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The relationship between alexithymia and counterproductive behaviors in the workplace 述情障碍与工作场所反生产行为之间的关系
IF 6.1 1区 心理学 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.17323/2312-5942-2023-13-2-37-52
D. Ucok
Purpose. The concept of alexithymia which is expressed as individuals having difficulty defining, regulating, and expressing their emotions, is believed to be on the rise in organizational life. It is argued that it is not possible for employees who have difficulty defining their emotions to build positive relationships in the workplace. Therefore, this study aims to investigate whether alexithymia has an impact on counterproductive work behaviors. Study design. Data were collected through the convenience sampling method from 334 employees working in public and private sector organizations in Turkey. The mean age of the participants is 34.1 years, the mean seniority in the profession is seven years, and the mean seniority in their organizations is three years. The data was collected through asurvey form. The Counterproductive Work Behaviors Scale (CWB) and Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) were used in the data collection tool. Findings. The study revealed that alexithymia has a significant contribution to counterproductive work behaviors. Moreover, it was found that alexithymia has a stronger contribution to organizational deviance (Cwb-O) than employee deviance (Cwb-P). As a result of the simple regression analysis carried out to determine to what extent the sub-dimension of alexithymia predicts counterproductive work behaviors in the workplace. “Having difficulty recognizingand verbalizing emotions” significantly predicted counterproductive work behaviors towards the organization (β = .65, t = 15.7, p = .00) and counterproductive work behaviors towards the employee (β = .42, t = 8.52, p = .00). Value of results. The findings of the study will provide a new perspective on counterproductive work behaviors in organizations and contribute to the industrial and organizational psychology literature as it is the first study in Turkey regarding the relationship between alexithymia and counterproductive work behaviors.
目的。述情障碍的概念被认为是难以定义、调节和表达自己情绪的个体,在组织生活中呈上升趋势。有人认为,难以定义自己情绪的员工不可能在工作场所建立积极的关系。因此,本研究旨在探讨述情障碍是否对反生产行为有影响。研究设计。通过方便抽样方法从土耳其公共和私营部门组织的334名雇员中收集数据。参与者的平均年龄为34.1岁,在行业中的平均年资为7年,在组织中的平均年资为3年。数据是通过调查表格收集的。采用反生产行为量表(CWB)和多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS-20)作为数据收集工具。发现。研究表明,述情障碍对适得其反的工作行为有重要影响。此外,述情障碍对组织偏差(Cwb-O)的贡献大于员工偏差(Cwb-P)。通过简单的回归分析,确定述情障碍子维度对工作场所反生产行为的预测程度。“情绪识别和言语表达困难”显著预测了员工对组织的反生产行为(β = 0.65, t = 15.7, p = .00)和对员工的反生产行为(β = 0.42, t = 8.52, p = .00)。结果的价值。该研究结果将为组织中反生产行为提供一个新的视角,并为工业和组织心理学文献做出贡献,因为它是土耳其第一个关于述情障碍与反生产行为之间关系的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Learning organizations and innovative work behaviors: A moderated mediation model from the perspective of social schema theory 学习型组织与创新工作行为:社会图式理论视角下的有调节中介模型
IF 6.1 1区 心理学 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.17323/2312-5942-2023-13-2-207-229
Muhammad Chughtai1, Yasra Khalid
Purpose. The present study aimed to examine the intervening impact of creative self-efficacy amid learning organizations — innovative work behaviors relationships. Also, this study investigates the moderating role of self-leadership amid learning organizations — innovative work behaviors and amid creative self-efficacy — innovative work behaviors relationships. Study design. Three hundred sixty-one employees and one hundred twenty-six immediate supervisors (officers) voluntarily participate in the data collection survey from the manufacturing sector (pharmaceutical and automobile). Using different statistical software (i.e., AMOS v.22, Smart-PLS v.3, SPSS v.25, and PROCESS-macro), the hypothesized relationships (i.e., direct, indirect, moderation, and moderated mediation) were tested. Findings. The present study’s findings reveal that creative self-efficacy partially mediates the learning organizations— innovative work behaviors relationships. Also, results indicate that self-leadership moderates the learning organizations — innovative work behaviors and creative self-efficacy — innovative work behaviors relationships. Implications for practice. The present study enlightens the importance of learning organizations for enhancing innovative work behaviors in the workforce. Rapid worldwide unprecedented changes increase the competition level and require a change in the working structure. Creative self-efficacy of the employees helps the management overcome this uncertain situation through innovative behaviors. Additionally, self-leadership plays a vital role with the support of learning organizational culture and creative self-efficacy for enhancing innovative work behaviors. Value of theresults. The present study will be helpful for management by explaining how to overcome the situation of uncertain change in the business world; also, this study responds to the unanswered questions which occur in the current era, such as how organizations increase the innovative behaviors of their workforce for survival and competitive advantage. Moreover, this study adds knowledge to work psychology and organizational behavior by explaining the intervening role of creative self-efficacy and moderating role of self-leadership.
