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Gaining lead firm position in an emerging industry: A global production networks analysis of two Scandinavian energy firms in offshore wind power 在新兴产业中获得领先地位:对斯堪的纳维亚两家海上风电能源公司的全球生产网络分析
IF 3.9 2区 社会学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2022-05-17 DOI: 10.1177/10245294221103072
Samson Afewerki, M. Steen
Global production networks (GPN) research has given limited attention to lead firms’ competitive strategies in emerging project-based industries (PBIs). Informed by the industry life cycle approach, the authors develop a process-sensitive approach that unpacks the black-boxed notion of lead firms’ competitive capabilities development processes to address this gap. The approach is operationalized in the analysis of the evolutionary trajectories of Ørsted (Denmark) and Equinor (Norway) in the emerging offshore wind power industry. Analytically, the authors differentiate between lead firms’ pre-entry, entry, and post-entry scope-related and scale-related competitive capabilities development processes. They demonstrate how these processes are shaped by industry characteristics and co-evolve with broader industry developments and extra-firm dynamics. Through this novel perspective, the paper extends conventional wisdom on the role GPNs as facilitators of knowledge transfer and of local and regional capability formation and development. The authors argue that GPNs can also facilitate both knowledge transfer to and competitive capability formation by (lead) firms.
全球生产网络(GPN)研究对新兴项目型产业中领先企业的竞争战略关注有限。根据行业生命周期方法,作者开发了一种对过程敏感的方法,打破了领先企业竞争能力开发过程的黑匣子概念,以解决这一差距。该方法可用于分析丹麦和挪威在新兴海上风电行业的发展轨迹。通过分析,作者区分了领先企业进入前、进入和进入后与范围相关和与规模相关的竞争能力开发过程。它们展示了这些过程是如何由行业特征塑造的,并与更广泛的行业发展和企业外的动态共同发展。通过这一新颖的视角,本文扩展了GPN作为知识转移、地方和区域能力形成和发展促进者的作用的传统智慧。作者认为,GPN还可以促进知识向(领先)企业的转移和竞争能力的形成。
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引用次数: 4
Firm foundations: The statistical footprint of multinational corporations as a problem for political economy 坚实的基础:跨国公司的统计足迹是政治经济学的一个问题
IF 3.9 2区 社会学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2022-05-17 DOI: 10.1177/10245294221093704
Timur Ergen, Sebastian Kohl, Benjamin Braun
The discipline of comparative political economy (CPE) relies heavily on aggregate, country-level economic indicators. However, the practices of multinational corporations have increasingly undermined this approach to measurement. The problem of indicator drift is well documented by a growing critical literature and calls for systematic methodological attention in CPE. We present the case for a rocky but ultimately rewarding middle road between indicator fatalism and indicator faith. We illustrate our argument by examining two important cases—Sweden’s recent export success and the financialization of non-financial corporations in France. A careful parsing of the data suggests corrections to common characterizations of the two cases. Swedish exports have been reshaped by intragroup trade among foreign subsidiaries of domestic corporations. The growth of financial assets held by French firms is attributable to the growth of foreign direct investment and to cumulative revaluation effects, while what remains of financialization is concentrated among the very largest firms. Based on these findings, we propose a methodological routine that parses data by zooming in on the qualitative specifics of countries, sectors, and firms, while using all available options for disaggregation.
