Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1177/0959680119844926
Thomas Turner, L. Ryan, M. O'Sullivan
We examine whether trade union membership enhances political activism and beliefs in the democratic system, and argue that trade unions and union membership are more likely to develop workers’ capacities to participate as citizens in the democratic process. Union members are more likely to engage in political activities and hold more positive attitudes towards democracy than non-union respondents across 11 stable European democracies with varying levels of union density and collective bargaining coverage. A notable trend is the decline over generations of the positive gap in political participation levels between union and non-union workers. It appears that the effects of union membership for political participation and attitudes to democracy, though still significant, are less salient for the 1980s generation.
{"title":"Does union membership matter? Political participation, attachment to democracy and generational change","authors":"Thomas Turner, L. Ryan, M. O'Sullivan","doi":"10.1177/0959680119844926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0959680119844926","url":null,"abstract":"We examine whether trade union membership enhances political activism and beliefs in the democratic system, and argue that trade unions and union membership are more likely to develop workers’ capacities to participate as citizens in the democratic process. Union members are more likely to engage in political activities and hold more positive attitudes towards democracy than non-union respondents across 11 stable European democracies with varying levels of union density and collective bargaining coverage. A notable trend is the decline over generations of the positive gap in political participation levels between union and non-union workers. It appears that the effects of union membership for political participation and attitudes to democracy, though still significant, are less salient for the 1980s generation.","PeriodicalId":47034,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Industrial Relations","volume":"26 1","pages":"279 - 295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0959680119844926","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48115573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1177/0959680119866041
Enrique Fernández-Macías, José-María Arranz-Muñoz
We aim to contribute to a better understanding of the role that occupations played in recent trends in wage inequality in some European countries. Using EU-SILC data, we observe that most of the changes in wage inequality between 2005 and 2014 were the result of changes in the distribution of wages within occupations. A longer term approximation using data from the Luxembourg Income Study (LIS) shows similar patterns. We conclude that occupational dynamics did not drive recent trends in wage inequality in Europe.
{"title":"Occupations and the recent trends in wage inequality in Europe","authors":"Enrique Fernández-Macías, José-María Arranz-Muñoz","doi":"10.1177/0959680119866041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0959680119866041","url":null,"abstract":"We aim to contribute to a better understanding of the role that occupations played in recent trends in wage inequality in some European countries. Using EU-SILC data, we observe that most of the changes in wage inequality between 2005 and 2014 were the result of changes in the distribution of wages within occupations. A longer term approximation using data from the Luxembourg Income Study (LIS) shows similar patterns. We conclude that occupational dynamics did not drive recent trends in wage inequality in Europe.","PeriodicalId":47034,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Industrial Relations","volume":"26 1","pages":"331 - 346"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0959680119866041","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42346945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1177/0959680119850721
B. Brandl
I analyse the incidence of trust between employee representatives and management at the firm level in EU member states. Most previous analyses focus primarily on employees’ trust in the employer, but I consider both sides. The analysis confirms, but generalizes, some known stylized facts such as that trust is relatively high in Scandinavian countries but relatively low in Mediterranean countries. My analysis also reveals a number of novel stylized facts, including a high degree of variability in Central and Eastern Europe. Furthermore, strong mutual trust is very rare throughout Europe and the trust relationship is systematically asymmetric, as employers’ trust in the employee side is systematically higher than the reverse relationship.
{"title":"Variations and (a)symmetries in trust between employees and employers in Europe: Some (not so) well-known stylized facts","authors":"B. Brandl","doi":"10.1177/0959680119850721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0959680119850721","url":null,"abstract":"I analyse the incidence of trust between employee representatives and management at the firm level in EU member states. Most previous analyses focus primarily on employees’ trust in the employer, but I consider both sides. The analysis confirms, but generalizes, some known stylized facts such as that trust is relatively high in Scandinavian countries but relatively low in Mediterranean countries. My analysis also reveals a number of novel stylized facts, including a high degree of variability in Central and Eastern Europe. Furthermore, strong mutual trust is very rare throughout Europe and the trust relationship is systematically asymmetric, as employers’ trust in the employee side is systematically higher than the reverse relationship.","PeriodicalId":47034,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Industrial Relations","volume":"26 1","pages":"313 - 329"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0959680119850721","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44817624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1177/0959680119847873
B. Ellem, J. Sandström, C. Persson
We compare the iron ore sectors and mining regions of Malmfälten in Sweden and the Pilbara in Australia. Both are physically isolated and the product is economically vital, but we find differences in industrial relations which accord with what would be expected in coordinated and liberal market economies. A closer examination, attentive to history and geography and in which changes in institutional form and function are highlighted, reveals, however, that these differences are more apparent than real, and that there is a common neoliberal trajectory. This analysis also suggests that changes in these sites at times drive transformations in national industrial relations.