目的。本研究旨在探讨创新自我效能感在学习型组织-创新工作行为关系中的中介作用。此外,本研究还探讨了自我领导在学习型组织-创新工作行为和创造性自我效能感-创新工作行为关系中的调节作用。研究设计。来自制造部门(制药和汽车)的361名员工和126名直接主管(官员)自愿参与了数据收集调查。使用不同的统计软件(即AMOS v.22, Smart-PLS v.3, SPSS v.25和PROCESS-macro),对假设的关系(即直接,间接,调节和调节的中介)进行了测试。发现。本研究发现,创新自我效能感在学习型组织与创新工作行为的关系中起部分中介作用。自我领导对学习型组织-创新工作行为和创造性自我效能感-创新工作行为的关系具有调节作用。对实践的启示。本研究揭示了学习型组织对于提高员工创新工作行为的重要性。世界范围内前所未有的快速变化提高了竞争水平,要求改变工作结构。员工的创造性自我效能感有助于管理层通过创新行为来克服这种不确定性。此外,自我领导在学习组织文化和创造性自我效能的支持下对创新工作行为的增强起着至关重要的作用。结果的值。本文的研究解释了如何克服商业世界中不确定变化的情况,对管理有帮助;此外,本研究还回应了当前时代出现的未解决的问题,例如组织如何增加其员工的创新行为以获得生存和竞争优势。此外,本研究通过解释创造性自我效能感的干预作用和自我领导的调节作用,在工作心理学和组织行为学方面增加了知识。
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引用次数: 1
Organizational citizenship behavior: A step towards effective employee engagement in the banking sector 组织公民行为:银行部门迈向有效员工参与的一步
IF 6.1 1区 心理学 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.17323/2312-5942-2023-13-2-53-63
Mandira Dеу
urpose. Organizational citizenship behaviour is a concept used to describe all the productive and constructive acts and attitudes of workers that are not part of the definition of their formal work. Employees do something out of their own free will that respects their friends, which helps the companyas a whole. This paper states that how effectively monitoring the various dimensions of organizational citizenship behaviour can inculcate an effective employee engagement in the organization. Study design. Exploratory research has been conducted comprising of 84 respondents from public and private sector banks in Kolkata. Findings. The findings revealed that organizational citizenship behaviour is having a significant relationship with employee engagement. The dimension conscientiousness which has more influence on employee engagement and courtesy has least influence on employee engagement.There exists no significant difference of organizational citizenship behaviour among the employees with respect to ownership of the bank, gender of employees, experience and with respect to various dimensions of organizational citizenship behaviour. Implications for practice. This study focusses thatif the organization follow a proactive strategy for inculcating organizational citizenship behaviour i.e. stimulus-organism-response behaviour model which in turn will enhance employee engagement in the organization. Originality. The literature review reveals that no study has been conducted based on this area in banking sector in India.
