Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1177/09596801241285235
Thibault Darcillon, Yasmine Mohamed
This article investigates the relationship between the share of assets held by different institutional investors as a proportion of GDP and a synthetic index of job quality in 17 OECD countries from 1993 to 2017. Our first contribution is to provide a new, multidimensional composite indicator of job quality based only on objective dimensions. According to this measure, a continuous decline in job quality is observed in many OECD countries. Second, the emergence of institutional investors as central financial actors since the 1980s has significantly affected labour relations. In this regard, we argue that the increasing influence of institutional investors through their effects on wages and jobs is associated with a lower level of job quality. Using fixed-effects OLS and IV regressions, we find little support that the share of asset holdings by institutional investors is correlated with a lower level of job quality, mainly due to the small magnitude of the coefficient estimates. Finally, we find that the job quality-reducing effect of the share of assets held by institutional investors is more pronounced in countries that have experienced a decline in union bargaining power, again with a small magnitude of our different estimates.
本文研究了 1993 至 2017 年间 17 个经合组织国家中不同机构投资者持有的资产占 GDP 的比例与就业质量合成指数之间的关系。我们的第一个贡献是提供了一个仅基于客观维度的新的、多维度的工作质量综合指标。根据这一指标，许多经合组织国家的就业质量持续下降。其次，自 20 世纪 80 年代以来，机构投资者作为核心金融参与者的出现极大地影响了劳资关系。在这方面，我们认为，机构投资者通过对工资和工作岗位的影响而不断增强的影响力与较低的工作质量水平相关。通过使用固定效应 OLS 和 IV 回归，我们发现机构投资者持有的资产份额与较低的工作质量水平之间几乎没有关联，这主要是由于系数估计值较小。最后，我们发现，在工会谈判能力下降的国家，机构投资者所持资产份额对就业质量的降低效应更为明显，但我们的不同估计值的幅度同样较小。
{"title":"Job quality and institutional investors: Evidence in 17 OECD countries, 1993-2017","authors":"Thibault Darcillon, Yasmine Mohamed","doi":"10.1177/09596801241285235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09596801241285235","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates the relationship between the share of assets held by different institutional investors as a proportion of GDP and a synthetic index of job quality in 17 OECD countries from 1993 to 2017. Our first contribution is to provide a new, multidimensional composite indicator of job quality based only on objective dimensions. According to this measure, a continuous decline in job quality is observed in many OECD countries. Second, the emergence of institutional investors as central financial actors since the 1980s has significantly affected labour relations. In this regard, we argue that the increasing influence of institutional investors through their effects on wages and jobs is associated with a lower level of job quality. Using fixed-effects OLS and IV regressions, we find little support that the share of asset holdings by institutional investors is correlated with a lower level of job quality, mainly due to the small magnitude of the coefficient estimates. Finally, we find that the job quality-reducing effect of the share of assets held by institutional investors is more pronounced in countries that have experienced a decline in union bargaining power, again with a small magnitude of our different estimates.","PeriodicalId":47034,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Industrial Relations","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142250030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-06DOI: 10.1177/09596801241278135
Alexander Hijzen, Mats Lillehagen, Wouter Zwysen
Job reallocation is a key driver of aggregate wage growth, but its role in different economic systems remains understudied. This paper takes a comparative view and analyses the role of job mobility in job reallocation and aggregate wage growth in Norway, comparing it to published results for the United States. The results show first that, as expected, overall job mobility is much lower in Norway compared to the United States, likely reflecting the compressed wage distribution. However, the speed of job reallocation from low-wage to high-wage firms is similar to or even higher than in the United States. Second, in both Norway and the United States, the process of job reallocation is strongly pro-cyclical. This is entirely driven by the pro-cyclical nature of net job-to-job mobility from low- to high-wage firms. Third, for Norway, the bulk of aggregate wage growth reflects on-the job wage growth, while its cyclicality is largely driven by net job-to-job mobility from low to high-wage firms. This paper shows that reallocation is not necessarily less efficient in more egalitarian societies with lower mobility and different wage structures.