比较政治经济学在很大程度上依赖于国家层面的总体经济指标。然而,跨国公司的做法日益破坏了这种计量方法。越来越多的批评性文献充分证明了指标漂移的问题,并呼吁CPE在方法上给予系统的关注。在指标宿命论和指标信念之间,我们提出了一条艰难但最终有回报的中间道路。我们通过考察两个重要案例来说明我们的论点——瑞典最近的出口成功和法国非金融公司的金融化。对数据的仔细分析表明,对这两种情况的共同特征进行了更正。瑞典的出口已经被国内公司的外国子公司之间的集团内贸易所重塑。法国公司持有的金融资产的增长归因于外国直接投资的增长和累积的重估效应,而金融化的剩余部分集中在最大的公司中。基于这些发现,我们提出了一种方法论例程,通过放大国家、部门和公司的定性细节来解析数据,同时使用所有可用的分类选项。
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引用次数: 5
No strings attached: Corporate welfare, state intervention, and the issue of conditionality 没有附加条件:企业福利、国家干预和条件问题
IF 3.9 2区 社会学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2022-05-17 DOI: 10.1177/10245294221101145
Fabio Bulfone, Timur Ergen, Manolis Kalaitzake
This paper contributes to Comparative Political Economy (CPE) by developing an analytical concept of corporate welfare. Corporate welfare—the transfer of public funds and benefits to corporate actors with weak or no conditionality—is a prominent form of state-business relations that CPE scholarship regularly overlooks and misinterprets. Such transfers should be understood as a structural privilege of business in a globalized post-Fordist capitalism, and an increasingly common strategy through which states attempt to steward national economic dynamism within a highly constrained range of policy options. However, without a well-developed concept of corporate welfare—premised upon the key criterion of conditionality—studies that identify a “return” of the state in industrial planning misrepresent these transfers to business as a reassertion of state influence and control, rather than a reflection of state weakness and subordination. The paper provides the analytical building blocks to properly conceptualize transfers to business, works out the core challenges for empirical research, and provides empirical illustrations of this burgeoning phenomenon from the fields of unconventional monetary policy, privatization, and urban political economy.
本文通过发展企业福利的分析概念,为比较政治经济学做出了贡献。企业福利——将公共资金和福利转移给条件薄弱或没有条件的企业行为者——是CPE奖学金经常忽视和误解的一种突出的国家商业关系形式。这种转移应该被理解为全球化后福特主义资本主义中企业的一种结构性特权,也是一种越来越普遍的战略,通过这种战略,各国试图在高度受限的政策选择范围内管理国家经济活力。然而,如果没有一个完善的企业福利概念——以条件性这一关键标准为前提——那些确定国家在工业规划中“回归”的研究将这些向企业的转移歪曲为国家影响力和控制权的重申,而不是国家软弱和从属的反映。本文提供了正确概念化企业转移的分析基础,提出了实证研究的核心挑战,并从非常规货币政策、私有化和城市政治经济等领域对这一新兴现象进行了实证说明。
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引用次数: 5
Book review: Emerging Economies and the Global Financial System: Post-Keynesian Analysis 书评:《新兴经济体与全球金融体系:后凯恩斯主义分析》
IF 3.9 2区 社会学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2022-05-16 DOI: 10.1177/10245294221102749
Daniel Gay
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引用次数: 1
Book review: Garments without guilt? Global labour justice and ethical codes in Sri Lankan apparels 书评:没有负罪感的衣服?全球劳工正义和斯里兰卡服装的道德准则
IF 3.9 2区 社会学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2022-05-15 DOI: 10.1177/10245294221101104
Achalie Kumarage
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引用次数: 1
Introduction: New Frontiers of Techno-Economic Rentiership 导论:技术经济租赁的新前沿
IF 3.9 2区 社会学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2022-04-17 DOI: 10.1177/10245294221082243
K. Birch, Callum Ward, E. Tretter
‘In foreign affairs, Japan is often thought of as a big country acting like a small one. Yet that is to miss the significance, range and effectiveness of Japan’s economic statecraft, in which the country not only acts its true size but also does so with much more autonomy and agency than it does in classic diplomacy. Yuka Koshino and Robert Ward shine a truly illuminating light on how Japan thinks and behaves as a geo-economic actor, whether through trade, investment, aid, rule-setting or, crucially, technology. This Adelphi book deserves to be widely read, for it adds greatly to our understanding of a much neglected and under-appreciated aspect of Japanese strategy.’ Bill Emmott, Chairman of the IISS Trustees; Chairman of the Japan Society of the UK; and author of Japan’s Far More Female Future (Oxford University Press, 2020) ‘Groundbreaking work and a penetrating analysis of the geo-economic challenges facing Japan, a frontline country in the age of US–China rivalry and economic statecraft.’ Dr Funabashi Yoichi, Chairman of Asia Pacific Initiative Geo-economic strategy – deploying economic instruments to secure foreign-policy aims and to project power – has long been a key element of statecraft. In recent years it has acquired even greater salience, given China’s growing antagonism with the United States and the willingness of both Beijing and Washington to wield economic power in their confrontation. This trend has particular significance for Japan, due to its often tense political relationship with China, which remains its largest trading partner. While Japan’s post-war geo-economic performance often failed to match its status as one of the world’s largest economies, more recently Tokyo has demonstrated increased geo-economic agency and effectiveness. In this Adelphi book, Yuka Koshino and Robert Ward draw on multiple disciplines – including economics, political economy, foreign policy and security policy – and interviews with key policymakers to examine Japan’s geo-economic power in the context of great-power competition between the US and China. They examine Japan’s previous underperformance, how Tokyo’s understanding of geo-economics has evolved and, given constraints on its national power projection, what actions Japan might feasibly take to become a more effective geo-economic actor. Their conclusions will be of direct interest not only for all those concerned with Japanese grand strategy and the Asia-Pacific, but also for those middle powers seeking to navigate great-power competition in the coming decades.