urpose。组织公民行为是一个概念,用来描述工人的所有生产性和建设性的行为和态度,这些行为和态度不是他们正式工作定义的一部分。员工出于自己的自由意志做一些尊重朋友的事情,这对整个公司都有帮助。本文阐述了如何有效地监控组织公民行为的各个维度可以在组织中灌输有效的员工敬业度。研究设计。探索性研究由来自加尔各答公共和私营部门银行的84名受访者组成。发现。研究发现,组织公民行为与员工敬业度之间存在显著的关系。责任心维度对员工敬业度的影响较大,礼貌维度对员工敬业度的影响最小。员工的组织公民行为在银行所有权、员工性别、工作经验以及组织公民行为的各个维度上均无显著差异。对实践的启示。本研究的重点是,如果组织遵循积极主动的策略来灌输组织公民行为,即刺激-有机体-反应行为模型,这反过来又会提高员工在组织中的敬业度。创意。文献综述表明,在印度银行业,没有基于这一领域的研究。
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引用次数: 0
A qualitative investigation of the occupational stress in the hospitality and tourism industry in Bahrain during COVID-19 COVID-19期间巴林酒店和旅游业职业压力的定性调查
IF 6.1 1区 心理学 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.17323/2312-5942-2023-13-2-64-77
Asma Ayari
Purpose. Workplace stress is a big challenge for employees and organizations. This research explores employees’ stressors working in Bahrain’s hospitality and tourism industry during the COVID-19 pandemic. Study design. First, a questionnaire was distributed to 172 employees, which helped to assess employees’ stress levels. Then 18 semi-directive interviews were conducted, and the data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Following the usual content analysis method, an analysis grid was made by switching back and forth between the corpus and the definition of categories. Findings. The study’s results highlighted new occupational stressors: “the pandemic stressors” and their effects on Bahraini tourism and hospitality professionals. The COVID-19 pandemic stressors are more specific to the context of the health crisis, such as the intolerance of uncertainty, isolation and social distancing, the risk of contamination, and job security. Value of the results. The results of this paper revealed different stressors related to the job and stressors specific to the pandemic. The findings will help managers implement preventive measures to reduce the spread of infection, protect workers, and improve employees’ well-being in the context of the pandemic. The results can also help set up procedures to manage crises in the future.
目的。工作压力对员工和组织来说都是一个巨大的挑战。本研究探讨了在COVID-19大流行期间在巴林酒店和旅游业工作的员工的压力源。研究设计。首先,向172名员工发放了一份调查问卷,以评估员工的压力水平。然后进行了18次半指导性访谈,采用定性内容分析法对数据进行分析。按照通常的内容分析方法,在语料库和类别定义之间来回切换,形成分析网格。发现。研究结果强调了新的职业压力源:“流行病压力源”及其对巴林旅游和酒店专业人员的影响。COVID-19大流行的压力源更具体地针对卫生危机的背景,例如不能容忍不确定性、隔离和社交距离、污染风险以及工作保障。结果的值。本文的结果揭示了与工作相关的不同压力源和大流行特有的压力源。研究结果将有助于管理人员实施预防措施,以减少感染的传播,保护工人,并在大流行的背景下改善员工的福祉。研究结果还可以帮助建立管理未来危机的程序。
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引用次数: 0
A meta-analysis of polychronicity: Applying modern perspectives of multitasking and person-environment fit 多重时间性的元分析:多任务处理与人-环境契合的现代视角
IF 6.1 1区 心理学 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-12-14 DOI: 10.1177/20413866221143370
Matt C. Howard, Joshua E. Cogswell
We apply modern theory on multitasking and person-environment fit to holistically explain the relations of polychronicity as well as provide justifications for disparate results found in prior studies, such as undetected differences regarding task-switching and dual-tasking. We then conduct a meta-analysis of polychronicity's relations. We show that the nomological net surrounding polychronicity matches our proposed fit perspective. We likewise demonstrate that differences in task-switching and dual-tasking indeed influence the observed results of polychronicity, and the growing complexity of businesses may have caused the association of polychronicity and job performance to strengthen over time. Our discussion highlights that polychronicity plays an important role in personal well-being and employee performance, which can be understood by our person-environment fit perspective. Plain Language Summary We apply modern theory on multitasking and person-environment fit to holistically explain the relations of polychronicity as well as provide justifications for disparate results found in prior studies, such as undetected differences regarding task-switching and dual-tasking. We then conduct a meta-analysis of polychronicity's relations. We show that the nomological net surrounding polychronicity matches our proposed fit perspective. We likewise demonstrate that differences in task-switching and dual-tasking indeed influence the observed results of polychronicity, and the growing complexity of businesses may have caused the association of polychronicity and job performance to strengthen over time. Our discussion highlights that polychronicity plays an important role in personal well-being and employee performance, which can be understood by our person-environment fit perspective.
