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Learning the art of Scholarly Peer-Review: Insights from the Communication Discipline 学习同行评审的艺术:传播学科的启示
IF 2.4 3区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1177/1329878x241254568
T. Thomson, Lesley Irvine, Glen Thomas
Many scholars find the peer-review process to be a puzzling, non-transparent, and subjective exercise. Many emerging scholars also learn about the peer-review and publishing process through painful and time-consuming trial and error while still students or as early-career researchers rather than through formal training or guided supervision. Yet many pitfalls exist in this process for new and veteran scholars alike. With this study, grounded in the communication field, we aim to pull back the curtain on this opaque process and assist scholars in their publishing ambitions while also providing suggestions, primarily for journal editors and those who train future reviewers, about how the peer-review process can be improved for collective benefit. To do so, this grounded theory study reviews a year's worth of reviews from a communication journal to explore which issues reviewers identify within the submitted research, to explore how the reviewer feedback reveals their implicit understanding of their role in the peer-review process, and to identify how clear reviewers and editors are regarding which feedback is most important. Taken together, this allows for an understanding of how reviewers and editors engage in the social construction of research. The results inform the training of communication scholars, reviewers, and editors.
许多学者认为同行评审过程令人费解、不透明且主观臆断。许多新学者也是在学生时代或作为早期职业研究人员,而不是通过正规培训或指导,通过痛苦而耗时的反复试验来了解同行评审和出版流程的。然而,新老学者在这一过程中都存在许多误区。通过这项立足于传播领域的研究,我们旨在揭开这一不透明过程的神秘面纱,帮助学者们实现发表论文的抱负,同时也为期刊编辑和培训未来审稿人的人员提供建议,帮助他们了解如何改进同行评审过程以造福集体。为此,本基础理论研究回顾了某传播期刊一年来的审稿情况,以探讨审稿人在所提交的研究中发现了哪些问题,探讨审稿人的反馈如何揭示了他们对自己在同行评审过程中所扮演角色的隐性理解,并确定审稿人和编辑对哪些反馈是最重要的有多明确。综上所述,我们可以了解审稿人和编辑是如何参与研究的社会建构的。研究结果将为传播学者、审稿人和编辑的培训提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
A Sociotechnical Approach to Smartphone Research: Outline for a Holistic, Qualitative Mobile Method 智能手机研究的社会技术方法:整体定性移动方法大纲
IF 2.4 3区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1177/1329878x241253011
S. Hobbis, Geoffrey Hobbis
Smartphones have become crucial for understanding how digital technologies are adopted and adapted into people's lives, while also emerging as tools for studying social phenomena more broadly. Drawing on insights from our own longitudinal work in Solomon Islands, this article details a sociotechnical approach to smartphone research that combines both potentialities. It distinguishes itself from other smartphone-based methods by connecting media-centric perspectives with non-media-centric approaches through an additional focus on body techniques. The approach is centered on object-centric, semi-structured interviews embedded in longitudinal participant observation and theoretically informed by anthropologies of technologies. Emphasizing a holistic perspective and the diversity of human experiences, this approach allows for generating material evidence of contextually-embedded mediations of social relationships through the hardware and software of the phones themselves.