{"title":"Job mobility, reallocation and wage growth: A tale of two countries","authors":"Alexander Hijzen, Mats Lillehagen, Wouter Zwysen","doi":"10.1177/09596801241278135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09596801241278135","url":null,"abstract":"Job reallocation is a key driver of aggregate wage growth, but its role in different economic systems remains understudied. This paper takes a comparative view and analyses the role of job mobility in job reallocation and aggregate wage growth in Norway, comparing it to published results for the United States. The results show first that, as expected, overall job mobility is much lower in Norway compared to the United States, likely reflecting the compressed wage distribution. However, the speed of job reallocation from low-wage to high-wage firms is similar to or even higher than in the United States. Second, in both Norway and the United States, the process of job reallocation is strongly pro-cyclical. This is entirely driven by the pro-cyclical nature of net job-to-job mobility from low- to high-wage firms. Third, for Norway, the bulk of aggregate wage growth reflects on-the job wage growth, while its cyclicality is largely driven by net job-to-job mobility from low to high-wage firms. This paper shows that reallocation is not necessarily less efficient in more egalitarian societies with lower mobility and different wage structures.","PeriodicalId":47034,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Industrial Relations","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142182387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1177/09596801241268291
Alessandro Cusimano, Chiara Paola Donegani, Stephen McKay
Following ‘Brexit’, the UK leaving the EU, we analyse the effects of changes in the legal framework on EU residents and compare them with UK citizens, employing a difference-in-differences framework. The research focuses on several dependent variables, including labour supply and wages, self-employment rates, and changes in industry, using the Annual Population Survey (APS) data 2012−2022 in the UK (itself based on the Labour Force Survey (LFS)), National Insurance Number registrations, and visas issued. The evidence from our analysis on EU post-Brexit migration towards the UK, together with the observed overall increase in rates of (non-EU) net migration, shows rebalancing between EU and non-EU groups. Effects are strongest at the lower-skilled end of the labour market. However, wages for UK natives and EU migrants did not change with respect to each other, controlling for occupation, industry, and other factors.
{"title":"Changing labour migration flows after Brexit: An analysis of UK survey and administrative data","authors":"Alessandro Cusimano, Chiara Paola Donegani, Stephen McKay","doi":"10.1177/09596801241268291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09596801241268291","url":null,"abstract":"Following ‘Brexit’, the UK leaving the EU, we analyse the effects of changes in the legal framework on EU residents and compare them with UK citizens, employing a difference-in-differences framework. The research focuses on several dependent variables, including labour supply and wages, self-employment rates, and changes in industry, using the Annual Population Survey (APS) data 2012−2022 in the UK (itself based on the Labour Force Survey (LFS)), National Insurance Number registrations, and visas issued. The evidence from our analysis on EU post-Brexit migration towards the UK, together with the observed overall increase in rates of (non-EU) net migration, shows rebalancing between EU and non-EU groups. Effects are strongest at the lower-skilled end of the labour market. However, wages for UK natives and EU migrants did not change with respect to each other, controlling for occupation, industry, and other factors.","PeriodicalId":47034,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Industrial Relations","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141880929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.1177/09596801241268144
Kimberly Goulart, Daniel Oesch
The empirical literature is divided on whether job tenure has declined or remained stable in Europe in recent decades. We argue that three analytical decisions explain the lack of consensus: whether researchers focus on men or women, whether they control for changes in labour market composition and whether the period under study is marked by a recession or a boom. We show the influence of these three decisions by analysing change in job tenure for France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain and the UK using two leading surveys: the European Labour Force Survey 1993–2021 and the European Working Conditions Survey 1995–2021. The results show that the share of workers remaining with the same employer for 10 years or more was stable at around 50%. Similarly, the average job tenure remained constant over time – at about 11 years – between 1993 and 2021. Trends in job tenure differ by gender. While the tenure of men remained stable or declined, the tenure of women increased. The stability in job tenure was due to the ageing of the workforce. For a given age, job tenure was shorter in the early 2020s than in the early 1990s.