本研究运用现代多任务理论和人-环境契合理论,从整体上解释了多时性的关系,并为先前研究中发现的不同结果(如任务转换和双重任务方面未被发现的差异)提供了理由。然后,我们对多重性的关系进行了荟萃分析。我们表明,围绕多时性的法则网与我们提出的拟合观点相匹配。我们同样证明了任务切换和双重任务的差异确实影响了多时性的观察结果,并且随着时间的推移,业务的日益复杂可能导致多时性和工作绩效的关联得到加强。我们的讨论强调了多重性在个人幸福感和员工绩效中起着重要作用,这可以通过我们的人-环境契合视角来理解。本研究运用现代多任务理论和人-环境契合理论,从整体上解释了多时性的关系,并为先前研究中发现的不同结果提供了理由,例如任务转换和双重任务方面的未被发现的差异。然后,我们对多重性的关系进行了荟萃分析。我们表明,围绕多时性的法则网与我们提出的拟合观点相匹配。我们同样证明了任务切换和双重任务的差异确实影响了多时性的观察结果,并且随着时间的推移,业务的日益复杂可能导致多时性和工作绩效的关联得到加强。我们的讨论强调了多重性在个人幸福感和员工绩效中起着重要作用,这可以通过我们的人-环境契合视角来理解。
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引用次数: 3
Job demands-resources theory in times of crises: New propositions 危机时期的工作需求资源理论:新命题
IF 6.1 1区 心理学 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.1177/20413866221135022
E. Demerouti, A. Bakker
This theoretical paper presents an extended Job Demands–Resources (JD–R) theory aimed at understanding how organizations and their employees can best deal with COVID-19 and other crises in the workplace. The crisis showed that job characteristics alone are insufficient to explain employee health and motivation, i.e., the two focal outcomes of the JD-R theory. Rather, demands and resources of the individual, the family, the job and the organization interact with each other to predict outcomes. Moreover, next to individual regulatory strategies also the regulatory strategies of the family, the leader and organization/team are suggested to modify the impact of demands and resources on outcomes. This was possible by integrating the crisis management literature in JD-R theory. Viewing the crisis from a job design perspective helped us to introduce several new and testable propositions that specify how employee well-being and functioning are impacted by crises and turbulent times. Plain Language Summary Organizations have been struggling to find out how their employees are affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and what they can do to support their well-being and improve their functioning during the pandemic and beyond. The well-being and job performance of individual employees are difficult to predict which becomes even more complicated during times of crisis. The Job Demands–Resources theory is a helpful means because it suggests that employee health and motivation are outcomes of two different processes, i.e., the health impairment process and the motivational process. Job demands, such as work pressure and demanding customers, exhaust the energy of employees and consequently diminish their health, whereas job resources, such as autonomy and social support, help employees to deal with the demands and to develop themselves. The pandemic showed that the interplay between demands and resources of the individual, the job, the family and the organization predict outcomes. Moreover, next to individual regulatory strategies also the regulatory strategies of the family, the leader and organization/team are suggested to modify the impact of demands and resources on outcomes. Viewing the crisis from a job design perspective helped us to introduce in the Job Demands–Resources theory several testable propositions that specify how employee well-being and functioning are impacted by crises and turbulent times.