智能手机已成为了解数字技术如何被采用并融入人们生活的关键,同时也成为研究更广泛社会现象的工具。本文借鉴了我们在所罗门群岛开展的纵向研究的经验,详细介绍了一种结合这两种潜力的智能手机社会技术研究方法。它区别于其他基于智能手机的方法,通过对身体技术的额外关注,将以媒体为中心的视角与非以媒体为中心的方法联系起来。这种方法的核心是以对象为中心的半结构式访谈,其中包含纵向参与观察,并以技术人类学为理论依据。这种方法强调整体视角和人类经验的多样性,可以通过手机本身的硬件和软件,为社会关系的语境嵌入式中介提供物证。
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引用次数: 0
Amplifying victim–survivor voices: media power, collective action, and ultra-Orthodox Jewish identity in the Leifer case 放大受害者-幸存者的声音:莱弗案中的媒体力量、集体行动和极端东正教犹太身份认同
IF 2.4 3区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1177/1329878x241251497
Mona Chatskin
This article underscores the transformative impact of victim–survivor voices in reshaping public discourse on child sexual abuse (CSA). The research project took as the backbone for analysis the Malka Leifer case that spanned 15 years and is linked to the Australian Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse's report of Case Study 22, which examined responses in ultra-Orthodox Jewish schools to child sexual abuse. Adopting a mixed methods research approach, this study combines qualitative media analysis of 102 news articles and 8 in-depth focus groups to investigate the impact of media outlets in amplifying victim voice and influencing public discourse, and how this impacts the subjects of mediatised public crises. Drawing on the theorising of Couldry and Cottle, the article considers the capacity and limitations of survivor-advocates to leverage media power in the contemporary media system. By exploring the ‘Privileging Victim Voice’ frame, this paper sheds light on how victim–survivor advocates utilised mainstream, local religious, and social media to solidify their central place in the narrative and its reportage. The media analysis served as the foundation for a ‘peer conversation’ style of focus groups with Jewish community members to investigate local impacts of the case's media reportage. The focus group methodology sought to represent this diverse community as wholly as possible. Findings reveal the significant power of journalists’ framing and sourcing practices, and how Jewish institutional child sexual abuse is framed by media outlets within the Australian media landscape. Further, it showcases the broader implications of public inquiries, such as Australia's Royal Commission, in empowering victim–survivors and centreing their narratives in media reportage.
这篇文章强调了受害者-幸存者的声音在重塑关于儿童性虐待(CSA)的公共讨论方面所产生的变革性影响。该研究项目以马尔卡-莱弗(Malka Leifer)案件为分析主线,该案件长达 15 年之久,与澳大利亚皇家儿童性虐待机构应对委员会的第 22 号案例研究报告相关联,该报告审查了极端东正教犹太学校对儿童性虐待的应对措施。本研究采用混合研究方法,结合对 102 篇新闻报道的定性媒体分析和 8 个深度焦点小组,调查媒体在放大受害者声音和影响公共话语方面的影响,以及这如何影响媒体化公共危机的主体。文章借鉴了 Couldry 和 Cottle 的理论,探讨了幸存者代言人在当代媒体系统中利用媒体力量的能力和局限性。通过探讨 "优先考虑受害者的声音 "这一框架,本文揭示了受害者-幸存者代言人如何利用主流媒体、地方宗教媒体和社交媒体来巩固其在叙事和报道中的中心地位。媒体分析是与犹太社区成员开展 "同行对话 "式焦点小组的基础,目的是调查媒体报道对当地的影响。焦点小组的方法力求尽可能全面地代表这个多元化的社区。研究结果揭示了记者的报道框架和来源做法的巨大影响力,以及澳大利亚媒体是如何对犹太机构性侵犯儿童事件进行报道的。此外,它还展示了公共调查(如澳大利亚皇家委员会)在赋予受害者-幸存者权力以及在媒体报道中以他们的叙述为中心方面的广泛影响。
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引用次数: 0
‘We’re in this together’ – COVID-19 statements by Boris Johnson: A discourse analysis 我们同舟共济"--鲍里斯-约翰逊的 COVID-19 声明:话语分析
IF 2.4 3区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1177/1329878x241248264
M. Imran, Zehra Ahmed
This article presents a discursive analysis of crisis communication strategies employed by British Prime Minister Boris Johnson during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Utilising critical discourse analysis, the study examined official communications from March 2020 to January 2022. While Johnson's communication style encompassed empathy, assertiveness, and a focus on vaccination efforts, enhancing specificity, transparency, addressing potential inequalities, as well as prioritising community building, could have heightened the impact of his messages during the COVID-19 pandemic. By examining Boris Johnson's speeches as a case study, the research adds depth to the discourse on effective communication strategies employed by world leaders. The findings underscore the significance of clarity, adaptability, empathy, and reliance on scientific evidence in navigating the complexities of crisis communication.