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引用次数: 7
Accounting infrastructures and the negotiation of social and economic returns under financialization: The case of impact investing 金融化下的会计基础设施与社会经济回报谈判:以影响投资为例
IF 3.9 2区 社会学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2022-04-15 DOI: 10.1177/10245294221085636
A. Guter-Sandu
Impact investing has emerged as a topical subject-matter for scholars working at the intersection between finance and social policy. By and large, it is seen as a product of financialization: some argue that the social is colonized by financial actors and methods, others see it as a site where boundary work produces a state of value plurality in which competing values—social and financial—co-exist. This article takes the latter perspective further and unpacks the endogenous dynamics underpinning the creation of social values in impact investing programs. It analyzes how high-level organizations in the field prescribed specific social impact valuation processes and mechanisms for collecting, measuring, and reporting data about value creation. It argues that the social values circulating in the impact investing field emerge from the interplay between a wide array of stakeholders, impact investors included. The social impact accounting tools that capture them materialize therefore as sites of political battles and negotiations between stakeholders, with both emancipatory but also exploitative potential. This has consequences upon our understanding of how financialization travels and how the social dynamics underpinning accounting devices (re)draw boundaries between competing values and fields.
影响力投资已经成为研究金融与社会政策交叉领域的学者的热门话题。总的来说,它被视为金融化的产物:一些人认为社会被金融行为者和金融方法所殖民,另一些人认为它是一个边界工作产生价值多元化状态的场所,在这种状态下,相互竞争的价值观——社会和金融——共存。本文进一步采用后一种观点,并揭示了影响投资项目中支持社会价值创造的内生动力。它分析了该领域的高级组织如何规定具体的社会影响评估过程和机制,以收集、测量和报告有关价值创造的数据。它认为,在影响投资领域中流通的社会价值来自包括影响投资者在内的广泛利益相关者之间的相互作用。因此,捕捉它们的社会影响会计工具成为利益相关者之间政治斗争和谈判的场所,既有解放的潜力,也有剥削的潜力。这影响了我们对金融化如何传播的理解,以及支撑会计设备的社会动态如何(重新)划定竞争价值和领域之间的界限。
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引用次数: 3
Introduction to the special section on Financialization, state action and the contested policy practices of neoliberalization 金融化、国家行动和有争议的新自由主义政策做法特别章节介绍
IF 3.9 2区 社会学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/10245294221086864
C. Berry, Inga Rademacher, Matthew Watson
Warwick, UK The view that neoliberalism has become, and remains, the dominant ideology of economic statecraft in most parts of the world is widespread within critical social science scholarship. But there is no settled view on the nature of ‘ the neoliberal state ’ (see Plant, 2009; Weiss, 2012). Is there such a thing? Despite many scholars ’ con fi dence in the in fl uence of neoliberalism on economic and social policy across many countries, the sheer diversity of policy practices and institutional structures to which the label ‘ neoliberal ’ has been applied means the archetypal state form of neoliberalism is dif fi cult to discern. This is partly because the de fi ning characteristics of neoliberalism are contested (allowing some to claim the category is redundant as anything other than a broad heuristic). And it is partly because of the concurrence of a widespread adherence to neoliberal ideas and the process of fi nancialization (allowing some to claim that the category has been overtaken in importance in explanatory terms). The response to the pandemic has muddied the waters still further. There are now lots of suggestions that there can be ‘ no going back ’ to the economic world as it was before. But when it is so dif fi cult to specify what the characteristics of that world were, problems obviously arise in describing what lies beyond it. Yet critical scholars remain largely wedded to the notion of neoliberalism in accounts of state transformation. This is not to suggest the literature offers only a simplistic account of the neoliberal state, or the neoliberalization of the state. First, there is recognition