这篇理论论文提出了一个扩展的工作需求-资源(JD–R)理论,旨在了解组织及其员工如何最好地应对工作场所的新冠肺炎和其他危机。这场危机表明,仅凭工作特征不足以解释员工的健康和动机,即JD-R理论的两个焦点结果。相反,个人、家庭、工作和组织的需求和资源相互作用,以预测结果。此外,除了个人监管策略之外,还建议家庭、领导者和组织/团队的监管策略来改变需求和资源对结果的影响。这可以通过将危机管理文献纳入JD-R理论来实现。从工作设计的角度来看这场危机,有助于我们引入几个新的、可测试的命题,具体说明员工的福祉和职能如何受到危机和动荡时期的影响。简明语言摘要组织一直在努力了解其员工如何受到新冠肺炎大流行的影响,以及他们在大流行期间和之后可以做些什么来支持他们的福祉和改善他们的功能。员工个人的幸福感和工作表现很难预测,这在危机时期变得更加复杂。工作需求-资源理论是一种有用的方法,因为它表明员工的健康和动机是两个不同过程的结果,即健康损害过程和动机过程。工作需求,如工作压力和苛刻的客户,耗尽了员工的精力,从而降低了他们的健康,而工作资源,如自主性和社会支持,帮助员工处理需求并发展自己。疫情表明,个人、工作、家庭和组织的需求和资源之间的相互作用可以预测结果。此外,除了个人监管策略之外,还建议家庭、领导者和组织/团队的监管策略来改变需求和资源对结果的影响。从工作设计的角度看待危机有助于我们在工作需求-资源理论中引入几个可测试的命题,这些命题规定了员工的福祉和职能如何受到危机和动荡时期的影响。
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引用次数: 36
Pursuing multiple goals during the commute: A dynamic self-regulatory perspective 通勤中追求多重目标:动态自律视角
IF 6.1 1区 心理学 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-11-03 DOI: 10.1177/20413866221133745
Megan T. Nolan, J. Diefendorff, Meghan A. Thornton-Lugo, D. Hynes, Margaret Prezuhy, Jenna Schreiber
The current review theorizes that self-regulatory principles can be applied to the commute experience to better understand how spatial navigation and role transition processes interface with each other. Using a multiple goal framework, spatial navigation and role transitions are conceptualized as simultaneous goals, each with their own set of effort allocation processes. Furthermore, the review describes how dynamic and stable features of the commute and of the different roles individuals enact come together to impact spatial navigation and role transition effectiveness, along with well-being and effectiveness in individuals’ “home” and “workplace” roles. The proposed framework offers novel predictions about how and why these two activities impact each other in different ways, providing testable propositions that will help researchers begin to better understand the commute as a time for multiple goal regulation. The review concludes with suggestions for future research aimed at investigating these processes. Plain Language Summary The commute represents a time when individuals are focused on physically moving from one location to another to meet the goal of arriving at one's destination in a safe and timely manner (Calderwood & Mitropoulos, 2020). At the same time, individuals may also have the goal of transitioning between roles, which involves mentally detaching from one role (e.g., deactivating goals involved with being a spouse) and reattaching to a second role (e.g., activating goals relevant to being an employee). As such, the current review views the commute as a time and place in which individuals may be striving for multiple goals that involve shifting attention and energetic resources between goals (Louro et al., 2007). The review uses a multiple goal framework (e.g., Louro et al., 2007) to explain how dynamic and stable features of the commute and of individuals’ roles come together to influence commute and role transition effectiveness and work and home outcomes. Further, the review concludes with suggestions for future research aimed at investigating these dynamic processes.