本文对英国首相鲍里斯-约翰逊(Boris Johnson)在 COVID-19 大流行的前两年所采用的危机公关策略进行了话语分析。本研究采用批判性话语分析,考察了 2020 年 3 月至 2022 年 1 月期间的官方沟通。虽然约翰逊的沟通风格包含了同理心、自信和对疫苗接种工作的关注,但在 COVID-19 大流行期间,加强具体性、透明度、解决潜在的不平等问题以及将社区建设放在首位,都可以增强其信息的影响力。通过将鲍里斯-约翰逊的演讲作为一个案例进行研究,本研究为世界领导人所采用的有效沟通策略的讨论增添了深度。研究结果强调了清晰度、适应性、同理心以及对科学证据的依赖在驾驭复杂危机传播中的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
ERRATUM to “Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and nonbinary representation on Australian scripted television in the 2000s and 2010s” 对 "2000 和 2010 年代澳大利亚电视编剧中女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、变性人和非二元性的代表 "的评论
IF 2.4 3区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1177/1329878x241249812
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引用次数: 0
‘Oh my god this is happening’: how Our Flag Means Death staged an empathic mutiny against the labour of queer reading practices 哦,我的上帝,这正在发生":《我们的旗帜意味着死亡》如何对同性恋阅读实践的劳动进行了一次感同身受的叛变
IF 2.4 3区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.1177/1329878x241245785
Briony Luttrell, Hannah Joyce Banks
Our Flag Means Death ( OFMD) premiered to critical acclaim and unprecedented audience engagement. It can be argued that it is a romantic queer reading of historical facts. In this article, we reflect on the social function of storytelling and audience labour within the context of queer screen representations. We theorise queer reading as a practice of learning to recognise, identify and create patterns of semiotic resources. This practice is a reaction to a history of being erased or relegated to subtext. We argue queer reading is a particular form of audience labour, in that readers are asked to do extra work. This is especially important in cases where identities and communities are regularly symbolically annihilated. Season One of OFMD is a unique case study where we explore how the show achieves a low/easy labour environment for a vulnerable viewer and how this is an act of care and empathy.
我们的旗帜意味着死亡》(OFMD)首映后好评如潮,观众参与度空前高涨。可以说,它是对历史事实的一种浪漫的同性恋解读。在本文中,我们将在同性恋银幕表述的背景下反思讲故事和观众劳动的社会功能。我们将同性恋阅读理论化为一种学习识别、辨别和创造符号资源模式的实践。这种实践是对历史上被抹杀或沦为潜台词的一种反应。我们认为,同性恋阅读是一种特殊形式的受众劳动,因为读者需要做额外的工作。在身份和社群经常遭到象征性抹杀的情况下,这一点尤为重要。OFMD 第一季》是一个独特的案例研究,我们在此探讨该剧如何为弱势观众营造一种低度/轻松的劳动环境,以及这如何成为一种关怀和共鸣行为。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the role of political elites in post-truth communication on social media 探索政治精英在社交媒体后真相传播中的作用
IF 2.4 3区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1177/1329878x241244919
Timothy Graham, Katherine M. FitzGerald
This study investigates post-truth messaging and participatory disinformation on Twitter, focusing on the activities of Craig Kelly, a former Australian member of parliament and a key figure previously accused of spreading health misinformation in Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic. We draw on Harsin's conceptualisation of post truth communication to analyse 4317 tweets and 5.2 million interactions with Kelly's account and his network of followers over a six-month period. Our novel empirical approach, combining coordination network analysis with a forensic qualitative approach, explores the participatory nature of online interaction, where fringe actors mobilise around Kelly's tweets. The findings demonstrate how political figures have a privileged and outsized role in public discourse, undermining scientific institutions and promoting anti-deliberative politics. This research underscores the role of participatory disinformation in the post-truth era and suggests that regulators, governments, and social media platforms work collaboratively to develop a whole-of-society framework to tackle misinformation.