英国沃里克新自由主义已经成为并仍然是世界大多数地区经济治国的主导意识形态,这一观点在批判性社会科学学术界广泛存在。但对于“新自由主义国家”的性质,目前还没有定论(见Plant,2009年;Weiss,2012年)。有这样的事情吗?尽管许多学者相信新自由主义对许多国家经济和社会政策的影响,但“新自由主义”标签所适用的政策实践和制度结构的多样性意味着新自由主义的原型国家形式很难辨别。这在一定程度上是因为新自由主义的定义特征存在争议(允许一些人声称该类别是多余的,而不是广泛的启发式)。这在一定程度上是因为对新自由主义思想的广泛坚持和金融化进程的一致性(允许一些人声称这一类别在解释方面的重要性已经被超越)。对新冠疫情的应对进一步搅乱了局面。现在有很多建议认为,经济世界不可能像以前那样“倒退”。但是,当很难具体说明那个世界的特征时,在描述它之外的东西时,显然会出现问题。然而,批判性学者在描述国家转型时,在很大程度上仍然坚持新自由主义的概念。这并不是说文献只提供了对新自由主义国家或国家新自由化的简单描述。首先,有认可
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引用次数: 1
Industrial policy and comparative political economy: A literature review and research agenda 产业政策与比较政治经济学:文献回顾与研究议程
IF 3.9 2区 社会学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2022-03-25 DOI: 10.1177/10245294221076225
Fabio Bulfone
The Great Recession renewed calls for a return of state activism in support of the European economy. The widespread nationalizations of ailing companies and the growing activism of national development banks led many to celebrate the re-appearance of industrial policy. Despite this reappraisal, however, comparative political economy (CPE) contributions to the study of industrial policy are still scarce. This review article critically overviews the existing literature linking CPE and industrial policy meeting three goals. First, to trace the evolution of the goals, protagonists, and policy instruments of industrial policy in the European Union (EU) since the post-war period. Second, to provide a periodization of the evolution of industrial policy based on the distinction between the inward-looking forms of state intervention prevalent until the late 1970s and the open-market industrial policy of later decades. Third, to outline future research pathways based on the integration between CPE, heterodox economics, and economic geography.
“大衰退”(Great Recession)再次呼吁恢复国家行动主义,以支持欧洲经济。境况不佳的公司普遍被国有化,国家开发银行的行动主义日益高涨,这让许多人开始庆祝产业政策的重新出现。然而,尽管有这种重新评价,比较政治经济学对产业政策研究的贡献仍然很少。这篇综述文章批判性地概述了现有的文献链接CPE和产业政策满足三个目标。首先,追溯战后以来欧盟产业政策的目标、主角和政策工具的演变。第二,根据20世纪70年代末之前普遍存在的内向型国家干预形式与随后几十年的开放市场产业政策之间的区别,对产业政策的演变进行分期。第三,基于CPE、非正统经济学和经济地理学的整合,勾勒未来的研究路径。
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引用次数: 21
Boom and bust, Chinese style: Multi-task regulatory dilemma and China’s stock market crisis in 2015 繁荣与萧条,中国式:多任务监管困境与2015年中国股市危机
IF 3.9 2区 社会学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/10245294221075530
Chen Li, Huanhuan Zheng
China’s stock market experienced a major boom and bust between 2014 and 2015, with profound implications on China’s financial stability and governance reforms. Drawing on the organizational studies literature on hybrids, this article analyses how the hybridization of multiple logics has shaped the regulatory incentives, policy process and market dynamics in the evolution of China’s stock market crisis in 2015. It argues that China’s stock market governance has been trapped by the multi-task regulatory dilemma with logic volatility endogenous to its hybrid regime, which poses fundamental constraints on China’s financial stability and regulatory effectiveness. It concludes by discussing the alternative approaches of managing hybridity with integration and differentiation strategies in China’s post-crisis financial governance reforms.
中国股市在2014年至2015年间经历了一次重大的繁荣和萧条,对中国的金融稳定和治理改革产生了深远的影响。本文借鉴混合理论的组织研究文献,分析了2015年中国股市危机演变过程中,多重逻辑的混合如何塑造了监管激励、政策过程和市场动态。本文认为,中国股市治理陷入了多任务监管困境,其混合机制内生的逻辑波动对中国金融稳定和监管有效性构成了根本性制约。最后,本文讨论了中国后危机时代金融治理改革中运用整合和差异化战略管理混杂性的不同途径。
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引用次数: 0
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Competition & Change
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