{"title":"Neoliberal trajectories in mining: Comparing Malmfälten and the Pilbara","authors":"B. Ellem, J. Sandström, C. Persson","doi":"10.1177/0959680119847873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0959680119847873","url":null,"abstract":"We compare the iron ore sectors and mining regions of Malmfälten in Sweden and the Pilbara in Australia. Both are physically isolated and the product is economically vital, but we find differences in industrial relations which accord with what would be expected in coordinated and liberal market economies. A closer examination, attentive to history and geography and in which changes in institutional form and function are highlighted, reveals, however, that these differences are more apparent than real, and that there is a common neoliberal trajectory. This analysis also suggests that changes in these sites at times drive transformations in national industrial relations.","PeriodicalId":47034,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Industrial Relations","volume":"26 1","pages":"297 - 312"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0959680119847873","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46113948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1177/0959680119838933
Marius Kalanta
Social dialogue is underdeveloped in the Baltic countries. This is often attributed to weak labour institutions and low mobilization, but I argue that employers’ motivation to engage in multi-employer bargaining is a crucial precondition for social dialogue. I build on scholarship in comparative political economy that links the long-run stability of collective bargaining to export competitiveness, and investigate why enterprises in the Baltic countries do not use multi-employer bargaining as an institutional instrument for wage coordination, even though economic growth is export-led. Until recently, employers lacked interest in coordinated wage-setting because of macroeconomic conditions: in particular favourable price trends in international markets which resulted in significantly higher value added without additional investments in efficiency, reducing structural pressure to align wages with productivity. Therefore, the strategies currently employed by Baltic enterprises are not complementary with social dialogue institutions.
{"title":"The weakness of social dialogue in the Baltic countries: An employer-centric political economy perspective","authors":"Marius Kalanta","doi":"10.1177/0959680119838933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0959680119838933","url":null,"abstract":"Social dialogue is underdeveloped in the Baltic countries. This is often attributed to weak labour institutions and low mobilization, but I argue that employers’ motivation to engage in multi-employer bargaining is a crucial precondition for social dialogue. I build on scholarship in comparative political economy that links the long-run stability of collective bargaining to export competitiveness, and investigate why enterprises in the Baltic countries do not use multi-employer bargaining as an institutional instrument for wage coordination, even though economic growth is export-led. Until recently, employers lacked interest in coordinated wage-setting because of macroeconomic conditions: in particular favourable price trends in international markets which resulted in significantly higher value added without additional investments in efficiency, reducing structural pressure to align wages with productivity. Therefore, the strategies currently employed by Baltic enterprises are not complementary with social dialogue institutions.","PeriodicalId":47034,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Industrial Relations","volume":"26 1","pages":"227 - 242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0959680119838933","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44029918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-15DOI: 10.1177/0959680120929137
Emma Hughes, T. Dobbins
Few contemporary studies of change in industrial relations use Carter Goodrich’s classic concept of the ‘frontier of control’ (FoC), especially in cross-national comparative research. Our study maps FoC struggles in two public transport organizations in the UK and the Republic of Ireland. Qualitative methods generate significant insights into complex day-to-day workplace control patterns in these two cases. Despite changes in the frontier of control in both organizations over time, it is observed that employment relations in the Irish case are more cooperative than in the British. The frontier of control still matters, because workplace control regimes shape managerial ability to secure worker consent and are always potentially contestable terrains.
{"title":"Frontier of control struggles in British and Irish public transport","authors":"Emma Hughes, T. Dobbins","doi":"10.1177/0959680120929137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0959680120929137","url":null,"abstract":"Few contemporary studies of change in industrial relations use Carter Goodrich’s classic concept of the ‘frontier of control’ (FoC), especially in cross-national comparative research. Our study maps FoC struggles in two public transport organizations in the UK and the Republic of Ireland. Qualitative methods generate significant insights into complex day-to-day workplace control patterns in these two cases. Despite changes in the frontier of control in both organizations over time, it is observed that employment relations in the Irish case are more cooperative than in the British. The frontier of control still matters, because workplace control regimes shape managerial ability to secure worker consent and are always potentially contestable terrains.","PeriodicalId":47034,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Industrial Relations","volume":"27 1","pages":"327 - 344"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2020-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0959680120929137","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47868972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.1177/0959680119827182
M. Keune, M. Pedaci
We present comparative research on precarious work and trade union strategies in three sectors (construction, industrial cleaning, temporary agency work) across seven European countries. Specific sectors have a profile of precarious work that is remarkably similar across countries, originating from similar employer strategies and work organizations. This results in unions facing comparable challenges concerning precarious work at sectoral level and developing comparable sectoral strategies to combat precarious work. The success of these strategies depends to a large extent on the available power resources. Between sectors within single countries, we observe some similarities but also very substantial differences in their institutional configuration and in actors’ constellations, power resources and repertoires of action. National institutional contexts seem much less significant than often assumed.