本研究调查了推特上的后真相信息传播和参与式虚假信息,重点关注克雷格-凯利(Craig Kelly)的活动,他是澳大利亚前国会议员,也是曾被指控在 COVID-19 大流行期间在澳大利亚传播健康虚假信息的关键人物。我们借鉴了哈辛(Harsin)的 "真相后传播 "概念,分析了凯利账户及其粉丝网络在六个月内发布的 4317 条推文和 520 万次互动。我们采用新颖的实证方法,将协调网络分析与法医定性方法相结合,探索了网络互动的参与性,即边缘行动者围绕凯利的推文进行动员。研究结果表明,政治人物如何在公共话语中享有特权并扮演越俎代庖的角色,从而破坏科学机构并推动反协商政治。这项研究强调了参与式虚假信息在后真相时代的作用,并建议监管机构、政府和社交媒体平台通力合作,制定一个全社会框架来应对虚假信息。
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引用次数: 0
The long now and liminality: Will we create communitas? A macro-social perspective of COVID-19 漫长的现在和临界状态:我们能创造共生吗?从宏观社会角度看 COVID-19
IF 2.4 3区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.1177/1329878x241243093
Jim Macnamara
The ways in which the COVID-19 pandemic has changed society are the source of widespread discussion. But references to a ‘new normal’ are mostly confined to hybrid working and a possible four-day working week. Should future-scoping remain so narrow, a major opportunity for fundamental rethinking will be lost. This commentary seeks to take up and expand the argument of a 2021 article on the effects of COVID-19 by exploring the wider social implications and the opportunity presented by this existential crisis. Specifically, this critical analysis explores whether COVID-19 and its impacts have created a moment of liminality – a time of “transition during which the normal limits to thought are relaxed, opening the way to novelty and imagination, construction, and destruction” potentially leading to what Victor Turner refers to as communitas in which we can rethink the issues of our time and in which new social structures and understandings can form.
COVID-19 大流行病如何改变了社会,这引起了广泛的讨论。但是,"新常态 "的提法大多局限于混合工作制和可能的每周四天工作制。如果对未来的展望仍然如此狭隘,就会失去进行根本性反思的重要机会。本评论试图通过探讨这一生存危机所带来的更广泛的社会影响和机遇,继承并扩展 2021 年一篇关于 COVID-19 影响的文章的论点。具体而言,这篇批判性分析探讨了 COVID-19 及其影响是否创造了一个边缘时刻--一个 "过渡时期,在此期间,思维的正常限制被放宽,为新颖性和想象力、建设和破坏开辟了道路",从而可能导致维克多-特纳(Victor Turner)所说的 "社群"(communitas),在这个社群中,我们可以重新思考我们这个时代的问题,并形成新的社会结构和理解。
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引用次数: 0
Spiritual opium and the spiritual opium war: a cultural history of arcade games and console games in 1990s China 精神鸦片与精神鸦片战争:20 世纪 90 年代中国街机游戏和游戏机文化史
IF 2.4 3区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1177/1329878x241239454
Nansong Zhou
In the 1990s, in China, arcade and console games were called “spiritual opium.” Why were video games labeled spiritual drugs, specifically opium, as opposed to other types of drugs? How did the mainstream media gradually depict video games as spiritual opium? The term “spiritual opium” carries profound historical and political connotations and is skillfully employed by media entities to disparage video games, fostering adverse perceptions among the populace. This scholarly inquiry delves into the cultural history of arcade and console games during this era. Historical and cultural methods were used to meticulously trace the genesis and evolution of the “spiritual opium” metaphor in the 1990s, scrutinizing the process through which video games were ensnared by this pejorative label. In addition, the paper also elucidates the “spiritual opium war,” a series of government-led campaigns against arcade and console games, including investigations, crackdowns on arcades, and reminiscent of Mao-era mobilizations. By doing so, this research fills a critical gap in the historiography of Chinese gaming, thereby enriching studies of the regional game industry and contributing to a broader understanding of the global gaming landscape. This article also shows how postsocialist states such as China navigate the challenges posed by the influx of video games and their perceived political threats and provides a nuanced understanding of state–media dynamics and cultural policy in postsocialist contexts.
