relation to yield. The plots treated with the biological product produced 5 % more than the control.
摘要线虫疫区的治理包括多种措施，其中化学杀线虫剂应用最多。然而，由于它们的使用与环境影响有关，因此对生物防治剂的研究变得更加重要。本研究旨在评价枯草芽孢杆菌+地衣芽孢杆菌在甘蔗种植沟内施用对线虫的防治效果及其对甘蔗产量的影响。在侵染地区进行了5次试验，采用4种处理方法:对照——不使用杀线虫剂;硫丹700EC 4 L ha-1 -标准处理;枯草芽孢杆菌+地衣芽孢杆菌分别为0.16 kg hm -1和0.20 kg hm -1。硫丹在控制线虫方面更有效，至少在种植后4个月减少了线虫的数量。枯草芽孢杆菌+地衣芽孢杆菌处理对爪哇细裂蝇的防治效果较好。用硫丹处理的地块产量比对照高出11%。枯草芽孢杆菌和地衣芽孢杆菌的剂量在产量方面没有差异。用生物制品处理的地块产量比对照高出5%。
{"title":"Biological control of phytoparasitic nematodes in sugarcane fields","authors":"L. L. Dinardo-Miranda, Isabella Dinardo Miranda, Higor Domingos Silvério da Silva, J. Fracasso","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632022v5273758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632022v5273758","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The management of nematode infested areas includes several measures, among which chemical nematicides are the most used. However, since their use is associated with environmental impacts, researches with biocontrol agents have acquired a greater importance. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of Bacillus subtilis + B. licheniformis, when applied to the planting furrow, on nematode control and its effects on sugarcane yield. Five experiments were carried out in infested areas, with four treatments: control - no nematicide; carbosulfan 700EC 4 L ha-1 - standard treatment; B. subtilis + B. licheniformis at 0.16 kg ha-1 and 0.20 kg ha-1. Carbosulfan was more efficient in controlling the nematodes, reducing the populations at least four months after planting. The treatments with B. subtilis + B. licheniformis were more effective in the control of Meloidogyne javanica, when compared to Pratylenchus. The plots treated with carbosulfan produced 11 % more than the control. There was no difference between the B. subtilis + B. licheniformis doses, in relation to yield. The plots treated with the biological product produced 5 % more than the control.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632022v5273044
Pedro Henrique Pedron Mattiuzzi, E. G. Vendruscolo, M. F. Santos
ABSTRACT Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is a phytohormone produced by many rhizobacterial species to mediate plant colonization while promoting plant growth. The colorimetric assay is widely used to analyze the bacterial IAA biosynthesis because it is a straightforward, cost-effective and fast technique. However, the characterization of parts or fractions of inoculant formulations is rarely performed. This study aimed to determine the fraction of the inoculant that is effective in promoting the plant growth, whether the bacteria or media growth can induce the phytohormones to expand the radicular zone of the plant, and whether the seed bacterization or foliar application can alter the plant growth. The inoculum samples (homemade and commercial) were obtained in a Luria-Bertani growth medium with and without tryptophan-L and the inoculants were divided into two fractions: pellet and supernatant. For the IAA quantification, the pellet fraction was subjected to physical (sonication) and chemical (lysozyme) treatments alone and combined. The IAA levels were evaluated using the colorimetric assay, and the effect on plant growth was determined by the inoculation of maize seedlings. The homemade and commercial formulations showed distinct patterns, in terms of IAA synthesis. The supernatant fraction provided higher amounts of IAA and was effective in improving the root area. Lysozyme was superior to sonication in mediating the release of IAA from bacterial cells. No significant differences were observed between seed or foliar inoculation.
{"title":"Characterization of indole-3-acetic acid content in inoculant fractions and its effect on plant growth","authors":"Pedro Henrique Pedron Mattiuzzi, E. G. Vendruscolo, M. F. Santos","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632022v5273044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632022v5273044","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is a phytohormone produced by many rhizobacterial species to mediate plant colonization while promoting plant growth. The colorimetric assay is widely used to analyze the bacterial IAA biosynthesis because it is a straightforward, cost-effective and fast technique. However, the characterization of parts or fractions of inoculant formulations is rarely performed. This study aimed to determine the fraction of the inoculant that is effective in promoting the plant growth, whether the bacteria or media growth can induce the phytohormones to expand the radicular zone of the plant, and whether the seed bacterization or foliar application can alter the plant growth. The inoculum samples (homemade and commercial) were obtained in a Luria-Bertani growth medium with and without tryptophan-L and the inoculants were divided into two fractions: pellet and supernatant. For the IAA quantification, the pellet fraction was subjected to physical (sonication) and chemical (lysozyme) treatments alone and combined. The IAA levels were evaluated using the colorimetric assay, and the effect on plant growth was determined by the inoculation of maize seedlings. The homemade and commercial formulations showed distinct patterns, in terms of IAA synthesis. The supernatant fraction provided higher amounts of IAA and was effective in improving the root area. Lysozyme was superior to sonication in mediating the release of IAA from bacterial cells. No significant differences were observed between seed or foliar inoculation.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632022v5270487
D. Agostinetto, C. Oliveira, A. Langaro, J. Silva, G. F. Barbieri
ABSTRACT The drought stress tolerance may differ among species and cultivars. The drought effect on plants depends on the impact on the plant’s physiological, biochemical and molecular processes, as well as on its ability to adapt under these conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological and biochemical responses, and determine the expression of the genes OsAPX2, OsHSP24.15, OsHSP71.10 and OsHSP85.88 under drought conditions in rice, weedy rice and barnyardgrass. A greenhouse experiment was performed in a complete randomized design, with four replications and two factors: water conditions (well-watered and water deficit) and plant species [rice (Oryza sativa cv. Puitá), weedy rice (Oryza spp.) and barnyardgrass (Echinochloa spp.)]. Under drought conditions, the rice and weedy rice plants showed more cellular damage than the barnyardgrass, and the three species showed a reduced photosynthetic rate. C3 plants (rice and weedy rice) increased the damage to lipids and proteins at 5 days of drought. However, for C4 plants (barnyardgrass), the drought conditions did not affect the biochemical parameters. The expression of the OsHSP85.88 gene increased in the three plants exposed to water deficit.