{"title":"Job tenure in Western Europe, 1993–2021: Decline or stability?","authors":"Kimberly Goulart, Daniel Oesch","doi":"10.1177/09596801241268144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09596801241268144","url":null,"abstract":"The empirical literature is divided on whether job tenure has declined or remained stable in Europe in recent decades. We argue that three analytical decisions explain the lack of consensus: whether researchers focus on men or women, whether they control for changes in labour market composition and whether the period under study is marked by a recession or a boom. We show the influence of these three decisions by analysing change in job tenure for France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain and the UK using two leading surveys: the European Labour Force Survey 1993–2021 and the European Working Conditions Survey 1995–2021. The results show that the share of workers remaining with the same employer for 10 years or more was stable at around 50%. Similarly, the average job tenure remained constant over time – at about 11 years – between 1993 and 2021. Trends in job tenure differ by gender. While the tenure of men remained stable or declined, the tenure of women increased. The stability in job tenure was due to the ageing of the workforce. For a given age, job tenure was shorter in the early 2020s than in the early 1990s.","PeriodicalId":47034,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Industrial Relations","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141779428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-24DOI: 10.1177/09596801241267115
Bettina Haidinger, Nathan Lillie, Pablo Sanz de Miguel, Sanna Saksela-Bergholm, Juan Arasanz
This paper examines strategic enforcement approaches relying on co-enforcement and transgovernmentalist. It examines three cases in the construction industry in Austria, Asturias (Spain), and Poland, as well as three cases in maritime shipping in Finland, Spain, and Poland, focussing on Labour Inspection’s (LI)s motivations for engaging in co-enforcement and transnational cooperation. Data collection involved desk research, semi-structured interviews (39 construction and 14 in maritime), observation of inspections, and participant observation in EU seminars we organised together with regulatory actors (specific details are provided in the appendix). Findings show that LI’s selection of co-enforcement and transnational alliances are driven by the specific and highly contingent challenges each organisation faces. LI organisations are seeking to exploit synergies, but both the material reality and perception of these depends on diverse pre-existing infrastructures and organisation-specific assets.
{"title":"Strategic labour inspection in fissured workplaces and transnational employment relations: Lessons from co-enforcement approaches and transgovernmental cooperation","authors":"Bettina Haidinger, Nathan Lillie, Pablo Sanz de Miguel, Sanna Saksela-Bergholm, Juan Arasanz","doi":"10.1177/09596801241267115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09596801241267115","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines strategic enforcement approaches relying on co-enforcement and transgovernmentalist. It examines three cases in the construction industry in Austria, Asturias (Spain), and Poland, as well as three cases in maritime shipping in Finland, Spain, and Poland, focussing on Labour Inspection’s (LI)s motivations for engaging in co-enforcement and transnational cooperation. Data collection involved desk research, semi-structured interviews (39 construction and 14 in maritime), observation of inspections, and participant observation in EU seminars we organised together with regulatory actors (specific details are provided in the appendix). Findings show that LI’s selection of co-enforcement and transnational alliances are driven by the specific and highly contingent challenges each organisation faces. LI organisations are seeking to exploit synergies, but both the material reality and perception of these depends on diverse pre-existing infrastructures and organisation-specific assets.","PeriodicalId":47034,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Industrial Relations","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141779435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-21DOI: 10.1177/09596801241267113
Roland Ahlstrand, Christopher J McLachlan, Robert MacKenzie, Alexis Rydell, Mark Stuart
This paper compares responses to crises through analysis of labour market policy in Sweden and the UK between the Global Financial Crisis to the COVID-19 pandemic. In drawing on ‘restructuring regimes’, we offer insights into the dynamics of change in the two countries, focussing on the development of short-time working schemes. We argue that Sweden learned lessons from the GFC that helped prepare for future crises, whereas the UK’s muted response left it ill-prepared for the COVID-19 crisis. The paper contributes to debates around restructuring regimes through an analysis of the journey between two crises in which we characterise Sweden’s approach as proactive and pre-emptive and the UK’s as reactive and ad hoc. By locating analysis in traditions of self-regulation and voluntarism in Sweden and the UK, respectively, we expand upon the role that industrial relations play in maintaining the stability, or not, of national restructuring regimes.