目前的研究认为,自我调节原则可以应用于通勤体验,以更好地理解空间导航和角色转换过程是如何相互作用的。使用多目标框架,空间导航和角色转换被概念化为同时的目标,每个目标都有自己的一套努力分配过程。此外,本文还描述了通勤的动态和稳定特征以及个体扮演的不同角色如何共同影响空间导航和角色转换有效性,以及个体在“家庭”和“工作场所”角色中的幸福感和有效性。提出的框架提供了关于这两种活动如何以及为什么以不同方式相互影响的新颖预测,提供了可测试的命题,将帮助研究人员开始更好地理解通勤作为多目标调节的时间。本文最后提出了对未来研究这些过程的建议。通勤代表了个人专注于从一个地方到另一个地方的身体移动,以实现安全和及时到达目的地的目标的时间(Calderwood & Mitropoulos, 2020)。与此同时,个体也可能有角色转换的目标,这涉及到精神上脱离一个角色(例如,与成为配偶有关的目标失效),并重新连接到第二个角色(例如,激活与成为一名员工有关的目标)。因此,目前的研究将通勤视为一个时间和地点,在这个时间和地点,个人可能会努力实现多个目标,包括在目标之间转移注意力和精力资源(Louro et al., 2007)。该综述使用了一个多目标框架(例如,Louro等人,2007)来解释通勤和个人角色的动态和稳定特征如何共同影响通勤和角色转换有效性以及工作和家庭结果。此外,本文还对未来研究这些动态过程提出了建议。
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引用次数: 1
Fly-in-fly-out work: A review of the impact of an extreme form of work-related travel on mental health 飞入飞出工作:一种极端形式的工作旅行对心理健康影响的综述
IF 6.1 1区 心理学 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-11-03 DOI: 10.1177/20413866221134938
L. Fruhen, J. Gilbert, Sharon K. Parker
Large distances between work and home require many workers to stay away from home for work over extended periods. An extreme case of such work is fly-in-fly-out (FIFO) work. FIFO work requires workers to stay, over a fixed number of days or weeks, in remote employer-arranged accommodation. Given the disruptive nature of this work arrangement, it is important to develop an understanding of its implications for worker mental health. Based on a systematic review, we identify mostly negative mental health implications of FIFO work and propose an integrative model that brings together FIFO work's key features: the simultaneous fracturing and blending of personal and work lives. The model can guide future research. For example, we suggest that researchers investigate how FIFO workers and other work-related travelers experience fracturing and blending, and how they manage the frequent fluctuation between these two extremes. Plain language summary Fly-in-fly-out work represents a specific and extreme case of work-related travel in which workers are housed by employers and have fixed schedules that prescribe blocks of time at work followed by blocks of time at home, alongside other rules. This paper provides an overview of the literature regarding the mental health implications of FIFO work. Moreover, an integrative model of FIFO work is proposed that brings together its key defining attributes: the simultaneous fracturing and blending of personal and work lives, which FIFO workers, and by extension other work-related travellers, experience. The model identifies the key attributes of this type of work arrangement that shape fracturing namely the commute (i.e., duration, mode, distance) and rosters (i.e., length and ratio of time on and off) and blending experiences, namely accommodation (i.e., type and quality), extent to which autonomy is limited (i.e., via choice in food, activities, scheduling) and social isolation. While developed for an extreme, highly standardized, and specific case of work-related travel, the model may also be useful in research focused on work related travel more broadly,
工作和家庭之间的距离太远,要求许多工人长时间不在家工作。这种工作的一个极端情况是先进先出(FIFO)工作。先进先出工作要求工人在雇主安排的远程住宿中停留固定天数或周数。鉴于这种工作安排的破坏性,了解其对员工心理健康的影响很重要。在系统回顾的基础上,我们确定了先进先出工作对心理健康的主要负面影响,并提出了一个综合模型,将先进先出的工作的关键特征结合在一起:个人生活和工作生活的同时断裂和融合。该模型可以指导未来的研究。例如,我们建议研究人员调查先进先出的员工和其他与工作相关的旅行者如何经历分裂和混合,以及他们如何管理这两个极端之间的频繁波动。简明的语言总结飞入飞出工作代表了一种与工作相关的旅行的特殊和极端情况,在这种旅行中,工人由雇主安置,并有固定的时间表,规定工作时间段,然后在家时间段,以及其他规则。本文概述了FIFO工作对心理健康影响的文献。此外,还提出了一个先进先出工作的综合模型,该模型将其关键的定义属性结合在一起:先进先出工人以及其他与工作相关的旅行者所经历的个人生活和工作生活的同时断裂和融合。该模型确定了这种类型的工作安排的关键属性,即通勤(即持续时间、模式、距离)和名册(即上下班时间的长度和比例),以及混合体验,即住宿(即类型和质量)、自主性有限的程度(即通过食物、活动、日程安排的选择)和社会孤立。虽然该模型是为极端、高度标准化和特定的与工作相关的旅行而开发的,但在更广泛地关注与工作相关旅行的研究中也可能有用,
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引用次数: 4