{"title":"Differences in biochemical, physiological and molecular response mechanisms of rice, weedy rice and barnyardgrass subjected to drought","authors":"D. Agostinetto, C. Oliveira, A. Langaro, J. Silva, G. F. Barbieri","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632022v5270487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632022v5270487","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The drought stress tolerance may differ among species and cultivars. The drought effect on plants depends on the impact on the plant’s physiological, biochemical and molecular processes, as well as on its ability to adapt under these conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological and biochemical responses, and determine the expression of the genes OsAPX2, OsHSP24.15, OsHSP71.10 and OsHSP85.88 under drought conditions in rice, weedy rice and barnyardgrass. A greenhouse experiment was performed in a complete randomized design, with four replications and two factors: water conditions (well-watered and water deficit) and plant species [rice (Oryza sativa cv. Puitá), weedy rice (Oryza spp.) and barnyardgrass (Echinochloa spp.)]. Under drought conditions, the rice and weedy rice plants showed more cellular damage than the barnyardgrass, and the three species showed a reduced photosynthetic rate. C3 plants (rice and weedy rice) increased the damage to lipids and proteins at 5 days of drought. However, for C4 plants (barnyardgrass), the drought conditions did not affect the biochemical parameters. The expression of the OsHSP85.88 gene increased in the three plants exposed to water deficit.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67250758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632022v5272422
Jennifer Souza Tomaz, Caroline de Souza Bezerra, A. Aguiar, Marcos Silveira Wrege, M. T. G. Lopes
ABSTRACT Stryphnodendron pulcherrimum is a species used medicinally among traditional Amazonian communities for its bactericidal activity and anti-inflammatory properties. Despite being adapted to rustic environments, there is no information regarding how climate change might affect the species occurrence. The present study aimed to evaluate the natural distribution of S. pulcherrimum in the current period and how its potential geographic distribution may be affected in response to future climate change scenarios in Brazilian phytogeographic domains. A total of 19 bioclimatic variables were used from the WorldClim database. Four algorithm models (Climate Space Model, Envelope Score, Niche Mosaic and Environmental Distance - present) and one software (Open Modeller - future) were used to verify the potential occurrence of S. pulcherrimum in five Brazilian domains (Amazon, Cerrado, Caatinga, Atlantic Forest and Pantanal) and three intervals (2009-2019 - present; 2020-2050 and 2051-2070 - future). There were losses of areas favorable to the occurrence of S. pulcherrimum in the Amazon, Cerrado and Pantanal, and global climate change may affect its natural distribution especially in the Atlantic Forest and Amazon. In the Amazon, the species may be totally extinct, in the worst scenario, by 2070.
{"title":"Prediction of the natural distribution, habitat and conservation of Stryphnodendron pulcherrimum (Willd.) Hochr. in response to global climate change","authors":"Jennifer Souza Tomaz, Caroline de Souza Bezerra, A. Aguiar, Marcos Silveira Wrege, M. T. G. Lopes","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632022v5272422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632022v5272422","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Stryphnodendron pulcherrimum is a species used medicinally among traditional Amazonian communities for its bactericidal activity and anti-inflammatory properties. Despite being adapted to rustic environments, there is no information regarding how climate change might affect the species occurrence. The present study aimed to evaluate the natural distribution of S. pulcherrimum in the current period and how its potential geographic distribution may be affected in response to future climate change scenarios in Brazilian phytogeographic domains. A total of 19 bioclimatic variables were used from the WorldClim database. Four algorithm models (Climate Space Model, Envelope Score, Niche Mosaic and Environmental Distance - present) and one software (Open Modeller - future) were used to verify the potential occurrence of S. pulcherrimum in five Brazilian domains (Amazon, Cerrado, Caatinga, Atlantic Forest and Pantanal) and three intervals (2009-2019 - present; 2020-2050 and 2051-2070 - future). There were losses of areas favorable to the occurrence of S. pulcherrimum in the Amazon, Cerrado and Pantanal, and global climate change may affect its natural distribution especially in the Atlantic Forest and Amazon. In the Amazon, the species may be totally extinct, in the worst scenario, by 2070.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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