{"title":"Restructuring regimes in and between two crises: A comparison of Sweden and the UK","authors":"Roland Ahlstrand, Christopher J McLachlan, Robert MacKenzie, Alexis Rydell, Mark Stuart","doi":"10.1177/09596801241267113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09596801241267113","url":null,"abstract":"This paper compares responses to crises through analysis of labour market policy in Sweden and the UK between the Global Financial Crisis to the COVID-19 pandemic. In drawing on ‘restructuring regimes’, we offer insights into the dynamics of change in the two countries, focussing on the development of short-time working schemes. We argue that Sweden learned lessons from the GFC that helped prepare for future crises, whereas the UK’s muted response left it ill-prepared for the COVID-19 crisis. The paper contributes to debates around restructuring regimes through an analysis of the journey between two crises in which we characterise Sweden’s approach as proactive and pre-emptive and the UK’s as reactive and ad hoc. By locating analysis in traditions of self-regulation and voluntarism in Sweden and the UK, respectively, we expand upon the role that industrial relations play in maintaining the stability, or not, of national restructuring regimes.","PeriodicalId":47034,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Industrial Relations","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141742489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-28DOI: 10.1177/09596801241253570
Vinzenz Pyka, Claus Schnabel
We shed light on an understudied group: retirees in unions. Using representative individual-level data of 19 European countries, we find that the share of retirees in unions and the union density of retirees increased between 2008 and 2020. Econometric analyses indicate that on average retired workers’ probability of union membership is 17 percentage points lower than that of active workers, with some variation among countries. This finding is consistent with social custom models and cost–benefit considerations, but it partly questions the inter-generational solidarity model put forward in the literature. We further find that some determinants of union membership differ between active and retired workers; for instance, the (former) status of being a full-time or blue-collar worker is only statistically significant for active but not for retired workers. Overall, standard membership models better explain the unionization of active than retired workers.
{"title":"Unionization of retired workers in Europe","authors":"Vinzenz Pyka, Claus Schnabel","doi":"10.1177/09596801241253570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09596801241253570","url":null,"abstract":"We shed light on an understudied group: retirees in unions. Using representative individual-level data of 19 European countries, we find that the share of retirees in unions and the union density of retirees increased between 2008 and 2020. Econometric analyses indicate that on average retired workers’ probability of union membership is 17 percentage points lower than that of active workers, with some variation among countries. This finding is consistent with social custom models and cost–benefit considerations, but it partly questions the inter-generational solidarity model put forward in the literature. We further find that some determinants of union membership differ between active and retired workers; for instance, the (former) status of being a full-time or blue-collar worker is only statistically significant for active but not for retired workers. Overall, standard membership models better explain the unionization of active than retired workers.","PeriodicalId":47034,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Industrial Relations","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141165814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.1177/09596801241235312
Raoul Gebert
The creation of a common European market for financial services has significantly altered the strategic edifice for banks, as well as for the trade unions representing their employees. In the Nordic countries, where regulation of the labour market has long relied on multiemployer bargaining and strong sector-level actors, this has led to a strategic realignment. Faced with mergers and acquisitions, the potential for delocalization and an increasing amount of directly applicable EU-regulation in the sector, Nordic finance trade unions have supported the creation of company-level trade union alliances within MNCs, while still building upon resources and repertoires stemming from Nordic ‘comparative institutional advantage’. Our ‘extended case study’ of three such alliances in the finance sector, called ‘Nordic company clubs’, concludes that, while trade unions there still benefit from strong, typically Nordic institutional and associational power resources, important actor-centred variables and capabilities such as narratives, scaling, resourcefulness and institutional experimentation complement and strengthen our understanding of trade union strategies and institutional change in the context of market integration.