Spilling tea at the water cooler: A meta-analysis of the literature on workplace gossip 在饮水机旁洒茶:职场八卦文献的荟萃分析
IF 6.1 1区 心理学 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/20413866221112383
Amy Wax, Wiston A. Rodriguez, R. Asencio
This paper presents a meta-analysis on workplace gossip as a predictor of individual, relational, and organizational outcomes. Our systematic review yielded 52 independent studies (n = 14,143). Results suggested that negative workplace gossip has a more deleterious association with workplace outcomes than positive gossip. Furthermore, findings indicated that negative gossip has a disproportionately negative association with attitudinal/affective outcomes and coworker relationships for targets of gossip. Unexpectedly, results also suggested that senders and recipients of negative gossip may also experience highly deleterious outcomes; in fact, the relations between negative gossip and well-being, engagement/performance, supervisor relationships, and organizational outcomes were more negative for gossip participants than targets, although the direction of causality for these relations has yet to be conclusively determined. Overall, our results suggest that organizations and managers should take seriously the threat of negative gossip to the health of the organization at large, while simultaneously leveraging the potential benefits of positive gossip. Plain Language Summary This paper presents a meta-analysis on the topic of workplace gossip as a predictor of work-relevant outcomes. Results—which were based on 52 independent studies that, in total, employed 14,143 independent research participants—suggested that negative workplace gossip has a worse impact on individual, relational, and organizational outcomes than positive gossip does. Furthermore, our findings indicated that targets of negative gossip experience the worst outcomes in terms of attitudes/affect and coworker relationships, when compared with the outcomes of individuals who exchanged the gossip. Unexpectedly, patterns of results also suggested that individuals who exchange negative gossip at work may also experience highly deleterious outcomes, although the direction of causality for these relations has yet to be conclusively determined. Overall, our results suggest that organizations and managers should take seriously the threat of negative gossip to the health of the organization at large, and may also be able to leverage the potentially beneficial effects of positive gossip. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of our results.
本文对职场八卦作为个人、关系和组织结果的预测因子进行了荟萃分析。我们的系统综述纳入了52项独立研究(n = 14,143)。研究结果表明,消极的职场八卦比积极的职场八卦对工作结果的影响更大。此外,研究结果表明,负面八卦与八卦对象的态度/情感结果和同事关系呈不成比例的负相关。出乎意料的是,研究结果还表明,负面八卦的发送者和接收者也可能经历高度有害的结果;事实上,负面八卦与幸福感、敬业度/绩效、主管关系和组织结果之间的关系对八卦参与者来说比目标更负向,尽管这些关系的因果关系方向尚未最终确定。总的来说,我们的研究结果表明,组织和管理者应该认真对待负面八卦对整个组织健康的威胁,同时利用积极八卦的潜在好处。这篇论文提出了一项关于职场八卦作为工作相关结果预测因素的元分析。结果——基于52项独立研究,总共雇佣了14143名独立研究参与者——表明,消极的职场八卦对个人、关系和组织的影响比积极的八卦更大。此外,我们的研究结果表明,与交换八卦的个体相比,消极八卦的目标在态度/情感和同事关系方面经历了最差的结果。出乎意料的是,结果模式还表明,在工作中交流负面八卦的人也可能经历高度有害的结果,尽管这些关系的因果关系方向尚未最终确定。总的来说,我们的研究结果表明,组织和管理者应该认真对待负面八卦对整个组织健康的威胁,也可能能够利用积极八卦的潜在有益影响。最后,我们讨论了我们研究结果的含义。
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引用次数: 1
Autonomous or controlled self-regulation, that is the question: A self-determination perspective on the impact of commuting on employees’ domain-specific functioning 自主或受控的自我调节,这是一个问题:从自我决定的角度来看通勤对员工特定领域功能的影响
IF 6.1 1区 心理学 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/20413866221133644
Fabiola H. Gerpott, W. Rivkin, Dana Unger