{"title":"Trade union strategies against precarious work: Common trends and sectoral divergence in the EU","authors":"M. Keune, M. Pedaci","doi":"10.1177/0959680119827182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0959680119827182","url":null,"abstract":"We present comparative research on precarious work and trade union strategies in three sectors (construction, industrial cleaning, temporary agency work) across seven European countries. Specific sectors have a profile of precarious work that is remarkably similar across countries, originating from similar employer strategies and work organizations. This results in unions facing comparable challenges concerning precarious work at sectoral level and developing comparable sectoral strategies to combat precarious work. The success of these strategies depends to a large extent on the available power resources. Between sectors within single countries, we observe some similarities but also very substantial differences in their institutional configuration and in actors’ constellations, power resources and repertoires of action. National institutional contexts seem much less significant than often assumed.","PeriodicalId":47034,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Industrial Relations","volume":"26 1","pages":"139 - 155"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0959680119827182","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43024084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.1177/0959680119840574
Christine Trampusch
There has been extensive research into policy reactions to migration with regard to wages and labour conditions, but not vocational training. I show that employers’ associations and unions in the Swiss construction industry have reacted to increasing mobility by protecting existing occupational labour markets through policies regulating the entry to these. The multi-layered structure of employers’ associations, trade unions and collective agreements along occupational and territorial lines explains the high level of collective occupational protectionism in this industry. The Swiss case thereby presents a particularly interesting and controversial example of regulation of free movement of workers in Europe.
{"title":"Social partners’ policy reactions to migration in occupational labour markets: The case of the Swiss construction industry","authors":"Christine Trampusch","doi":"10.1177/0959680119840574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0959680119840574","url":null,"abstract":"There has been extensive research into policy reactions to migration with regard to wages and labour conditions, but not vocational training. I show that employers’ associations and unions in the Swiss construction industry have reacted to increasing mobility by protecting existing occupational labour markets through policies regulating the entry to these. The multi-layered structure of employers’ associations, trade unions and collective agreements along occupational and territorial lines explains the high level of collective occupational protectionism in this industry. The Swiss case thereby presents a particularly interesting and controversial example of regulation of free movement of workers in Europe.","PeriodicalId":47034,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Industrial Relations","volume":"26 1","pages":"157 - 172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0959680119840574","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46252723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.1177/0959680118825071
E. Cukrowska-Torzewska, I. Magda
We contribute to the literature on firm-level determinants of gender wage inequality by studying the link between a firm’s age and the size of its gender pay gap. Using European Structure of Earnings data for eight European countries, we find that in all these countries, the gender wage gaps are smallest in the youngest firms. Our results also show that in Central European countries, the size of the gender pay gap clearly increases with the age of the company; whereas in the older EU member states such link is not as apparent. Levels of gender wage inequality appear to be highest in companies that were previously state owned but were privatized during the transition. We interpret our findings with the support of competition and monopsony theories.
{"title":"The gender wage gap in the workplace: Does the age of the firm matter?","authors":"E. Cukrowska-Torzewska, I. Magda","doi":"10.1177/0959680118825071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0959680118825071","url":null,"abstract":"We contribute to the literature on firm-level determinants of gender wage inequality by studying the link between a firm’s age and the size of its gender pay gap. Using European Structure of Earnings data for eight European countries, we find that in all these countries, the gender wage gaps are smallest in the youngest firms. Our results also show that in Central European countries, the size of the gender pay gap clearly increases with the age of the company; whereas in the older EU member states such link is not as apparent. Levels of gender wage inequality appear to be highest in companies that were previously state owned but were privatized during the transition. We interpret our findings with the support of competition and monopsony theories.","PeriodicalId":47034,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Industrial Relations","volume":"26 1","pages":"123 - 137"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0959680118825071","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44866500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.25384/SAGE.C.4575686.V1
N. Doerflinger, V. Pulignano, M. Lukac
We analyse insecurity-based dividing lines and their social configurations in the German, Belgian and Italian labour markets in 2015, using latent class analysis applied to EU Labour Force Survey d...
{"title":"The social configuration of labour market divides: An analysis of Germany, Belgium and Italy:","authors":"N. Doerflinger, V. Pulignano, M. Lukac","doi":"10.25384/SAGE.C.4575686.V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25384/SAGE.C.4575686.V1","url":null,"abstract":"We analyse insecurity-based dividing lines and their social configurations in the German, Belgian and Italian labour markets in 2015, using latent class analysis applied to EU Labour Force Survey d...","PeriodicalId":47034,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Industrial Relations","volume":"26 1","pages":"207-223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69208083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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