{"title":"Transnational trade union strategies in the context of market integration: The case of company union clubs in the Nordic finance sector","authors":"Raoul Gebert","doi":"10.1177/09596801241235312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09596801241235312","url":null,"abstract":"The creation of a common European market for financial services has significantly altered the strategic edifice for banks, as well as for the trade unions representing their employees. In the Nordic countries, where regulation of the labour market has long relied on multiemployer bargaining and strong sector-level actors, this has led to a strategic realignment. Faced with mergers and acquisitions, the potential for delocalization and an increasing amount of directly applicable EU-regulation in the sector, Nordic finance trade unions have supported the creation of company-level trade union alliances within MNCs, while still building upon resources and repertoires stemming from Nordic ‘comparative institutional advantage’. Our ‘extended case study’ of three such alliances in the finance sector, called ‘Nordic company clubs’, concludes that, while trade unions there still benefit from strong, typically Nordic institutional and associational power resources, important actor-centred variables and capabilities such as narratives, scaling, resourcefulness and institutional experimentation complement and strengthen our understanding of trade union strategies and institutional change in the context of market integration.","PeriodicalId":47034,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Industrial Relations","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139946468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-08DOI: 10.1177/09596801231226244
Jens Arnholtz, Ståle Østhus
This article studies how labour migration affects dual vocational education and training (VET) systems. We argue that because dual VET systems rely on employers engaging in training, an alternative source of labour – such as labour migrants – may make employers less likely to train, especially when pressure on industrial relations institutions makes it possible for employers to use migrant labour as low-wage labour. Drawing on linked employer-employee register data from Denmark and Norway, we us logistic and Poisson regression to analyse whether changes in the level of labour migration in regional subsectors of the construction sector in these two countries affects firms’ hiring of apprentices. We find that despite dissimilar developments in the labour migration level, these levels nonetheless correlate with the intake of apprentices in both countries. The results suggest that labour migration into countries with dual VET systems may have long-term effects on their skill formation systems.
{"title":"Is labour migration disrupting dual vocational education and training systems? Empirical evidence from the Danish and Norwegian construction sectors","authors":"Jens Arnholtz, Ståle Østhus","doi":"10.1177/09596801231226244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09596801231226244","url":null,"abstract":"This article studies how labour migration affects dual vocational education and training (VET) systems. We argue that because dual VET systems rely on employers engaging in training, an alternative source of labour – such as labour migrants – may make employers less likely to train, especially when pressure on industrial relations institutions makes it possible for employers to use migrant labour as low-wage labour. Drawing on linked employer-employee register data from Denmark and Norway, we us logistic and Poisson regression to analyse whether changes in the level of labour migration in regional subsectors of the construction sector in these two countries affects firms’ hiring of apprentices. We find that despite dissimilar developments in the labour migration level, these levels nonetheless correlate with the intake of apprentices in both countries. The results suggest that labour migration into countries with dual VET systems may have long-term effects on their skill formation systems.","PeriodicalId":47034,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Industrial Relations","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139445895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.1177/09596801231224480
Yiluyi Zeng
Freelance contract relations are culturally embedded social relations. The article compares England and Taiwan due to their distinct social norms and concepts of trust for those in contractual relationships, and explores the cultural differences manifested in freelance contract relations. Based on 32 interviews with freelancers in Taiwan and 36 interviews in England, the findings suggest that freelancers’ contract negotiation and tolerance of violation are culturally dependent. In Taiwan, contract relations in general tend to be conflated with interpersonal relations associated with affect and reciprocity, but in freelance contracts, the responsibility for maintaining relations and demonstrating trustworthiness seems to fall on freelancers, who feel obliged to extend favours by compromising their own interests. In England, contract relations are associated with moral equality and the need to remain credible by fulfilling agreements; as such, contracting parties have lower expectations of the other to compromise, and deviations from fulfilling mutual obligations are limited compared to Taiwan.
{"title":"Discounted prices, discounted respect? The influence of cultural norms on freelance contract relations in England and Taiwan","authors":"Yiluyi Zeng","doi":"10.1177/09596801231224480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09596801231224480","url":null,"abstract":"Freelance contract relations are culturally embedded social relations. The article compares England and Taiwan due to their distinct social norms and concepts of trust for those in contractual relationships, and explores the cultural differences manifested in freelance contract relations. Based on 32 interviews with freelancers in Taiwan and 36 interviews in England, the findings suggest that freelancers’ contract negotiation and tolerance of violation are culturally dependent. In Taiwan, contract relations in general tend to be conflated with interpersonal relations associated with affect and reciprocity, but in freelance contracts, the responsibility for maintaining relations and demonstrating trustworthiness seems to fall on freelancers, who feel obliged to extend favours by compromising their own interests. In England, contract relations are associated with moral equality and the need to remain credible by fulfilling agreements; as such, contracting parties have lower expectations of the other to compromise, and deviations from fulfilling mutual obligations are limited compared to Taiwan.","PeriodicalId":47034,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Industrial Relations","volume":"119 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139383245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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