The few studies that have considered psychological processes during the commute have drawn an ambiguous picture, with some emphasizing the negative and others the positive consequences of commuting. Drawing on self-determination theory, we develop a framework that expands on the costs and benefits of commuting for employees’ subsequent domain-related functioning at work and home. Specifically, we propose employees’ basic needs satisfaction and processes of autonomous and controlled self-regulation as mechanisms that explain how psychological commute characteristics spill over to domain-related functioning through experienced subjective vitality. In doing so, we introduce a taxonomy of psychological commute characteristics and highlight the importance of separating these underlying subjective characteristics from objective aspects of the commuting environment. Our research encourages scholars to conduct within- and between-person studies to examine how the objective commute environment and associated psychological commute characteristics affect employees’ self-regulation. Plain Language Summary What happens during the commute does not stay within the boundaries of the commute: Aversive experiences such as being stuck in a traffic jam may spill over to lower engagement in work or home activities. Similarly, positive incidents such as flowing to work uninterruptedly can positively impact subsequent experiences such as flowing (i.e., being fully engaged) when performing tasks at work or at home. How can this be explained? Our article suggests that commuters enter motivational states when going and coming from work. For instance, they feel that everything is going easy and under one's control (autonomous self-regulation) or they feel that the commute is effortful and externally determined (controlled self-regulation). These motivational states influence subjective vitality after the commute, which in turn predicts how employees function at work or at home. Importantly, while objective aspects of the commute environment (for instance, the length of one's commute or one's means of transportation) have an impact on these motivational states, we argue that they do so via psychological commute characteristics perceived by the commuter. We focus on the latter and predict employees’ motivational state during the commute in the form of the fulfillment of their basic needs (i.e., feeling autonomous, competent, and related during the commute) as determined by different psychological commute characteristics (decision latitude, psychological stimulation, social characteristics, physical aspects, insecurity). Our work can inspire research that investigates why different employees perceive their commute differently as well as why the same employee may experience different motivational states during their commute from day to day. We end with practical recommendations for communities, organizations, and the commuter themselves.
少数考虑通勤期间心理过程的研究描绘了一幅模糊的画面,一些研究强调通勤的负面影响,另一些则强调通勤的积极后果。根据自决理论,我们开发了一个框架,该框架扩展了通勤的成本和收益,以促进员工随后在工作和家庭中与领域相关的功能。具体而言,我们提出员工的基本需求满足以及自主和受控的自我调节过程,作为解释心理通勤特征如何通过体验的主观活力渗透到领域相关功能的机制。在这样做的过程中,我们引入了心理通勤特征的分类,并强调了将这些潜在的主观特征与通勤环境的客观方面分开的重要性。我们的研究鼓励学者进行人内和人与人之间的研究,以考察客观的通勤环境和相关的心理通勤特征如何影响员工的自我调节。简明语言总结通勤期间发生的事情并不局限于通勤的范围:交通堵塞等厌恶性经历可能会导致工作或家庭活动的参与度降低。同样,不间断地上班等积极事件也会对后续体验产生积极影响,比如在工作或家中执行任务时的流动(即完全投入)。这怎么解释呢?我们的文章建议通勤者在上下班时进入动机状态。例如,他们觉得一切都很容易,在自己的控制下(自主自我调节),或者他们觉得通勤是费力的,是外部决定的(受控自我调节)。这些动机状态会影响通勤后的主观活力,进而预测员工在工作或家庭中的表现。重要的是,虽然通勤环境的客观方面(例如,通勤时间或交通工具)对这些动机状态有影响,但我们认为,它们是通过通勤者感知的心理通勤特征来影响的。我们关注后者,并预测员工在通勤期间的动机状态,以满足他们的基本需求的形式(即,在通勤期间感到自主、胜任和相关),这是由不同的心理通勤特征(决策自由度、心理刺激、社会特征、身体方面、不安全感)决定的。我们的工作可以启发研究,调查为什么不同的员工对通勤的看法不同,以及为什么同一名员工在日复一日的通勤过程中可能会经历不同的动机状态。最后,我们为社区、组织和通勤者自己提出了切实可行的建议。
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引用次数: 2
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Organizational Psychology Review
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