20 世纪 90 年代,在中国,街机和游戏机被称为 "精神鸦片"。为什么电子游戏被称为精神毒品,特别是鸦片,而不是其他类型的毒品?主流媒体是如何逐渐将电子游戏描绘成精神鸦片的?精神鸦片 "一词蕴含着深刻的历史和政治内涵,被媒体巧妙地用来贬低电子游戏,在民众中造成不良印象。这项学术研究深入探讨了这一时期街机和游戏机的文化历史。本文运用历史和文化的方法,细致地追溯了 "精神鸦片 "这一隐喻在 20 世纪 90 年代的起源和演变,仔细研究了电子游戏被贴上这一贬义标签的过程。此外,本文还阐释了 "精神鸦片战争",即一系列由政府主导的针对街机和游戏机的运动,包括调查、打击街机厅,以及令人联想起毛泽东时代的动员。这项研究填补了中国游戏史学的一个重要空白,从而丰富了对该地区游戏产业的研究,并有助于更广泛地了解全球游戏产业的格局。本文还展示了像中国这样的后社会主义国家是如何应对电子游戏的涌入所带来的挑战及其可感知的政治威胁的,并对后社会主义背景下的国家-媒体动态和文化政策提供了细致入微的理解。
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引用次数: 0
Labelling, shadow bans and community resistance: did meta's strategy to suppress rather than remove COVID misinformation and conspiracy theory on Facebook slow the spread? 标签、影子禁令和社区抵制:Meta 在 Facebook 上压制而非删除 COVID 错误信息和阴谋论的策略是否减缓了传播速度?
IF 2.4 3区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.1177/1329878x241236984
Amelia Johns, Francesco Bailo, Emily Booth, Marian-Andrei Rizoiu
In this paper, we ask how effective Meta's content moderation strategy was on its flagship platform, Facebook, during the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyse the performance of 18 Australian right-wing/anti-vaccination pages, posts and commenting sections collected between January 2019 and July 2021, and use engagement metrics and time series analysis to analyse the data, mapping key policy announcements against page performance. We combine this with content analysis of comments parsed from two public pages that overperformed in the time period. The results show that Meta's content moderation systems were partially effective, with previously high-performing pages showing steady decline. Nonetheless, some pages not only slipped through the net but overperformed, proving this strategy to be piecemeal and inconsistent. The analysis identifies trends that content labelling and ‘shadow banning’ accounts was resisted by these communities, who employed tactics to stay engaged on Facebook, while migrating some conversations to less moderated platforms.
在本文中,我们将探讨在 COVID-19 大流行期间,Meta 的内容审核策略在其旗舰平台 Facebook 上的效果如何。我们分析了在 2019 年 1 月至 2021 年 7 月期间收集的 18 个澳大利亚右翼/反疫苗接种页面、帖子和评论区的表现,并使用参与度指标和时间序列分析来分析数据,将关键政策公告与页面表现进行映射。我们将这一分析与对两个公共页面的评论内容分析结合起来,这两个公共页面在这一时期的表现过于突出。结果表明,Meta 的内容审核系统发挥了部分作用,之前表现优异的网页表现出稳步下滑的趋势。然而,一些网页不仅漏网,而且表现优异,这证明这一策略是零碎的、不连贯的。分析发现,这些社区抵制内容标签化和 "影子封禁 "账户的趋势,他们采用了一些策略来保持在 Facebook 上的参与度,同时将一些对话转移到审核较少的平台上。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Media International Australia
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