Social Work in Public Health最新文献

This cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between three distinct types of racism-based experiences (i.e. hostile, aversive-hostile, and avoidant) and suicide risk among Black emerging adults. Computer assisted surveys were administered to a sample of 300 Black emerging adult college students. Increased exposure to hostile racism was linked to higher risk of suicidal ideation and attempts, whereas an increase in exposure to aversive-hostile racism was associated with a decreased likelihood of experiencing suicidal ideation. These findings underscore the complex and multifaceted nature of the relationship between racism-based experiences and suicide risk for Black emerging adults. Implications for research, practice, and policy are discussed.

Despite ongoing debates about what is causing our changing climate, we know this change is real. Extreme weather events are occurring at a larger never-before-seen scale and with more frequency. The impact of extreme weather events has resulted in devastating health consequences: physical illnesses, mental health problems, displacement and in the most dire of situations the loss of human life. Further, some communities are disproportionately affected by climate change and experience heightened vulnerability. This article presents the legal determinants of health (LDOH) framework as an optimal strategy to advance climate justice and collective wellbeing. It does so through an equity lens. The LDOH framework supports the United Nations' 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, comprised of 17 Sustainable Development Goals that advance human rights and prosperity for all, and significantly influences global-to-local health and equity. Viewing health as a human right requires expanding beyond social determinants of health as a site for intervention and toward structural intervention, specifically LDOH. LDOH refer to macrolevel factors, including laws, policies, institutional practices and governance processes that structure the social determinants of health. The power of leveraging LDOH for climate justice and collective wellbeing is addressed through a discussion of multiple case examples. In conclusion, social workers are identified as critically important in climate justice advocacy for public health and collective wellbeing.

COVID-19 presented numerous challenges to medical professional's mental, emotional, and physical health, including burnout and secondary trauma. As social workers served as essential and frontline workers during COVID-19, it is important to investigate the effects of the pandemic on professional burnout and secondary trauma responses. A multiracial sample of 163 medical social workers working across four hospital settings responded to a survey addressing burnout and the impact of COVID-19. Medical social workers in this sample reported high levels of emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment and moderate levels of depersonalization. Regression analyses found that hyperarousal scores significantly predicted emotional exhaustion, identifying as Latinx and Black significantly predicted depersonalization, and being older and identifying as White significantly predicted personal accomplishment among medical social workers. Resiliency programs can be developed for medical social workers in direct practice to reduce secondary traumatic stress and increase employee well-being. Future research should employ more rigorous research designs to better understand risk and protective factors for burnout among medical social workers providing direct practice to clients and families.

Little is known about how child asthma management programs, and their participants, fared during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. We describe the primary modifications made to a child asthma management program in East Harlem, NYC, to maintain service continuity during this time. Two questions guide our analysis: 1) To what extent did the program's primary service delivery activities change between the year before the pandemic and the pandemic's first year?; and 2) To what extent did the needs of children and families in the program change between the year before the pandemic and the pandemic's first year? This study found fewer enrollments during the first year of the pandemic than the previous year. There was also a shift in social service needs, especially an increase in food insecurity during COVID's first year. The program's social workers were able to pivot to develop strategies for supporting these shifting needs.

Social work is a caring profession, as social workers are required to provide psychological support and emotional caring for clients. If social workers have psychological distress, low job satisfaction, and conflicting job emotions, their services for the clients will be severely affected. To achieve the goal of better serving others, social workers should have a good state of mind. Their psychological health, job emotions, and satisfaction are thus extremely important to their career. Our findings show job support, job autonomy, and job task can be very effective ways to improve social workers' psychological well-being.

Sex education is a key public health endeavor - preventative for a host of conditions. This study's purpose was to identify barriers to sex education faced by Latinas. We used Qualitative Interpretative Meta-Synthesis to synthesize qualitative studies of Latinas' sex education experiences. We analyzed 13 articles searched from December to July 2022, resulting in five themes: 1. Marianismo and Machismo, 2. Consequences of Following Twisted Versions of Machismo and Marianismo, 3. Not Having Positive Relationships, 4. Harmful Protection, and 5. Lack of Care: The Colonizers Know It All. Results depict clearly how traditional gender roles have been used and continue to be used to hurt members of the Latine community, specifically Latinas. The current study points toward the different cultural dynamics that limit Latina's accessibility to adequate sex education.

Federal initiatives have invested considerable resources to end gun violence. Hospital-based violence intervention programs (HVIPs) are shown to reduce violent injury recidivism and address social needs of trauma-exposed clients. Mental health is a significant need among HVIP clients, yet little research on mental health and HVIPs exists. This community-initiated study utilized a triangulation-convergence mixed-methods design. HVIP programs were recruited for survey development aiming to explore aspects of mental health relevant for populations served by HVIPs, standards of care for mental health care among HVIPs, and the function and utility of community partners. Quantitative surveys (n = 16) of Health Alliance of Violence Intervention (HAVI) members and qualitative interviews (n = 4) were conducted with a sample of HAVI Mental Health Working Group members. Using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis, findings highlight the leading mental health needs of HVIP clients, inform best practices for multidisciplinary HVIP teams to effectively meet mental health needs, including the necessity of strong community partnerships, and address the critical intersection of mental health and social determinants of health.

The study investigated the knowledge of cervical cancer among women of childbearing age in a local council of a southeastern Nigerian state, aiming at improving attitudes toward screening uptake and early detection. The health belief model served as a guide for the study's qualitative exploratory research design. Using a combination of purposive and availability sampling strategies, a sample of 20 women participants with varying ages (23-36 years) were selected from 10 villages. The findings revealed that participants have limited knowledge of cervical cancer, with misconceptions and cultural beliefs influencing their understanding. The findings identified factors contributing to the lack of knowledge, including limited access to information and resources, fear, social disapproval, and financial constraints resulting from poverty. The findings also revealed that lack of knowledge has detrimental effects on women's mental, psychological, and social lives, including their relationships with friends and family. In addition, education, awareness campaigns, collaboration with medical personnel, and community engagements were effective strategies to enhance knowledge and awareness of cervical cancer programs among women. The study revealed that the findings imply social work. However, the study recommended that future investigations should consider a larger, more diverse sample to validate these findings and explore strategies to improve knowledge and awareness of cervical cancer among women in Nigeria.

The aim of this study is to understand the experiences of social workers, who have important roles and responsibilities in the provision of mental health services, in working with men with mental health problems. In the study which adopted qualitative descriptive design, in-depth interviews were conducted with 18 social workers. As a result of the analysis of the interviews using the thematic analysis method, three themes were obtained: the reflections of masculinity norms in mental health services, difficulties encountered while working with men and opportunities offered by the social work profession. Research findings indicated that masculinity norms were important determinants at every stage of mental disorders, from the awareness of symptoms to the prosecution of the treatment. Although social workers encountered various difficulties when working with men, the principles and values of social work offered an important opportunity during their work. The study also indicated that mental health policies and services should be gender-sensitive in order to carry out effective practices in the field of male mental health.